EP2099591A1 - Scherfolie für einen elektrischen rasierapparat - Google Patents
Scherfolie für einen elektrischen rasierapparatInfo
- Publication number
- EP2099591A1 EP2099591A1 EP07819135A EP07819135A EP2099591A1 EP 2099591 A1 EP2099591 A1 EP 2099591A1 EP 07819135 A EP07819135 A EP 07819135A EP 07819135 A EP07819135 A EP 07819135A EP 2099591 A1 EP2099591 A1 EP 2099591A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- holes
- foil
- zone
- shaving
- edge zone
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B26B19/00—Clippers or shavers operating with a plurality of cutting edges, e.g. hair clippers, dry shavers
- B26B19/38—Details of, or accessories for, hair clippers, or dry shavers, e.g. housings, casings, grips, guards
- B26B19/384—Dry-shaver foils; Manufacture thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49995—Shaping one-piece blank by removing material
Definitions
- the invention relates to a shaving foil for an electric shaver. Furthermore, the invention relates to an electric shaver with such a shaving foil and a method for producing a shaving foil.
- Electric shavers usually have at least one perforated shaving foil and at least one lower blade which is designed to be movable relative to the shaving foil.
- the shaving foil has a multiplicity of holes into which hair is inserted during the shaving process.
- the undercutter is disposed in the immediate vicinity of the shaving foil and is continuously moved past the holes of the shaving foil during the shaving process. This has the consequence that the threaded into the holes of the foil sheared hair are cut by the lower blade.
- the formation of the foil, in particular the size and shape of the holes a significant influence on the achievable with the razor shaving result.
- an adjustable in the shaving head of a dry shaver screen is known with sieve holes of different dimensions.
- the screen film has a single undivided perforated field in which the dimensions of the screen holes in the adjustment direction of the screen film continuously change. This is to be an optimal adaptation of the screen to the different nature of the facial skin of the user or different users are possible.
- the invention has for its object to form a shaving foil of an electric shaver so that the best possible shaving result can be achieved. This object is achieved by the combination of features of claim 1.
- the shaving foil for an electric shaver according to the invention has a perforated area with a plurality of holes separated by webs.
- the perforated region is subdivided into at least one central zone, a first edge zone and a second edge zone, the central zone being arranged between the first edge zone and the second edge zone.
- the shear foil according to the invention is characterized in that the holes in the central zone have an average size which is smaller than the average size of the holes in the first edge zone and in the second edge zone and / or in that a sliding average for the size of the holes is smaller in the central zone than in the first peripheral zone and in the second peripheral zone.
- the shaving foil according to the invention has the advantage that it allows a very thorough and at the same time skin-friendly shave. This is achieved by the invention variation of the hole size in the individual zones of the perforated portion of the shaving foil, created by the shaving in the entire contact area between the shaving foil and the skin of the user of the shaver favorable conditions regarding the concavity of the skin in the holes of the shaving foil become.
- the said zones of the shaving foil need not be in the form of clearly defined or sharply demarcated areas; according to the present invention, a corresponding variation of the mean hole size of the perforation along at least one direction is sufficient.
- the variation itself forms the corresponding zones.
- the variation of the hole sizes is preferably continuous, as this, as explained later, results in favorable mechanical properties, e.g. optimum adaptation of the shaving foil to the assigned lower blade (s).
- the central zone is preferably arranged in a first direction between the first edge zone and the second edge zone.
- the subdivision of the perforated region is designed such that during a shaving of a skin area in the central zone of the perforated area a higher contact pressure of the shaving foil against the skin area is to be expected than in the first edge zone and in the second edge zone.
- a higher contact pressure of the shaving foil against the skin area is to be expected than in the first edge zone and in the second edge zone.
- a curvature is formed within the perforated area, which assumes its zenith in the central zone.
- the highest contact pressure occurs in the shave at the zenith or near the zenith of the curvature, so that small holes in the vicinity of the zenith are advantageous.
- the central zone is asymmetrical to the zenith of the curvature and / or the moving average for the size of the holes has a minimum outside the zenith.
- the shaving foil is preferably firmly clamped in a foil frame which can be fixed on the razor. This allows easy handling of the foil and ensures a defined geometry of the individual zones of the foil after the fixation of the foil frame on the shaver. At least one further foil may be clamped in the foil frame.
- the webs have a width that is the same throughout the entire perforated area. This has the consequence that changes in the mechanical property of the foil are kept small. As a result, for example, an exact compliance with a desired shape in the curvature of the foil is facilitated.
- At least some of the holes have different shapes. This has a positive effect on the threading behavior of the shaving foil and opens up manifold possibilities in the arrangement of the holes and the realization of a desired size distribution of the holes. In particular, compliance with a constant web width is possible even with a variation of the hole size.
- at least some of the holes are formed as irregular polygons.
- the moving average for the size of the holes may vary along the first direction within the perforated area according to a predetermined function.
- the predetermined function can in particular have a continuous course.
- the moving average for the size of the holes may be constant along a second direction within the perforated area.
- the shear foil is preferably formed so that the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.
- the shearing foil is preferably designed such that the second direction extends parallel to a provided direction of movement of a shearing blade cooperating with the shaving foil.
- the first direction preferably extends perpendicular to an intended direction of movement of a shear blade cooperating with the shaving foil. This means that the size of the holes preferably varies perpendicular to the direction of movement of the doctor blade.
- At least some of the holes may be statistically distributed over at least a portion of the perforated area and / or formed as polygons having shapes varying according to a statistical distribution.
- the shearing foil can be designed so that the holes in the central zone, in the first edge zone and / or in the second edge zone each have at least a predetermined minimum distance from each other with respect to their centers. This can avoid that the foil has holes that provide no significant contribution to the shaving result due to lack of size.
- the holes of the shear foil are preferably formed as polygons whose internal angles are each smaller than 180 °. At least some of the holes may be formed as Voronoi polygons. The formation of the holes as Voronoi polygons allows a simple construction of the shear foil with good cutting properties.
- the mean values for the size of the holes can each be formed as arithmetic mean values.
- the moving average values for the size of the holes at varying locations of the perforated area may each be formed as an average over the holes in a given partial area or as an average over a predetermined number of holes with a predetermined neighborhood relationship.
- the invention further relates to an electric shaver with the shaving foil according to the invention.
- the invention relates to a method of manufacturing a shaving foil for an electric shaver, in which a perforated region is formed having a plurality of holes separated by webs. Within the perforated region, at least one central zone, a first edge zone and a second edge zone are formed, wherein the central zone is arranged between the first edge zone and the second edge zone.
- the method according to the invention is characterized in that the holes in the central zone are formed with an average size which is smaller than the average size of the holes in the first edge zone and in the second edge zone and / or in that the holes are formed that a moving average for the size of the holes in the central zone is smaller than in the first edge zone and in the second edge zone.
- the first edge zone and / or the second edge zone of the shaving foil can be formed in accordance with the determined distribution.
- optimum utilization of the perforated region of the shaving foil can be achieved.
- the distribution of the areas for a zone the distribution of the areas in an adjacent zone can be taken into account at least in certain areas. This allows, for example, a seamless transition between the zones.
- the surfaces can be formed as polygons, in particular as Voronoi polygons.
- a distribution of generator points can be generated.
- the generator points can be generated at statistically determined positions.
- at least one boundary condition can be met.
- at least one boundary condition with respect to the generator points of an adjacent zone can be maintained. This allows adaptation of the areas of adjacent zones to each other. For example, when generating a new generator point, in each case a minimum distance to all previously generated generator points can be maintained.
- the sides of the surfaces can be determined as sections of mid-perpendicular between generator points. It is particularly advantageous if the regularity of the distribution of the areas is increased iteratively. As a result, distributions with different degrees of regularity can be constructed based on the same methodology.
- the center of gravity determination can be based on an inhomogeneous mass density. In this way, a desired distribution of the size of the surfaces can be generated by specifying the course of the mass density.
- the webs can be formed with a predetermined width.
- the size of the holes, the webs of which act on the skin during shaving of a skin area during shaving of a skin area depending on the position of the holes in the perforated portion of the shaving foil are each chosen so that the skin equally deep into the holes einwölbt.
- the same thoroughness is achieved in the area of all the holes involved in the shave.
- r is the radius of a circle whose area corresponds to the area of the hole at the angle ⁇
- r min is the radius of a circle whose area corresponds to the area of a hole at the angle ⁇ max
- ⁇ an azimuth angle relative to a zenith of one Curvature of the shear foil is and represent a 2 and ⁇ max fit parameters.
- FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an electric shaver in a perspective view
- 2 shows one of the shear foils shown in Fig. 1 in a sectional view
- FIG. 14 shows a diagram for the course of the size of the holes for the exemplary embodiment of the shaving foil illustrated in FIG. 13,
- Fig. 15 is a diagram for a possible course of the depth of Hauteinwölbung in
- FIG. 16 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the shaving foil in a development shown in fragmentary form.
- Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of an electric shaver 1 in a perspective view.
- the razor 1 has a housing 2 durable in the hand and a shaving head 3 attached thereto.
- a switch 4 for switching on and off of the shaver 1 is arranged on the housing 2, a switch 4 for switching on and off of the shaver 1 is arranged.
- the shaving head 3 has two lower blades 5, each having a plurality of individual blades.
- Fig. 1 two shear films 6 are shown in Fig. 1, which are attached to a film frame 7.
- the film frame 7 forces the shear films 6 in a curved shape, which is matched to the contour of the lower blade 5.
- the film frame 7 is constructed so that it can be fixed together with the two shaving foils 6 on the shaving head 3 and easily removed again.
- Fig. 1 the film frame 7 is removed with the two shear sheets 6 from the shaving head 3.
- the lower blade 5 are offset by a not shown electric motor, which is disposed within the housing 2, in a linear oscillating movement relative to the shear foil 6.
- the lower blades 5 move parallel to its main extension in a direction of movement 8 which is represented by a double arrow.
- a double arrow for illustrating a cutting direction 9 of the shear films 6 is shown.
- their cutting direction 9 runs parallel to the axis of curvature.
- the movement of the lower blade 5 relative to the shear foil 6 causes hair that penetrate through one of the perforated shear sheets 6 to the associated lower blade 5, detected by the lower blade 5 and severed in cooperation with the shear foil 6.
- the razor 1 shown in Fig. 1 can be modified or further developed in many ways.
- the razor 1 may have only a lower blade 5 and a shear foil 6.
- the razor 1 may have additional shearing means such as a central cutter, a long-hair trimmer, etc.
- the shaving head 3 may comprise, for example, at least one rotating lower blade 5 and at least one circular shaving foil 6 having an annular area surrounding and being raised or recessed to a circular area.
- FIG. 2 shows one of the shear foils 6 shown in FIG. 1 in a sectional view.
- the cut is guided transversely through the shaving foil 6, so that the cutting direction 9 of the shaving foil 6 runs perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.
- the shaving foil 6 has a curvature 10 with a zenith 11.
- the zenith 11 represents the highest elevation of the shear foil 6.
- the zenith 11 of each shaving foil 6 through the line of contact between a plane tangent to all shaving foils 6 and the respective shaving foil 6 defined.
- the shaving foil 6 rests against the skin during shaving in the area of the zenith 11. Due to the elasticity of the skin, the regions of the shaving foil 6 adjacent to the zenith 11 also have skin contact.
- the shaving foil 6 is divided into several zones.
- a central zone 12 includes the zenith 11 and an adjacent area on both sides.
- An edge zone 13 adjoins the central zone 12 on one side and an edge zone 14 on the other side.
- the central zone 12, the two edge zones 13 and 14 and possibly further zones Together form a perforated portion 15 of the shaving foil 6. The formation of the shaving foil 6 within the perforated region 15 will be explained in more detail below.
- FIG. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of the shaving foil 6 in a developed detail.
- the shearing foil 6 has a plurality of holes 16 which are separated from one another by webs 17.
- the holes 16 in the illustrated embodiment each have the shape of a hexagon.
- holes 16 are present with a smaller area than in the region of the edge zone 14.
- the conditions in the edge zone 13, not shown, correspond to those in the illustrated edge zone 14.
- the difference in size at the holes 16 results from the fact that the Hexagons each have different extensions parallel to a transverse direction 18 of the shaving foil 6, which is illustrated by a double arrow and perpendicular to the cutting direction 9.
- the webs 17 each have the same width in the central zone 12 and in the edge zone 14.
- the curved trained shear foil 6 can be considered simplified as a rigid cylinder, which is pressed against the skin during shaving in the region of the zenith 11 of the curvature 10.
- the skin is an elastic medium. This has the consequence that the skin gives way elastically and conforms to the curvature 10 of the shaving foil 6.
- the skin bulges in the holes 16 of the foil 6 a.
- the thickness of the indentation of the skin into the holes 16 of the foil 6 depends on the local pressure with which the foil 6 is pressed against the skin and on the geometry of the holes 16. This means, for example, that the skin remains at a constant size Holes 16 bulge more in the holes 16, the stronger the local pressure.
- a strong indentation of the skin in the holes 16 of the shaving foil 6 results in a particularly thorough shaving, since the hairs are severed close to the skin.
- the risk of skin irritation also increases, especially when skin contact with the lower blade 5 occurs.
- holes 16 of large dimensions are placed. The holes 16 are usually chosen so large that the skin does not touch the lower blade 5.
- the pressure in the center of the contact surface of the cylinder, ie in the region of the zenith 11 of the curvature 10 of the shaving foil 6, is greatest and decreases towards the outside. Accordingly, the holes 16 in the central zone 12, at the center of which the zenith 11 of the curve 10 is located, are made smaller than in the peripheral zones 13 and 14. That is, the increased local pressure in the central zone 12 is reduced in size the holes 16 is compensated. In the peripheral zones 13 and 14, in which the local pressure is smaller than in the central zone 12, larger holes 16 are provided for compensation than in the central zone 12.
- the razor 1 is handled during shaving so that, in a razor 1 having a single shaving foil 6, the zenith 11 of the curve 10 is laterally approximately centered in the contact area formed between the shaving foil 6 and the skin surface , Compliance with this geometry can be facilitated by the user of the razor 1, characterized in that a further shear system and a pivot mechanism is provided which brings the shaving foil 6 respectively in said orientation.
- the pivoting mechanism can be realized, for example, by a pivotable mounting of the shaving foil 6 or of the entire shaving head 3 on the housing 2 of the shaver 1.
- FIG. 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the shaving foil 6 in a perspective view of a developed detail.
- smaller holes 16 are formed in the central zone 12 of the shaving foil 6 than in the marginal zones 13 and 14, the width of the webs 17 in the central zone 12 and in the peripheral zones 13 and 14 being equal. Notwithstanding Fig. 3, however, not all holes 16 are formed as hexagons. Hexagons are provided only in the central zone 12. In addition, the central zone 12 also has other polygons. The margins 13 and 14 have other polygons. Through differently formed polygons, the thoroughness of the shave can be further increased.
- FIG. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment of the shaving foil 6 according to the prior art in a developed detail.
- the holes 16 in the central zone 12 and in the edge zones 13 and 14 of the shaving foil 6 have a hexagonal shape, wherein the holes 16 are each formed smaller in the central zone 12 than in the edge zones 13 and 14.
- the transition zones thus each represent a suture line between two ordered zones within which the holes 16 are each formed identically. In the ordered regions on both sides of the seam line, however, the holes 16 are formed differently.
- the shearing foil 6 has increased rigidity. This results in the curvature 10 to a deviation from a desired shape and accordingly to increased wear.
- FIG. 6 shows an exemplary embodiment of a shaving foil 6 according to the invention in a developed detail.
- This embodiment is characterized in that the holes 16 in the central zone 12 and in the edge zones 13 and 14 are each arranged irregularly and have different shapes and different sizes.
- the sizes of the holes 16 vary so that the arithmetic mean of the areas of the holes 16 in the central zone 12 is smaller than in the two edge zones 13 and 14.
- the averaging allows for varying hole sizes a systematic description of the hole size distribution and can be done over the entire area of the central zone 12 and the edge zones 13 and 14 respectively.
- a moving average for the hole size can also be used in each case.
- the moving average may be determined as the arithmetic mean of the hole sizes within a given sub-area. In this case, all holes 16 are considered, which are arranged completely or with a predetermined fraction within the sub-area.
- the partial surface may be formed, for example, as a square or a circle.
- the partial surface may for example also be formed as an elongated rectangle which extends parallel to the cutting direction 9 over the entire perforated portion 15 of the shaving foil 6 and parallel to the transverse direction 18 has dimensions in the range of the size of a hole 16 or a few holes 16.
- a good averaging and at the same time a high resolution for the description of the size variation of the holes 16 parallel to the transverse direction 18 can be achieved.
- a similar effect can also be achieved by including in the averaging, in each case, all holes 16 which are cut by a line running parallel to the cutting direction 9.
- the averaging can in each case also be based on a fixed number of holes 16 which are in a predefined neighborhood ratio to the point for which the mean value is to be calculated. For example, in each case a predetermined number of holes 16 are used whose centers have the smallest distances to the point. Unless otherwise stated, these variants of averaging can also be used in the exemplary embodiments of the shaving foil 6 described below and also apply to other exemplary embodiments of the shaving foil 6, which are not explicitly described.
- An array of holes 16 may be generated, for example, by a method derived from the Russian mathematician Georgi F. Voronoi. This theory is described in G. Voronoi's “Recherches sur les Paralleloedres Primitives", Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Volume 134, pages 198-287 (1908). provide aperiodic arrangement of holes 16.
- Voronoi decomposition of the plane is described in more detail, with which the arrangement of holes 16 shown in Fig. 6 was generated. Details of this procedure can be found in A. Okabe, B. Boots and K. Sugihara: "Spatial Tesselations - Concepts and Applications”. cations of Voronoi Diagrams ", publisher John Wiley & Sons (1992), ISBN 0 471 93430 5.
- FIGS. 7 to 10 each show a snapshot during the generation of a Voronoi diagram.
- each generator point 19 is first generated in a plane, for example. Then, for each generator point 19, an environment is determined in which each surface element is closer to the respective generator point 19 than to any other generator point 19.
- This environment has the form of a polygon, which is also referred to as a Voronoi polygon.
- the Voronoi polygons cover the entire level completely, so that there is a tiling of the plane.
- the Voronoi polygons cover the plane with a periodic pattern.
- the pattern of the Voronoi polygons is also aperiodic.
- a surface-filling arrangement of Voronoi polygons is also referred to below as a phononi diagram.
- Voronoi polygons One way of generating the Voronoi polygons is to construct connecting lines 20 between each generator point 19 to all adjacent generator points 19. This is shown in FIG. 8.
- a perpendicular bisector 21 is determined which is orthogonal to the respective connecting line 20 and intersects the connecting line 20 in the middle between the connected generator points 19. This is shown in FIG. 9.
- the mid-perpendiculars 21 in turn intersect each other.
- the intersections of the mid-perpendiculars 21 form the vertices of the Voronoi polygons.
- the Voronoi polygons constructed in this manner are shown in FIG.
- the Voronoi polygons each have a convex shape, i. H. the internal angles of their corners are each less than 180 °.
- Voronoi diagrams are each formed as webs 17 having a predetermined width.
- the remaining between the webs 17 surfaces of the Voronoi polygons are each executed as holes 16.
- the formation of Voronoi diagrams depends on the arrangement of the generator points 19. Distributing the generator points 19 statistically in the plane gives Voronoi diagrams containing a large variation of Voronoi polygons with very small to very large surface areas. Such Voronoi diagrams are too irregular as a basis for the formation of shear films 6. In the context of the invention is therefore intended to use Voronoi diagrams, which have a greater regularity.
- Voronoi diagrams may be generated, for example, by a method called “simple sequential inhibition process” (see HX Zhu, SM Thorpe and AH Windle: “The Geometrical Properties of Irregular Two-Dimensional Vorono-tesselations", Philosophical Magazine) A, Vol. 81, Number 12, pages 2765-2783 (2001)).
- a first generator point 19 is randomly arranged in the plane. Thereafter, the position of another generator point 19 is determined at random. If the further generator point 19 is too close to the first generator point 19, the further generator point 19 is discarded and its position is redetermined. This is repeated until the further generator point 19 has at least one fixed minimum distance d from the first generator point 19.
- this approach corresponds to the generation of a random distribution of circular disks whose center is in each case a generator point 19 and which have the predetermined minimum distance d as the diameter 5, the circular disks not being allowed to overlap. In this case, the largest possible minimum distance d can be realized by generating a hexagonal arrangement of circular disks.
- the area F he ⁇ agon of a hexagon with a width across flats d ⁇ agon he is:
- a regularity parameter a can be defined as the ratio between the minimum distance d and the hexagon wrench size d he ⁇ agon , which represents the maximum possible minimum distance d:
- the regularity parameter ⁇ in this case also has the value 0.
- the minimum distance d corresponds to the key width d he ⁇ a g on -
- the regularity parameter a has the value 1.
- Shear films 6, which are based on Voronoi diagrams with different regularity parameters a, are shown in FIGS. 11 and 12.
- 11 and 12 show further embodiments of the shaving foil 6 in a developed detail.
- the holes 16 of the shear foil 6 are formed as Voronoi polygons, which within the central zone 12 a have smaller mean surface area than within the edge zones 13 and 14.
- the edge zones 13 and 14 each seamlessly into the central zone 12 via.
- the regularity parameter a has a value of 0.7 in each segment.
- the regularity parameter a has a value of 0.8 in each segment. Accordingly, the shear foil 6 in the embodiment of Fig. 12 in the individual zones on a more regular pattern than in the embodiment of Fig. 11. This is true both in terms of area and in terms of the shape of the Voronoi polygons.
- the generator points 19 within one of the zones are determined. Thereafter, the generator points 19 of an adjacent zone, for example, the edge zone 13 are determined. In each case, it is checked whether the minimum distance d to the generator points 19 of the currently and the previously processed zone is complied with. For processing further zones, the procedure is analogous. In each case care is taken to ensure that for each newly determined generator point 19, the minimum distance to all previous generator points 19 of the present and all previously processed zones is met. For each zone, a separate regularity parameter a can be specified. It is also possible to specify the same regularity parameter a for all zones. In the first zone, the generator points 19 can also be arranged periodically or quasi-periodically. If a seamless transition is to be made to the other zones, then the generator points 19 in the other zones are not arranged periodically or quasi-periodically.
- Voronoi diagrams for a shaving foil 6 in the production of Voronoi diagrams for a shaving foil 6, the above-described specification of the minimum distance d between the generator points 19 can be dispensed with, thereby initially producing a statistical distribution of Voronoi polygons.
- the resulting pattern is referred to in the following as Poisson Voronoi pattern.
- the calculated focal points are the generator points 19 of a new Voronoi diagram.
- the Voronoi polygons of the new Voronoi diagram are more uniform than the Voronoi polygons of the underlying Poisson Voronoi pattern.
- the centroids can be calculated and used as new generator points 19.
- the center of gravity calculation does not necessarily have to be based on a spatially constant mass density. It is also possible to use a spatially varying mass density (see Q. Du, V. Faber and M. Gunzburger: "Centroidal Voronoi Tessellations: Applications and Algorithms", SIAM Review, vol. 41, number 4, pages 637-676 (1999).) In this case, the iterative method converges to a centroid Voronoi diagram that exhibits Voronoi polygons with a small surface area and low mass density sites with large area Voronoi polygons at high density sites Mass density p (x, y) and the surface area F (x, y) of the Voronoi polygons the following relationship:
- a desired distribution of the surface area of the Voronoi polygons and thus the size of the holes 16 of the shaving foil 6 can be produced.
- the size of the holes 16 can vary both steadily and discontinuously.
- An embodiment of a shaving foil 6 with a continuously varying size of the holes 16 is shown in FIG.
- FIG. 13 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the shaving foil 6 in a developed detail.
- the size of the holes 16 varies continuously and has a minimum value in the region of the zenith 11 of the curve 10. As the distance from the zenith 11 increases, the size of the holes 16 increases.
- the curve according to which the size of the holes 16 varies is shown in FIG.
- FIG. 14 shows a diagram for the course of the size of the holes 16 for the exemplary embodiment of the shaving foil 6 shown in FIG. 13.
- the abscissa shows the distance y of the holes 16 from the zenith 11.
- the size of the hole area F is plotted.
- the actual course of the size of the average hole area F is further shown. As can be seen from FIG. 14, the actual course agrees to a good approximation with the desired sine function.
- y represent the respective distance from the zenith 11 of the curvature 10 of the shaving foil 6
- E is the modulus of elasticity of the skin
- R is the radius of curvature 10 of the shaving foil 6
- b is half the width of the contact surface in the y-direction, ie. H. the shaving foil 6 abuts the skin in the region -b ⁇ y ⁇ + b.
- P is the force per unit length with which the razor 1 is pressed against the skin during shaving.
- the pressure q (y) has the value 0.
- the indentation of the skin in one of the holes 16 can be estimated by integrating the Boussinesq solution for the impression of a punctiform indentor over the hole.
- the underlying theory in this respect is in J. Boussinesq: "Application of the Potentiels a l'Equilibre et du Mouvment des Solides Elastiques, Gauthier-Villars (1885).
- the depth D of the skin bulge with respect to the plane of the hole 16 in the center of the hole 16 results in:
- v is the transverse contraction number of the skin.
- the factor F is a measure of the area of the hole 16. For square or rectangular holes 16 are similar
- the above formula for the depth D of skin bulge is thus also approximately applicable to hexagons and Voronoi polygons.
- FIG. 15 shows a diagram for a possible course of the depth D of the skin bulge as a function of the azimuth angle ⁇ .
- the abscissa shows the azimuth angle ⁇ , the ordinate the depth D of the skin bulge.
- the diagram refers to a razor 1 with two shear films 6.
- the representation is chosen so that it reproduces the conditions in the region of one of the two shear films 6, wherein on the left side of the diagram, the other foil 6 with a mirror image of the Depth D of skin invagination would connect.
- the plotted points represent measured values which were determined for a test person with the shaver 1 shown in FIG.
- the formula (I) can therefore be used to determine the size of the holes 16 of the shaving foil 6 for a desired depth D of the skin bulge.
- the formula (I) is resolved according to the radius r. It is particularly advantageous if the depth D of the skin bulge corresponds to a thickness sf of the shaving foil 6. In this case, the hair from the lower blade 5 is severed directly on the skin surface, i would like the lower blade 5, the skin but not yet touched.
- FIG. 16 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the shaving foil 6 in a developed detail.
- This embodiment is provided for a razor 1 with two shaving foils 6.
- the azimuth angle K max for which the local pressure q is at a maximum, is approximately 10 ° and approximately corresponds to the mean extent of a hole 16.
- the holes 16 are formed as regular hexagons.
- one edge zone 13 or 14 adjoins each, in which the holes 16 are formed as Voronoi polygons and are on average larger than in the central zone 12.
- the Voronoi polygons were designed according to the Lloyd Procedures designed and not exceed a given maximum size.
- the size of the holes 16 varies according to the formula (K).
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Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006052622A DE102006052622A1 (de) | 2006-11-08 | 2006-11-08 | Scherfolie für einen elektrischen Rasierapparat |
| PCT/EP2007/009070 WO2008055583A1 (de) | 2006-11-08 | 2007-10-19 | Scherfolie für einen elektrischen rasierapparat |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2099591A1 true EP2099591A1 (de) | 2009-09-16 |
| EP2099591B1 EP2099591B1 (de) | 2012-03-07 |
Family
ID=38691845
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07819135A Active EP2099591B1 (de) | 2006-11-08 | 2007-10-19 | Scherfolie für einen elektrischen rasierapparat |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US8087175B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP2099591B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP5208956B2 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN101535012B (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE548163T1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102006052622A1 (de) |
| RU (1) | RU2444432C2 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2008055583A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006052622A1 (de) * | 2006-11-08 | 2008-05-15 | Braun Gmbh | Scherfolie für einen elektrischen Rasierapparat |
| JP5421834B2 (ja) | 2010-03-26 | 2014-02-19 | パナソニック株式会社 | 電気かみそり |
| WO2012134175A2 (ko) * | 2011-03-28 | 2012-10-04 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 전도성 기판 및 이를 포함하는 터치스크린 |
| JP2016518213A (ja) * | 2013-05-17 | 2016-06-23 | ハイブリツド・レイザー・リミテツド | シェービング装置 |
| JP2016067589A (ja) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-05-09 | 株式会社泉精器製作所 | ロータリー式電気かみそり |
| JP2025024845A (ja) * | 2023-08-08 | 2025-02-21 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | ネット外刃用部材、ネット外刃用部材を用いて形成されるネット外刃およびネット外刃を備える電気かみそり |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2198833A (en) * | 1938-04-26 | 1940-04-30 | Gillette Safety Razor Co | Shaving implement |
| GB524471A (en) * | 1939-01-31 | 1940-08-07 | Wilkinson Sword Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to mechanical shavers and hair cutters |
| US2234929A (en) * | 1939-11-22 | 1941-03-11 | Chicago Flexible Shaft Co | Shaving implement |
| US2345263A (en) * | 1942-05-18 | 1944-03-28 | Chicago Flexible Shaft Co | Dry shaver |
| US2616170A (en) * | 1942-11-04 | 1952-11-04 | Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co | Cutting plate of dry-shaving apparatus |
| DE1752740U (de) * | 1957-02-13 | 1957-09-19 | Otto Huebner | Scherblatt fuer trockenrasierapparate. |
| DE1797581U (de) * | 1957-12-27 | 1959-10-08 | Siemens Ag | Schmiegsames schersieb fuer ein trokkenrasiergeraet. |
| DE1119716B (de) * | 1959-08-19 | 1961-12-14 | Max Braun Fa | Siebfolie fuer Trockenrasierapparate |
| NL291381A (de) | 1962-04-11 | |||
| CH403553A (de) * | 1963-06-06 | 1965-11-30 | Apag Apparatebau Ag Goldach | Für den Scherkopf von Trockenrasierapparaten bestimmte siebartige Schneidfolie |
| CH424528A (fr) * | 1964-05-29 | 1966-11-15 | Laprom Corp | Grille de rasoir électrique |
| AT249544B (de) * | 1964-12-07 | 1966-09-26 | Carinthia Elektrogeraete Ges M | Siebscherfolie für Trockenrasierapparate |
| NL6615194A (de) * | 1966-10-27 | 1968-04-29 | ||
| US3453909A (en) * | 1968-03-27 | 1969-07-08 | Victor Yager | Shear plate and screen for dry shaver |
| DE2037871C3 (de) * | 1969-08-26 | 1975-03-06 | Braun Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Scherfolie für Trockenrasierapparate |
| DE2321028A1 (de) * | 1973-04-26 | 1974-11-14 | Braun Ag | Im scherkopf eines trockenrasierapparates verstellbar angeordnete siebfolie |
| JPS5748232B2 (de) * | 1973-10-08 | 1982-10-14 | ||
| US3893236A (en) * | 1974-11-11 | 1975-07-08 | Gillette Co | Dry shaver |
| DE2455723C2 (de) * | 1974-11-25 | 1983-01-20 | Braun Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Scherfolie für Trockenrasierapparate |
| JPS5280957A (en) * | 1975-12-26 | 1977-07-07 | Seiko Epson Corp | Outer blade of reciprocating type electric shaver |
| JPS5923824B2 (ja) * | 1975-12-31 | 1984-06-05 | 松下電工株式会社 | オウフクシキデンキカミソリノソトバ |
| JPS54148659A (en) * | 1978-05-12 | 1979-11-21 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Outer edge of electric razor |
| JPS54150255A (en) * | 1978-05-15 | 1979-11-26 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Outer blade for electric shaver |
| AU520147B2 (en) * | 1980-03-15 | 1982-01-14 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd. | Blade assembly of electric shaver |
| JPS6038456Y2 (ja) * | 1982-06-24 | 1985-11-16 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 電気かみそりの刃部 |
| US5031318A (en) * | 1990-03-22 | 1991-07-16 | The Gillette Company | Safety razor |
| USD362739S (en) * | 1994-05-17 | 1995-09-26 | Remington Products Company | Apertured foil for electric dry shavers |
| US5965235A (en) * | 1996-11-08 | 1999-10-12 | The Procter & Gamble Co. | Three-dimensional, amorphous-patterned, nesting-resistant sheet materials and method and apparatus for making same |
| US5901446A (en) * | 1997-09-15 | 1999-05-11 | Remington Corporation, L.L.C. | Long hair cutting and beard lifting foil construction |
| US6421052B1 (en) * | 1999-04-09 | 2002-07-16 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method of seaming and expanding amorphous patterns |
| JP4569985B2 (ja) * | 2000-01-18 | 2010-10-27 | 九州日立マクセル株式会社 | 電気かみそり |
| DE10139209A1 (de) * | 2001-08-09 | 2003-03-06 | Braun Gmbh | Scherfolie für ein Schersystem |
| JP2004350824A (ja) * | 2003-05-28 | 2004-12-16 | Izumi Products Co | 電気かみそりの外刃および電気かみそり |
| US7845079B2 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2010-12-07 | The Gillette Company | Shaving foil |
| US20070022606A1 (en) * | 2005-07-29 | 2007-02-01 | Mcguire Kenneth S | Shaving foil |
| DE102006052622A1 (de) * | 2006-11-08 | 2008-05-15 | Braun Gmbh | Scherfolie für einen elektrischen Rasierapparat |
-
2006
- 2006-11-08 DE DE102006052622A patent/DE102006052622A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2007
- 2007-10-19 RU RU2009121561/02A patent/RU2444432C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-10-19 AT AT07819135T patent/ATE548163T1/de active
- 2007-10-19 JP JP2009535589A patent/JP5208956B2/ja active Active
- 2007-10-19 WO PCT/EP2007/009070 patent/WO2008055583A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2007-10-19 EP EP07819135A patent/EP2099591B1/de active Active
- 2007-10-19 CN CN200780041702.2A patent/CN101535012B/zh active Active
-
2009
- 2009-05-07 US US12/437,156 patent/US8087175B2/en active Active
-
2011
- 2011-11-29 US US13/305,929 patent/US8701296B2/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2008055583A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2008055583A1 (de) | 2008-05-15 |
| JP2010508921A (ja) | 2010-03-25 |
| DE102006052622A1 (de) | 2008-05-15 |
| CN101535012B (zh) | 2011-12-14 |
| US20120066909A1 (en) | 2012-03-22 |
| US8087175B2 (en) | 2012-01-03 |
| US20090271994A1 (en) | 2009-11-05 |
| RU2444432C2 (ru) | 2012-03-10 |
| JP5208956B2 (ja) | 2013-06-12 |
| US8701296B2 (en) | 2014-04-22 |
| CN101535012A (zh) | 2009-09-16 |
| ATE548163T1 (de) | 2012-03-15 |
| EP2099591B1 (de) | 2012-03-07 |
| RU2009121561A (ru) | 2010-12-20 |
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