Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
  • E04B9/30—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation characterised by edge details of the ceiling; e.g. securing to an adjacent wall
  • E04B9/303—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation characterised by edge details of the ceiling; e.g. securing to an adjacent wall for flexible tensioned membranes
  • E04B9/306—Tensioning hand tools therefor
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
  • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
  • E04F13/002—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings made of webs, e.g. of fabrics, or wallpaper, used as coverings or linings
  • E04F13/005—Stretched foil- or web-like elements attached with edge gripping devices
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B9/00—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation
  • E04B9/04—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation comprising slabs, panels, sheets or the like
  • E04B2009/0492—Ceilings; Construction of ceilings, e.g. false ceilings; Ceiling construction with regard to insulation comprising slabs, panels, sheets or the like with fabrics tensioned on frames

Definitions

• Membrane element and method for covering surfaces, in particular ceilings or walls
• the present invention relates in a first aspect to a membrane element for covering surfaces, in particular ceilings or walls, according to the preamble of claim 1.
• the subject matter of the invention is a method for dressing surfaces, in particular ceilings or walls, according to the preamble of claim 17.
• the invention relates to a panel constructed from the membrane elements according to the invention a surface.
• a generic membrane element has a frame and a membrane material stretched thereon.
• membrane elements with a frame and a membrane material stretched thereon are mounted next to one another on the surface to be covered.
• the tensile forces necessarily occurring from the tensioned membranes are removed by bending over the entire length of the frame edges. Therefore, relatively wide profiles are needed to minimize the strain resulting from this strain. This leads to high material consumption, high weight and high costs and is particularly undesirable in backlit membrane elements, as the wide frame profiles are visible.
• the diaphragm voltage is built up by a spring mechanism within the frame. This mechanism - -
• MUS is technically complex and also requires considerable space in the profile width.
• the object is achieved by the method having the features of claim 17.
• the membrane element of the above-mentioned type is further developed in that at least one frame region is bent inwards due to forces which the membrane material exerts on the frame and that clamping units for pulling or pressing this frame region against an abutment rebound against the frame region curved inwards are present outside in the direction of the unbent state.
• the method for dressing surfaces of the type described above is inventively further developed in that the frame of the membrane elements are biased with the membrane material, wherein at least one frame region bends inwardly due to the forces exerted by the stringing, that Terminspannten membrane elements with curved frame areas the panel to be clad and that closing the cladding at least a portion of the membrane elements are contracted or compressed with inwardly curved frame portions with frame of adjacent membrane elements.
• a first significant advantage of the invention can be seen in the fact that in comparison to the prior art significantly slimmer frame are possible and thus significantly more leeway exists, for example, for lighting design.
• Another essential advantage and core idea of the invention is that the assembly, in particular the opening and / or closing of the panel from the front, in particular from a visible side, can be performed.
• the attachment of the lining according to the invention is thereby substantially facilitated.
• the frame members provided by the invention are suitable for covering planes or unidirectionally curved surfaces, preferably in the field of architectural applications, such as ceilings, walls or panels, indoors and outdoors.
• the frames described herein can be covered with films, fabrics, in particular coated fabrics, light-scattering films or nonwovens of all kinds.
• the membrane elements can thus serve in addition to their fairing function for decorating, lighting and / or lighting.
• the lining according to the invention and the membrane elements according to the invention can perform an acoustic function, that is, they can serve to dampen or reduce noise and noise. Often a combination of the mentioned functions is desired. - -
• the frame of the membrane element is covered on both sides, wherein the membrane material on the first side may be a diffuser material and the membrane material on the second side may be a photometric material.
• the diffuser material ensures that the lighting effect is not affected by contamination, for example by dead insects, and that the bulbs do not show signs of loss.
• light sources are present for backlighting of the membrane elements. Due to the inventively feasible considerably slimmer frame numerous new designs are possible.
• the membrane material may be attached to the frame in any manner, for example with a plurality of punctiform connections, e.g. Clamps.
• a plurality of punctiform connections e.g. Clamps.
• An easy-to-install and wrinkle-free connection of the membrane material to the frame is realized when the membrane material is attached to the frame via a keder connection.
• the frame can in principle be constructed from known materials suitable for this purpose with regard to the mechanical properties, for example plastic materials.
• the frame is particularly expediently constructed from aluminum profiles, in particular with a semi-elliptical cross-section.
• the anvil can basically be formed by any mechanically suitable object.
• inwardly curved frame regions of adjacent membrane elements serve as an abutment.
• these inwardly bent frame portions are then pulled or pressed against each other so that the forces occurring in the frame cancel each other out.
• the number of clamping units provided on the frame regions is expediently matched to the length of the tightening or tightening units. sammenzu uncomfortableden frame areas and also on the resilience of the membrane material.
• abutment edge profiles which may contain particular domestic technical components such as electrical leads or data lines.
• the clamping units include screw connections for pulling curved frame areas to the counter bearing.
• Such clamping units are simple and inexpensive to implement and fulfill their task reliably.
• nuts can be fixed in the frame for the screw and also threaded bolt for screwing the sliding blocks, especially in opposite frame areas, be present.
• These sliding blocks are in principle screw nuts.
• the threaded bolt can have a right-hand thread at a first end and a left-hand thread at a second end, with the sliding blocks then being provided with corresponding threads.
• a drive wheel in the frame in particular with a toothed wheel, is provided for rotating the threaded bolt.
• a particular tuned to the closing of the clamping units functionality is achieved when the threaded bolt has a tapered portion for passage through the sliding block, a rear stop to prevent displacement against the drive wheel and a front stop to prevent displacement against the sliding block.
• a recess is formed in the frame for accessing the clamping units with a tool.
• This can be accomplished in aluminum profiles in an inexhaustible and basically known manner. A particularly controlled and reliable work is possible if, in the context of the recess, attachment means, in particular screws, are provided for defined attachment of the tool.
• the clamping units may comprise clamp connections.
• a clamping connection is provided by a separate clamping piece, which is placed on the frame and in particular displaceable provided.
• inwardly curved frame regions of adjacent membrane elements with at least one clamping piece are compressed in the corner regions by placing the clamping piece in the region of the corners of the frames on both frames, and Subsequently, the clamping piece is pushed away from the corner region, whereby the inwardly bent frame portions of the adjacent membrane elements are compressed.
• a plurality of such clamping pieces can be provided and pushed on two frame regions to be connected.
• the membrane elements can be removed completely by loosening the clamping units or only folded out.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a membrane element according to the invention
• FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a frame profile for a membrane element according to the invention
• FIG. 3 is a partially sectioned view of the frame profile of FIG. 2 with the
• FIG. 4 shows a perspective view of a corner region of a device according to the invention
• Membrane element; 5 the frame profile of FIG. 2 with membrane materials attached thereto, FIG.
• Fig. 6 a panel according to the invention before contraction of
• Fig. 7 a panel according to the invention with schematically indicated
• FIG. 8 shows a further embodiment of a lining according to the invention with an edge profile
• FIG. 10 shows several views of a drive wheel for a clamping unit
• FIG. 11 shows the arrangement of the drive wheel from FIG. 10 in the frame profile from FIG. 2;
• FIG. 12 shows a perspective view of a clamping bolt for a clamping unit
• FIGS. 15 and 16 show a first method variant for clamping adjacent frame areas together
• FIG. 22 to 27 Variants for removing or folding out membrane elements for maintenance and / or cleaning; and
• FIG. 28 shows an alternative embodiment of a tensioning device. - -
• FIG. 6 schematically shows a panel 100 of a surface, for example a ceiling, consisting essentially of a plurality of membrane elements 10 according to the invention.
• An inventive membrane element 10 is shown schematically in a partially sectioned view in FIG. 1 and has a frame 12 and a membrane material 14 stretched on both sides thereof. The tensioned on the frame 12 of the membrane elements 10 membrane material 14 exerts on the frame 12 inwardly directed forces, so that frame portions 56 are bent inwardly, as indicated schematically in Fig. 6.
• the core idea of the invention is now to arrange tensioning devices 60 on the inwardly curved frame regions 56 with which the inwardly bent frame regions 56 of adjacent membrane elements 10 are pulled toward one another or pressed against one another.
• tensioning devices 60 are shown schematically in FIG. 7, where in each case three clamping units 60 are provided on longitudinal sides of the membrane elements 10 and one clamping unit 60 is respectively provided on the narrow sides.
• Fig. 7 shows the membrane elements 10 in the contracted or compressed state.
• the outer membrane elements 10 in FIG. 7 are screwed by clamping units 60 to an edge profile 62.
• the frame profiles of the individual membrane elements are thus bolted together at one or more points, so that the tensile forces are removed from the fabric over a short field width.
• the screw connection is designed so that it can be operated despite the inaccessibility of the frame inner with two-sided clothing. This operation can be done for example with a special tool, which will be described in detail below, in a narrow gap between adjacent frame via a gear arranged there. Additional springs or other mechanisms for tensioning the membrane are not required because the membrane material itself is elastic and acts like a spring.
• the tension of the membrane which is necessary for a smooth appearance under realistic occurring external loads and temperature differences and the necessary deformation stiffness is impressed when stringing the individual frames.
• the still unsupported in this state frame edge deforms under the action of this voltage arcuate inward.
• These arcuate inwardly facing frame edges are bolted together during assembly, for example, by two opposing frames and so brought into the desired rectilinear straight shape.
• the tension of the membranes increases to a planned level.
• FIG. 1 An alternative variant of a panel 100 is shown in FIG.
• the outer frame profiles 62 also centrally a support and / or frame profile 62 is provided, which is also connected by means of clamping devices 60 with the membrane elements 10.
• the membrane elements 10 consist of a stabilizing frame 12 and one or two membranes stretched on it.
• the frame 12 consists of slender, semi-elliptical frame profiles 20, preferably of extruded aluminum. In Fig. 2, such a profile or frame profile 20 is shown in a sectional view.
• the frame 12 preferably has a rectangular or square shape. In principle, however, the frame 12 can have a virtually arbitrary shape, in particular also a shape of any polygon. As can be seen in Figures 6, 7 and 8, the frames 12 have no additional stiffening elements for transverse and longitudinal reinforcement.
• the frame profile shown in Fig. 2 is preferably made of extruded aluminum, wherein the ratio of profile height to profile width is preferably about 4 to 1 to 5 to 1.
• the wall thickness in a profile 20 with a height of 80 millimeters is about 2 millimeters.
• the profile 20 all hollow chambers, holes and milling are provided, which are required for the manufacture, assembly and revision of the membrane elements 10.
• the profile 20 has on the inwardly facing side a semi-elliptical contour 24.
• the top and bottom are hollow provided chambers 26 to be used corner angle.
• a hollow chamber 28 is centrally provided for a sliding block, which is part of a tensioning device described in more detail below.
• Recesses 32 serve to receive retaining screws for an actuating tool for the clamping units, which will also be described below.
• grooves 22 are formed on the upper and lower edges for a welt of a membrane material to be inserted.
• Next going inward angle 34 are then formed, which serve as a stop for an adjacent profile. Between these angles 34 is a recess 38, in which a drive wheel for a clamping unit can be accommodated.
• recesses 44 are also provided in the region of the lower stop.
• For the passage of a clamping bolt in a sliding block in the profile 20 also has a central bore 40 and also for fixing the sliding blocks with suitable pins holes 42 are provided.
• FIG. 5 The connection of the membrane materials to the profiles 20 is shown in FIG.
• a sealing membrane 16 by means of a welt 54, which is inserted into the space provided in the profile 20 groove 22, connected at the top.
• a view membrane 18 is also connected via a piping 54 which is inserted into the lower groove 22 of the profile 20 on the underside.
• a piping 54 which is inserted into the hollow chamber 28 nut 50, which is fixed there by means of pins 52 which are held in the holes 42.
• a sealing membrane 16 can be arranged, the main neuter serves as a cover of the interior of the membrane elements 10 and protects the interior against contamination and against the ingress of moisture.
• a sealing membrane 16 can serve as a diffuser in backlit membranes, in order to reduce the image of the bulbs and the shadow of dirt particles, if not entirely avoid, then at least considerably.
• films or coated fabrics are suitable.
• fabrics and nonwovens are suitable.
• Acoustically active elements that is, for example, sound-damping elements, can preferably be realized with a perforated or perforated view membrane.
• the frame profiles 20 are cut to the desired frame sizes and joined to a frame 12 with the aid of angle profiles.
• the finished frame 12 is then covered with the view membrane 18 and optionally the sealing membrane 16 smooth.
• the connection of the viewing membrane 18 and the sealing membrane 16 to the frame profile 20 takes place, as shown in FIG. 5, via a clamping connection by means of a keeper 54 or a piping cord, which is preferably made of a soft plastic, for example of PVC or TPE or another suitable material is made.
• a terminal strip or a clamping rail made of extruded aluminum can also be used.
• the size of this deformation is determined by the registered preload forces and precisely defined. This shaping is intentional and part of the assembly concept described below.
• the deformations of the frames due to membrane prestressing are re-tensioned into the originally undeformed state via special tensioning mechanisms.
• the adjacent membrane elements 10 or, depending on the type of arrangement, a suitable edge profile 62 can also be used in preferred variants.
• the membrane biasing forces are thus shorted together and cancel each other.
• the frame After retensioning, the frame returns to its original shape as before the covering with the membrane. Ran up. This can be seen in FIGS. 7 and 8.
• the membrane elements 10 can be arranged in different ways. In a first variant shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, an edge profile 62 surrounds an entire arrangement of a multiplicity of membrane elements 10.
• the edge profile 62 serves as an abutment for receiving the tensioning forces of the membrane elements 10 at the edge of the arrangement. At the same time, the edge profile 62 can also serve as an end or connecting element to an adjacent construction.
• the edge profile 62 is preferably made of commercially available aluminum profile or a folded aluminum or steel sheet.
• a support profile 62 is additionally provided in the interior of the entire covering, which can have, for example, a U-shape and is expediently also made of aluminum.
• This inner edge profile 62 can serve for receiving and guiding installation cables, such as cable harnesses and water pipes, as well as the integration of sprinkler systems and other technical building installations.
• the edge profile 62 essentially fulfills the task of absorbing the tensioning forces of the adjacent membrane elements 10.
• the clamping units 60 with which the biasing forces of the membrane material 14 are short-circuited, consist essentially of a threaded bolt or clamping bolt 80, a drive wheel 70 and a groove to be inserted into the edge profiles 20.
• a clamping bolt 80, a drive wheel 70 and two internally threaded nuts 50 form a clamping unit 60.
• the number of clamping units per unit length or per frame side depends on the clamping forces and the bending stiffness of the frame profiles 20.
• the sliding blocks 50 have a thread into which the clamping bolts 80 can be screwed.
• the sliding blocks 50 are inserted into the hollow chambers 28 of the frame profile 20, pushed to the right place and left and right, at- For example, with the help of simple metal pins, secured in place. This is preferably done with some play, whereby the screwing of the clamping bolt 80 is facilitated.
• the sliding blocks are preferably made of galvanized steel.
• a clamping bolt 80 which is manufactured in a basically known manner, is shown schematically in FIG. 12. At one end, the clamping bolt 80 has a stop 82, by which slipping out or falling out of the drive wheel 70 to be described later is prevented. Inwardly, the clamping bolt 80 then has a flattened region 86, wherein on the outer sides of an in the nuts 50 matching external thread 84 is cut.
• a taper 88 of the clamping bolt 80 then passes into a tapered portion 87, the axial length and radial thickness is selected so that this tapered portion 87 can pass freely through the opening in the sliding blocks 50. This functionality will be explained in more detail below.
• a cap nut 89 which is screwed there to a not shown in FIG. 12 thread and which serves as a stop against a sliding block 50.
• the structure of a drive wheel 70 and the interaction with the clamping bolt 80 and the edge profile 20 will be described with reference to Figures 10 to 14.
• the drive wheel 70 which is shown in a front view in FIG. 10 a) in a side view in FIG. 10 b and in a rear view in FIG. 10 c), has as essential components a circular disc-shaped plate 74, a gear 72 mounted thereon or integrally formed , which serves to drive this wheel and an opening 76 for the passage of a clamping bolt 80.
• a special feature of this opening 76 consists, as shown in Fig. 10c), in that the corner regions are each provided with a specifically mounted recess 78, which prevent damage to the thread of the clamping bolt 18.
• FIG. 11a) and b The positioning of the drive wheel 70 relative to the frame profile 20 is shown in Figures 11a) and b). An edge of the plate 74 engages in a groove 36 behind the stop bracket 34 of the frame profile and is in this way against falling out secured, see Fig. 2.
• Fig. 11b) is also shown how the drive wheel 70 is positioned centrally of the recess 44, so that via this recess 44 to the drive wheel 70 can be accessed with a tool, which will be described below.
• a gear 72 is used to drive the drive wheel 70.
• the drive wheel 70 is preferably made of stainless steel.
• the drive wheel 70 has in its center a matching flattening 86 of the clamping bolt 80 opening 76 and is inserted over this, as shown in Fig. 13 and 14.
• the drive wheel 70 is positioned on the frame profile 20 in front of the sliding block 50, as shown in Fig. 11. Then, a clamping bolt 80 is inserted through the drive wheel 70 and screwed into the nut 50 within the frame section 20 to the stop 82 forward. This situation is shown in FIG.
• the stopper 82 serves to hold the clamping bolt 80 when the membrane elements are released and can not undesirably fall into the interior of the membrane element.
• a cap nut 89 is turned from the rear onto the end of the clamping bolt 80 provided with a smaller thread and secured against undesired loosening, for example by gluing. This cap nut 89 serves as a rear stop.
• FIGS. 15 and 16 A first variant of the clamping is described with reference to FIGS. 15 and 16.
• the frame regions of the frame to be connected are pressed together so far, for example with a suitable pliers, that the threaded part 84 of the clamping bolt 80 is screwed by means of the drive wheel 70 into the sliding block 50 of the adjacent membrane element 10 via a turning tool can be.
• the pliers for pressing on the opposite frame portions may in particular engage in the groove 36 of the profiles 20, see Fig. 3. If the clamping bolt 80 is far enough through the nut of the right in Fig.
• the clamping bolt 80 with the aid of the rotary tool from the right profile 20 to the stop rear so be turned out until contact of the cap nut 89 with the nut 50.
• FIG. 17 the profile left in FIG. 17 is brought to the clamping bolt 80 with the aid of pliers and the profiles can then be screwed together.
• the final state shown in Fig. 18 is reached, in which the profiles 20 contact via their stop angle 34 and thus have reached their final position.
• a gap 66 exists between the frame profiles 20, via which access to the toothed wheel 72 of the drive wheel 70 is possible.
• the actuating tool essentially consists of a plate 92, in the example shown, two further gears 94, 96 are rotatably arranged, via which the gear 72 of the drive wheel 70 can be rotated for the clamping bolt 80.
• the tool 90 engages through the provided in the profile 20 recesses 44 and is over there in holes 46, see Fig. 3, screwed screws 98 precisely positioned, thereby also all the forces that occur when turning the clamping bolt 80, introduced into the frame section 20 become. In this way, advantageously a largely force-free and thus comfortable working for an operator is possible.
• the gears are rotated by a motor, for example an electric motor.
• FIG. 1 An alternative example of a tensioning device is indicated schematically in FIG.
• a tensioning device is indicated schematically in FIG.
• There opposite frame sections 20 are held together by a clamping piece 68 with an H-shaped profile.
• This profile can be introduced for example via recesses mounted at a suitable location between the frame profiles 20.
• the membrane elements 10 are folded over clamping bolts 80 or specially provided for this hinge pin.
• the hinge pins can be provided, for example, between the membrane elements 10 and edge profiles 62. All other clamping units 60 are released prior to folding the membrane element 10.
• FIGS. 26 and 27 illustrate the pivot point lies in a corner region of the membrane elements and these are folded down over their longitudinal side.
• Fig. 26 shows various stages of folding down a single membrane element.
• FIG. 27 illustrates a situation with a total of six folded-down membrane elements 10 in a lining 100 according to the invention.
• the features discussed here also allow for easy and quick accessibility of building parts and fixtures, such as light systems and other installations, located behind the membrane elements.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
• Revetment (AREA)
• Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
• Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
• Finishing Walls (AREA)

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• 2007
  • 2007-01-09 DE DE102007001376A patent/DE102007001376B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2008
  • 2008-01-07 EP EP20080700992 patent/EP2099980B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
  • 2008-01-07 AT AT08700992T patent/ATE462050T1/de active
  • 2008-01-07 US US12/522,461 patent/US9091054B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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  • 2008-01-07 WO PCT/EP2008/000046 patent/WO2008083940A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2008-01-07 DK DK08700992T patent/DK2099980T3/da active
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• 2009
  • 2009-11-12 HK HK09110572A patent/HK1132773A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation

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