EP2094922B1 - Locking system with security turning keys - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a locking system with security reversible keys and associated cylinders according to the preamble of claim 1, and corresponding key blanks and security reversible key according to the preamble of claim 7. Such devices are for example from the WO 01/77466 known.

In the Schliesstechnik consist of the fundamental and ongoing tasks, even more difficult to prevent the unauthorized copying of keys with better and better means and on the other to increase the number of possible permutations of a key and thus the security of the locking systems.

From the U.S. 5,438,857 Such a key is known with an insertion lock as an additional security element. Here is an additional control surface attached to the key, which prevents the insertion of a wrong key with an associated control pin on the cylinder entrance. This control pin is longer than a coding silence and extends beyond the center plane of the key. The control surface is formed on the key tip as a rising oblique inlet slope. It also extends beyond the median plane of the key and raises the control pin and pushes it out of the way. This control pin prevents the insertion of keys without the correct control surface. These control surfaces can already be attached to the key blank and make it possible thus a blank protection. These oblique control surfaces are probably an additional complication, but they are still not difficult to copy. It is therefore very important to create a much higher copy protection with new methods.

From the WO 01/77466 On the other hand, a key system with security reversible keys is known, which have at the key tip a horizontal block groove (BN) with a coded block depth. In the associated cylinder, a Blockzuhaltungspaar is attached to the rearmost coding position with a prolonged Blockzuzuhaltung, which prevents the Ganz-plugging a key with too low block groove. This block-groove coding gives higher permutation capacities. Even such a horizontal block groove is still not difficult to copy.

• Die DE 1 812 051 A1 und die US 3 824 818 betreffen ein Zylinderschloss mit Schlüsseln, wobei im Endabschnitt des Schlüssclschlitzes des Zylinders dieser durch Vorsprünge querschnittprofiliert ist und ein dazugehöriger Flachschlüssel auf seinem Spitzenabschnitt auch entsprechend profiliert ist. Diese Vorsprünge im Zylinder werden gebildet z.B. durch ein fest eingesetztes Füllstück mit Rippen und der profilierte Schlüssel z.B. durch entsprechende Nuten am Spitzenabschnitt.

Other prior art publications are:

• The DE 1 812 051 A1 and the US 3,824,818 relate to a cylinder lock with keys, wherein in the end portion of the Schlschlclitzes of the cylinder this is cross-sectional profiled by projections and an associated flat key is also profiled on its tip portion accordingly. These projections in the cylinder are formed, for example, by a firmly inserted filler with ribs and the profiled key, for example by corresponding grooves on the tip section.

The DE 201 05 519 U1 , the DE 100 31 972 A1 and the EP 1 048 804 A1 do not concern high-security reversible keys with at least two rows of tumblers on the flat sides, but only simple flat keys with a row of tumblers on a narrow side of the keys (spanner) with an additional lateral blocking element and with a permutation capacity which is many orders of magnitude smaller than that of the security device according to the invention. Wendeschlussel.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a system with security reversible keys and with associated cylinders, which overcomes the disadvantages of known systems and has improved copy protection for keys and blanks with a shape that already exists on the blank and very difficult define and copy, and which also allows for higher permutation capacities for any application.

In addition, safe operation over a long period of use and insensitivity to wear should be achieved, and rational, cost-effective mass production should be possible.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a locking system with security reversible keys with associated cylinder according to claim 1, by blanks and security reversible key for an associated cylinder according to claim 7.

The concave recesses on the key tips act together with a convex shape on a counterpart in an associated cylinder, so that the concave recess rests flat on the convex shape on the counterpart with completely inserted key on the counterpart, and a blank or a key without this concave recess is locked out by the convex shape of the counterpart, ie a complete plugging is prevented. These concave recesses are difficult to define and correspondingly very difficult is unauthorized copying thereof as well as the convexities in the cylinder. The concave recesses can be made in a variety of different shape variants, so that thus a correspondingly higher permutation capacity can be achieved.

Fig. 1

einen erfindungsgemässen Rohling oder Sicherheits-Wendeschlüssel mit konkaven Ausnehmungen an der Schlüsselspitze und konvexen Ausformungen an einem Gegenstück im Zylinder,

Fig. 2a, b, c, d

Beispiele von konkaven Ausnehmungen mit einem gerundeten Bereich,

Fig. 3a

ein Beispiel einer konkaven Ausnehmung mit zusätzlichen geraden Abschnitten,

Fig. 3b, 4

ein erzeugender Fräser zum Beispiel von Fig. 3a,

Fig. 5

Erzeugung einer verbreiterten konkaven Ausnehmung,

Fig. 6a, b

Anordnungen von konkaven Ausnehmungen in verschiedenen Teilbereichen eines Schlüsselquerschnitts,

Fig. 7a, b, c

konkave Ausnehmungen an einer asymmetrischen Schlüsselspitze,

Fig. 8

eine Zuordnung von verschiedenen Varianten von konkaven Ausnehmungen zu verschiedenen Marktbereichen und Anwendungssegmenten,

Fig. 9a, b, c

eine konkave Ausnehmung mit Auflaufflächen für Zuhaltungen und mit einer Blocknut in drei Ansichten,

Fig. 10

ein Doppelzylinderschloss mit konkaven Ausnehmungen am Schlüssel und konvexen Ausformungen im Zylinder,

Fig. 11a, b, c, d

konkave Ausnehmungen, welche durch einen Fräser mit Fräserachse parallel zur y-Achse erzeugt sind, in verschiedenen Ansichten,

Fig. 12

eine konkave Ausnehmung, welche durch einen Fräser mit einem Winkel zur y-Achse erzeugt ist,

Fig. 13

ein weiteres Beispiel eines Fräserprofils und der damit erzeugten konkaven Ausnehmung,

Fig. 14a, b, c

eine konkave Ausnehmung, welche erzeugt ist durch einen Fräser mit Fräserachse parallel zur z-Achse in drei Ansichten.

The dependent claims relate to advantageous developments of the invention, which allow further advantages in terms of security of a locking system, copy security of blanks, keys and cylinders in terms of long life and low wear and a higher number of permutations and applications.
In the following the invention will be explained with reference to embodiments and figures. Showing:

Fig. 1

an inventive blank or security reversible key with concave recesses on the key tip and convex formations on a counterpart in the cylinder,

Fig. 2a, b, c, d

Examples of concave recesses with a rounded area,

Fig. 3a

an example of a concave recess with additional straight sections,

Fig. 3b, 4th

a generating cutter for example from Fig. 3a .

Fig. 5

Generation of a widened concave recess,

Fig. 6a, b

Arrangements of concave recesses in different subregions of a key cross-section,

Fig. 7a, b, c

concave recesses on an asymmetrical key tip,

Fig. 8

an assignment of different variants of concave recesses to different market areas and application segments,

Fig. 9a, b, c

a concave recess with ramp surfaces for tumblers and with a block groove in three views,

Fig. 10

a double cylinder lock with concave recesses on the key and convex formations in the cylinder,

Fig. 11a, b, c, d

concave recesses, which are generated by a cutter with cutter axis parallel to the y-axis, in different views,

Fig. 12

a concave recess created by a cutter at an angle to the y-axis,

Fig. 13

a further example of a milling cutter profile and the concave recess produced therewith,

Fig. 14a, b, c

a concave recess, which is generated by a cutter with cutter axis parallel to the z-axis in three views.

Fig. 1 illustrates the inventive locking system with a security reversible key S or a key blank S 'with at least two coding rows Ai on the flat sides and with an associated cylinder Za, Zb (shown in FIG Fig. 10 ) and with tumblers 3 (shown eg in Fig. 6 and 7a ), wherein by turning the cylinder a closing or switching function 9 is exercised. The key tips 11 have a concave recess 10 which cooperates with a convex shape 20a, 20b on a displaceable counterpart 21a, 21b, so that the concave recess 10 rests flat on the counterpart when the key is fully inserted on the convex shape 20a, 20b and a blank or a key without this concave recess 10 through the convex molding 20 is locked out on the counterpart, ie a complete insertion is prevented and wherein the counterpart 21, a coupling part in the x direction in a closing or switching position is displaced.

As in the Fig. 2a - d is further shown, the concave recess 10 starting from the key tip in the direction of the key axis x initially extending a first slope N1 and then a second inclination N2 to the key axis, wherein the second slope is greater than the first slope (N2> N1).

The Fig. 1 and 10 show as an example a double cylinder Za, Zb, wherein by inserting a key with the correct concave recess 10, the counterpart 21 a, which is designed here as a sliding coupling part 22a, is inserted positively into a closing or switching element 23. By subsequently rotating the fully inserted key S, the closing or switching element 23 is rotated and thus causes a closing or switching function 9, for example a lock of a lock or an actuation of an electrical contact in a conventional manner.

As the Fig. 1 and 10 show the counterpart 21 in addition to the convex shape 20 also have a concave support portion 25, which corresponds to a convex shape of the key tip 11 adjacent to the concave recess 10. Thus, the support surface can be increased.

The concave recesses 10 according to the invention on the key tip 11 and the associated convex formations 20 in the cylinder will be described in the following Fig. 2-5 further explained.
The Fig. 2a - d show on keys S or blanks S 'with a median plane 5 in the x-direction different forms of concave recesses 10.1 - 10.3 with a rounded portion 13, starting from a small first inclination N1 with respect to the x-axis, which in a much larger Tilt N2 passes.
These concave recesses are associated with convex formations 20.1 - 20.3 on the counterparts 21.1 - 21.3 in the cylinder, so that the concave recesses 10 rest on the convex formations 20 when the key is fully inserted. A blank or key without the concave recess 10, however, abut with its ramp surface 35 at the key tip on the convex formation 20 and thereby blocked or stopped in a lockout distance a, so that the key not further (completely) inserted and the cylinder thus can not be turned.
These concave recesses 10 can be produced with a milling cutter 40 whose milling cutter axis 41.1 is perpendicular to the x-axis and which runs parallel to the y-axis. In this case, the cutter 40 is moved on a cutter path 42. The radius R of the milling cutter then also corresponds to the radius R of the rounded regions 13 of the concave recesses 10.

Fig. 2a shows a concave recess 10.1 with a small radius R1 of eg 1 mm for a key thickness d = 2.5 mm. This corresponds to a ratio of R1 / d = 0.4. The first and the second inclination here are N1 = 0 °, N2 = 90 ° and the difference of the inclinations N2 - N1 = 90 °. This concave recess 10.1 can be arranged only outside the run-up areas 7 of the tumblers 3, since the inclination N in the run-up area should be at most about 45 ° (see Fig. 6 ) or the casserole angle Nz of the tumblers 3 on the key tip 11 should correspond. For this purpose, ramp surfaces 31 may be formed in a ramp area of tumblers ( Fig. 2d ). The maximum inclination N2 can also be limited here by a block groove BN (see Fig. 7c ). Here P1 denotes the next coding position with coding levels C1-C4. The cutter movement 42 runs parallel to the x-axis and the lockout distance or the lockout distance a of a key without a concave recess 10.1 is, for example, a = 1.1 mm, which is effected by an associated convex formation 20.1 on a counterpart 21.1 in the cylinder.

Fig. 2b shows a recess 10.1 generating cutter 40.1 with a cutter axis 41.1, which is parallel to the z-axis. In the zy plane, the cutter 40.1 has a width b1, which here corresponds to the width b1 of the recess 10 and b1 is greater than the depth t1 of the recess 10. The recess 10 has a surface F1 in cross-section and a length 11 in x direction on.

Fig. 2c shows an example with a larger radius R2 of eg R2 = 2 mm and correspondingly with a ratio R2 / d = 0.8. The Fräserbewegung 42 takes place here first parallel to the x-axis and then in the 45 ° direction. The concave recess 10.2 with the inclinations N1 = 0 °, N2 = 45 ° is rounded over a region 13 with an inclination N = 0 ° - 45 °. This recess 10.2 may be arranged in the ramp area 7, if the maximum inclination N of the concave recess is preferably at most 45 °. The lockout distance is smaller here, with eg only a = 0.7 mm.

The concave recesses 10 are formed so that they do not extend or as little as possible into the nearest coding position P1, so that no coding stages Ci omitted. On the other hand, the lockout distance a should be sufficiently large to effect a secure massive lockout of a false key. For this purpose the Aussperrdistanz a can in a range of 0.5 - 1.5 mm, preferably 0.8 - 1.2 mm are, respectively, a ratio a / d of 0.25 - 0.6, preferably 0.3 - 0.5, have. Preferably, the concave recess 10 is cut relatively deep (t1) and can reach close to the center plane 5, so that the minimum distance e to the center plane is preferably at most 10 - 15% of the key thickness d. The distance e can also be 0% of d ( Fig. 7 ).

Fig. 2d shows a concave recess 10.3 with a small radius R1, which first parallel to the x-axis with a first inclination N1 = 0 °, then with a curved Range 13 of N = 0 ° to 45 ° and last with a second inclination N2 = 45 °, which forms a ramp surface 31 for tumblers 3. The lockout distance here is a = 1.1 mm, generated by the convex shape 20.3 on the counterpart 21.3.
The Fig. 2a and 2d represent cheaper variants than the Fig. 2c with a larger lockout distance a.

The shape of the concave recesses 10 is preferably chosen so that a secure lockout of false keys is achieved, but that they do not extend into the coding stages Ci of the nearest coding position P1 and so that they are difficult to define and copy.
For this purpose, the first inclination N1 of the concave recess 10 to the key axis between 0 ° and 10 °, ie be very small and the second inclination N2 of the concave recess can be at least 40 °, ie preferably be selected large. The difference between the first and second inclination N2 - N1 should be at least 30 °.

This can be achieved by a rounded portion 13 with a relatively small, narrow radius R in relation to the key thickness d.
In this case, the concave recess 10 in the direction of the key axis x have a rounded portion with a radius R of at most 2 mm. And the concave recess may have a rounded portion with a radius R smaller than the thickness d of the key. Preferably, the ratio of radius to key thickness R / d can be between 0.4 and 0.8.

The Fig. 3a, 3b, 4 and 5 show further examples 10.11 with rounded (13) and with conical or straight areas, which are produced with a milling cutter 40.11 with conical sections, with a milling cutter axis 41.11 and with a milling movement 42 parallel to the x-axis, and with the associated convex formation 20.11, at the Counterpart 21.11 in the cylinder. In the sectional view of Fig. 3a The concave recess 10.11 has straight portions with slopes N1 and N2. Preferably, such concave recesses 10 may also have at least one inclined straight section in the x-direction in the section or at least three different straight and rounded sections or sections.

Fig. 3a shows a concave recess 10.11, which can be generated with a cutter 40.11, with a straight portion with a first inclination of eg N1 = 10 ° and a subsequent arc with radius R, which merges into a straight portion with a second inclination N2 of approx 60 °. An associated convex formation 20.11 causes a key S without this concave recess 10.11 a lockout over the distance a.

Fig. 3b shows the generating cutter 40.11 in the xz plane and Fig. 4 in the yz plane, in which case the cutter axis 41.11 lies in the surface of the key S, S '. The generated recess 10.11 is within the semicircle 40.11 of Fig. 4 ,

Fig. 5 illustrates how a broadening of the concave recess in the y-direction can be produced with a milling cutter 40.12 with a cutter axis 41.12 in the x-direction. For this purpose, the cutter is first moved in the direction of the x-axis as in Fig. 3a and then moved parallel in the y direction by the distance 42. This results in a corresponding broadening of the recess 10, which can form, for example, ramp surfaces 31 for Codierungszuhaltungen 3 with a corresponding inclination.

In order to fulfill all the objects of the invention and to achieve a safe functioning, the concave recesses 10 according to the invention are optimally positioned and relatively large and compactly shaped: relatively wide and deep and short with respect to the key size and the very limited space at the key tip; that is, to perform additional security functions without reducing the space for all the coding functions of a high performance key.

• die Breite b1 der konkaven Ausnehmung 10 mindestens 20 - 40% grösser sein als die Breite b2 der Zuhaltungen 3,
• die Breite b1 der konkaven Ausnehmung 10 mindestens 50% von deren Länge 11 betragen,
• die Querschnittsfläche F1 der konkaven Ausnehmung 10 mindestens 6% der Querschnittsfläche F des Schlüssels, vorzugsweise mindestens 8% - 10 % betragen
• die Querschnittsfläche F1 der konkaven Ausnehmung 10 grösser sein als die Querschnittsfläche F2 der Zuhaltungen 3, vorzugsweise mindestens 20 - 50% grösser sein.
• die Breite b1 der konkaven Ausnehmung 10 vorzugsweise mindestens 25 - 30 % der Schlüsselbreite betragen

Dies entspricht den in den Fig. beschriebenen Beispielen.For this purpose, the length 11 in the x-direction, the width b1 and the depth t1 and the surface F1 in the cross section of the concave recesses 10 may preferably have the following relative sizes, it may be:

• the width b1 of the concave recess 10 is at least 20-40% greater than the width b2 of the tumblers 3,
• the width b1 of the concave recess 10 is at least 50% of its length 11,
• the cross-sectional area F1 of the concave recess 10 is at least 6% of the cross-sectional area F of the key, preferably at least 8% -10%
• the cross-sectional area F1 of the concave recess 10 must be greater than the cross-sectional area F2 of the tumblers 3, preferably at least 20-50% greater.
• the width b1 of the concave recess 10 is preferably at least 25-30% of the key width

This corresponds to the examples described in the figures.

A locking system according to the invention may comprise keys and blanks having two or more different variants of concave recesses 10i on the key tips 11 and corresponding mating convexities 20i on the counterparts 21 in the cylinders. Thus, the permutation capacity and the copy security of the locking system can be further increased. These variants may have different shapes of the concave recesses 10i.

The Fig. 6a, b schematically illustrate examples of the arrangement of concave recesses 10.1, 10.2 in different subregions 12.1, 12.2, 12.3 of Key cross-section 12 with respect to the position of the coding rows Ai and the coding tumblers 3 with the tumbler axes 4, which lie in the planes of the coding rows Ai.
Fig. 6a shows an example with three coding rows A1, A2, A3, wherein the planes of A1 and A2 are parallel to the z-axis and the plane of A3 parallel to the y-axis. The concave recesses 10.1 in a partial area 12.1 are arranged here outside the casserole areas 31 of the tumblers 3 of the coding rows Ai and the concave recesses 10.2 in the partial area 12.3 lie in the casserole area 31 of the coding row A1, which is why their maximum inclination N in the casserole area 7 of the tumbler tips is at most 45 ° be equal to or Nz.

As a further variant, a locking system, e.g. also have two identical concave recesses 10.2, which, however, on different sides, left or right of a key (seen from above on the key tip, 1 = left side, r = right side) are attached: Right here in the sub-area 12.2 and / or left symmetric in subsection 12.3. Thus, for example, keys with a recess 10.2 in the partial area 12.2 for cylinders of a first installation and keys with a recess 10.2 in the partial area 12.3 for a second installation and keys with recesses 10.2 in the partial area 12.2 and in the partial area 12.3 can be created for both installations as well as for one third system with cylinders, which have associated convex formations 20.2 in both partial areas 12.2 and 12.3.

Fig. 6b shows an example with inclined coding or Zuhaltungsreihen A1 - A5 with the angles Wa1, Wa2 between the tumbler axes 4 and the coding levels A1, A2 and the z-axis. Here, too, a concave recess 10.1 lies in a partial area 12.1 outside the casserole areas 7 of the tumblers. A concave recess 10.2 in a partial area 12.2 lies partially in a casserole area 7 of the coding row A2.

Thus, closing systems can be created with different variants of concave recesses, which are formed in different subregions 12.1, 12.2 of the key cross section 12.

The opposite in the key center 6 recesses 10.1 in the sub-areas 12.1, however, are very unfavorable, since the depth t1 is very limited here.

• einen Auflaufbereich 7 einer Codierungsreihe A enthalten,
• oder sie kann eine Auflauffläche 7, 31 für die Zuhaltungen 3 aufweisen,
• und sie kann neben der Auflauffläche 7, 31 auch einen Bereich mit einer grösseren Neigung N2.2 von vorzugsweise mindestens 55° aufweisen,
• und die Neigung N der konkaven Ausnehmung 10 kann im Auflaufbereich 7, 31 der Codierungsreihe A dem Auflaufwinkel Nz der Zuhaltungen 3 entsprechen bzw. höchstens 45° betragen,
• oder die konkave Ausnehmung 10 kann eine Auflauffläche 31 aufweisen, welche mit einem Codierungsfräser erzeugt ist,
  (was besonders rationell herstellbar ist)
• oder die konkave Ausnehmung 10 kann auch eine horizontale BlocknutFräsung BN aufweisen,
  (welche die max. Neigung N2.1 (in Fig. 7c) im Auflaufbereich 7, 31 auf einen Wert Nz beschränkt.)

The other examples of Fig. 7-14 show advantageous variants of concave recesses 10, which are arranged next to the key center 6 and which are particularly large in cross-sectional area F1, width b1 and depth t1 and minimum distance e from the center line 5 of the key. For this purpose, the recesses 10 are optimally positioned so that they contain a coding row A, wherein they are adapted in shape to the tumblers 3 of this coding series (32 in Fig. 7 ).
For this purpose, the concave recess 10:

• contain a casserole area 7 of a coding row A,
• or it may have a ramp surface 7, 31 for the tumblers 3,
• and, besides the ramp surface 7, 31, it may also have an area with a greater inclination N2.2 of preferably at least 55 °,
• and the inclination N of the concave recess 10 may correspond to the contact angle Nz of the tumblers 3 in the casserole area 7, 31 of the coding row A, or at most 45 °,
• or the concave recess 10 may have a ramp surface 31 which is produced with a coding cutter,
  (which is particularly efficient to produce)
• or the concave recess 10 may also have a horizontal block groove milling BN,
  (which the maximum inclination N2.1 (in Fig. 7c ) in the casserole area 7, 31 is limited to a value Nz.)

The concave recess 10 may include a coding row A with narrow tumblers 3.1, wherein the width b2 is preferably at most 50-55% of the key thickness d. The area F2 of these tumblers 3.1 is then correspondingly small (in Fig. 7a, b and 9c ). Thus, the ratio F1 / F2 correspondingly larger (F1 = area of 10) and thus the inclination N2.2 of the concave recess 10 next to the ramp surfaces 7, 31 are formed larger and N2.2 can be there eg 60 ° to 90 ° ( Fig. 7c ).

These advantageous variants of concave recesses 10 mit a tumbler A are in the Fig. 7-14 further explained.

The Fig. 7a, b show an example with an asymmetric design of the ramp surfaces 35 at the key tip 11 by the cutting plane 36 of the ramp surfaces forms an angle W2 of eg 10 ° to the median plane 5 of the key S or a blank S '. Preferably, this angle W2 may be in a range between 5 ° and 20 °. Thus, a closing system with increased permutation capacity can be created, for example by five variants with the angles W2 = 0 °, + 10 °, -10 °, + 20 °, -20 °. Moreover, with an asymmetrical design of the ramp surfaces 35, for example according to Fig. 7 , More space for the formation of concave recesses 10 are created to the center plane 5 zoom. This allows a large area F1 of the concave recess 10 in cross section 12.
A symmetrical design of the ramp surfaces 35 at the key tip shows, for example Fig. 6 with an angle W2 = 0 ° to the cutting plane 36.
The Fig. 7a, 7b show a key cross section 12 with the coding rows A1 - A5 and with a tumbler 3 in the coding series A1. A concave recess 10.8, which here is formed approximately symmetrically to the tumbler row A1, can be produced with a cutter 40.8, whose profile corresponds to the recess 40.8 and with a cutter axis 41.2, which lying in the plane yz has an angle W1 to the y-axis. If the same 40.8 router with one Milling cutter axis 41.1 is used parallel to the y-axis, created according to another shape variant of the concave recess. In order to achieve with a cutter axis 41.1 (with W1 = 0 °) essentially the same shape 10.8 of the concave recess, a different profile shape of the cutter 40 would have to be used accordingly. With the cutter mold 40.8, ramp surfaces 32 are also produced here in the overflow area of the coding row A1, which are adapted to the shape of the tumblers 3.

The ramp area for the tumblers 3, 3.1 consists of ramp surfaces 7 with a width b7 (FIG. Fig. 9a, b, c ), so that the ramp angle for the tumblers in the concave recess 10 nowhere exceeds the value Nz.
Such run-on surfaces 7, 31 can however also be produced after production of the concave recesses 10 on the blank with a first cutter 40 and subsequently (decentrally) with a second coding cutter in the run-on region 7, 31, so that there a desired maximum inclination N of, for example, 42 ° - 45 ° is not exceeded.

Fig. 7c shows a further possibility, the permissible inclination N of the concave recess 10 in the casserole area 7, 31 of the tumblers not to exceed. Here, the concave recess 10.8 may additionally have a horizontal Blocknutfräsung BN. Such a block groove is in the WO 01/77466 described. Thus, an additional coding in the form of a block code can be performed.
Fig. 7c shows in perspective a section with a sectional plane which corresponds to the coding plane A1, at a key tip 11 analogous to the example of Fig. 9 with a concave recess 10.9. In the sectional plane A1 (in the ramp area 7, 31), this recess 10.8 has a first inclination of N1 = 0 ° and then a rounded region 13 with a maximum second inclination of N2.1 = Nz. Then follows a horizontal block groove BN, which is generated for example with a coding cutter. Outside the casserole area 7, the concave Recess 10.8 a stronger second inclination, which is here, for example, N2.2 = 60 ° - ie here, the second inclination preferably be significantly more than 45 °.

Fig. 8 illustrates an association of different variants of concave recesses 10 on the keys S and the blanks S 'to different market and application areas Mi. Thus, in a locking system with several different variants of concave recesses 10i a clear segmentation into independent market and application areas Wed be set. These can be geographically different market areas, eg for individual countries or agents, or even technically different areas of application, eg of technically different systems with different permutation capacities for different areas of application and different high security requirements.
This segmentation in market and application areas by means of different variants of concave recesses 10i can be carried out in an analogous manner, as shown in the WO 01/77466 for an additional block-groove coding is explained.

With these different variants of concave recesses 10i but also additional coding permutations (Cod) can be created. For example, in a system with 40 different variants, for example, 20 different market areas could be clearly distinguished, and in addition 20 new coding permutations could be created.

The locking system according to the invention also makes it possible to produce keys and cylinders in two stages, the concave recesses 10 on the key tips and the convex formations 20 on the counterparts of the cylinders being manufactured or authorized centrally by the system owner in a first higher-order more difficult step and in one easier second Stage the further coding of the keys and the placement of the cylinder with counterparts can be done decentralized.

• unterschiedliche Profilformen eines erzeugenden Fräsers 40, z.B. mit den Fräsern 40.8 von Fig. 7,40.9 von Fig. 11,40.6 von Fig. 13 und 40.7 von Fig. 14
• sowie durch verschiedene Lagen der Fräserachen 41: z.B. die Achslagen 41.1 und 41.2 in den Fig. 7a und 11, die Lagen 41.3 in Fig. 12,41.4 in Fig. 14, 41.11 in Fig. 3 und 41.12 in Fig. 5. Diese Fräserachsen liegen:
  • 41.1 in der y - z Ebene, parallel zur y-Achse
  • 41.2 in der y - z Ebene, mit W1 zur y-Achse
  • 41.3 in der x - y Ebene, mit W3 zur y-Achse
  • 41.4 in der x - z Ebene, parallel zur z-Achse
  • 41.11 in der x - z Ebene, parallel zur x-Achse

The different variants of concave recesses 10i can be generated by:

• different profile shapes of a generating cutter 40, for example with the cutters 40.8 of Fig. 7 , 40.9 from Fig. 11 , 40.6 from Fig. 13 and 40.7 from Fig. 14
• as well as by different layers of Fräserachen 41: for example, the Achslagen 41.1 and 41.2 in the Fig. 7a and 11 , the layers 41.3 in Fig. 12 , 41.4 in Fig. 14 , 41.11 in Fig. 3 and 41.12 in Fig. 5 , These cutter axes are:
  • 41.1 in the y - z plane, parallel to the y-axis
  • 41.2 in the y - z plane, with W1 to the y-axis
  • 41.3 in the x - y plane, with W3 to the y-axis
  • 41.4 in the x - z plane, parallel to the z-axis
  • 41.11 in the x - z plane, parallel to the x-axis

• Damit entstehen z.B. die folgenden Varianten unterschiedlich geformter konkaver Ausnehmungen 10:
  • 10.1 - 10.13 der Fig. 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 - 14.
• Zusätzlich können die konkaven Ausnehmungen 10i in unterschiedlichen Teilbereichen 12.1,12.2, 12.3 (Fig. 6) auf der linken oder rechten Schlüsselseite - 1 oder r - vorgesehen sein
• und die Schnittebenen 36 der Auflaufflächen 35 an der Schlüsselspitze können unterschiedliche Winkel W2 zur Mittelebene 5 bilden.

The milling cutter axes 41 can be perpendicular to the x-axis with an angle W1 of 0 ° to 20 ° to the y-axis or perpendicular to the z-axis with an angle W3 of 0 ° to 20 ° to the y-axis or perpendicular to the x-axis. Axis are at an angle W4 from 0 ° to 20 ° to the z-axis.

• This produces, for example, the following variants of differently shaped concave recesses 10:
  • 10.1 - 10.13 the Fig. 2 . 3 . 5 . 7 . 9 . 11 - 14 ,
• In addition, the concave recesses 10i in different subregions 12.1, 12.2, 12.3 (FIG. Fig. 6 ) on the left or right key side - 1 or r - be provided
• and the cutting planes 36 of the ramp surfaces 35 on the key tip can form different angles W2 to the center plane 5.

By combining these factors, for example, with two different cutter shapes 40, three different positions of the cutter axes 41, arrangement in three different portions 12i and with three different angles W2 of the ramp surfaces 35 theoretically a total of 2 x 3 x 3 x 3 = 54 different variants of concave Recesses 10i are generated.
This also means that a particular variant of it is very hard to define and copy.

The Fig. 9a, b, c show a further example of a concave recess 10.9 with a horizontal block groove BN in three views analogous to the example of Fig. 7c , The Blocknutfräsung BN is in the casserole area 7, 31 of the tumblers 3, the coding level A1 as in the example of Fig. 7a, b has an angle of Wa1 of eg 15 ° to the z-axis.

Fig. 10 shows a double cylinder lock 1 with the cylinders Za, Zb for key S or blanks S 'with a concave recess 10 on the key tip 11 and with associated convexities 20 on counterparts 21 a, 21 b in the cylinders Za, Zb. As well as in Fig. 1 These counterparts 21 may also be formed as a separate part, eg as extension pieces, or they may be formed as an insert and used in a modular system , It can also be in a half-cylinder with the counterpart 21, a coupling member 22 in a closing or switching position to be displaced.

The Fig. 11a - d show a key S or a blank S 'with a concave recess 10.9, which is generated by a cutter 40.9. Its cutter axis 41.1 is here parallel to the y-axis. If the same cutter 40.9 is used with an axle position 41.2 with an angle W1 to the y-axis, a corresponding result is formed new variant with a different shape of the concave recess 10. The angle W1 can be eg 10 ° - 20 °.

Fig. 12 shows a further variant of a concave recess 10.5, which is generated with the cutter 40.9 of Fig. 11 ., But with a cutter axis 41.3, which lies in the x - y plane and has an angle W3 of eg 10 ° - 20 ° to the y-axis.

Fig. 13 shows a further variant of a concave recess 10.6, which is generated with a cutter 40.6. This has a different profile shape, but the same position of the cutter axis 41.1 parallel to the y-axis as in the example of Fig. 11b ,

The Fig. 14a, b, c show in three views a further variant of a concave recess 10.7, which is produced with a cutter 40.7, the axis 41.4 lying in the x - z plane, perpendicular to the y-axis and parallel to the z-axis. The views of Fig. 14b and c show the concave recess 10.7, which is partially in a casserole area 7, 31 of a coding series Ai and there forms a ramp surface 31 with a slope N2 to the x-axis of at most 45 °. This can be generated, for example, with a cutter path 42, which runs first at 0 °, then at 45 ° to the x-axis.
This example has a pronounced, deep concave recess 10.7, which extends almost to the center plane 5 with a minimum distance e of a few% of the key thickness d. This results in a secure lockout of wrong keys. Another cutter axis could also have an angle W4 of eg 5 ° -20 ° to the z-axis.

S

Schlüssel

S'

Rohling

Z

Zylinder

x

Schlüsselachse

x, y, z

Raumachsen

Pi

Codierungspositionen

Ai

Codierungsreihen

Ci

Codierungsstufen

Codi

Codierungs-Permutation

N

Neigung von 10

N1

erste Neigung

N2

zweite Neigung

Nz

Auflaufwinkel von 3

R

Radius von 10 bzw. von 40

F

Fläche des Schlüsselquerschnitts 12

b

Schlüsselbreite

d

Schlüsseldicke

a

Aussperrdistanz

e

minimaler Abstand von 10 zu 5

F1

Fläche von 10 im Querschnitt

b1

Breite von 10

t1

Tiefe von 10

11

Länge von 10 in x-Richtung

F2

Fläche von 3 im Querschnitt (in 10 mit C1)

b2

Breite von 3

b7

Breite der Zuhaltungsspitze

W1

Winkel von 41 (in y-z-Ebene)

W2

Winkel von 35

W3

Winkel von 41 (in x-y-Ebene)

W4

Winkel von 41 (in y-z-Ebene)

Wa

Winkel von 4 zu z-Richtung

1

linke Seite von S

r

rechte Seite von S

BN

Blocknut

Mi

Marktbereiche

1

Doppelzylinderschloss

3

Zuhaltungen

3.1

schmale Zuhaltung

4

Achse von 3

5

Mittelebene von S

6

Schlüsselmitte (x-z-Ebene)

7

Auflaufbereich bzw. Aufbauflächen der Zuhaltungsspitze

9

Schliess- oder Schaltfunktion

10, 10i

konkave Ausnehmung

10.1-10.13

verschiedene Formen von 10

11

Schlüsselspitze

12

Schlüsselquerschnitt

12.1, 12.2

Teilbereiche von 12

13

konkav gerundeter Bereich von 10

17

Einlaufspur horizontal

20, 20i

konvexe Ausformung

21

Gegenstück in Z

22

Kupplungsteil, verschiebbar

23

Schliess- oder Schaltelement

25

konkaver Bereich von 21 neben 20

31

Auflaufflächen von 3 in 10

32

Auflaufflächen wie Form von 3

35

Auflaufflächen an Schlüsselspitze

36

Schnittebene von 35

40

Fräser für 10

41

Fräserachse

41.1

in y - z Ebene, parallel zu y-Achse

41.2

in y - z Ebene, mit W1 zu y-Achse

41.3

in x - y Ebene, mit W3 zu y-Achse

41.4

in x - z Ebene, parallel zu z-Achse

41.5

in x - z Ebene, parallel zu x-Achse

42

Fräserweg

The following terms are used in this description:

S

key

S '

blank

Z

cylinder

x

key axis

x, y, z

spatial axes

pi

coding positions

Ai

coding rows

ci

coding steps

Codi

Coding permutation

N

Inclination of 10

N1

first inclination

N2

second inclination

nz

Casserole angle of 3

R

Radius of 10 or 40

F

Area of key cross section 12

b

key width

d

key thickness

a

Aussperrdistanz

e

minimum distance from 10 to 5

F1

Area of 10 in cross section

b1

Width of 10

t1

Depth of 10

11

Length of 10 in x-direction

F2

Area of 3 in cross section (in 10 with C1)

b2

Width of 3

b7

Width of the tumbler tip

W1

Angle of 41 (in yz plane)

W2

Angle of 35

W3

Angle of 41 (in xy plane)

W4

Angle of 41 (in yz plane)

Wa

Angle from 4 to z direction

1

left side of S.

r

right side of S.

BN

blocking groove

Wed.

market areas

1

Double cylinder lock

3

tumblers

3.1

narrow tumbler

4

Axis of 3

5

Median plane of S

6

Key center (xz plane)

7

Bake-up area or construction areas of the tumbler tip

9

Closing or switching function

10, 10i

concave recess

10.1-10.13

different forms of 10

11

key tip

12

Key cross-section

12.1, 12.2

Subareas of 12

13

concave rounded area of 10

17

Inlet track horizontal

20, 20i

convex shape

21

Counterpart in Z

22

Coupling part, movable

23

Closing or switching element

25

concave area of 21 next to 20

31

Bake areas from 3 to 10

32

Bake surfaces like the shape of 3

35

Bake surfaces on key tip

36

Cutting plane of 35

40

Milling cutter for 10

41

cutter axis

41.1

in y - z plane, parallel to y-axis

41.2

in y - z plane, with w1 to y axis

41.3

in x - y plane, with w3 to y axis

41.4

in x - z plane, parallel to z-axis

41.5

in x - z plane, parallel to x-axis

42

tool path

Claims (18)

1. Locking system with security reversible keys (S) with at least two coding pin rows (Ai) on the flat sides and with assigned cylinders (Z) with tumbler pins (3), wherein by turning the cylinder a locking - or switching function (9) is carried out, characterised by
   a concave recess (10) on the flat sides of the key at the key tips (11), which interacts with a corresponding convex formation (20) on a counterpart (21) in the cylinders, which is displaceable in direction of the key axis (x),
   so that the concave recess (10) in case of an entirely inserted key, in direction of the key axis rests flat on the convex formation (20) on the counterpart (21), and a key without this concave recess is locked out (a) by the convex formation of the counterpart, whereby a complete insertion is prevented,
   and wherein the concave recess (10) starting out from the key tip in the direction of the key axis (x) initially comprises a first inclination (N1) and subsequently a second inclination (N2) to the key axis, wherein the second inclination is greater than the first inclination
   and the concave recess (10) in direction of the key axis comprises a rounded concave area (13),
   and wherein with the counterpart (21) a coupling element (22) of the cylinder is displaceable in direction of the key axis into a locking - or switching position.
2. Locking system according to claim 1, characterised in that a cross-section plane (36) from lead-in faces (35) on the key tip forms an angle (W2) to the central bisecting plane (5) of the key, wherein the angle W2 amounts to at most 15° - 20°.
3. Locking system according to claim 1, characterised in that differing variants of concave recesses (10i) are defined by differing shapes and/or by arrangement in differing parts (12.1, 12.2) of the key cross-section and/or by differing angles (W2) of lead-in faces (35) on the key tip to the central bisecting plane (5) of the key.
4. Locking system according to claim 3, characterised in that with differing variants of concave recesses (10i) an unequivocal segmentation into independent market areas (Mi) is defined.
5. Locking system according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that counterparts (21) are arranged on a displaceable coupling element (22) of a double cylinder or are formed as a separate part.
6. Locking system according to claim 1, characterised in that the counterpart (21) apart from the convex formation (20) also comprises a concave seating area (25), which corresponds to a convex shape of the key tip (11) next to the concave recess (10).
7. Key blank (S') for a security reversible key (S) or security reversible key with at least two coding pin rows (Ai) on the flat sides for an assigned cylinder (Z) with tumbler pins (3) of a locking system, wherein by turning the cylinder a locking - or switching function (9) is carried out, characterised by
   a concave recess (10) on the flat sides at the key tip (11), which is able to interact with a convex formation (20) on a counterpart (21) in the cylinder, which is displaceable in direction of the key axis (x),
   wherein the concave recess (10) is suitable for resting flat on the convex formation (20) on the counterpart (21) in direction of the key axis, when the key is entirely inserted,
   as a result of which a key blank or key without this concave recess in direction of the key axis is locked out (a) by the convex formation of the counterpart, whereby a complete insertion is prevented,
   and wherein the concave recess (10) starting out from the key tip in the direction of the key axis (x) initially comprises a first inclination (N1) and subsequently a second inclination (N2) to the key axis, wherein the second inclination is greater than the first inclination
   and the concave recess (10) in direction of the key axis comprises a rounded concave area (13)
   and wherein with the counterpart (21) a coupling element (22) of the cylinder is displaceable in direction of the key axis into a locking - or switching position.
8. Key blank (S') according to claim 7, characterised in that the first inclination (N1) of the concave recess (10) to the key axis lies between 0° and 10° and that the second inclination (N2) of the concave recess amounts to at least 40°.
9. Key blank (S') according to claim 7, characterised in that the concave recess (10) comprises a lead-in area (7) of a coding pin row (A).
10. Key blank (S') according to claim 7, characterised in that the concave recess (10) apart from a lead-in area (7, 31) for the tumbler pins (3) also comprises a section with a greater inclination (N2.2) of in preference at least 55°.
11. Key blank (S') according to claim 7, characterised in that the concave recess (10) also comprises a horizontal milling of a blocking-groove (BN).
12. Key blank (S') according to claim 7, characterised in that the width (b1) of the concave recess (10) is at least 20 - 40% greater than the width (b2) of the tumbler pins (3).
13. Key blank (S') according to claim 7, characterised in that the width (b1) of the concave recess (10) amounts to at least 50% of its length (11).
14. Key blank (S') according to claim 7, characterised in that the surface area of the cross-section (F1) of the concave recess (10) amounts to at least 8% of the surface area of the cross-section (F) of the key.
15. Key blank (S') according to claim 7, characterised in that the concave recess (10) is created with a profiled milling cutter (40), the axis (41) of which is vertical to the x-axis and comprises an angle (W1) of between 0° and 20° to the y-axis.
16. Key blank (S') according to claim 7, characterised in that the concave recess (10) in the direction of the key axis (x) comprises a rounded concave area (13), the radius (R) of which is smaller than the thickness (d) of the key or that it amounts to 2 mm at most.
17. Key blank (S') according to claim 7, characterised in that the concave recess (10) comprises a minimum distance (e) to a central bisecting plane (5) of the key blank or key, which amounts to at most 10% of the key thickness (d).
18. Key blank (S') according to claim 7, characterised in that the concave recess (10) is arranged in a coding pin row (A) and in front of the first coding position (P1).

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