EP2094922A1

EP2094922A1 - Locking system with security turning keys

Info

Publication number: EP2094922A1
Application number: EP07845625A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Ulrich Kramer
Original assignee: Kaba AG
Current assignee: Kaba AG
Priority date: 2006-12-21
Filing date: 2007-12-12
Publication date: 2009-09-02
Anticipated expiration: 2027-12-12
Also published as: JP2010513753A; AU2007335177A1; CN101595269A; RU2009127522A; AU2007335177B2; WO2008074171A1; UA96465C2; EP2094922B1; RU2479703C2; IL199125A0; IL199125A; HK1135744A1; CN101595269B; JP5382349B2

Abstract

The locking system has security turning keys (S) and associated cylinders (Z). At the key tips, the keys and also the blanks (S1) thereof have a concave recess (10) which interacts with a convex formation (20) on a displaceable counterpart (21) in the cylinders such that, when the key is entirely inserted, the concave recess (10) rests flat on the convex formation (20) on the counterpart, and a key without said concave recess is locked out (a) by the convex formation of the counterpart, thus preventing complete insertion, and such that a locking or switching function is made possible by the counterpart. Starting from the key tip, the concave recess (10) first of all has a first inclination (N1) and subsequently a second inclination (N2) to the key axis, with the second inclination being greater than the first inclination. These concave recesses (10) which are difficult to copy are already provided on the blanks. This provides protection for the blanks, and the security and permutation capacity of the locking system are increased.

Description

LOCKING SYSTEM WITH SAFETY TURN KEYS

The invention relates to a locking system with security reversible keys and associated cylinders according to the preamble of claim 1, and corresponding key blanks and security reversible key according to the preamble of claim 11 and a method for their preparation according to the preamble of claim 10.

In the Schliesstechnik consist of the fundamental and ongoing tasks, even more difficult to prevent the unauthorized copying of keys with better and better means and on the other to increase the number of possible permutations of a key and thus the security of the locking systems.

Such a key is known from US Pat. No. 5,438,857 with an insertion lock as an additional security element. Here, an additional control surface is attached to the key, which prevents the insertion of a wrong key with an associated control pin on the cylinder input. This control pin is longer than an encoder pin and extends beyond the center plane of the key. The control surface is formed on the key tip as a rising oblique inlet slope. It also extends beyond the median plane of the key and raises the control pin and pushes it out of the way. This control pin prevents the insertion of keys without the correct control surface. These control surfaces can already be attached to the key blank and enable thus a blank protection. These oblique control surfaces are probably an additional complication, but they are still not difficult to copy. It is therefore very important to create a much higher copy protection with new methods.

From WO 01/77466 on the other hand, a key system with security reversible keys is known, which have at the key tip a horizontal block groove (BN) with a coded block depth. In the associated cylinder, a Blockzuhaltungspaar is attached to the rearmost coding position with a prolonged Blockzuzuhaltung, which prevents the Ganz-plugging a key with too low block groove. This block-groove coding gives higher permutation capacities. Even such a horizontal block groove is still not difficult to copy.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a system with security

To provide reversible keys and associated cylinders, which overcomes the disadvantages of known systems and has an improved copy protection for keys and blanks with a shape that is already present on the blank and is very difficult to define and copy, and which also higher Permutationskapazitäten for any Applications allows.

Moreover, safe operation over a long period of use and insensitivity to wear should be achieved and rational, cost-effective mass production should be possible.

This object is achieved erf durchndungsgemäss by a locking system with security reversible keys with associated cylinder according to claim 1, by blanks and security reversible key with associated cylinder according to claim 11, and by a method for producing such key according to claim 10. The concave recesses on the key tips act together with a convex shape on a counterpart in an associated cylinder, so that the concave recess rests flat on the convex shape on the counterpart with completely inserted key on the counterpart, and a blank or a key without this concave recess is locked out by the convex shape of the counterpart, ie a complete insertion is prevented. These concave recesses are difficult to define and correspondingly very difficult is unauthorized copying thereof as well as the convexities in the cylinder. The concave recesses can be made in a variety of different shape variants, so that thus a correspondingly much higher permutation capacity can be achieved.

The dependent claims relate to advantageous developments of

Invention, which provides further advantages in terms of security of a locking system, copy security of blanks, keys and cylinders with respect to long

Longevity and wear and a higher number of permutations and applications allow.

In the following the invention will be explained with reference to embodiments and figures. Showing:

1 shows an inventive blank or safety reversible key with concave recesses on the key tip and convex formations on a counterpart in the cylinder,

2a, b, c, d examples of concave recesses with a rounded portion,

Fig. 3a is an example of a concave recess with additional straight

sections

3b, 4 a generating cutter, for example of Fig. 3a,

5 generation of a widened concave recess, Fig. 6a, b arrangements of concave recesses in different

Partial areas of a key cross section,

Fig. 7a, b, c concave recesses on an asymmetric key tip, Fig. 8 shows an assignment of different variants of concave recesses to different market areas and

Application segments, Fig. 9a, b, c a concave recess with ramp surfaces for tumblers and with a block groove in three views,

10 is a double-cylinder lock with concave recesses on the key and convex formations in the cylinder,

Fig. 1 Ia, b, c, d concave recesses, which by a cutter with

Cutter axis are generated parallel to the y-axis, in different

views

12, a concave recess, which is produced by a milling cutter with an angle to the y-axis,

13 shows a further example of a milling cutter profile and the concave recess produced therewith; FIGS. 14a, b, c show a concave recess which is produced by a milling cutter with cutter axis parallel to the z axis in three views.

1 illustrates the locking system according to the invention with a safety turning key S or a key blank S 'with at least two coding rows Ai on the flat sides and with an associated cylinder Za, Zb (shown in FIG. 10) and with tumblers 3 (shown eg in FIG Fig. 6 and 7a), wherein by turning the cylinder, a closing or switching function 9 is exercised. The key tips 11 have a concave recess 10, which cooperates with a convex formation 20a, 20b on a displaceable counterpart 21a, 21b, so that the concave recess 10 rests flat on the counterpart when the key is fully inserted on the convex formation 20a, 20b Blank or a key without this concave recess 10 through the convex molding 20 is locked out on the counterpart, ie a complete insertion is prevented and wherein the counterpart 21, a coupling part in the x direction in a closing or switching position is displaced.

As is further shown in FIGS. 2a-d, the concave recess 10, proceeding from the wrench tip in the direction of the key axis x, initially has a first inclination Nl and then a second inclination N2 to the key axis, the second inclination being greater than that first slope (N2> Nl).

1 and 10 show an example of a double cylinder Za, Zb, wherein by inserting a key with the correct concave recess 10, the counterpart 21a, which is designed here as a sliding coupling part 22a, is inserted positively into a closing or switching element 23. By subsequently turning the fully inserted key S, the closing or switching element 23 is rotated, thereby effecting a closing or switching function 9, e.g. a lock of a lock or an actuation of an electrical contact in a conventional manner.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 10, the counterpart 21 in addition to the convex molding 20 also have a concave support portion 25, which corresponds to a convex shape of the key tip 11 next to the concave recess 10. Thus, the support surface can be increased.

The inventive concave recesses 10 on the key tip 11 and the associated convex protrusions 20 in the cylinder are further explained in the following FIGS. 2-5.

FIGS. 2a-d show, on keys S or blanks S 'with a median plane 5 in section in the x-direction, different shapes of concave recesses 10.1-10.3 with a rounded region 13 starting from a small first inclination Nl with respect to the x-axis , which merges into a much larger inclination N2. These concave recesses are associated with convex formations 20.1 - 20.3 on the counterparts 21.1 - 21.3 in the cylinder, so that the concave recesses 10 rest on the convex formations 20 when the key is fully inserted. A blank or key without the concave recess 10, however, abut with its ramp surface 35 at the key tip on the convex formation 20 and thereby blocked or stopped in a lockout distance a, so that the key not further (completely) inserted and the cylinder thus can not be turned.

These concave recesses 10 can be produced with a milling cutter 40 whose milling cutter axis 41.1 is perpendicular to the x-axis and which runs parallel to the y-axis. In this case, the cutter 40 is moved on a cutter path 42. The radius R of the milling cutter then also corresponds to the radius R of the rounded regions 13 of the concave recesses 10.

Fig. 2a shows a concave recess 10.1 with a small radius Rl of eg 1 mm for a key thickness d = 2.5 mm. This corresponds to a ratio of Rl / d = 0.4. The first and second inclinations here are Nl = 0 °, N2 = 90 ° and the difference of inclinations N2 - Nl = 90 °. This concave recess 10.1 can only be arranged outside the casserole areas 7 of the tumblers 3, since the inclination N in the casserole area should be at most approximately 45 ° (see FIG. 6) or the casserole angle Nz of the tumblers 3 at the key tip 11 , For this purpose, ramp surfaces 31 can be formed in a ramp area of tumblers (FIG. 2d). The maximum inclination N2 can also be limited here by a block groove BN (see FIG. 7c). Pl designates here the next coding position with coding levels C1-C4. The cutter movement 42 runs parallel to the x-axis and the lockout distance or the lockout distance a of a key without a concave recess 10.1 is, for example, a = 1.1 mm, which is effected by an associated convex formation 20.1 on a counterpart 21.1 in the cylinder. Fig. 2b shows a recess 10.1 generating cutter 40.1 with a cutter axis 41.1, which is parallel to the z-axis. In the zy plane, the cutter 40.1 has a width bl, which here corresponds to the width bl of the recess 10 and where bl is greater than the depth tl of the recess 10. The recess 10 has a surface Fl in cross-section and a length 11 in x direction on.

Fig. 2c shows an example with a larger radius R2 of e.g. R2 = 2 mm and correspondingly with a ratio R2 / d = 0.8. The Fräserbewegung 42 takes place here first parallel to the x-axis and then in the 45 ° direction. The concave recess 10.2 with inclinations Nl = 0 °, N2 = 45 ° is rounded over a region 13 with an inclination N = 0 ° - 45 °. This recess 10.2 may be arranged in the ramp area 7, if the maximum inclination N of the concave recess is preferably at most 45 °. The lockout distance is smaller here, with e.g. only a = 0.7 mm.

The concave recesses 10 are formed so that they do not extend or as little as possible into the nearest coding position Pl, so that no coding stages Ci omitted. On the other hand, the lockout distance a should be sufficiently large to effect a secure massive lockout of a false key. For this purpose, the cut-off distance a can be in a range of 0.5-1.5 mm, preferably 0.8-1.2 mm, or a ratio a / d of 0.25-0.6, preferably 0.3-0.5. Preferably, the concave recess 10 is cut relatively low (t1) and can reach close to the center plane 5, so that the minimum distance e from the center plane is preferably at most 10 to 15% of the key thickness d. The distance e may also be 0% of d (FIG. 7).

Fig. 2d shows a concave recess 10.3 with a small radius Rl, which first parallel to the x-axis with a first inclination Nl = 0 °, then with a curved Range 13 of N = 0 ° to 45 ° and last with a second inclination N2 = 45 °, which forms a ramp surface 31 for tumblers 3. The lockout distance here is a = 1.1 mm, generated by the convex shape 20.3 on the counterpart 21.3. FIGS. 2 a and 2 d represent more favorable variants than FIGS. 2 c with a larger shut-off distance a.

The shape of the concave recesses 10 is preferably chosen so that a secure lockout of false keys is achieved, but that they do not extend into the coding stages Ci of the closest coding position Pl and so that they are difficult to define and copy. For this purpose, the first inclination Nl of the concave recess 10 to the key axis between 0 ° and 10 ° are, i. be very small and the second inclination N2 of the concave recess may be at least 40 °, i. preferably be large. The difference between the first and second inclinations N2 - Nl should be at least 30 °.

This can be achieved by a rounded portion 13 with a relatively small, narrow radius R in relation to the key thickness d. In this case, the concave recess 10 in the direction of the key axis x have a rounded portion with a radius R of at most 2 mm. And the concave recess may have a rounded portion with a radius R smaller than the thickness d of the key. Preferably, the ratio of radius to key thickness R / d can be between 0.4 and 0.8.

Figures 3a, 3b, 4 and 5 show further examples 10.11 with rounded (13) and conical or straight areas, which with a cutter 40.11 with conical sections, with a cutter axis 41.11 and with a cutter movement 42 parallel to the x-axis are generated, and the associated convex shape 20.11, on Counterpart 21.11 in the cylinder. In the sectional view of Fig. 3a, the concave recess 10.11 straight portions with inclinations Nl and N2. Preferably, such concave recesses 10 may also have at least one inclined straight section in the x-direction in the section or at least three different straight and rounded sections or sections.

Fig. 3a shows a concave recess 10.11, which can be produced with a milling cutter 40.11, with a straight section with a first inclination of e.g. Nl = 10 ° and a subsequent arc with radius R, which merges into a straight section with a second inclination N2 of about 60 °. An associated convex formation 20.11 causes a key S without this concave recess 10.11 a lockout over the distance a.

Fig. 3b shows the generating cutter 40.11 in the x-z plane and Fig. 4 in the y-z plane, in which case the cutter axis 41.11 lies in the surface of the key S, S '. The generated recess 10.11 lies within the semicircle 40.11 of FIG. 4.

5 illustrates how a broadening of the concave recess in the y-direction can be produced with a milling cutter 40.12 having a milling cutter axis 41.12 in the x direction. For this purpose, the cutter is first moved in the direction of the x-axis as shown in Fig. 3a and then moved parallel in the y-direction by the distance 42. This results in a corresponding broadening of the recess 10, which is e.g. Can form ramp surfaces 31 for Codierungszuhaltungen 3 with a corresponding inclination.

In order to fulfill all the objects of the invention and to achieve a safe functioning, the concave recesses 10 according to the invention are optimally positioned and relatively large and compactly shaped: relatively wide and deep and short with respect to the key size and the very limited space at the key tip; that is, to perform additional security functions without reducing the space for all the coding functions of a high performance key.

For this purpose, the length 11 in the x-direction, the width b1 and the depth t1 and the surface F1 in the cross section of the concave recesses 10 may preferably have the following relative magnitudes, it may be:

the width bl of the concave recess 10 is at least 20-40% greater than the width b2 of the tumblers 3,

the width bl of the concave recess 10 is at least 50% of its length 11,

- The cross-sectional area Fl of the concave recess 10 at least 6% of the cross-sectional area F of the key, preferably at least 8% - 10%

- The cross-sectional area Fl of the concave recess 10 should be greater than the cross-sectional area F2 of the tumblers 3, preferably at least 20 - 50% greater.

- The width bl of the concave recess 10 preferably at least 25 - 30% of the key width

This corresponds to the examples described in the figures.

A closure system according to the invention may comprise keys and blanks having two or more different variants of concave recesses 10i on the key tips 11 and corresponding mating convexities 20i on the counterparts 21 in the cylinders. Thus, the permutation capacity and the copy security of the locking system can be further increased. These variants may have different shapes of the concave recesses 10i.

FIGS. 6 a, b schematically illustrate examples of the arrangement of concave recesses 10. 1, 10. 2 in different subregions 12. 1, 12. 2, 12 Key cross-section 12 with respect to the position of the coding rows Ai and the coding tumblers 3 with the tumbler axes 4, which lie in the planes of the coding rows Ai.

Fig. 6a shows an example with three coding rows Al, A2, A3, wherein the planes of Al and A2 are parallel to the z-axis and the plane of A3 parallel to the y-axis. The concave recesses 10.1 in a partial area 12.1 are arranged here outside the casserole areas 31 of the tumblers 3 of the coding rows Ai, and the concave recesses 10.2 in the partial area 12.3 lie in the casserole area 31 of the coding row A1, which is why their maximum inclination N in the casserole area 7 of the tumbler tips is at most 45 ° be equal to or Nz.

As a further variant, a locking system, e.g. also have two identical concave recesses 10.2, which, however, on different sides, left or right of a key (seen from above on the key tip, 1 = left side, r = right side) are attached: Right here in the sub-area 12.2 and / or left symmetric in subsection 12.3. Thus, for example, keys with a recess 10.2 in the partial area 12.2 for cylinders of a first installation and keys with a recess 10.2 in the partial area 12.3 for a second installation and keys with recesses 10.2 in the partial area 12.2 and in the partial area 12.3 can be created for both installations as well as for one third system with cylinders, which have associated convex formations 20.2 in both partial areas 12.2 and 12.3.

FIG. 6 b shows an example with inclined coding or tumbler rows Al - A 5 with the angles W a, Wa 2 between the tumbler axes 4 and the coding planes Al, A 2 and the z axis. Here, too, a concave recess 10.1 lies in a partial area 12.1 outside the casserole areas 7 of the tumblers. A concave recess 10.2 in a partial region 12.2 lies partially in an emergence region 7 of the coding series A2. Thus, closing systems can be created with different variants of concave recesses, which are formed in different subregions 12.1, 12.2 of the key cross section 12.

The opposite in the key center 6 recesses 10.1 in the sub-areas 12.1, however, are very unfavorable, since the depth tl is very limited here.

The further examples of FIGS. 7-14 show advantageous variants of concave recesses 10, which are arranged next to the key center 6 and which are particularly large in cross-sectional area Fl, width b1 and depth t1 or minimum distance e from the center line 5 of the key , For this purpose, the recesses 10 are optimally positioned so that they contain a coding row A, wherein they are adapted in shape to the tumblers 3 of this coding series (32 in Fig. 7).

For this purpose, the concave recess 10:

contain a casserole area 7 of a coding row A,

or it may have a ramp surface 7, 31 for the tumblers 3,

- And it may in addition to the ramp surface 7, 31 and a region having a larger inclination N2.2 of preferably at least 55 °,

and the inclination N of the concave recess 10 may correspond to the Aufiaufwinkel Nz of the tumblers 3 in the casserole area 7, 31 of the coding row A, or be at most 45 °,

or the concave recess 10 may have a ramp surface 31 which is produced with a coding cutter,

(which is particularly efficient to produce)

- or the concave recess 10 may also have a horizontal Blocknut- milling BN,

(which limits the maximum inclination N2.1 (in FIG. 7c) in the ramp area 7, 31 to a value Nz.) The concave recess 10 may include a coding row A with narrow tumblers 3.1, wherein the width b2 is preferably at most 50-55% of the key thickness d. The area F2 of these tumblers 3.1 is then correspondingly small (in FIGS. 7a, b and 9c). Thus, the ratio F1 / F2 correspondingly larger (Fl = area of 10) and thus the inclination N2.2 of the concave recess 10 next to the ramp surfaces 7, 31 are formed larger and N2.2 can be there eg 60 ° to 90 ° ( Fig. 7c).

These advantageous variants of concave recesses 10 with a tumbler row A are further explained in FIGS. 7 to 14.

7a, b show an example with an asymmetrical design of the ramp surfaces 35 on the key tip 11, in that the cutting plane 36 of the ramp surfaces forms an angle W2 of, for example, 10 ° to the median plane 5 of the key S or a blank S ¹ . Preferably, this angle W2 may be in a range between 5 ° and 20 °. Thus, a closing system with increased permutation capacity can be created, for example by five variants with the angles W2 = 0 °, + 10 °, -10 °, + 20 °, -20 °. Moreover, with an asymmetric design of the ramp surfaces 35, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, also more space for the formation of concave recesses 10 can be created up to the center plane 5 zoom. This allows a large area Fl of the concave recess 10 in cross section 12th

6 shows an angle W2 = 0 ° to the cutting plane 36. FIGS. 7a, 7b show a key cross-section 12 with the coding rows A1-A5 and with a tumbler 3 in the coding series A1 , A concave recess 10.8, which here is formed approximately symmetrically to the tumbler Al, can be produced with a cutter 40.8, whose profile corresponds to the recess 40.8 and with a cutter axis 41.2, which lying in the plane yz has an angle Wl to the y-axis. If the same 40.8 router with one Milling cutter axis 41.1 is used parallel to the y-axis, arises in accordance with another variant of the concave recess. In order to achieve with a cutter axis 41.1 (with Wl = 0 °) essentially the same shape 10.8 of the concave recess, another profile shape of the cutter 40 would have to be used accordingly. With the cutter mold 40.8, ramp surfaces 32 are also produced here in the overflow region of the coding series Al, which are adapted to the shape of the tumblers 3.

The run-up area for the tumblers 3, 3.1 consists of run-on surfaces 7 with a width b7 (FIGS. 9a, b, c), so that the run-up angle for the tumblers in the concave recess 10 nowhere exceeds the value Nz. However, such run-on surfaces 7, 31 can also be produced after the production of the concave recesses 10 on the blank with a first cutter 40 and then (decentralized) with a second coding cutter in the ramp area 7, 31, so that there a desired maximum inclination N of e.g. 42 ° - 45 ° is not exceeded.

Fig. 7c shows a further possibility, the permissible inclination N of the concave recess 10 in the casserole area 7, 31 of the tumblers not to exceed. Here, the concave recess 10.8 may additionally have a horizontal Blocknut- milling BN. Such a block groove is described in WO 01/77466. Thus, an additional coding in the form of a block code can be performed. 7c shows in perspective a section with a sectional plane which corresponds to the encoding plane A1 at a key tip 11 analogous to the example of FIG. 9 with a concave recess 10.9. In the sectional plane Al (in the ramp area 7, 31), this recess 10.8 has a first inclination of Nl = 0 ° and then a rounded region 13 with a maximum second inclination of N2.1 = Nz. Then follows a horizontal block groove BN, which is generated for example with a coding cutter. Outside the casserole area 7, the concave Recess 10.8 a stronger second inclination, which is here, for example, N2.2 = 60 ° - ie here, the second inclination preferably be significantly more than 45 °.

8 illustrates an allocation of different variants of concave recesses 10 on the keys S and on the blanks S 'to different market and application areas Mi. Thus, in a locking system with several different variants of concave recesses 10i a clear segmentation into independent market - and application areas Mi are determined. These may be geographically different market areas, e.g. for individual countries or representatives, or even technically different fields of application, e.g. of technically different systems with different permutation capacities for different applications and different security requirements. This segmentation in market and application areas by means of different variants of concave recesses 10i can be carried out in an analogous manner, as is explained in WO 01/77466 for an additional block-groove coding.

With these different variants of concave recesses 10i but also additional coding permutations (Cod) can be created. For example, in a system with 40 different variants, for example, 20 different market areas could be clearly distinguished, and in addition 20 new coding permutations could be created.

The erfmdungsgemäße closing system also allows production of keys and cylinders in two stages, wherein in a first higher level more difficult by the system owner, the concave recesses 10 on the key tips and the convexities 20 on the counterparts of the cylinder are made centrally or authorized and in one easier second Stage the further coding of the keys and the placement of the cylinder with counterparts can be done decentralized.

The different variants of concave recesses 10i can be generated by:

different profile shapes of a producing cutter 40, e.g. with the cutters 40.8 of Fig. 7, 40.9 of Fig. 11, 40.6 of Fig. 13 and 40.7 of Fig. 14

as well as through various layers of the milling cutters 41: e.g. the axial positions 41.1 and 41.2 in Figs. 7a and 11, the layers 41.3 in Fig. 12, 41.4 in Fig. 14, 41.11 in Fig. 3 and 41.12 in Fig. 5. These cutter axes are:

41.1 in the y - z plane, parallel to the y axis

41.2 in the y - z plane, with Wl to the y-axis

41.3 in the x - y plane, with W3 to the y axis

41.4 in the x - z plane, parallel to the z-axis 41.11 in the x - z plane, parallel to the x-axis

The cutter axes 41 may be perpendicular to the x-axis with an angle Wl of 0 ° to 20 ° to the y-axis or perpendicular to the z-axis with an angle W3 from 0 ° to 20 ° to the y-axis or perpendicular to the x-axis Axis are at an angle W4 from 0 ° to 20 ° to the z-axis.

- This results in e.g. the following variants of differently shaped concave recesses 10:

10.1 - 10.13 of FIGS. 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 - 14. - In addition, the concave recesses 1 Oi in different

Partitions 12.1, 12.2, 12.3 (Fig. 6) on the left or right side of the key - 1 or r - be provided

- And the cutting planes 36 of the ramp surfaces 35 on the key tip can form different angles W2 to the center plane 5. By combining these factors, for example, with two different cutter shapes 40, three different positions of the cutter axes 41, arrangement in three different portions 12i and with three different angles W2 of the ramp surfaces 35 theoretically a total of 2 x 3 x 3 x 3 = 54 different variants of concave Recesses 1 Oi be generated.

This also means that a particular variant of it is very hard to define and copy.

FIGS. 9a, b, c show a further example of a concave recess 10.9 with a horizontal block groove BN in three views analogous to the example of FIG. 7c. The Blocknutfräsung BN is in the casserole area 7, 31 of the tumblers 3, whose coding plane Al as in the example of Fig. 7a, b an angle of whale of e.g. 15 ° to the z-axis.

Fig. 10 shows a double cylinder lock 1 with the cylinders Za, Zb for key S or blanks S 'with a concave recess 10 on the key tip 11 and with associated convexities 20 on counterparts 21a, 21b in the cylinders Za, Zb. As also shown in Fig. 1, these counterparts are mounted on slidable coupling parts 22a, 22b for actuating a closing or switching element 23. These counterparts 21 can also be used as a separate part, e.g. be designed as extension pieces or they may be formed as an insert and used in a modular system. It can also be in a half-cylinder with the counterpart 21, a coupling member 22 in a closing or switching position to be displaced.

1 ia-d show a key S or a blank S ¹ with a concave recess 10.9, which is produced by a milling cutter 40.9. Its cutter axis

41.1 is parallel to the y-axis. If the same 40.9 cutter with an axle position

41.2 is used with an angle Wl to the y-axis, arises accordingly a new variant with a different shape of the concave recess 10. The angle Wl can be eg 10 ° - 20 °.

Fig. 12 shows a further variant of a concave recess 10.5 which is produced with the cutter 40.9 of Fig. 11, but with a cutter axis 41.3 lying in the x-y plane and having an angle W3 of e.g. 10 ° - 20 ° to the y-axis.

FIG. 13 shows a further variant of a concave recess 10.6, which is produced with a milling cutter 40.6. This has a different profile shape, but the same position of the cutter axis 41.1 parallel to the y-axis as in the example of Fig. 1 Ib.

14a, b, c show in three views a further variant of a concave recess 10.7, which is produced with a milling cutter 40.7, whose axis 41.4 lies in the x - z plane, perpendicular to the y axis and parallel to the z axis. Axis runs. The views of Fig. 14b and c show the concave recess 10.7, which lies partially in a casserole area 7, 31 of a coding row Ai and there forms a ramp surface 31 with an inclination N2 to the x-axis of at most 45 °. This can e.g. with a cutter path 42, which first runs at 0 °, then at 45 ° to the x-axis.

This example has a pronounced, deep concave recess 10.7, which extends almost to the center plane 5 with a minimum distance e of a few% of the key thickness d. This results in a secure lockout of wrong keys. Another cutter axis could also have an angle W4 of e.g. 5 ° - 20 ° to the z-axis have.

The following terms are used in this description: S key

S ¹ blank Z cylinder x key axis x, y, z spatial axes

Pi coding positions

Ai coding series Ci coding steps

Codi encoding permutation

N slope of 10

Nl first inclination

N2 second inclination Nz angle of attack of 3

R radius of 10 or 40

F Area of key cross section 12 b Key width d Key thickness a Lockout distance e Minimum distance from 10 to 5

Fl area of 10 in cross-section bl width of 10 tl depth of 10 11 length of 10 in x-direction

F2 area of 3 in cross section (in 10 with C 1) b2 width of 3 b7 width of the tumbler tip

Wl angle of 41 (in y-z plane) W2 angle of 35

W3 angle of 41 (in x-y plane)

W4 angle of 41 (in y-z plane)

Wa angle from 4 to z direction

1 left side of S r right side of S BN block groove

Mi market areas

I double cylinder lock

3 tumblers 3.1 narrow tumbler

4 axis of 3

5 median plane of S

6 key center (x-z-plane)

7 Bake-up area or mounting surfaces of the tumbler tip 9 Closing or switching function

10, 10i concave recess 10.1 - 10.13 different shapes of 10

I 1 key top

12 Key cross section 12.1, 12.2 Subareas of 12

13 concave rounded area of 10 17 infeed track horizontal

20, 2Oi convex shape

21 Counterpart in Z 22 Coupling part, movable

23 closing or switching element

25 concave area of 21 next to 20

31 ramp surfaces from 3 to 10

32 ramp surfaces like shape of 3 35 ramps on key tip

36 section plane of 35

40 cuttersfor 10

41 cutter axis

41.1 in y - z plane, parallel to y - axis 41.2 in y - z plane, with Wl to y - axis 41.3 in x - y plane, with W3 to y axis

41.4 in x - z plane, parallel to z-axis

41.5 in x - z plane, parallel to x-axis 42 cutter path

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS

1. Locking system with security reversible keys (S) with at least two coding rows (Ai) on the flat sides and with associated cylinders (Z) with tumblers (3), whereby a closing or switching function (9) is exerted by turning the cylinder by a concave recess (10) on the key tips (11), which cooperates with a convex formation (20) on a displaceable counterpart (21) in the cylinders, so that the concave recess (10) with completely inserted key on the convex shape (20) on the counterpart (21) rests flat, and a key without this concave recess is blocked by the convexity of the counterpart (a), ie a complete insertion is prevented, and wherein the concave recess (10) starting from the key tip in the direction of the key axis (x) initially has a first inclination (Nl) and then a second inclination (N2) to the key axis, the second inclination is greater as the first inclination and the concave recess (10) has a concave in the x-direction region (13) and wherein the counterpart (21), a coupling part (22) in the x-direction in a closing or switching position is displaceable.

2. Locking system according to claim 1, characterized by at least two different variants of concave recesses (10.1, 10.2) on the key tips (11) and corresponding, matching convex

Formations (20.1, 20.2) on the counterparts (21) in the cylinder.

3. Locking system according to claim 2, characterized in that the variants have different shapes of the concave recesses (10.1, 10.2) and / or in different sub-areas (12.1, 12.2) of the key cross-section (12) are formed.

4. Locking system according to claim 1, characterized in that a cutting plane (36) of ramp surfaces (35) at the key tip forms an angle (W2) to the median plane (5) of the key, wherein the angle W2 is at most 15 ° - 20 °.

5. Locking system according to claim 1, characterized in that different variants of concave recesses (1Oi) by different shapes and / or by arrangement in different sub-areas (12.1, 12.2) of the key cross-section and / or by different angles (W2) of Auflaufϊlächen (35 ) at the key tip to the median plane

(5) of the key are defined.

6. Locking system according to claim 5, characterized in that with different variants of concave recesses (1Oi) a clear segmentation in independent market areas (Mi) is set.

7. Locking system according to claim 5, characterized in that with different variants of concave recesses (10i) additional coding permutations (Codi) are generated.

8. Locking system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that counterparts (21) are mounted on a displaceable coupling part (22) of a double cylinder or are formed as a separate part.

9. Locking system according to claim 1, characterized in that the counterpart (21) in addition to the convex formation (20) also has a concave bearing area (25) which corresponds to a convex shape of the key tip (11) adjacent to the concave recess (10).

10. Method for producing keys and cylinders of a closing system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the concave recesses (10) on the key tips (11) and the convex formations (20) on the counterparts (21) are manufactured centrally or to be authorized and the further coding of the keys (S) and the

Assembly of the cylinders (Z) can take place decentrally in further stages of production.

11. Key blank (S ¹ ) for a reversible safety key (S) or reversible safety key with at least two coding rows (Ai) on the flat sides with an associated cylinder (Z) with tumblers (3), with a lock by turning the cylinder. or switching function (9) is exercised, characterized by a concave recess (10) on the key tip (11), which with a convex shape (20) on a displaceable

Counterpart (21) cooperates in the cylinder, wherein the concave recess (10) is adapted to lie flat with completely inserted key on the convex formation (20) on the counterpart (21), whereby a blank or key without this concave recess by the convex Forming the counterpart is locked out (a), ie a complete insertion is prevented, and wherein the concave recess (10) starting from the key tip in the direction of the key axis (x) initially a first inclination (Nl) and then a second inclination (N2) to the key axis, wherein the second inclination is greater than the first inclination and the concave recess (10) has a concavely rounded region (13) in the x-direction and wherein with the counterpart (21) a coupling part (22) in the x-direction in a closing or Shift position is displaced.

12. blank or key according to claim 1, characterized in that the first inclination (Nl) of the concave recess (10) to the key axis between 0 ° and 10 ° and that the second inclination (N2) of the concave recess is at least 40 °.

13. blank or key according to claim 11, characterized in that the concave recess (10) includes a casserole area (7) of a coding row (A).

14. blank or key according to claim 13, characterized in that the concave recess (10) has a ramp surface (7, 31) for the tumblers (3).

15. blank or key according to claim 14, characterized in that the concave recess (10) in addition to the ramp surface (7, 31) also has a region with a larger inclination (N2.2) of preferably at least 55 °.

16. blank or key according to claim 13, characterized in that the inclination (N) of the concave recess (10) in the casserole area (7, 31) of the coding row (A) corresponds to the casserole angle (Nz) of the tumblers (3) or at most 45 °.

17 blank or key to spoke 14, characterized in that the concave recess (10) has a ramp surface (31), which is generated with a coding cutter.

18. blank or key according to spoke 13, characterized in that the concave recess (10) also has a horizontal Blocknut-milling (BN).

19 blank or key to spoke 11, characterized in that the width (bl) of the concave recess (10) at least 20 - 40% greater than the width (b2) of the tumblers (3).

20. blank or key according spoke 11, characterized in that the width (bl) of the concave recess (10) is at least 50% of the length (11).

21 blank or key according to spoke 11, characterized in that the cross-sectional area (Fl) of the concave recess (10) is at least 8% of the cross-sectional area (F) of the key.

22 blank or key according to spoke 13, characterized in that the cross-sectional area (Fl) of the concave recess (10) is greater than the cross-sectional area (F2) of the tumblers (3), preferably at least 20 - 50%.

23 blank or key according to spoke 13, characterized in that the concave recess (10) includes a coding series (A) with narrow tumblers (3.1).

24. blank or key according to claim 11, characterized in that the concave recess (10) is produced with a profiled cutter (40) whose axis (41) is perpendicular to the x-axis and an angle (Wl) from 0 ° to 20 ° to the y-axis.

25. blank or key according to claim 11, characterized in that the concave recess (10) is produced with a profiled cutter (40) whose axis (41) is perpendicular to the z-axis and an angle (W3) of 0 ° to 20 ° to the y-axis.

26 blank or key according to claim 11, characterized in that the concave recess (10) with a cutter (40) is generated, whose axis (41) is perpendicular to the x-axis and an angle (W4) of 0 ° to 20 ° to the z-axis.

27. blank or key according to claim 11, characterized in that the concave recess (10) in the direction of the key axis (x) has a rounded portion (13) whose radius (R) is smaller than the thickness (d) of the key or that it is at most 2 mm.

28. Blank or key according to claim 27, characterized in that the ratio (R / d) of radius to key thickness is between 0.4 and 0.8.

29, blank or key according to claim 11, characterized in that the concave recess (10) has in section in the x-direction at least three different, rounded or rounded and straight sections.

30. blank or key according to claim 11, characterized in that the concave recess (10) has a minimum distance (e) to a median plane (5) of the blank or key which is at most 10% of the key thickness (d).

31. blank or key according to claim 11, characterized in that the concave recess (10) is dimensioned so that a lockout by a distance (a) of 0.5 to 1.5 mm results.