EP2113352B1 - Method for manufacturing a building element made of porous concrete - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing a building element made of porous concrete Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2113352B1
EP2113352B1 EP08155437A EP08155437A EP2113352B1 EP 2113352 B1 EP2113352 B1 EP 2113352B1 EP 08155437 A EP08155437 A EP 08155437A EP 08155437 A EP08155437 A EP 08155437A EP 2113352 B1 EP2113352 B1 EP 2113352B1
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Prior art keywords
layer
layers
porous concrete
properties
raw material
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2113352A1 (en
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Oliver Michel
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H+H International AS
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H+H International AS
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Priority to EP08155437A priority Critical patent/EP2113352B1/en
Priority to PCT/EP2009/054835 priority patent/WO2009133008A1/en
Priority to UAA201014069A priority patent/UA103322C2/en
Priority to EA201001718A priority patent/EA020394B1/en
Publication of EP2113352A1 publication Critical patent/EP2113352A1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/008Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material made from two or more materials having different characteristics or properties
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28BSHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/50Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material specially adapted for producing articles of expanded material, e.g. cellular concrete

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a component made of cellular concrete.
  • Autoclaved aerated concrete is a material that has been known for many decades and, because of its favorable properties in the construction industry, is highly valued not only for the construction of external walls, but also for interior work.
  • Made of aerated concrete components can be made by the specific choice of formulations with different properties, in particular, for example, the porosity and thus the bulk density or compressive strength can be variably adjusted.
  • a low bulk density and thus a high proportion of pores due to the high degree of air inclusions a particularly good thermal insulation or thermal insulation, a lower porosity and thus higher bulk density gives the component a higher pressure resistance and thus stability. It is therefore particularly better suited to take loads, and has moreover, for example also compared to aerated concrete lower density better soundproofing properties.
  • Aerated concrete is nowadays often produced in processes in which initially the raw material for the concrete is introduced into a mold, ferment the aerated concrete blank in the mold to form the pores, which are formed by a corresponding pore-forming agent in the starting formulation is left and sets to obtain the so-called green strength, the so-called green cake formed, then cut into the components and finally these precut components are cured in the presence of hot water vapor and pressure.
  • components of cellular concrete with a homogeneous property that is continuous throughout the component are produced. a predetermined and adjustable due to the recipe compressive strength. It is also known to add property-modifying additives to aerated concrete, such as e.g. encapsulated phase change materials to alter the heat storage properties of the cellular concrete. Again, a uniform casting is made to a coherent green cake, so that the properties set for the entire component of cellular concrete are homogeneous.
  • aerated concrete components have due to the customary desired and desired wall depths often larger dimensions than would be required to form the actual support function.
  • a narrower aerated concrete component of the same compressive strength class often suffices for the construction of an outer masonry work that is as stable as it is capable of bearing, as the component actually used.
  • the inventors have the task of providing an improved method for the production of such a component made of cellular concrete, which component such as from GB 2 068 289 is known flexible in use and combines in one element several of the intrinsically favorable properties of the material or with corresponding additives to be achieved favorable properties in itself, specify.
  • a flexible component made of aerated concrete is produced by integrally forming it with at least two layers, each layer of which contains aerated concrete which has properties differing from the aerated concrete of the respective other layer.
  • the layers of a cellular concrete element may be designed with different bulk densities, e.g. when installing in an outer wall or other load-bearing wall on the one hand to find the good static properties and compressive strength of aerated concrete of high density, on the other hand, but also the good heat insulating properties of aerated concrete with lower density.
  • the strength of the integral connection between the layers is inventively by a corrugated or Jagged boundary line between the layers or a correspondingly structured interface improved.
  • a corrugated or Jagged boundary line between the layers or a correspondingly structured interface improved.
  • Such a configuration of the boundary lines or the interface increases the contact area between the layers and thus improves the one-piece and intimate connection.
  • the boundary region is designed to be jagged or wavy.
  • the surface of a first layer are "roughened", in particular in two different directions, before the further layer is applied.
  • the one-piece design of the component ensures that this does not have a weak point at the boundary between the layers and threatens to break apart here.
  • the process according to the invention is one in which the layers of cellular concrete of different properties are brought together in total before a final curing step in an autoclave.
  • the energy-intensive curing only has to be performed once and the overall production can be made more rapidly compared to a process, for example, in which a second layer is then applied to a previously hardened first layer and cured again.
  • aerated concrete in the layers, as an alternative to the different bulk density, can be used with properties that are set differently due to specific additives; this can also be done in combination with aerated concrete of different bulk densities.
  • Such property-determining additives are, for example, those already described above, encapsulated phase transition materials, but there are also other additives into consideration, which develop property-modifying effect.
  • the aerated concrete in at least one layer, a dye, e.g. in the form of color pigments or other distinguishing features.
  • a dye e.g. in the form of color pigments or other distinguishing features.
  • the aerated concrete for differentiation in different layers of different dyes or the like can be added.
  • an upper layer to be applied to an existing base layer can take place only after a first hardening of the lower layer, in particular only after reaching the green rigidity, on the other hand, the layer structure can be created by a "wet-on-wet" method, in which the further Layer is applied to a still liquid or viscous and not yet solidified to a green rigidity lower layer.
  • the second-mentioned method can contribute to a reduction of production times, since the waiting time to reach the green stiffness of a first layer before pouring a further layer is eliminated ,
  • the green-rigid porous concrete cake which contains at least two differently formed aerated concrete layers by the process according to the invention, is usually cut before autoclaving or another final curing process, care must be taken in this cutting that the boundary line between the layers in the finished component be in the desired direction runs. This will often be a transverse direction of the component, so its width, since the length is usually installed in the wall escape and different properties in a substantially vertical direction lying to the wall plane most likely to be required.
  • FIG. 1 an exemplary embodiment of a component 1 made of cellular concrete produced by the method according to the invention is shown in a highly simplified and schematic representation, each in a plan view.
  • both layers are made of cellular concrete, but with different properties.
  • the cellular concrete in the layer 2 is provided with different properties than the cellular concrete in the layer 3.
  • a high density concrete e.g. an aerated concrete material of the classification P6
  • the cellular concrete in the layer 3 is one of a lower density, e.g. one of the classification P2.
  • the layers may differ by addition of property-modifying additives in only one of the layers or in both layers, but in different concentrations, it can also in both layers additives, however, they may be different for different property changes.
  • Such aggregates may e.g. encapsulated chamfering materials for improving the heat storage properties or the like.
  • both in the layers 2, 3 both different densities of the respective aerated concrete material can be realized and also also, if necessary, different additives may be included. Also, one of the layers 2 and 3 may be colored, or it may be added to both layers different colors.
  • the layer 2 could serve as an outer layer of the stone and have a high bulk density and thus good static properties and structural strength.
  • the layer 3, which then lies on the inside of the wall, may be made of a porous concrete with a low bulk density in order to improve the thermal insulation properties of the stone as a whole.
  • the layer boundary 4 is structured, in particular corrugated. This formation of the layer boundary 4 brings an enlarged contact surface between the two layers 2, 3 and can thus contribute to an improved connection and adhesion or expression of the one-piece connection between the layers 2 and 3.
  • the component made of cellular concrete shown in the figure is produced by a manufacturing method according to the invention.
  • the layer 3 is applied to the layer 2 before curing, either in the process "wet-on-wet", ie on a still liquid or viscous layer 2, be it in a green stage of the layer 2.
  • the latter Variant offers a sharper interface and in particular allows a very good training of a selected layer boundary structure, but it lasts longer in the process.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauelements aus Porenbeton.The invention relates to a method for producing a component made of cellular concrete.

Porenbeton ist ein an sich seit vielen Jahrzehnten bekannter Werkstoff, der wegen seiner günstigen Eigenschaften im Bauwesen nicht nur zur Errichtung von Außenmauern, sondern auch im Innenausbau sehr geschätzt wird.Autoclaved aerated concrete is a material that has been known for many decades and, because of its favorable properties in the construction industry, is highly valued not only for the construction of external walls, but also for interior work.

Aus Porenbeton hergestellte Bauelemente können durch die spezifische Wahl der Rezepturen mit unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften gefertigt werden, insbesondere kann z.B. die Porigkeit und damit die Rohdichte bzw. Druckfestigkeit variabel eingestellt werden. Eine geringe Rohdichte und damit ein hoher Anteil an Poren bedingt aufgrund des hohen Maßes an Lufteinschlüssen eine besonders gute Wärmeisolationswirkung bzw. Wärmedämmung, eine geringere Porigkeit und damit höhere Rohdichte verleiht dem Bauelement eine höhere Druckfestigkeit und damit Stabilität. Es ist somit insbesondere besser geeignet, Lasten aufzunehmen, und hat darüber hinaus beispielsweise auch verglichen mit Porenbeton geringerer Rohdichte bessere Schallschutzeigenschaften.Made of aerated concrete components can be made by the specific choice of formulations with different properties, in particular, for example, the porosity and thus the bulk density or compressive strength can be variably adjusted. A low bulk density and thus a high proportion of pores due to the high degree of air inclusions a particularly good thermal insulation or thermal insulation, a lower porosity and thus higher bulk density gives the component a higher pressure resistance and thus stability. It is therefore particularly better suited to take loads, and has moreover, for example also compared to aerated concrete lower density better soundproofing properties.

Porenbeton wird dabei heute häufig in Verfahren hergestellt, in denen zunächst das Ausgangs- bzw. Rohmaterial für den Beton in eine Form eingebracht wird, der Porenbeton Rohling in der Form zur Ausbildung der Poren, die durch einen entsprechenden Porenbildner in der Ausgangsrezeptur gebildet werden, gären gelassen wird und abbindet bis zum Erhalt der sogenannten Grünfestigkeit, der sogenannte Grünkuchen ausgeformt, anschließend zu den Bauelementen geschnitten und abschließend diese vorgeschnittenen Bauelemente in Anwesenheit von heißem Wasserdampf und Druck ausgehärtet werden.Aerated concrete is nowadays often produced in processes in which initially the raw material for the concrete is introduced into a mold, ferment the aerated concrete blank in the mold to form the pores, which are formed by a corresponding pore-forming agent in the starting formulation is left and sets to obtain the so-called green strength, the so-called green cake formed, then cut into the components and finally these precut components are cured in the presence of hot water vapor and pressure.

Bei dieser Herstellung entstehen je nach Ausgangsrezeptur Bauelemente aus Porenbeton mit einer homogenen und für das gesamte Bauelement durchgehenden Eigenschaft, wie z.B. einer vorgegebenen und aufgrund der Rezeptur einstellbaren Druckfestigkeit. Ebenfalls bekannt ist es, dem Porenbeton eigenschaftsverändernde Zusätze beizumengen, wie z.B. gekapselte Phasenwechselmaterialien, um die Wärmespeichereigenschaften des Porenbetons zu verändern. Auch hier wird ein einheitlicher Guss zu einem zusammenhängenden Grünkuchen vorgenommen, sodass die so eingestellten Eigenschaften für das gesamte Bauelement aus Porenbeton homogen gelten.In this production, depending on the initial formulation, components of cellular concrete with a homogeneous property that is continuous throughout the component, such as, for example, are produced. a predetermined and adjustable due to the recipe compressive strength. It is also known to add property-modifying additives to aerated concrete, such as e.g. encapsulated phase change materials to alter the heat storage properties of the cellular concrete. Again, a uniform casting is made to a coherent green cake, so that the properties set for the entire component of cellular concrete are homogeneous.

Bei der Verwendung der so gewonnenen Porenbetonbauelemente wird nun auf die durch die Architektur und Konstruktion des zu errichtenden Bauwerks vorgegebenen Gegebenheiten abgestellt. So werden tragende Außenwände regelmäßig mit Porenbetonbauelementen höherer Druckfestigkeit errichtet, da hier die Druckfestigkeit und damit die Tragfähigkeit wichtiger zu bewerten ist, als ein Verlust von Wärmedämmungseigenschaften, die bei Porenbeton mit niedrigerer Druckfestigkeit günstiger wären.When using the aerated concrete components thus obtained is now turned off on the given by the architecture and construction of the building to be erected conditions. So load-bearing outer walls are regularly built with aerated concrete components higher compressive strength, since here the pressure resistance and thus the load capacity is to be evaluated more important than a loss of thermal insulation properties, which would be cheaper in aerated concrete with lower pressure resistance.

Die z.B. für die Errichtung von Außenmauern verwendeten Porenbetonbauelemente weisen aufgrund der üblicherweise angestrebten und erwünschten Mauertiefen häufig größere Abmessungen auf, als dies zum Ausbilden der eigentlichen Tragfunktion erforderlich wäre. Mit anderen Worten genügt häufig ein schmaler ausgebildetes Porenbetonbauelement derselben Druckfestigkeitsklasse zur Errichtung eines ebenso stabilen wie tragfähigen Außenmauerwerkes als das tatsächlich verwendete Bauelement.The e.g. For the construction of exterior walls used aerated concrete components have due to the customary desired and desired wall depths often larger dimensions than would be required to form the actual support function. In other words, a narrower aerated concrete component of the same compressive strength class often suffices for the construction of an outer masonry work that is as stable as it is capable of bearing, as the component actually used.

Grundsätzlich wäre es möglich, zur Verbesserung der Wärmeschutzeigenschaften hinter einer ersten, aus Porenbeton mit höherer Druckfestigkeit und höherer Rohdichte aufgemauerten Wand, eine zweite Wand mit Bauelementen aus Porenbeton mit geringerer Rohdichte und damit besseren Wärmedämmeigenschaften zu errichten. Dies bedeutet allerdings einen Raumverlust an umbauten Raum und vor allem deutlich höhere Kosten durch das zusätzlich aufzubringende Material und den erhöhten Arbeitsaufwand.In principle, it would be possible to improve the heat protection properties behind a first wall made of aerated concrete with higher pressure resistance and higher bulk density, to construct a second wall with aerated concrete elements with a lower density and thus better thermal insulation properties. However, this means a loss of space in enclosed space and above all significantly higher costs due to the additional material to be applied and the increased workload.

Aus der GB 2 068 289 A ist ein Bauelement aus Porenbeton bekannt, das mit mehreren Schichten aus Porenbeton unterschiedlicher Eigeschaften, z.B. abweichender Rohdichte, gebildet ist. Ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung ist dort ebenfalls angegeben. Bei dem Verfahren werden unterschiedliche Ausgangsmassen in durch vertikale Trennwände unterteilte Kompartimente einer Form eingefüllt, wobei die Trennwände mit steigendem Füllstand hochgefahren werden und das Material des Porenbetons in den unterschiedlichen Schichten in den Grenzbereichen unkontrolliert ineinander laufen und eine undefiniert ineinander verwobene Grenzfläche ausbilden kann. Während mit derartigen Bauelementen die oben adressierten Schwierigkeiten gelöst, insbesondere Wände mit guter Statik und zugleich guten Wärmeisolationseigenschaften aus einfachen Elementen aufgeschichtet werden können, ist das Herstellungsverfahren für solche Bauelemente hinsichtlich der Genauigkeit der Grenzlinie und innigen Verbindung der Schichten noch verbesserungswürdig.From the GB 2 068 289 A is a structural element made of cellular concrete, which is formed with several layers of cellular concrete of different properties, for example deviating density. A method for its production is also given there. In the process, different starting materials are filled into compartments subdivided by vertical partitions of a mold, wherein the partitions are raised with increasing filling level and the material of the aerated concrete in the different layers in the boundary regions run uncontrollably into one another and form an undefined interwoven boundary surface. While solved with such components, the above-addressed difficulties, especially walls with good static and good thermal insulation properties at the same time Elements can be stacked, the manufacturing process for such devices in terms of accuracy of the boundary line and intimate connection of the layers still in need of improvement.

Ausgehend von diesen Beobachtungen haben sich die Erfinder die Aufgabe gestellt, ein verbessertes Verfahren für die Herstellung eines solchen Bauelementes aus Porenbeton, welches Bauelement wie das aus der GB 2 068 289 bekannte flexibel in der Verwendung ist und in einem Element mehrere der an sich günstigen Eigenschaften des Materials oder mit entsprechenden Zusätzen zu erzielender günstiger Eigenschaften in sich vereint, anzugeben.Based on these observations, the inventors have the task of providing an improved method for the production of such a component made of cellular concrete, which component such as from GB 2 068 289 is known flexible in use and combines in one element several of the intrinsically favorable properties of the material or with corresponding additives to be achieved favorable properties in itself, specify.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Bauelements aus Porenbeton mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sind in den Ansprüchen 2 bis 7 angegeben.This object is achieved by a method for producing a structural element made of cellular concrete with the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the inventive method according to the invention are specified in claims 2 to 7.

Erfindungsgemäß wird ein flexibles Bauelement aus Porenbeton hergestellt, indem dieses einstückig mit wenigstens zwei Schichten gebildet wird, von denen jede Schicht Porenbeton enthält, der von dem Porenbeton der jeweils anderen Schicht abweichende Eigenschaften aufweist. So können beispielsweise die Schichten eines Bauelementes aus Porenbeton mit unterschiedlichen Rohdichten gestaltet sein, um z.B. beim Verbauen in einer Außenwand oder sonstigen tragenden Wand einerseits die guten statischen Eigenschaften und die Druckfestigkeit von Porenbeton von hoher Rohdichte vorzufinden, andererseits aber auch die guten wärmeisolierenden Eigenschaften des Porenbetons mit geringerer Rohdichte.According to the invention, a flexible component made of aerated concrete is produced by integrally forming it with at least two layers, each layer of which contains aerated concrete which has properties differing from the aerated concrete of the respective other layer. For example, the layers of a cellular concrete element may be designed with different bulk densities, e.g. when installing in an outer wall or other load-bearing wall on the one hand to find the good static properties and compressive strength of aerated concrete of high density, on the other hand, but also the good heat insulating properties of aerated concrete with lower density.

Dabei wird die Festigkeit der einstückigen Verbindung zwischen den Schichten erfindungsgemäß durch eine gewellte bzw. gezackte Grenzlinie zwischen den Schichten bzw. eine entsprechend strukturierte Grenzfläche verbessert. Eine solche Ausgestaltung der Grenzlinien bzw. der Grenzfläche vergrößert die Kontaktfläche zwischen den Schichten und verbessert damit die einstückige und innige Verbindung.The strength of the integral connection between the layers is inventively by a corrugated or Jagged boundary line between the layers or a correspondingly structured interface improved. Such a configuration of the boundary lines or the interface increases the contact area between the layers and thus improves the one-piece and intimate connection.

Um eine innigliche Verbindung zwischen den Schichten zu erzielen, wird bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren insofern der Grenzbereich zackig oder wellenförmig ausgebildet. Hierzu kann z.B. mit einem kammartigen Werkzeug die Oberfläche einer ersten Schicht "aufgeraut" werden, insbesondere auch in zwei verschiedenen Richtungen, bevor die weitere Schicht aufgebracht wird.In order to achieve an intimate connection between the layers, in the method according to the invention, in this respect, the boundary region is designed to be jagged or wavy. For this, e.g. With a comb-like tool, the surface of a first layer are "roughened", in particular in two different directions, before the further layer is applied.

Die einstückige Ausbildung des Bauelementes stellt sicher, dass dieses nicht etwa an der Grenze zwischen den Schichten eine Schwachstelle aufweist und hier auseinanderzubrechen droht.The one-piece design of the component ensures that this does not have a weak point at the boundary between the layers and threatens to break apart here.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist ein solches, bei dem die Schichten von Porenbeton unterschiedlicher Eigenschaften insgesamt vor einem abschließenden Aushärtungsschritt in einem Autoklav zusammengebracht werden. So muss das energieaufwendige Aushärten nur ein einziges Mal vollzogen werden und kann die Produktion insgesamt zügiger erfolgen im Vergleich zu einem Verfahren, z.B., bei dem auf eine zuvor gehärtete erste Schicht dann eine zweite Schicht aufgebracht und diese erneut gehärtet wird.The process according to the invention is one in which the layers of cellular concrete of different properties are brought together in total before a final curing step in an autoclave. Thus, the energy-intensive curing only has to be performed once and the overall production can be made more rapidly compared to a process, for example, in which a second layer is then applied to a previously hardened first layer and cured again.

In den Schichten kann alternativ zu der unterschiedlichen Rohdichte Porenbeton mit aufgrund von spezifischen Zusatzstoffen unterschiedlich eingestellten Eigenschaften Anwendung finden, dies kann auch kombiniert mit Porenbeton unterschiedlicher Rohdichten erfolgen. Derartige eigenschaftsbestimmende Zusätze sind beispielsweise die oben bereits beschriebenen, gekapselten Phasenübergangsmaterialien, es kommen jedoch auch andere Zusatzstoffe in Betracht, die eigenschaftsverändernde Wirkung entfalten.In the layers, as an alternative to the different bulk density, aerated concrete can be used with properties that are set differently due to specific additives; this can also be done in combination with aerated concrete of different bulk densities. Such property-determining additives are, for example, those already described above, encapsulated phase transition materials, but there are also other additives into consideration, which develop property-modifying effect.

Um für die spätere Anwendung in solchen Fällen, in denen bei der Verwendung des Bauelementes eine Ausrichtung der unterschiedlich ausgebildeten Schichten z.B. zu einer Außenseite einer zu errichteten Außenwand und der Innenseite hin relevant ist, ein Identifizieren der Schichten zu vereinfachen, kann dem Porenbeton in zumindest einer Schicht ein Farbstoff, z.B. in Form von Farbpigmenten oder andere Unterscheidungsmerkmale beigemengt werden. Ebenso können dem Porenbeton zur Unterscheidbarmachung auch in mehreren der Schichten unterschiedliche Farbstoffe oder dergleichen beigemengt werden.In order for later use in such cases where, in use of the device, alignment of the differently formed layers e.g. is relevant to an outside of an external wall to be constructed and the inside, to facilitate identification of the layers, the aerated concrete in at least one layer, a dye, e.g. in the form of color pigments or other distinguishing features. Likewise, the aerated concrete for differentiation in different layers of different dyes or the like can be added.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zum Herstellen des Bauelementes sind grundsätzlich zwei Vorgehensweisen denkbar:In principle, two approaches are conceivable in the method according to the invention for producing the component:

Zum einen kann eine auf eine bestehende Grundschicht aufzugießende obere Schicht erst nach einem ersten Erhärten der unteren Schicht, insbesondere erst nach Erreichen der Grünsteifigkeit erfolgen, zum anderen kann der Schichtaufbau durch ein "nass-in-nass" Verfahren geschaffen werden, bei dem die weitere Schicht auf eine noch flüssige bzw. zähflüssige und noch nicht zu einer Grünsteifigkeit erstarrte untere Schicht aufgebracht wird.On the one hand, an upper layer to be applied to an existing base layer can take place only after a first hardening of the lower layer, in particular only after reaching the green rigidity, on the other hand, the layer structure can be created by a "wet-on-wet" method, in which the further Layer is applied to a still liquid or viscous and not yet solidified to a green rigidity lower layer.

Während mit dem erstgenannten Verfahren in der Regel schärfere Grenzlinien erzielt und eine Diffusion im Grenzlinienbereich besser vermieden werden kann, kann das zweitgenannte Verfahren zu einer Verkürzung der Produktionszeiten beitragen, da die Wartezeit bis zum Erreichen der Grünsteifigkeit einer ersten Schicht vor dem Aufgießen einer weiteren Schicht entfällt.While with the former method usually achieved sharper boundary lines and diffusion in the borderline area can be better avoided, the second-mentioned method can contribute to a reduction of production times, since the waiting time to reach the green stiffness of a first layer before pouring a further layer is eliminated ,

Da üblicherweise der grünsteife Porenbetonkuchen, der nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zumindest zwei unterschiedlich ausgebildete Porenbetonschichten enthält, vor einem Autoklavieren oder einem sonstigen finalen Aushärteprozess geschnitten wird, ist bei diesem Schneiden darauf zu achten, dass die Grenzlinie zwischen den Schichten im fertigen Bauelement in der gewünschten Richtung verläuft. Dies wird häufig eine Querrichtung des Bauelementes sein, also seine Breite, da die Länge in der Regel in der Mauerflucht verbaut wird und unterschiedliche Eigenschaften in einer im wesentlichen senkrechten zur Mauerebene liegenden Richtung am ehesten verlangt werden.Since the green-rigid porous concrete cake, which contains at least two differently formed aerated concrete layers by the process according to the invention, is usually cut before autoclaving or another final curing process, care must be taken in this cutting that the boundary line between the layers in the finished component be in the desired direction runs. This will often be a transverse direction of the component, so its width, since the length is usually installed in the wall escape and different properties in a substantially vertical direction lying to the wall plane most likely to be required.

Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispieles anhand der beigefügten Figur. Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 in schematischer Darstellung eine Aufsicht auf ein mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestelltes Bauelement aus zwei Schichten Porenbeton mit unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften und strukturiert ausgebildetem Verlauf der Grenzschicht.
Further advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment with reference to the accompanying figure. It shows:
  • Fig. 1 in a schematic representation of a plan view of a produced by a method according to the invention component of two layers of cellular concrete with different properties and structured course of the boundary layer.

In der einzigen Figur ist in stark vereinfachter und schematischer Darstellung ein Ausführungsbeispiel für ein mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestelltes Bauelement 1 aus Porenbeton jeweils in einer Aufsicht dargestellt. Das Bauelement 1, das hier ein einfacher quaderförmiger Porenbetonstein ist, setzt sich zusammen aus zwei Schichten 2, 3, die durch eine Schichtgrenze 4 voneinander getrennt sind. Beide Schichten 2, 3 sind einstückig entlang der Schichtgrenze miteinander verbunden und bilden so das einstückige Bauelement 1.In the single FIGURE, an exemplary embodiment of a component 1 made of cellular concrete produced by the method according to the invention is shown in a highly simplified and schematic representation, each in a plan view. The component 1, which here is a simple block-shaped aerated concrete block, is composed of two layers 2, 3, which are separated from one another by a layer boundary 4. Both layers 2, 3 are integrally connected to one another along the layer boundary and thus form the one-piece component 1.

Beide Schichten bestehen aus Porenbeton, jedoch mit unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften. So ist der Porenbeton in der Schicht 2 mit anderen Eigenschaften ausgestattet, als der Porenbeton in der Schicht 3. Zum Beispiel kann in der Schicht 2 ein Porenbeton mit hoher Rohdichte, z.B. ein Porenbetonmaterial der Klassifizierung P6 angeordnet sein, während der Porenbeton in der Schicht 3 ein solcher mit geringerer Rohdichte ist, z.B. einer der Klassifizierung P2.Both layers are made of cellular concrete, but with different properties. Thus, the cellular concrete in the layer 2 is provided with different properties than the cellular concrete in the layer 3. For example, in the layer 2, a high density concrete, e.g. an aerated concrete material of the classification P6, while the cellular concrete in the layer 3 is one of a lower density, e.g. one of the classification P2.

Es kann allerdings auch in beiden Schichten 2, 3 Porenbeton einer einzigen Rohdichte vorkommen, die Schichten können sich durch Zugabe von eigenschaftsverändernden Zuschlagstoffen in nur einer der Schichten bzw. in beiden Schichten, aber in unterschiedlichen Konzentrationen unterscheiden, es können auch in beiden Schichten Zuschlagstoffe, jedoch unterschiedliche zur verschiedenen Eigenschaftsveränderung enthalten sein. Solche Zuschlagstoffe können z.B. gekapselte Fasenwechselmaterialen zur Verbesserung der Wärmespeichereigenschaften oder dergleichen.However, it can also occur in both layers 2, 3 aerated concrete of a single density, the layers may differ by addition of property-modifying additives in only one of the layers or in both layers, but in different concentrations, it can also in both layers additives, however, they may be different for different property changes. Such aggregates may e.g. encapsulated chamfering materials for improving the heat storage properties or the like.

Natürlich können auch in den Schichten 2, 3 sowohl unterschiedliche Rohdichten des jeweiligen Porenbetonmaterials realisiert sein und zudem auch noch, ggf. unterschiedliche, Zuschlagstoffe enthalten sein. Auch kann eine der Schichten 2 bzw. 3 eingefärbt sein, oder es können beiden Schichten unterschiedliche Farben beigemengt sein.Of course, both in the layers 2, 3 both different densities of the respective aerated concrete material can be realized and also also, if necessary, different additives may be included. Also, one of the layers 2 and 3 may be colored, or it may be added to both layers different colors.

In einem Anwendungsfall z.B. zum Errichten einer Außenmauer, könnte die Schicht 2 als äußere Schicht des Steines dienen und eine hohe Rohdichte und damit gute statische Eigenschaften und Tragfestigkeit aufweisen. Die Schicht 3, die dann auf der Wandinnenseite liegt, kann aus einem Porenbeton mit niedriger Rohdichte sein, um hier die Wärmedämmeigenschaften des Steines insgesamt zu verbessern.In an application example, for example, to build an outer wall, the layer 2 could serve as an outer layer of the stone and have a high bulk density and thus good static properties and structural strength. The layer 3, which then lies on the inside of the wall, may be made of a porous concrete with a low bulk density in order to improve the thermal insulation properties of the stone as a whole.

Die Schichtgrenze 4 verläuft strukturiert, insbesondere gewellt. Diese Ausbildung der Schichtgrenze 4 bringt eine vergrößerte Kontaktfläche zwischen den beiden Schichten 2, 3 und kann somit zu einer verbesserten Anbindung und Anhaftung bzw. Ausprägung der einstückigen Verbindung zwischen den Schichten 2 und 3 beitragen.The layer boundary 4 is structured, in particular corrugated. This formation of the layer boundary 4 brings an enlarged contact surface between the two layers 2, 3 and can thus contribute to an improved connection and adhesion or expression of the one-piece connection between the layers 2 and 3.

Das in der Figur gezeigte Bauelement aus Porenbeton ist nach einem erfindungsgemäßen Herstellungsverfahren hergestellt. Hierbei wird die Schicht 3 auf die Schicht 2 bereits vor dem Aushärten aufgebracht, sei es im Verfahren "nass-auf-nass", also auf eine noch flüssige bzw. zähflüssige Schicht 2, sei es in einen grünfesten Stadium der Schicht 2. Die letztgenannte Variante bietet eine schärfere Grenzfläche und erlaubt insbesondere eine sehr gute Ausbildung einer gewählten Schichtgrenzstruktur, sie dauert im Verfahrensablauf jedoch länger.The component made of cellular concrete shown in the figure is produced by a manufacturing method according to the invention. Here, the layer 3 is applied to the layer 2 before curing, either in the process "wet-on-wet", ie on a still liquid or viscous layer 2, be it in a green stage of the layer 2. The latter Variant offers a sharper interface and in particular allows a very good training of a selected layer boundary structure, but it lasts longer in the process.

Nicht zuletzt aus der Beschreibung des Ausführungsbeispieles ist für einen Fachmann noch einmal deutlich gemacht worden, welche erheblichen Vorteile das neue erfindungsgemäße Porenbetonbauelement mit sich bringt und welche enorme Gestaltungsvielfalt sich eröffnet.Not least from the description of the embodiment has been made clear to a person skilled in the art once again, which considerable advantages the new aerated concrete component according to the invention entails and which enormous design variety opens up.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

  1. 1 Bauelement1 component
  2. 2 Schicht2 layer
  3. 3 Schicht3 layer
  4. 4 Schichtgrenze4 layer boundary

Claims (7)

  1. A method for manufacturing a single-piece building element made of porous concrete having at least two respectively layers including porous concrete with different properties, in which first of all a layer of a first raw material mixture is injected into a mould in a recipe forming a first porous concrete with properties, and before an autoclave process on the first layer at least one second layer of a second raw material mixture in injected in a second recipe forming porous concrete with second properties deviating from the first properties and the completely coated starting volume is subjected to a hardening reaction to reach final solidity in an autoclave, characterised in that before application of the second or another additional layer, the layer injected previously into the mould is provided on its surface with wave-shaped or jagged structures.
  2. The method of claim 1, characterised in that the second layer is applied on the first layer, once the latter has reached a certain basic solidity, in particular a green stiffness, through a solidification process.
  3. The method of claim 1, characterised in that the second layer is applied on the first layer, while the former is still liquid or viscous.
  4. A method according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the coated raw mass is left to ferment or to mature to produce a green stiffness in all layers, the raw mass is removed from the mould, then cut and subsequently, in particular hardened in an autoclave, whereas the raw mass is cut in such a way that the resulting building elements contain respectively the various layers in a transverse extension.
  5. A method according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the recipes of the first and second raw material mixtures are selected in such a way that they enable to obtain in the first and the second layers respectively porous concrete with different apparent densities.
  6. A method according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that additives determining or modifying the property of the porous concrete produced therewith are added to the first raw material mixture, additives which are not added or in another concentration to the second raw material mixture.
  7. A method according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that colour pigments or comparable distinguishable features are added to least one the first of second raw material mixtures for distinguishability of the layers of the finished building elements.
EP08155437A 2008-04-30 2008-04-30 Method for manufacturing a building element made of porous concrete Not-in-force EP2113352B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08155437A EP2113352B1 (en) 2008-04-30 2008-04-30 Method for manufacturing a building element made of porous concrete
PCT/EP2009/054835 WO2009133008A1 (en) 2008-04-30 2009-04-22 Component made of porous concrete and method for the production thereof
UAA201014069A UA103322C2 (en) 2008-04-30 2009-04-22 Method for manufacture of bulk construction component of porous concrete
EA201001718A EA020394B1 (en) 2008-04-30 2009-04-22 Method for the production of component made of porous concrete

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08155437A EP2113352B1 (en) 2008-04-30 2008-04-30 Method for manufacturing a building element made of porous concrete

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EP2113352A1 EP2113352A1 (en) 2009-11-04
EP2113352B1 true EP2113352B1 (en) 2013-03-27

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EP (1) EP2113352B1 (en)
EA (1) EA020394B1 (en)
UA (1) UA103322C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2009133008A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3663270B1 (en) * 2018-12-03 2021-06-16 Horst Puckelwaldt Sandwich plate with thermal insulation, its use and manufacturing method

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2068289A (en) * 1980-01-31 1981-08-12 Ytong International Ab Method for the production of building elements of the lightweight concrete type
JPH08208345A (en) * 1995-02-06 1996-08-13 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Cellular lightweight concrete board and its production
AT509244A1 (en) * 2010-01-13 2011-07-15 Geolyth Mineral Technologie Gmbh MINERAL MULTILAYER AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR928378A (en) * 1946-05-22 1947-11-26 Improvement in the manufacture of cellular thermal and sound insulation materials based on cement, lime, plaster, etc.
SE513581C2 (en) * 1997-11-24 2000-10-02 Goeran Mellstroem Method for producing a formatted colored concrete structure as well as concrete structure prepared according to said method
DE102006034969A1 (en) * 2006-07-28 2008-02-21 Heide, Michael, Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Manufacturing method for multi-colored high-strength concrete products with sharp-contoured color transitions, involves connecting multi-colored concrete mechanically during hardening in grout casting mold

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2068289A (en) * 1980-01-31 1981-08-12 Ytong International Ab Method for the production of building elements of the lightweight concrete type
JPH08208345A (en) * 1995-02-06 1996-08-13 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Cellular lightweight concrete board and its production
AT509244A1 (en) * 2010-01-13 2011-07-15 Geolyth Mineral Technologie Gmbh MINERAL MULTILAYER AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING

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EP2113352A1 (en) 2009-11-04
EA201001718A1 (en) 2011-06-30
WO2009133008A1 (en) 2009-11-05
UA103322C2 (en) 2013-10-10
EA020394B1 (en) 2014-10-30

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