EP2112454A2 - Launcher - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP2112454A2
EP2112454A2 EP09003996A EP09003996A EP2112454A2 EP 2112454 A2 EP2112454 A2 EP 2112454A2 EP 09003996 A EP09003996 A EP 09003996A EP 09003996 A EP09003996 A EP 09003996A EP 2112454 A2 EP2112454 A2 EP 2112454A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
storage container
cylinder
starting device
closure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP09003996A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2112454B1 (en
EP2112454A3 (en
Inventor
Uwe Gehring
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems GmbH
Original Assignee
Howaldtswerke Deutsche Werft GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Howaldtswerke Deutsche Werft GmbH filed Critical Howaldtswerke Deutsche Werft GmbH
Priority to PL09003996T priority Critical patent/PL2112454T3/en
Publication of EP2112454A2 publication Critical patent/EP2112454A2/en
Publication of EP2112454A3 publication Critical patent/EP2112454A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2112454B1 publication Critical patent/EP2112454B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41F—APPARATUS FOR LAUNCHING PROJECTILES OR MISSILES FROM BARRELS, e.g. CANNONS; LAUNCHERS FOR ROCKETS OR TORPEDOES; HARPOON GUNS
    • F41F3/00—Rocket or torpedo launchers
    • F41F3/08—Rocket or torpedo launchers for marine torpedoes
    • F41F3/10—Rocket or torpedo launchers for marine torpedoes from below the surface of the water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/28—Arrangement of offensive or defensive equipment
    • B63G8/32—Arrangement of offensive or defensive equipment of torpedo-launching means; of torpedo stores or handlers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a starting device for immersion bodies with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Devices of the type in question are usually arranged in modern submarines in a region between the pressure hull and an outer skin which sheaths this pressure hull, preferably in the area of the upper deck.
  • immersion bodies e.g. Torpedo defense effectors stored in tubular storage containers.
  • the immersion bodies in the storage containers for protection against corrosion and other environmental influences are usually in a protective means such.
  • Embedded glycol e.g. Tetrahydrol.
  • these devices also serve to start the immersion bodies, which are expelled for this purpose by suitable means from the outlet openings of the storage container.
  • a piston-cylinder arrangement is known in which on a piston guided in a cylinder, a driver engaging on the immersion body is arranged. The cylinder is acted upon by a pressure medium, whereby the piston and, consequently, the immersion body is moved out of the storage container.
  • occlusion closure which is usually a hinged lid open.
  • the starting device according to the invention for immersion bodies is arranged outside a pressure hull of a submarine and preferably in the region of its upper deck. It has at least one storage container which is closed on the outside by an orifice closure for the purpose of supporting an immersion body and means for ejecting the immersion body from the storage container. According to the invention, the starting device has means for ejecting the immersion body, which are designed such that they also serve to open the mouth closure.
  • the basic idea of the invention is therefore to provide a functional integration in the means for ejecting the immersion body, which makes it possible to eject both the immersion body from the storage container and the opening of the storage container to close the mouth closure before the ejection of the immersion body ,
  • a movement of the means for ejecting the immersion body which takes place when the immersion body is ejected from the storage container, is expediently also used to open the mouth closure.
  • the invention preferably provides a piston-cylinder arrangement in which a motion-coupled with the plunger piston or cylinder is movable against the mouth closure. That is, according to the invention by pressurizing a cylinder chamber of the cylinder in a rigidly arranged cylinder movable therein movable piston or a movably guided cylinder movable in a rigidly arranged piston, wherein the movement coupling of the movable piston or cylinder with the immersion body preferably via a on the Piston or cylinder arranged driver, which acts on the immersion body, takes place.
  • the orifice closure By moving the piston or cylinder against the orifice closure, depending on its configuration, the orifice closure is either moved to a position releasing the outlet or destroyed by the piston or cylinder.
  • the piston or cylinder motion-coupled with the immersion body is designed and / or arranged such that it opens the mouth closure before the immersion body has reached the outlet opening of the storage container.
  • the mouth closure of the storage container can advantageously be formed by a pivotable lid.
  • This cover is preferably hinged to the storage container.
  • the articulation of the cover is expediently such that the cover pivots outwardly, ie from the storage container in the ejection direction of the immersion body, into a position which preferably completely releases the opening cross section of the outlet opening.
  • the Linkage of the lid particularly advantageous in a common plane with a central axis of the piston or cylinder moved against the inside of the lid, wherein the articulation of the lid is arranged on a side remote from the plunger body side of this piston or cylinder.
  • the cover closing the outlet opening of the storage container is spring-biased in the closing direction.
  • at least one spring is provided, which closes the lid again after the immersion body has left the storage container. In this way it can be prevented that an excessive amount of seawater in the storage container and / or in the space between the pressure hull and the outer skin of the submarine, in which the storage container is arranged, can flow.
  • the type of spring used to close the lid is basically arbitrary.
  • this spring may be formed, for example, as a tension or compression spring.
  • means for reducing the frictional resistance are advantageously arranged on a end of the piston or cylinder contacting the cover.
  • These means for reducing the frictional resistance may, for example, be sliding elements or rollers which ensure that the piston or cylinder can slide or roll along the inside of the pivoting cover substantially without wear.
  • a membrane forms the mouth closure of the storage container. Accordingly, a membrane is provided which seals the entire outlet opening in a liquid-tight manner.
  • the use of a membrane as a muzzle closure is possible if the immersion body is embedded in the storage container for protection against corrosion and other environmental influences in a protective means and the interior of the storage container is to be regarded as substantially pressure-balanced to its seawater environment.
  • the mouth closure is formed by a membrane
  • a piston or cylinder of a piston-cylinder arrangement moved against the membrane destroys this membrane and releases a sufficiently large outlet opening for the ejection body to be ejected.
  • the piston or cylinder moved against the diaphragm is advantageously coupled in motion with at least one cutting tool which cuts the diaphragm before the immersion body reaches the outlet opening.
  • this cutting tool is arranged directly on the lid contacting the end of the piston or cylinder.
  • the in the Fig. 1 and 2 schematically illustrated starting device for immersion bodies has a storage container 2.
  • the cross section of the storage container 2 is basically arbitrary, but preferably the storage container 2 is tubular in shape.
  • the storage container 2 serves to receive a submersible body 4, which is arranged in the storage container 2 in a frame, not shown in the figures.
  • an end plate 6 is arranged at the rear end 18 of the immersion body 4 facing end side of the storage container 2, wherein the opening 7 is optionally closed with a lid.
  • the end plate 6 has a recess 8. Through this recess 8, a piston-cylinder assembly 10 is guided, so that a portion of this piston-cylinder assembly 10 extends into the interior of the storage container 2.
  • the piston-cylinder assembly 10 is made from a cylinder 12 in which a piston 14 is movably guided.
  • the cylinder 12 and the piston 14 guided therein are arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the immersion body 4 in the storage container 2.
  • the cylinder 12 On its side facing the immersion body 4, the cylinder 12 has a longitudinal slot in a section arranged in the storage container 2, which preferably extends as far as its end face arranged in the storage container 2. In this longitudinal slot a arranged on the piston 14 driver 16 is guided, which engages the immersion body 4 in the region of its stern 18.
  • the end face of the storage container 2 opposite the end plate 6 forms an outlet opening 20 for ejecting the immersion body 4 from the storage container 2.
  • This outlet opening 20 is closed by a cover 22.
  • the lid 22 is pivotally mounted on a hinge 24 disposed on the outside of the storage container 2 about a pivot axis A, which is arranged in a common plane with the outlet opening 20.
  • the pivot axis A is aligned transversely to the longitudinal extent of the piston-cylinder assembly 10 and arranged at the side facing away from the plunger 4 side of the piston-cylinder assembly 10 spaced therefrom.
  • the piston 14 of the piston-cylinder arrangement 10 is arranged such that its end projecting out of the cylinder 12 in the storage container 2 has a smaller distance to the inside of the cover 22 than the head of the immersion body 4.
  • the protruding from the cylinder 12 end of the piston 14 is rounded or provided with rotating elements such as rollers or a wheel.
  • a cylinder chamber 26 located behind the piston 14 in the discharge direction of the immersion body 4 is preferably pressurized hydraulically.
  • the thereby acting on a cylinder chamber 26 delimiting end face 28 of the piston 14 acting compressive force moves the piston 14 with the motion-coupled thereto via the driver 16 immersion body 4 in the direction of the lid 22.
  • the piston 14 contacts the lid 22 and pivots it into an outlet opening 20th the storage container 2 releasing position before the immersion body 4 reaches the outlet opening 20. Subsequently, the piston 14 and the plunger 4 are completely ejected from the storage container 2.
  • the cover 22 is biased such that the spring force exerted by this spring the cover 22, after it has passed through the piston 14 and the plunger 4, again moved back into a position closing the outlet 20 position.
  • the in the Fig. 3 illustrated embodiment of the starting device according to the invention for immersion body 4 corresponds in many components in the Fig. 1 2 embodiment shown. Therefore, in the following, only the differences of the starting device after Fig. 3 opposite the starting device after the Fig. 1 and 2 received.
  • the outlet closure 20 closing the muzzle closure formed by the storage container 2 is formed by an over-tensioned membrane 30 which completely closes the outlet opening 20.
  • the use of the membrane 30 as a mouth closure is possible insofar as the free interior of the storage container 2 is completely filled with a liquid protective agent, which is preferably glycol. This results in a pressure equilibrium on the membrane 30, regardless of the depth of the submarine.
  • the membrane 30 is destroyed.
  • at least one cutting tool 32 is arranged on the protruding from the cylinder 12 end of the piston 14 ', which cuts the membrane 30 when it touches it in the extension movement of the piston 14' cuts.
  • the Fig. 4 to 7 show exemplary possible arrangements and configurations of cutting tools 32 on the piston 14 '. So show the 4 and 5 a cutting tool 32 'disposed at the free end of the piston 14'.
  • the cutting tool 32 ' is arranged on the piston 14' such that a cutting edge 34 'in the ejection direction of the piston 14' obliquely faces forward.
  • the cutting tool 32' forms a point 36 ', with which the membrane 32 can be pierced and subsequently cut with the cutting edge 34' over a large length.
  • Fig. 6 shows an arrangement of two cutting tools 32 'on the piston 14'. In this case, the cutting edges 34 'in a cross-sectional plane of the piston 14' obliquely aligned with each other approximately V-shaped.
  • Fig. 7 Finally, a cutting tool 32 '' in the form of a triangular blade is shown, in which a tip 36 "in the ejection direction of the piston 14 'and a to the tip 36" subsequent cutting edge 32 "is aligned obliquely to this ejection direction of the piston 14'.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

The device has a storage container (2) that is closed from outside from an outlet closure, for storing an immersed body (4), and an extruding unit for extruding the immersed body from the container even during opening of the closure. A piston (14) or a cylinder (12) is movable against the closure by a piston-cylinder arrangement (10), where the piston is movably coupled with the immersed body. A cover (22) is hinged at the storage container. The cover is elastically prestressed in a closing direction. The piston is coupled with a cutting tool.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Startvorrichtung für Tauchkörper mit den im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmalen.The invention relates to a starting device for immersion bodies with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.

Vorrichtungen der in Rede stehenden Art sind in modernen Unterseebooten üblicherweise in einem Bereich zwischen Druckkörper und einer diesen Druckkörper ummantelnden Außenhaut, vorzugsweise im Bereich des Oberdecks angeordnet. In diesen Vorrichtungen werden Tauchkörper, wie z.B. Effektoren zur Torpedoabwehr, in rohrförmigen Lagerungsbehältern gelagert. Hierbei sind die Tauchkörper in den Lagerungsbehöltern zum Schutz vor Korrosion und anderen Umwelteinflüssen in der Regel in einem Schutzmittel wie z.B. Glykol eingebettet.Devices of the type in question are usually arranged in modern submarines in a region between the pressure hull and an outer skin which sheaths this pressure hull, preferably in the area of the upper deck. In these devices, immersion bodies, e.g. Torpedo defense effectors stored in tubular storage containers. Here, the immersion bodies in the storage containers for protection against corrosion and other environmental influences are usually in a protective means such. Embedded glycol.

Gleichzeitig dienen diese Vorrichtungen auch zum Starten der Tauchkörper, die zu diesem Zweck mit geeigneten Mitteln aus den Auslassöffnungen der Lagerungsbehälter ausgestoßen werden. Zum Ausstoßen eines Tauchkörpers ist beispielsweise aus DE 41 26 064 C1 eine Kolben-Zylinder-Anordnung bekannt, bei der an einem in einem Zylinder geführten Kolben ein an dem Tauchkörper angreifender Mitnehmer angeordnet ist. Der Zylinder wird mit einem Druckmedium beaufschlagt, wodurch der Kolben und damit einhergehend der Tauchkörper aus dem Lagerungsbehälter bewegt wird. Zuvor ist es allerdings erforderlich, einen die Auslassöffnung bzw. Mündung des Lagerungsbehälters verschließenden Mündungsverschluss, bei dem es sich in der Regel um einen schwenkbaren Deckel handelt, zu öffnen. Als Nachteil bei den bislang bekannten Vorrichtungen zum Starten von Tauchkörpern erweist sich der große konstruktive Aufwand und die hohen Herstellungskosten.At the same time, these devices also serve to start the immersion bodies, which are expelled for this purpose by suitable means from the outlet openings of the storage container. For ejecting a submersible is, for example DE 41 26 064 C1 a piston-cylinder arrangement is known in which on a piston guided in a cylinder, a driver engaging on the immersion body is arranged. The cylinder is acted upon by a pressure medium, whereby the piston and, consequently, the immersion body is moved out of the storage container. Previously, however, it is necessary to open the outlet opening or mouth of the storage container occlusion closure, which is usually a hinged lid open. A disadvantage of the previously known devices for starting submersibles proves the great design effort and high production costs.

Vor diesem Hintergrund ist es die Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine gegenüber dem Stand der Technik konstruktiv vereinfachte Vorrichtung für das Lagern und das Ausbringen von zumindest einem Tauchkörper zu schaffen, die ein zuverlässiges Ausbringen des Tauchkörpers ermöglicht.Against this background, it is the object of the invention to provide a constructively simplified compared to the prior art device for the storage and dispensing of at least one immersion body, which allows a reliable deployment of the immersion body.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch eine Startvorrichtung für Tauchkörper mit den in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen, der nachfolgenden Beschreibung sowie der Zeichnung.This object is achieved by a starting device for immersion bodies with the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the following description and the drawings.

Die erfindungsgemäße Startvorrichtung für Tauchkörper ist außerhalb eines Druckkörpers eines Unterseeboots und bevorzugt im Bereich dessen Oberdecks angeordnet. Sie weist zumindest einen von einem Mündungsverschluss außenseitig verschlossenen Lagerungsbehälter zur Lagerung eines Tauchkörpers und Mittel zum Ausstoßen des Tauchkörpers aus dem Lagerungsbehälter auf. Erfindungsgemäß weist die Startvorrichtung Mittel zum Ausstoßen des Tauchkörpers auf, die so ausgebildet sind, dass sie auch zum Öffnen des Mündungsverschlusses dienen.The starting device according to the invention for immersion bodies is arranged outside a pressure hull of a submarine and preferably in the region of its upper deck. It has at least one storage container which is closed on the outside by an orifice closure for the purpose of supporting an immersion body and means for ejecting the immersion body from the storage container. According to the invention, the starting device has means for ejecting the immersion body, which are designed such that they also serve to open the mouth closure.

Grundidee der Erfindung ist es also, bei den Mitteln zum Ausstoßen des Tauchkörpers eine Funktionsintegration zu schaffen, die es ermöglicht, mit diesen Mitteln sowohl den Tauchkörper aus dem Lagerungsbehölter auszustoßen, als auch den die Auslassöffnung des Lagerungsbehälters verschließenden Mündungsverschluss vor dem Ausstoßen des Tauchkörpers zu öffnen. Hierzu wird zweckmäßigerweise eine beim Ausstoßen des Tauchkörpers aus dem Lagerungsbehälter erfolgende Bewegung der Mittel zum Ausstoßen des Tauchkörpers auch zum Öffnen des Mündungsverschlusses genutzt. Aufgrund dieser Funktionsintegration ist bei der erfindungsgemäßen Startvorrichtung im Gegensatz zu den bislang bekannten Vorrichtungen dieser Art keine separate, allein für das Öffnen des Mündungsverschlusses vorgesehene Einrichtung erforderlich. Dementsprechend weniger Bauteile werden zur Schaffung der erfindungsgemäßen Startvorrichtung benötigt, was zu einem deutlich verringerten Herstellungsaufwand und damit einhergehend zu deutlich verringerten Herstellungskosten führt.The basic idea of the invention is therefore to provide a functional integration in the means for ejecting the immersion body, which makes it possible to eject both the immersion body from the storage container and the opening of the storage container to close the mouth closure before the ejection of the immersion body , For this purpose, a movement of the means for ejecting the immersion body, which takes place when the immersion body is ejected from the storage container, is expediently also used to open the mouth closure. Because of this functional integration is in the starting device according to the invention, in contrast to the previously known devices of this kind no separate, solely for opening the muzzle closure provided device required. Accordingly, fewer components are needed to create the starting device according to the invention, resulting in a significantly reduced manufacturing costs and, consequently, significantly reduced manufacturing costs.

Als Mittel zum Ausstoßen des Tauchkörpers sieht die Erfindung bevorzugt eine Kolben-Zylinder-Anordnung vor, bei der ein mit dem Tauchkörper bewegungsgekoppelter Kolben oder Zylinder gegen den Mündungsverschluss bewegbar ist. D.h., erfindungsgemäß ist durch Druckbeaufschlagung einer Zylinderkammer des Zylinders bei einem starr angeordneten Zylinder ein darin beweglich geführter Kolben bewegbar oder bei einem starr angeordneten Kolben ein beweglich geführter Zylinder bewegbar, wobei die Bewegungskopplung des bewegbaren Kolbens bzw. Zylinders mit dem Tauchkörper vorzugsweise über einen an dem Kolben bzw. Zylinder angeordneten Mitnehmer, der an dem Tauchkörper angreift, erfolgt. Indem der Kolben bzw. Zylinder gegen den Mündungsverschluss bewegt wird, wird der Mündungsverschluss in Abhängigkeit von seiner Ausgestaltung entweder in eine die Auslassöffnung freigebende Stellung bewegt oder von dem Kolben bzw. Zylinder zerstört. Typischerweise ist der mit dem Tauchkörper bewegungsgekoppelte Kolben bzw. Zylinder derart ausgebildet und/oder angeordnet, dass er den Mündungsverschluss öffnet, bevor der Tauchkörper die Auslassöffnung des Lagerungsbehälters erreicht hat.As a means for ejecting the immersion body, the invention preferably provides a piston-cylinder arrangement in which a motion-coupled with the plunger piston or cylinder is movable against the mouth closure. That is, according to the invention by pressurizing a cylinder chamber of the cylinder in a rigidly arranged cylinder movable therein movable piston or a movably guided cylinder movable in a rigidly arranged piston, wherein the movement coupling of the movable piston or cylinder with the immersion body preferably via a on the Piston or cylinder arranged driver, which acts on the immersion body, takes place. By moving the piston or cylinder against the orifice closure, depending on its configuration, the orifice closure is either moved to a position releasing the outlet or destroyed by the piston or cylinder. Typically, the piston or cylinder motion-coupled with the immersion body is designed and / or arranged such that it opens the mouth closure before the immersion body has reached the outlet opening of the storage container.

Der Mündungsverschluss des Lagerungsbehälters kann vorteilhaft von einem schwenkbaren Deckel gebildet werden. Dieser Deckel ist bevorzugt an dem Lagerungsbehälter angelenkt. Die Anlenkung des Deckels ist zweckmäßigerweise derart, dass der Deckel nach außen, also von dem Lagerungsbehälter in Ausstoßrichtung des Tauchkörpers weg in eine den Öffnungsquerschnitt der Auslassöffnung vorzugsweise vollständig freigebende Stellung schwenkt. Zu diesem Zweck erfolgt die Anlenkung des Deckels besonders vorteilhaft in einer gemeinsamen Ebene mit einer Mittelachse des gegen die Innenseite des Deckels bewegten Kolbens bzw. Zylinders, wobei die Anlenkung des Deckels an einer von dem Tauchkörper abgewandten Seite dieses Kolbens bzw. Zylinders angeordnet ist.The mouth closure of the storage container can advantageously be formed by a pivotable lid. This cover is preferably hinged to the storage container. The articulation of the cover is expediently such that the cover pivots outwardly, ie from the storage container in the ejection direction of the immersion body, into a position which preferably completely releases the opening cross section of the outlet opening. For this purpose, the Linkage of the lid particularly advantageous in a common plane with a central axis of the piston or cylinder moved against the inside of the lid, wherein the articulation of the lid is arranged on a side remote from the plunger body side of this piston or cylinder.

Zweckmäßigerweise ist der die Auslassöffnung des Lagerungsbehälters verschließende Deckel in Schließrichtung federvorgespannt. Es ist also zumindest eine Feder vorgesehen, die den Deckel, nachdem der Tauchkörper den Lagerungsbehälter verlassen hat, wieder verschließt. Auf diese Weise kann verhindert werden, dass eine allzu große Menge Seewasser in den Lagerungsbehälter und/oder in den Zwischenraum zwischen Druckkörper und Außenhaut des Unterseeboots, in dem der Lagerungsbehälter angeordnet ist, einströmen kann. Die Art der zum Verschließen des Deckels verwendeten Feder ist grundsätzlich beliebig. So kann diese Feder beispielsweise als Zug- oder Druckfeder ausgebildet sein. Besonders vorteilhaft ist allerdings die Verwendung einer Torsionsfeder, die mit einem nicht beweglichen Teil eines Gelenks, an dem der Deckel schwenkbar angelenkt ist, und mit dem Deckel verbunden ist.Conveniently, the cover closing the outlet opening of the storage container is spring-biased in the closing direction. Thus, at least one spring is provided, which closes the lid again after the immersion body has left the storage container. In this way it can be prevented that an excessive amount of seawater in the storage container and / or in the space between the pressure hull and the outer skin of the submarine, in which the storage container is arranged, can flow. The type of spring used to close the lid is basically arbitrary. Thus, this spring may be formed, for example, as a tension or compression spring. Particularly advantageous, however, is the use of a torsion spring, which is connected to a non-movable part of a joint on which the lid is pivotally connected, and to the lid.

Um bei dem Kontakt des Kolbens bzw. Zylinders mit dem Deckel eine Beschädigung des Deckels und/oder des Kolbens bzw. Zylinders zu verhindern, sind an einem den Deckel kontaktierenden Ende des Kolbens oder Zylinders vorteilhafterweise Mittel zur Verringerung des Reibungswiderstands angeordnet. Bei diesen Mitteln zur Verringerung des Reibungswiderstands kann es sich z.B. um Gleitelemente oder Rollen handeln, die dafür sorgen, dass der Kolben bzw. Zylinder im Wesentlichen verschleißfrei entlang der Innenseite des aufschwenkenden Deckels gleiten oder rollen kann.In order to prevent damage to the cover and / or the piston or cylinder during contact of the piston or cylinder with the cover, means for reducing the frictional resistance are advantageously arranged on a end of the piston or cylinder contacting the cover. These means for reducing the frictional resistance may, for example, be sliding elements or rollers which ensure that the piston or cylinder can slide or roll along the inside of the pivoting cover substantially without wear.

In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Startvorrichtung bildet eine Membran den Mündungsverschluss des Lagerungsbehälters. Dementsprechend ist eine Membran vorgesehen, die die gesamte Auslassöffnung flüssigkeitsdicht verschließt. Die Verwendung einer Membran als Mündungsverschluss ist dann möglich, wenn der Tauchkörper in dem Lagerungsbehälter zum Schutz vor Korrosion und anderen Umwelteinflüssen in einem Schutzmittel eingebettet ist und das Innere des Lagerungsbehälters insofern als im Wesentlichen druckausgeglichen zu seiner Seewasserumgebung anzusehen ist.In a further advantageous embodiment of the starting device according to the invention, a membrane forms the mouth closure of the storage container. Accordingly, a membrane is provided which seals the entire outlet opening in a liquid-tight manner. The use of a membrane as a muzzle closure is possible if the immersion body is embedded in the storage container for protection against corrosion and other environmental influences in a protective means and the interior of the storage container is to be regarded as substantially pressure-balanced to its seawater environment.

Wird der Mündungsverschluss von einer Membran gebildet, ist zweckmäßigerweise vorgesehen, dass ein gegen die Membran bewegter Kolben bzw. Zylinder einer Kolben-Zylinder-Anordnung diese Membran zerstört und eine ausreichend große Auslassöffnung für den auszustoßenden Tauchkörper frei gibt. Um dies sicherzustellen, ist der gegen die Membran bewegte Kolben bzw. Zylinder vorteilhaft mit zumindest einem Schneidwerkzeug bewegungsgekoppelt, das die Membran zerschneidet, bevor der Tauchkörper die Auslassöffnung erreicht. Bevorzugt ist dieses Schneidwerkzeug direkt an dem den Deckel kontaktierenden Ende des Kolbens bzw. Zylinders angeordnet.If the mouth closure is formed by a membrane, it is expediently provided that a piston or cylinder of a piston-cylinder arrangement moved against the membrane destroys this membrane and releases a sufficiently large outlet opening for the ejection body to be ejected. To ensure this, the piston or cylinder moved against the diaphragm is advantageously coupled in motion with at least one cutting tool which cuts the diaphragm before the immersion body reaches the outlet opening. Preferably, this cutting tool is arranged directly on the lid contacting the end of the piston or cylinder.

Nachfolgend ist die Erfindung anhand von in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen:

Fig. 1
in einer schematischen Prinzipskizze eine erste Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Startvorrichtung für Tauchkörper,
Fig. 2
in einer schematischen Prinzipskizze die Startvorrichtung nach Fig. 1 mit einem geöffneten Mündungsverschluss,
Fig. 3
in einer schematischen Prinzipskizze eine weitere Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Startvorrichtung für Tauchkörper
Fig. 4
eine schematisch dargestellte Anordnung eines Schneidwerkzeugs an einem Kolben in einer Seitenansicht,
Fig. 5
die Anordnung nach Fig. 4in einer Querschnittsansicht,
Fig. 6
eine schematisch dargestellte Anordnung zweier Schneidwerkzeuge an einem Kolben in einer Querschnittsansicht und
Fig. 7
eine schematisch dargestellte Anordnung eines weiteren Schneidwerkzeugs an einem Kolben in einer Seitenansicht.
The invention is explained in more detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawing. In the drawing show:
Fig. 1
in a schematic schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the starting device according to the invention for immersion bodies,
Fig. 2
in a schematic schematic diagram of the starting device after Fig. 1 with an open mouth closure,
Fig. 3
in a schematic schematic diagram of another embodiment of the starting device according to the invention for immersion bodies
Fig. 4
a schematically illustrated arrangement of a cutting tool on a piston in a side view,
Fig. 5
the arrangement after Fig. 4 in a cross-sectional view,
Fig. 6
a schematically illustrated arrangement of two cutting tools on a piston in a cross-sectional view and
Fig. 7
a schematically illustrated arrangement of another cutting tool on a piston in a side view.

Die in den Fig. 1 und 2 schematisch dargestellte Startvorrichtung für Tauchkörper weist einen Lagerungsbehälter 2 auf. Der Querschnitt des Lagerungsbehälters 2 ist grundsätzlich beliebig, bevorzugt ist der Lagerungsbehälter 2 allerdings rohrförmig rund ausgebildet. Der Lagerungsbehälter 2 dient zur Aufnahme eines Tauchkörpers 4, der in dem Lagerungsbehälter 2 in einem in den Figuren nicht dargestellten Gestell angeordnet ist.The in the Fig. 1 and 2 schematically illustrated starting device for immersion bodies has a storage container 2. The cross section of the storage container 2 is basically arbitrary, but preferably the storage container 2 is tubular in shape. The storage container 2 serves to receive a submersible body 4, which is arranged in the storage container 2 in a frame, not shown in the figures.

An der dem Heck 18 des Tauchkörpers 4 zugewandte Stirnseite des Lagerungsbehälters 2 ist eine Endplatte 6 angeordnet. Diese Endplatte 6 weist eine Öffnung 7 zu dem Innenraum des Lagerungsbehälters 2 auf, wobei die Öffnung 7 ggf. mit einem Deckel verschließbar ist. Darüber hinaus weist die Endplatte 6 eine Ausnehmung 8 auf. Durch diese Ausnehmung 8 ist eine Kolben-Zylinder-Anordnung 10 geführt, so dass sich ein Abschnitt dieser Kolben-Zylinder-Anordnung 10 in das Innere des Lagerungsbehälters 2 erstreckt. Die Kolben-Zylinder-Anordnung 10 besteht aus einem Zylinder 12, in dem ein Kolben 14 beweglich geführt ist. Der Zylinder 12 und der darin geführte Kolben 14 sind in dem Lagerungsbehülter 2 parallel und beabstandet zu dem Tauchkörper 4 angeordnet.At the rear end 18 of the immersion body 4 facing end side of the storage container 2, an end plate 6 is arranged. This end plate 6 has an opening 7 to the interior of the storage container 2, wherein the opening 7 is optionally closed with a lid. In addition, the end plate 6 has a recess 8. Through this recess 8, a piston-cylinder assembly 10 is guided, so that a portion of this piston-cylinder assembly 10 extends into the interior of the storage container 2. The piston-cylinder assembly 10 is made from a cylinder 12 in which a piston 14 is movably guided. The cylinder 12 and the piston 14 guided therein are arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the immersion body 4 in the storage container 2.

An seiner dem Tauchkörper 4 zugewandten Seite weist der Zylinder 12 in einem in dem Lagerungsbehälter 2 angeordneten Abschnitt einen Längsschlitz auf, der sich bevorzugt bis zu seiner in dem Lagerungsbehälter 2 angeordneten Stirnseite erstreckt. In diesem Längsschlitz ist ein an dem Kolben 14 angeordneter Mitnehmer 16 geführt, der an dem Tauchkörper 4 im Bereich seines Hecks 18 angreift.On its side facing the immersion body 4, the cylinder 12 has a longitudinal slot in a section arranged in the storage container 2, which preferably extends as far as its end face arranged in the storage container 2. In this longitudinal slot a arranged on the piston 14 driver 16 is guided, which engages the immersion body 4 in the region of its stern 18.

Die der Endplatte 6 gegenüberliegende Stirnseite des Lagerungsbehälters 2 bildet eine Auslassöffnung 20 zum Ausstoßen des Tauchkörpers 4 aus dem Lagerungsbehälter 2. Diese Auslassöffnung 20 wird von einem Deckel 22 verschlossen. Der Deckel 22 ist an einem außenseitig des Lagerungsbehälters 2 angeordneten Gelenk 24 um eine Schwenkachse A, die in einer gemeinsamen Ebene mit der Auslassöffnung 20 angeordnet ist, schwenkbar gelagert. Die Schwenkachse A ist quer zur Längsausdehnung der Kolben-Zylinder-Anordnung 10 ausgerichtet und an der von dem Tauchkörper 4 abgewandten Seite der Kolben-Zylinder-Anordnung 10 beabstandet von dieser angeordnet.The end face of the storage container 2 opposite the end plate 6 forms an outlet opening 20 for ejecting the immersion body 4 from the storage container 2. This outlet opening 20 is closed by a cover 22. The lid 22 is pivotally mounted on a hinge 24 disposed on the outside of the storage container 2 about a pivot axis A, which is arranged in a common plane with the outlet opening 20. The pivot axis A is aligned transversely to the longitudinal extent of the piston-cylinder assembly 10 and arranged at the side facing away from the plunger 4 side of the piston-cylinder assembly 10 spaced therefrom.

Der Kolben 14 der Kolben-Zylinder-Anordnung 10 ist derart angeordnet, dass sein in dem Lagerungsbehälter 2 aus dem Zylinder 12 herausragendes Ende einen geringeren Abstand zu der Innenseite des Deckels 22, als der Kopf des Tauchkörpers 4 aufweist. Um den Deckel 22 reibungsarm zu öffnen, ist das aus dem Zylinder 12 herausragende Ende des Kolbens 14 abgerundet ausgebildet oder mit rotierenden Elementen wie z.B. Rollen oder einen Rad versehen.The piston 14 of the piston-cylinder arrangement 10 is arranged such that its end projecting out of the cylinder 12 in the storage container 2 has a smaller distance to the inside of the cover 22 than the head of the immersion body 4. In order to open the cover 22 with low friction, the protruding from the cylinder 12 end of the piston 14 is rounded or provided with rotating elements such as rollers or a wheel.

Soll der Tauchkörper 4 aus dem Lagerungsbehölter 2 ausgestoßen werden, wird eine in Ausstoßrichtung des Tauchkörpers 4 hinter dem Kolben 14 befindliche Zylinderkammer 26 vorzugsweise hydraulisch druckbeaufschlagt. Die hierdurch auf eine die Zylinderkammer 26 begrenzende Stirnfläche 28 des Kolbens 14 wirkende Druckkraft bewegt den Kolben 14 mit dem damit über den Mitnehmer 16 bewegungsgekoppelten Tauchkörper 4 in Richtung des Deckels 22. Der Kolben 14 kontaktiert den Deckel 22 und verschwenkt ihn in eine die Auslassöffnung 20 des Lagerungsbehälters 2 freigebende Stellung, bevor der Tauchkörper 4 die Auslassöffnung 20 erreicht. Anschließend werden der Kolben 14 und der Tauchkörper 4 vollständig aus dem Lagerungsbehälter 2 ausgestoßen. Mit einer in den Fig. 1 und 2 nicht dargestellten Feder ist der Deckel 22 derart vorgespannt, dass die von dieser Feder ausgeübte Federkraft den Deckel 22, nachdem ihn der Kolben 14 und der Tauchkörper 4 passiert haben, wieder in eine die Auslassöffnung 20 verschließende Stellung zurückbewegt.If the immersion body 4 are to be ejected from the storage container 2, a cylinder chamber 26 located behind the piston 14 in the discharge direction of the immersion body 4 is preferably pressurized hydraulically. The thereby acting on a cylinder chamber 26 delimiting end face 28 of the piston 14 acting compressive force moves the piston 14 with the motion-coupled thereto via the driver 16 immersion body 4 in the direction of the lid 22. The piston 14 contacts the lid 22 and pivots it into an outlet opening 20th the storage container 2 releasing position before the immersion body 4 reaches the outlet opening 20. Subsequently, the piston 14 and the plunger 4 are completely ejected from the storage container 2. With one in the Fig. 1 and 2 spring, not shown, the cover 22 is biased such that the spring force exerted by this spring the cover 22, after it has passed through the piston 14 and the plunger 4, again moved back into a position closing the outlet 20 position.

Die in der Fig. 3 dargestellte Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Startvorrichtung für Tauchkörper 4 entspricht in vielen Bestandteilen dem in den Fig. 1 un 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel. Daher wird im Folgenden nur auf die Unterschiede der Startvorrichtung nach Fig. 3 gegenüber der Startvorrichtung nach den Fig. 1 und 2 eingegangen.The in the Fig. 3 illustrated embodiment of the starting device according to the invention for immersion body 4 corresponds in many components in the Fig. 1 2 embodiment shown. Therefore, in the following, only the differences of the starting device after Fig. 3 opposite the starting device after the Fig. 1 and 2 received.

Bei der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Startvorrichtung wird der die an dem Lagerungsbehälter 2 ausgebildete Auslassöffnung 20 verschließende Mündungsverschluss von einer darüber gespannten Membran 30 gebildet, die die Auslassöffnung 20 vollständig verschließt. Die Verwendung der Membran 30 als Mündungsverschluss ist insofern möglich, als der freie Innenraum des Lagerungsbehälters 2 vollständig mit einem flüssigen Schutzmittel, bei dem es sich bevorzugt um Glykol handelt, aufgefüllt ist. Hierdurch entsteht an der Membran 30 unabhängig von der Tauchtiefe des Unterseeboots ein Druckgleichgewicht.At the in Fig. 3 1, the outlet closure 20 closing the muzzle closure formed by the storage container 2 is formed by an over-tensioned membrane 30 which completely closes the outlet opening 20. The use of the membrane 30 as a mouth closure is possible insofar as the free interior of the storage container 2 is completely filled with a liquid protective agent, which is preferably glycol. This results in a pressure equilibrium on the membrane 30, regardless of the depth of the submarine.

Zum Auslassen des Tauchkörpers 4 wird die Membran 30 zerstört. Hierzu ist an dem aus dem Zylinder 12 herausragenden Ende des Kolbens 14' zumindest ein Schneidwerkzeug 32 angeordnet, das die Membran 30, wenn es sie bei der Ausfahrbewegung des Kolbens 14' berührt, zerschneidet. Die Fig. 4 bis 7 zeigen beispielhaft mögliche Anordnungen und Ausgestaltungen von Schneidwerkzeugen 32 an dem Kolben 14'. So zeigen die Fig. 4 und 5 ein an dem freien Ende des Kolbens 14' angeordnetes Schneidwerkzeug 32'. Das Schneidwerkzeug 32' ist an dem Kolben 14' derart angeordnet, dass eine Schneidkante 34' in Ausstoßrichtung des Kolbens 14' schräg nach vorne weist. An der Schneidkante 34' bildet das Schneidwerkzeug 32' eine Spitze 36', mit der die Membran 32 durchstochen und anschließend mit der Schneidkante 34' über eine große Länge zerschnitten werden kann. Fig. 6 zeigt eine Anordnung von zwei Schneidwerkzeugen 32' an dem Kolben 14'. Hierbei sind die Schneidkanten 34' in einer Querschnittsebene des Kolbens 14' schräg zueinander etwa V-förmig ausgerichtet. In Fig. 7 ist schließlich ein Schneidwerkzeug 32'' in Form einer dreieckigen Klinge dargestellt, bei dem eine Spitze 36" in Ausstoßrichtung des Kolbens 14' weist und eine sich an die Spitze 36" anschließende Schneidkante 32" schräg zu dieser Ausstoßrichtung des Kolbens 14' ausgerichtet ist.To omit the immersion body 4, the membrane 30 is destroyed. For this purpose, at least one cutting tool 32 is arranged on the protruding from the cylinder 12 end of the piston 14 ', which cuts the membrane 30 when it touches it in the extension movement of the piston 14' cuts. The Fig. 4 to 7 show exemplary possible arrangements and configurations of cutting tools 32 on the piston 14 '. So show the 4 and 5 a cutting tool 32 'disposed at the free end of the piston 14'. The cutting tool 32 'is arranged on the piston 14' such that a cutting edge 34 'in the ejection direction of the piston 14' obliquely faces forward. At the cutting edge 34 ', the cutting tool 32' forms a point 36 ', with which the membrane 32 can be pierced and subsequently cut with the cutting edge 34' over a large length. Fig. 6 shows an arrangement of two cutting tools 32 'on the piston 14'. In this case, the cutting edges 34 'in a cross-sectional plane of the piston 14' obliquely aligned with each other approximately V-shaped. In Fig. 7 Finally, a cutting tool 32 '' in the form of a triangular blade is shown, in which a tip 36 "in the ejection direction of the piston 14 'and a to the tip 36" subsequent cutting edge 32 "is aligned obliquely to this ejection direction of the piston 14'.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

22
LagerungsbehölterLagerungsbehölter
44
Tauchkörperimmersion
66
Endplatteendplate
77
Öffnungopening
88th
Ausnehmungrecess
10, 10'10, 10 '
Kolben-Zylinder-AnordnungPiston-cylinder arrangement
1212
Zylindercylinder
14,14'14.14 '
Kolbenpiston
1616
Mitnehmertakeaway
1818
HeckRear
2020
Auslassöffnungoutlet
2222
Deckelcover
2424
Gelenkjoint
2626
Zylinderkammercylinder chamber
2828
Stirnflächeface
3030
Membranmembrane
32, 32', 32"32, 32 ', 32 "
Schneidwerkzeugcutting tool
34, 34', 34"34, 34 ', 34 "
Schneidkantecutting edge
36', 36"36 ', 36 "
Spitzetop
AA
Schwenkachseswivel axis

Claims (7)

Startvorrichtung für Tauchkörper (4), welche außerhalb eines Druckkörpers eines Unterseeboots angeordnet ist, mit zumindest einem von einem Mündungsverschluss außenseitig verschlossenen Lagerungsbehälter (2) zur Lagerung eines Tauchkörpers (4) und mit Mitteln zum Ausstoßen des Tauchkörpers (4) aus dem Lagerungsbehälter (2), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zum Ausstoßen des Tauchkörpers (4) auch zum Öffnen des Mündungsverschlusses ausgebildet sind.Starting device for immersion bodies (4), which is arranged outside a pressure hull of a submarine, with at least one storage container (2) which is externally closed by a muzzle closure for supporting a submersible (4) and with means for ejecting the submersible (4) from the storage container (2 ), characterized in that the means for ejecting the immersion body (4) are also designed to open the mouth closure. Startvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Kolben-Zylinder-Anordnung (10) vorgesehen ist, bei der ein mit dem Tauchkörper (4) bewegungsgekoppelter Kolben (14, 14') oder Zylinder (12) gegen den Mündungsverschluss bewegbar ist.Starting device according to claim 1, characterized in that a piston-cylinder arrangement (10) is provided, in which a with the plunger (4) movement-coupled piston (14, 14 ') or cylinder (12) is movable against the mouth closure. Startvorrichtung nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein schwenkbarer, vorzugsweise an dem Lagerungsbehälter (2) angelenkter Deckel (22) den Mündungsverschluss bildet.Starting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a pivotable, preferably on the storage container (2) hinged lid (22) forms the mouth closure. Startvorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Deckel (22) in Schließrichtung federvorgespannt ist.Starting device according to claim 3, characterized in that the cover (22) is spring-biased in the closing direction. Startvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an einem den Deckel (22) kontaktierenden Ende des Kolbens (14) oder Zylinders (12) Mittel zur Verringerung des Reibungswiderstands angeordnet sind.Starting device according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that on a cover (22) contacting the end of the piston (14) or cylinder (12) means for reducing the frictional resistance are arranged. Startvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Membran (30) den Mündungsverschluss bildet.Starting device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that a membrane (30) forms the mouth closure. Startvorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kolben (14') mit zumindest einem Schneidwerkzeug (32) bewegungsgekoppelt ist.Starting device according to claim 6, characterized in that the piston (14 ') is coupled for movement with at least one cutting tool (32).
EP09003996.7A 2008-04-26 2009-03-20 Launcher Active EP2112454B1 (en)

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3028024A1 (en) * 2014-11-05 2016-05-06 Dcns WEAPON EJECTION DEVICE FOR AN ARMS LAUNCHER TUBE; ASSOCIATED LOBBY TUBE AND SUBMARINE
RU2648912C1 (en) * 2017-03-14 2018-03-28 АО "Санкт-Петербургское морское бюро машиностроения "Малахит" (АО "СПМБМ "Малахит") Submarine launcher
RU2703752C1 (en) * 2019-01-10 2019-10-22 Акционерное Общество "Санкт-Петербургское морское бюро машиностроения "Малахит" (АО "СПМБМ "Малахит") Submarine launcher

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DE102019203071B4 (en) * 2019-03-06 2022-04-28 Thyssenkrupp Ag Bridgeless gun trough

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DE3209401A1 (en) * 1982-03-16 1983-10-06 Licentia Gmbh Underwater starting and launching device for torpedoes
DE10031409C1 (en) * 2000-06-28 2001-09-06 Howaldtswerke Deutsche Werft Storage and firing container for underwater or surface missile provided by closed tubular sleeve in which missile is supported by suspension in anti-corrosion liquid
DE10335524B3 (en) * 2003-07-31 2004-11-11 Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft Ag Storage and discharge container used in a submarines comprises a liquid-tight flexible sleeve surrounding a discharge device, underwater swimming bodies and upper guide rails

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3028024A1 (en) * 2014-11-05 2016-05-06 Dcns WEAPON EJECTION DEVICE FOR AN ARMS LAUNCHER TUBE; ASSOCIATED LOBBY TUBE AND SUBMARINE
RU2648912C1 (en) * 2017-03-14 2018-03-28 АО "Санкт-Петербургское морское бюро машиностроения "Малахит" (АО "СПМБМ "Малахит") Submarine launcher
RU2703752C1 (en) * 2019-01-10 2019-10-22 Акционерное Общество "Санкт-Петербургское морское бюро машиностроения "Малахит" (АО "СПМБМ "Малахит") Submarine launcher

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EP2112454B1 (en) 2014-07-23
EP2112454A3 (en) 2013-06-05
KR101214080B1 (en) 2012-12-24
KR20090113185A (en) 2009-10-29
EP2112455A3 (en) 2013-06-05
PL2112455T3 (en) 2014-11-28
ES2488671T3 (en) 2014-08-28
PL2112454T3 (en) 2015-02-27
EP2112455A2 (en) 2009-10-28
DE102008021041B3 (en) 2009-11-19
EP2112455B1 (en) 2014-06-04
ES2519472T3 (en) 2014-11-07

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