Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
  • C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
  • C22B1/16—Sintering; Agglomerating
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
  • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
  • C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
  • C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
  • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
  • C22B9/10—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with refining or fluxing agents; Use of materials therefor, e.g. slagging or scorifying agents
  • C22B9/103—Methods of introduction of solid or liquid refining or fluxing agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
  • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
  • C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
  • C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
  • C22F1/183—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon of titanium or alloys based thereon
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
  • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

• the invention relates to a titanium-containing molded body, a process for its preparation and its use.
• the invention relates to a titanium-containing molded body, for example in the form of a briquette, pellets or crushed stone, a process for producing the shaped body and its use in metallurgical processes, in particular for introduction into melting vessels or vessels of primary, secondary and tertiary metallurgy.
• the invention also describes a method for increasing the durability of the refractory linings, for reducing the nitrogen oxides and the sulfur content, in particular in the iron analysis and in the exhaust gas, and for reducing the harmful recycling substances in the furnace or shaft furnace, in particular cupola, by using synthetic and / or natural titanium supports.
• ferrotitanium, ferrocarbotitanium and titanium aluminum from aluminothermic production are also used as alloying agents. These alloying agents, especially the ferrotitanium, are very expensive.
• An analysis of the ferrotitanium shows that it is mainly composed of 20 to 75% by weight or more of Ti, from 2 to 10% by weight or more of Al + Al 2 O 3 , from 0.2 to 8% by weight or more Si and from 20 to 65 wt .-% or more Fe.
• a ferrocarbotitanium may, for example, have the following composition of the main constituents: Ti: 30 to 40%; C: 5 to 8%; Si: 3 to 4%; AI: 1 to 2%; Mn: 0.5%.
• Titanium-aluminum may have, for example, the following composition of the main components: Ti: 5 to 10% and 50 to 63%, respectively; AI: rest.
• the cupola is a shaft furnace in which metals can be melted.
• the cupola furnace is used for the production of metals.
• the shaft furnace is charged from the top with coke as an energy source, the feedstock and the additives.
• the starting materials are solid pig iron, recycling materials, laminated cores and selected metal scrap, depending on the production target.
• gravel and limestone are used as additives.
• the oven To remove the metal, the oven must be slightly pierced above its bottom. The tapping is followed by a siphon, which has two outlets. In this case, the liquid slag is discharged through the upper in a collecting container. By the other, the iron is forced through the slag and can be passed, for example, in a Vorhalteofen.
• the function of the siphon is only possible due to a slight overpressure in the shaft furnace.
• finished compacts are used whose composition consists of various waste materials, such as iron-containing dusts, reducing agents, slag formers and binders.
• waste materials such as iron-containing dusts, reducing agents, slag formers and binders.
• the purpose of this technology is to allow the smelting process, which normally takes place in the blast furnace process, to take place in the individual pressed moldings themselves.
• dust-like iron oxide which occur repeatedly in all smelting processes, be better processed. Without these technologies, the proportion of dusts to be reused would be relatively low, so that another environmentally harmful disposal would be necessary.
• Alkalis such as sodium and potassium hinder the desulfurization of the pig iron due to the need for an acidic slag for the discharge from the furnace, which in turn requires as basic as possible slag. The contrary requirements hinder the blast furnace process very much. Furthermore, alkalis act as fluxes for any refractory lining, which in turn has a negative impact on economy.
• the elements copper, chromium, nickel and vanadium dissolve almost completely in molten pig iron so that they can not be removed in the downstream steelmaking process.
• the proviso is to reduce the contents as far as possible in advance as possible.
• Coke is used as an energy source in all shaft furnaces.
• coke contains as an impurity, among other unwanted sulfur.
• the liquid iron assumes a sulfur content which interferes with further processing.
• the iron must therefore be desulfurized very costly and expensive in special systems of primary and / or secondary metallurgy.
• the object of the invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and in particular by using synthetic and / or natural titanium support to reduce the contents of the above-described negative circulating or accompanying substances, optionally the content of nitrogen and sulfur in the iron Reduce formation of NO x , thereby improving the quality of the exhaust gas and thus to protect the environment.
• a further object of the invention is, if appropriate, at the same time to increase the durability of refractory linings and aggregates.
• a further object of the invention is to provide titanium-containing shaped bodies as alloying agents in primary, secondary and tertiary metallurgy. Surprisingly, these objects have been solved by the features of the main claim.
• the titanium-containing shaped bodies contain synthetic and / or natural titanium supports.
• Under titanium substrate are understood to mean substances containing the element titanium, for example as an element, as a compound and / or as part of a salt.
• the synthetic and / or natural titanium carriers are mixed homogeneously with the other substances, if appropriate with the addition of a binder, and then by way of a shaping process, for example, into agglomerate stones,
• Treatment temperature is up to 1500 0 C, preferably at 80 0 C to 1400 0 C.
• titanium-containing shaped bodies consisting mainly of titanium dioxide or its compounds.
• the titanium-containing shaped body according to the invention contains 0.5 to 100, preferably 1 to 90, particularly preferably 1 to 80, very particularly preferably 3 to 70, particularly preferably 4 to 65, preferably 4 to 50, in particular preferably 5 to 30 wt .-% TiO 2 (calculated from the total titer content).
• this shaped article is particularly suitable for use in melting and shaft furnaces in the field of primary, secondary and tertiary metallurgy.
• Synthetic raw materials from the chemical industry are pelletized by means of various chemical binders, or converted into chargeable titanium carriers in sintering processes and charged to the liquid media such as metals or slags in the respective processes of the secondary metallurgy.
• the synthetic titanium supports can also be injected as an alloying agent.
• the respective quantities are adjusted according to the requirements and the classification.
• the synthetic titanium carriers dissolve in the liquid metals or slags and increase the respective titanium content as required.
• synthetic titanium support at levels of 10 to 100 wt .-%, from 25 to 35 wt .-%, from 45 to 65 wt .-%, from 70 to 90 wt .-% and also of 100 wt .-%, calculated as TiO 2 , available.
• the raw materials are in the form of shaped bodies.
• silicon carbide in the form of briquettes is used to feed the cupola.
• shaped bodies are also produced on the basis of feedstocks which are to be disposed of industrially.
• feedstocks for example, coal and coal sludge, residues containing silicon carbide, gout and steel mill dusts and sludges, and other materials may be used.
• the gout and steel mill dust and sludge are very ferrous, but they can only be economically extracted pig iron, if they are agglomerated
• Solid can be filled in the shaft furnace.
• methods have been developed with which the so-called agglomerated stones are produced from the dusts with the aid of binders.
• the respective starting materials to be disposed of and smelted are mixed with slag formers, binders and carbon-based reducing agents.
• Titanium-containing materials selected from natural titanium ores, titanium dioxide-rich slags and synthetic titanium-containing materials or mixtures of at least two of these materials are used for the production of the titanium-containing shaped bodies according to the invention.
• the synthetic titanium dioxide-containing materials are selected according to the invention from the materials listed below or mixtures thereof:
• the materials may originate from the production of titanium dioxide after the sulphate process as well as from the production of titanium dioxide by the chloride process.
• the intermediate and co-products can be extracted from the running TiO 2 -
• Residues from the production of titanium dioxide can originate both from the production of titanium dioxide after the sulfate (digestion residues) and from the production of titanium dioxide by the chloride process; If necessary, the materials are pretreated prior to use as an aggregate, for example by neutralization, washing, and / or predrying.
• Residues from the chemical industry for example from TiO 2 -containing catalysts, again for example from DEN OX catalysts.
• the titanium-containing shaped bodies according to the invention are produced by mixing and / or adding the natural titanium ores, for example ilmenite sand and / or Sorell slag, titania-rich slags and / or synthetic titanium dioxide-containing materials.
• the natural titanium ores for example ilmenite sand and / or Sorell slag, titania-rich slags and / or synthetic titanium dioxide-containing materials.
• titanium-containing materials may optionally be added other materials, such as feedstock and / or reducing agents, for example based on coal, such as silicon carbide-containing residues, coal and coal sludge, gassy and steel mill dusts and sludges, and other materials.
• the titanium-containing shaped bodies according to the invention To produce the titanium-containing shaped bodies according to the invention, one or more of the abovementioned fine-grained titanium-containing materials are added to the mixtures of the fine-grained starting materials by molding, briquetting or pelleting before molding. The mixture thus obtained is compressed by means of binders to form the shaped bodies according to the invention. If necessary, the titanium-containing shaped bodies are then subjected to a temperature treatment.
• the treatment temperature is up to 1500 ° C, preferably at 80 0 C to 1400 0 C.
• the titanium ores and titanium dioxide-rich slags used for producing the titanium-containing shaped bodies according to the invention contain from 15 to 95, preferably from 25 to 90,% by weight of TiO 2 (calculated from the total titanium content).
• the titanium ores can be used untreated or after separation of impurities and gait for the production of the aggregate.
• the synthetic titanium-containing materials used for producing the titanium-containing moldings according to the invention contain from 5 to 100, preferably from 10 to 100, particularly preferably from 20 to 100,% by weight of TiO 2 (calculated from the total titanium content).
• the invention furthermore relates to:
• titanium-containing shaped bodies according to the invention as slag-protecting agents and alloying agents.
• the present invention will be:
• a titanium-containing shaped body is provided for addition in shaft furnaces for reducing the circulation substances;
• a titanium-containing shaped body for addition to shaft furnaces and in primary or secondary metallurgy vessels for increasing the durability of the respective refractory linings;
• a titanium-containing shaped body is provided as alloying agent in primary, secondary and tertiary metallurgy.
• these titanium-containing shaped bodies according to the invention are introduced into shaft furnaces, these shaped bodies are heated during the metallurgical smelting process.
• the reducing agents present in the moldings reduce the oxidic components of the shaft furnace. This applies to both the iron oxides and the titanium compounds that were previously mixed into the stone.
• the present in the moldings reducing agents in the presence of natural titan ores such as ilmenite (in ilmenite is titanium as iron titanate ago) reduced in the first step to reactive TiO 2 , then the final reduction of TiO 2 particles obtained to CO and metallic titanium.
• the deposition of these ultrafine particles on the surfaces to be protected forms very refractory and relatively dense layers of titanium carbonitrides, metal titanates and spinels. These deposited layers can both repair defective areas and protect healthy areas against the penetration of liquids such as iron or slag, significantly increasing their durability.
• the protective effect also extends in particular in the interior of a shaft furnace, for example within the tapping channels or siphon constructions.
• Slag protection can be achieved by the addition of the titanium supports, preferably by the addition of synthetic titanium supports, to the various secondary / and Tertiary slag of the iron and steel industry the leading wear in the slag zone of the steel pans can be significantly reduced or completely prevented.
• the titanate-containing slags are permanently in contact with the zone of leading wear in the slag area of the pans. At the respective contact surfaces then deposit the highly refractory barium-calcium magnesium and / or aluminum titanates and reduce or prevent the wear of this critical zone of a steel pan.
• the unwanted accompanying substances for example zinc, lead, sodium, potassium, etc., are bound by the use of titanium-containing carriers as metal titanates and can thus be removed from the shaft furnace as part of the slag.
• the natural titanium supports are preferably ilmenite and / or sorell slag and / or rutile sand. Titanium compounds, in particular titanium dioxide, are used as synthetic titania-containing carriers. In addition, it is possible according to the invention to use residues from titanium dioxide production, both after the sulphate and after the chloride process. According to the invention it is also possible to use titanium dioxide-containing waste materials such as catalysts from DENOX plants and from the chemical industry.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
• Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
• Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=39099829

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Families Citing this family (6)

Family Cites Families (13)

• 2007
  • 2007-12-10 CA CA002671706A patent/CA2671706A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2007-12-10 EP EP07857353A patent/EP2099947A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2007-12-10 TW TW096146975A patent/TW200844389A/zh unknown
  • 2007-12-10 US US12/516,608 patent/US20100031772A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2007-12-10 BR BRPI0720000-5A2A patent/BRPI0720000A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2007-12-10 WO PCT/EP2007/063635 patent/WO2008068350A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2007-12-10 KR KR1020097014162A patent/KR20090110832A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2007-12-11 AR ARP070105522A patent/AR064219A1/es unknown
• 2013
  • 2013-07-22 US US13/947,647 patent/US20130305882A1/en not_active Abandoned

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events