EP2112565B1 - Mikromechanisches Bauteil mit Öffnung zur Befestigung auf einer Achse - Google Patents

Mikromechanisches Bauteil mit Öffnung zur Befestigung auf einer Achse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2112565B1
EP2112565B1 EP08405112A EP08405112A EP2112565B1 EP 2112565 B1 EP2112565 B1 EP 2112565B1 EP 08405112 A EP08405112 A EP 08405112A EP 08405112 A EP08405112 A EP 08405112A EP 2112565 B1 EP2112565 B1 EP 2112565B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
micromechanical part
elastic
opening
micromechanical
assembly
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP08405112A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2112565A1 (de
Inventor
Sébastien Bannier
David Passannante
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Rolex SA
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Rolex SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rolex SA filed Critical Rolex SA
Priority to EP08405112A priority Critical patent/EP2112565B1/de
Priority to DE602008003097T priority patent/DE602008003097D1/de
Priority to US12/414,150 priority patent/US7926355B2/en
Priority to JP2009100185A priority patent/JP5451162B2/ja
Priority to CN200910135115.0A priority patent/CN101566826B/zh
Publication of EP2112565A1 publication Critical patent/EP2112565A1/de
Priority to HK10100820.4A priority patent/HK1133931A1/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2112565B1 publication Critical patent/EP2112565B1/de
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B35/00—Adjusting the gear train, e.g. the backlash of the arbors, depth of meshing of the gears
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B13/00—Gearwork
    • G04B13/02—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots
    • G04B13/021—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots elastic fitting with a spindle, axis or shaft
    • G04B13/023—Wheels; Pinions; Spindles; Pivots elastic fitting with a spindle, axis or shaft allowing rotational slipping when a threshold torque is exceeded
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04D—APPARATUS OR TOOLS SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR MAKING OR MAINTAINING CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04D7/00—Measuring, counting, calibrating, testing or regulating apparatus
    • G04D7/04—Measuring, counting, calibrating, testing or regulating apparatus for gearwork
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49462—Gear making
    • Y10T29/49465—Gear mounting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a micromechanical part such as a wheel, a pinion, a pin, a pin or a hairspring, intended to be fixed on an axis and comprising at least one opening whose edges alternately comprise rigid zones and elastic zones. .
  • Swiss patent no. 338146 disclosed a slip coupling in which a wheel, shown on the figure 1 , had rigid arms 1 whose ends 2 formed a circle whose diameter was equal to that of an axis to be inserted in the center of the wheel. These rigid arms 1 were themselves provided with radial extensions serving as elastic arms 3 directed inwardly. Once the wheel mounted on the axis, the elastic arms 3 caused friction between the wheel and the axis.
  • EP 1 826 634 made available to the public the micromechanical part shown on the figure 2 .
  • This micromechanical part included, alternately, zones of stiffening and positioning 4 as well as zones of elastic deformation consisting of tongues 5 whose ends 6 penetrated into the opening extending beyond the theoretical contour of the axis. , to ensure a clamping function when the axis was set up by driving.
  • the objective was to allow an assembly by driving on an axis or a stud without risk of rupture.
  • a micromechanical part intended to be fixed on an axis and comprising at least one opening whose edges alternately comprise rigid zones and elastic zones intended to come into contact with said axis, the ends of the zones. rigid closest to the center of the opening being connectable by a first circle of center C, greater in diameter than the diameter of a second circle having the same center C and connecting the ends of the elastic zones closest to the center of the opening, this micromechanical part being distinguished in that each rigid zone is formed by a domed portion projecting into the opening.
  • the convex part preferably projects towards the center of the opening.
  • each elastic zone is formed by a curved arm.
  • each elastic zone is formed by at least one curved finger.
  • each elastic zone is formed by at least one substantially straight half-arm.
  • the micromechanical part according to the invention comprises three rigid zones and three elastic zones. Indeed, this two-zone configuration, because of its isostatic nature, guarantees both the same number of contacts and optimal centering.
  • the invention relates to a method for reducing the risks of obtaining a defective assembly when producing an assembly each comprising an axis and a micromechanical component according to the invention.
  • the invention relates to a method of forming an assembly comprising a micromechanical component according to the invention and an axis.
  • the invention applies in particular to the field of watchmaking. It is especially suitable for the production of gears, pinions, ferrules, darts (for anchors), display discs, etc., which can have very small dimensions (of the order of mm).
  • the minimum holding torque corresponding to the worst case of the minimum driving force is greater than the maximum load torque to prevent slippage.
  • the maximum driving force (corresponding to the maximum holding torque) is less than a limit threshold before damage (microcracks or plastic deformation for example) during assembly.
  • micromechanical part according to the first embodiment of the invention.
  • This micromechanical part is flat, thin and includes an opening 10 provided to receive an axis (not shown). On the edges of the opening 10 alternate rigid zones 11 and elastic zones 12.
  • the rigid zones 11 are each formed by a curved portion projecting from the micromechanical part towards the center of the opening 10 symbolized on the figure 3 by a point C.
  • the contour of each rigid zone 11 is that of an arc. All the rigid areas 11 are identical to each other and connecting their ends 13 closest to the point C of the opening 10, we obtain a first circle C1 whose center coincides with the point C.
  • the elastic zones 12 are each formed by an arm bent towards the point C.
  • Each arm has the shape of a piece of ring projecting from the micromechanical part towards the point C and whose side of larger diameter is turned towards point C. This piece of ring separates the opening 10 from a substantially oval recess 14 formed in the micromechanical part.
  • the annular shape of the zones 12 and the recesses 14 give the zones 12 a much greater elasticity than the zones 11. All the elastic zones 12 are identical to each other and connecting their ends 15 closest to the point C of the opening 10, a second circle C2 is obtained whose center merges with this point C.
  • the diameter of the circle C2 is smaller than that of the circle C1.
  • Each rigid zone 11 is separated, on each side, from the elastic zone 12 which is adjacent to it by a spacing 16.
  • the micromechanical part according to this first embodiment comprises three rigid zones alternating with three elastic zones, which gives it a ternary symmetry.
  • micromechanical part according to the second embodiment of the invention. This micromechanical part is also flat and thin.
  • the rigid areas 11 are similar to those of the first embodiment and therefore do not need to be described again.
  • each elastic zone 22 is formed by two curved fingers 22a, 22b.
  • Each finger 22a has substantially the shape of a ring projecting from the micromechanical part and from which a section has been removed to form a space 23a.
  • each finger 22b has substantially the shape of a ring projecting from the micromechanical part and from which a section has been removed to form a space 23b.
  • the spaces 23a and 23b of the fingers 22a and 22b of the same zone 22 are not turned towards the point C: they are located between the free end 27 of the ring and the rest of the micromechanical part.
  • the fingers 22a and 22b are separated from each other by a space 24.
  • the space 23a of the finger 22a is situated on the opposite side of the finger 22b and likewise the space 23b of the finger 22b is situated on the opposite side finger 22a.
  • the fingers 22a and 22b are symmetrical with respect to a straight line passing through the point C and a point situated in the middle of the finger separation space 24.
  • the annular shape of the fingers 22a, 22b and the spaces 23a, 23b give the zones 22 a much greater elasticity than the zones 11. All the elastic zones 22 are identical to each other and connecting their ends 25 closest to the point C symbolizing the center of the opening 20, we obtain a circle C2 whose center coincides with this point C.
  • the diameter of the circle C2 is smaller than that of the circle C1.
  • Each rigid zone 11 is separated, on each side, from the adjacent elastic zone 22 by a spacing 26.
  • the micromechanical part comprises three rigid zones alternating with three elastic zones, which also gives it a ternary symmetry.
  • micromechanical part according to the third embodiment of the invention. This micromechanical part is also flat and thin.
  • the rigid areas 11 are similar to those of the previous embodiments and therefore do not need to be described again.
  • each elastic zone 32 is formed by two substantially straight half-arms 32a, 32b.
  • Each half-arm 32a protrudes from the micromechanical part in a direction at a slight angle (less than 10 degrees) with a tangent to the circle C1 passing through a point midway between the two half-arms 32a, 32b.
  • its free end 33a approaches the point C symbolizing the center of the opening 30.
  • each half-arm 32b of the same zone 32 protrudes from the micromechanical part in a direction at a slight angle (less than 10 degrees) with said tangent, so that the free end 33b of the half arm 32b approaches the point C symbolizing the center of the opening 30.
  • the half-arms 32a, 32b are turned toward each other and their free ends 33a, 33b are separated by a space 34. Between the half-arms 32a, 32b and the remainder of the micromechanical part are respectively spaces 35a, 35b which, at the respective bases of the half-arms 32a, 32b (that is to say at the places from which these half-arms project), widen substantially in the form of drops 38a, 38b.
  • the diameter of the circle C2 is smaller than that of the circle C1.
  • Each rigid zone 11 is separated, on each side, from the adjacent elastic zone 32 by a spacing 36.
  • the micromechanical part comprises three rigid zones alternating with three elastic zones, which also gives it a ternary symmetry.
  • Simulations using the ANSYS® software were performed on micromechanical parts according to the first (P1), second (P2) and third (P3) embodiments of the invention. These pieces were made of Ni-P alloy.
  • the part P1 had a thickness of 0.2 mm, a circle C2 having a diameter of 0.49 mm, a circle C1 having a diameter of 0.51 mm, curved parts having a radius of curvature of 0.15 mm, arms 12 having a width of 0.04 mm and an outside diameter of 1.0 mm, a distance measured between the circle C1 and the end furthest from the gap 16 of 0.15 mm, a recess 14 having a width of 0.12 mm and a length of 0.26 mm.
  • Piece P2 had a thickness of 0.2 mm, a circle C2 having a diameter of 0.49 mm, a circle C1 having a diameter of 0.51 mm of the curved portions having a radius of curvature of 0.15 mm, fingers 22a, 22b having an internal diameter of 0.06 mm and an outer diameter of 0.14 mm, a distance measured between the circle C1 and the end furthest from the gap 24 of 0.15 mm, spaces 23a, 23b having a distance, measured between the end 27 and the opposite wall of the workpiece P2, of 0.02 mm, a distance measured between the circle C1 and the end furthest from the space 26 of 0, 15 mm.
  • the part P3 had a thickness of 0.2 mm, a circle C2 having a diameter of 0.49 mm, a circle C1 having a diameter of 0.51 mm, curved parts having a radius with a curvature of 0.15 mm, half-arms 32a, 32b having a length of 0.18 mm and a width of 0.04 mm, a space 34 having a length measured substantially along the axis of the half-arms 32a, 32b, 0.02 mm, a distance measured between the circle C1 and the end furthest from the space 36 of 0.04 mm, spaces 35a, 35b having a minimum width of 0.02 mm and a distance , measured between the walls furthest from the drop-shaped enlargements 38a and 38b, of 0.37 mm, these drop shapes having a diameter of 0.07 mm.
  • the insertion (driving) force of a steel axis 20AP at 700HV was simulated in the respective opening 10, 20, 30 of the piece P1, P2, P3, depending on the tightening, that is to say according to the difference between the diameter of the axis and the diameter of the circle C2.
  • the coefficient of friction ⁇ between the axis and each piece P1, P2, P3 was 0.15.
  • the pieces P1, P2 and P3 have been dimensioned so that when the value of 20 microns is reached, the rigid protrusions come into play, one reaches about 70% of the elastic limit of the elastic zones. In fact, it is necessary to place the rigid zones judiciously so that the increase of force corresponds to the beginning of the zone at risk, with a margin of safety.
  • the increase of the driving force to a clamping of 20 ⁇ m is only related to driving on the rigid areas. If the rigid areas were removed, the exceeding of the elastic limit of the material could in no case be detected by a hunting force anomaly.
  • the dimensioning is such that when the rigid zones come into play the arms are still in the elastic stress range.
  • the manufacturing tolerance range of the parts can be large, because the dimensional variation of the parts has little influence on the driving force (one remains always in the elastic zone of constraint of the arms). The latter therefore remains acceptable for all parts within the tolerance range, which in practice translates into lower manufacturing requirements and / or reduced rejections for non-compliance.
  • the value of the maximum torque transmissible by the assembly (that is to say, this value is best transmitted, but never more) is simulated as a function of the tightening.
  • the minimum value of the torque that the assembly must be able to transmit must be at least 16 ⁇ Nm. It can be seen that even in the case of P3, which provides the lowest values, a value of 80 ⁇ Nm is already achieved with a clamping of 4 ⁇ m, that is to say a much larger value than is necessary. .
  • a micromechanical component P2 according to the invention has been compared to two parts as described in the preceding arts 1 and 2 above.
  • the comparison criterion was the ratio between the holding torque and the maximum main stress (which represents the standard verification criterion for fragile materials). The higher the criterion value, the better the micromechanical part.
  • the rigid zones are used essentially for guiding during the driving of the axis which will be introduced into the opening and the elastic zones for holding the axis by clamping, to prevent it from rotating relative to the micromechanical part or to move in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane of this part.
  • the first reference value which is used in the processes according to the invention is therefore the value corresponding to a value of about 30% lower than the yield strength of the elastic zones, and corresponds, in the tests described above, to a clamping of 20 ⁇ m for parts P1, P2 and P3.
  • the second reference value is the limit below which the part fails to transmit sufficient torque for the proper operation of the transmission.
  • micromechanical parts according to the invention can be made, for example, from materials such as silicon, nickel, nickel alloys such as nickel-phosphorus, diamond, quartz, etc.
  • LIGA manufacturing technology from the German “Röntgenlithographie, Galvanoformung, Abformung" can advantageously be used to obtain parts having relatively complex shapes of nickel or nickel-phosphorus.
  • micro-manufacturing technology for example by means of a deep etching process, can also be used to obtain relatively complex shaped parts from silicon, diamond or quartz plates.
  • micromechanical parts represented on the Figures 3 to 5 include all three rigid zones and three elastic zones as these are the preferred configurations. However, it is conceivable, without departing from the scope of the invention, other micromechanical parts having more rigid and elastic zones and / or dimensions and / or different shapes.
  • the curved portion may not be in an arc, but be defined by a variable radius of curvature, oval arc and be directed no longer towards the center of the opening but in a direction offset from this center.
  • micromechanical parts according to the invention are not necessarily flat. Indeed, the aforementioned LIGA technology allows to produce multilayer parts, for example, a wheel board with a pinion.
  • the piece P2 according to the invention ( Fig. 4 ) is particularly favorable because the bending stress causes a weak traction on the side of the center and a strong compression on the opposite side.
  • the pieces may have a smaller symmetry.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)
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Claims (9)

  1. Mikromechanisches Teil, das dazu bestimmt ist, auf einer Achse fixiert zu sein und das wenigstens eine Öffnung (10, 20, 30) aufweist, deren Ränder abwechselnd steife Bereiche (11) und elastische Bereiche (12, 22, 32) aufweisen, die dazu bestimmt sind, in Kontakt mit der Achse zu kommen, wobei die Enden (13) der steifen Bereiche (11), die der Mitte C der Öffnung (10, 20, 30) am nächsten liegen, über einen ersten Kreisring C1 um die Mitte C miteinander verbunden sind, dessen Durchmesser größer als der Durchmesser eines zweiten Kreisringes C2 ist, der die gleiche Mitte C hat und die Enden (15, 25, 27) der elastischen Bereiche (12, 22, 32) verbindet, die der Mitte der Öffnung am nächsten liegen, wobei das mikromechanische Teil dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass jeder steife Bereich (11) durch einen ausgebuchteten Bereich gebildet ist, der in die Öffnung (10, 20, 30) hineinragt.
  2. Mikromechanisches Teil nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der ausgebuchtete Bereich in Richtung der Mitte der Öffnung (10, 20, 30) hineinragt.
  3. Mikromechanisches Teil nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder elastische Bereich (12) durch einen gekrümmten Arm gebildet ist.
  4. Mikromechanisches Teil nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder elastische Bereich (22) durch zwei gekrümmte Finger (22a, 22b) gebildet ist.
  5. Mikromechanisches Teil nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder elastische Bereich (32) durch wenigstens einen geraden Halbarm (32a oder 32b) gebildet ist.
  6. Mikromechanisches Teil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es drei steife Bereiche (11) und drei elastische Bereiche (12, 22, 32) aufweist.
  7. Anordnung, die aus einem mikromechanischen Teil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6 und einer Achse gebildet ist.
  8. Verwendung eines mikromechanischen Teiles nach Anspruch 5 zum Begrenzen des Drehmomentes vor Übermittlung durch eine Anordnung, die durch dieses mikromechanische Teil und eine Achse gebildet ist.
  9. Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Anordnung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es aufeinanderfolgend die folgenden Schritte aufweist:
    - Einführen einer Achse in ein mikromechanisches Teil nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6 unter Messen der zum Einführen erforderlichen Kraft,
    - Vergleich der gemessenen Kraft mit einem ersten Referenzwert,
    - wenn der gemessene Wert größer als der erste Referenzwert oder kleiner als ein zweiter Referenzwert ist, Verwerfen der Anordnung,
    - falls der gemessene Wert kleiner oder gleich dem ersten Referenzwert und größer oder gleich dem zweiten Referenzwert ist, Verwahren der Anordnung.
EP08405112A 2008-04-21 2008-04-21 Mikromechanisches Bauteil mit Öffnung zur Befestigung auf einer Achse Active EP2112565B1 (de)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08405112A EP2112565B1 (de) 2008-04-21 2008-04-21 Mikromechanisches Bauteil mit Öffnung zur Befestigung auf einer Achse
DE602008003097T DE602008003097D1 (de) 2008-04-21 2008-04-21 Mikromechanisches Bauteil mit Öffnung zur Befestigung auf einer Achse
US12/414,150 US7926355B2 (en) 2008-04-21 2009-03-30 Micromechanical part with an opening for fastening to a spindle
JP2009100185A JP5451162B2 (ja) 2008-04-21 2009-04-16 スピンドルに締結するための開口を有する微小機械部品
CN200910135115.0A CN101566826B (zh) 2008-04-21 2009-04-20 具有用于固定到主轴上的开口的微机械部件
HK10100820.4A HK1133931A1 (en) 2008-04-21 2010-01-26 Micromechanical component with opening for attachment on a spindle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08405112A EP2112565B1 (de) 2008-04-21 2008-04-21 Mikromechanisches Bauteil mit Öffnung zur Befestigung auf einer Achse

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2112565A1 EP2112565A1 (de) 2009-10-28
EP2112565B1 true EP2112565B1 (de) 2010-10-20

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EP08405112A Active EP2112565B1 (de) 2008-04-21 2008-04-21 Mikromechanisches Bauteil mit Öffnung zur Befestigung auf einer Achse

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US7926355B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2112565B1 (de)
JP (1) JP5451162B2 (de)
CN (1) CN101566826B (de)
DE (1) DE602008003097D1 (de)
HK (1) HK1133931A1 (de)

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EP1826634A1 (de) 2006-02-28 2007-08-29 Nivarox-FAR S.A. Mikromechanisches Bauteil mit formschlüssiger Öffnung zum Assemblieren einer Welle
EP1921042A1 (de) * 2006-11-10 2008-05-14 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Herstellung von mikromechanischer mehrschichtiger Bauteile aus Silizium
DE102008012825B4 (de) * 2007-04-02 2011-08-25 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V., 80686 Mikromechanisches Bauelement mit verkippten Elektroden
EP2112567B1 (de) * 2008-04-21 2016-07-13 Rolex Sa Getriebe mit Spielkompensation für Uhrmechanismus

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4386487A3 (de) * 2011-10-24 2024-08-07 Rolex Sa Oszillator für uhrwerk

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US7926355B2 (en) 2011-04-19
DE602008003097D1 (de) 2010-12-02
CN101566826B (zh) 2014-11-26
JP2009265097A (ja) 2009-11-12
CN101566826A (zh) 2009-10-28
HK1133931A1 (en) 2010-04-09
JP5451162B2 (ja) 2014-03-26
EP2112565A1 (de) 2009-10-28
US20090263182A1 (en) 2009-10-22

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