RU2479703C2 - Lock system with double-sided keys - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: lock system with double-sided keys, which have code rows on flat sides, and with response cylinders with pins. On flat sides of keys, near key tips, there is a concave groove provided, which interacts with a convex groove on the movable coupled part in cylinders. The coupled part is installed as capable of displacement in direction of the axis x of the keys. Such concave groove provides for the possibility to insert the key for full depth due to adjacency of the specified concave groove along the entire surface to the convex shape of the coupled part. The concave groove, starting from the key tip, in direction of the axis x of the key, at first has the first inclination (N₁), and then the second inclination (N₂) relative to the key axis. The second inclination is more than the first inclination. The concave groove has a section, which is rounded in a concave manner around the axis x. The coupled part by means of the key moves in the direction x into the locking or switching position jointly with a connecting part, which is installed as capable of motion with geometric closure into the locking or the switching element. The rotation of the specified locking or switching element takes place as the key inserted for the full depth is turned, and causes activation of the locking or switching function.

EFFECT: reliability of the specified system, protection against copying of stocks, keys, and high number of code combinations.

20 cl, 26 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to a locking system with double-sided keys and reciprocal cylinders according to the preamble of paragraph 1 of the claims, as well as to corresponding blanks for keys and double-sided keys according to the restrictive part of paragraph 7 and the method for their manufacture.

In the field of the development of locks, the main problems are constantly present, firstly, the improvement of tools that impede and prevent unauthorized copying of keys, and secondly, the increase in the number of key combinations of the key and thereby increase the reliability of locks.

A similar key is known from US Pat. No. 5438857, which provides for the prevention of input as an additional degree of protection. Such a key has an additional control surface, which, together with a response control pin at the cylinder mouth, prevents the entry of a foreign key. This control pin is longer than the code pin, it extends beyond the middle plane of the key. The inclined control surface is made on the tip of the key in the form of a ramp. This ramp also goes beyond the middle plane of the key, it lifts the control pin and, thus, removes it from the path. Thus, the control pin excludes the input of keys that do not have the correct control surface. Such surfaces can be pre-made already on the key blank. Thus, they provide workpiece protection. Although such inclined control surfaces create additional difficulty, they are copied without much difficulty. Therefore, it is very important with the help of new methods to obtain a significantly higher degree of copy protection.

On the other hand, a system with two-way keys is known from No. WO 01/77466, at the tip of which there is a horizontal locking groove (BN) with a coded depth. A pair of locking pins with elongated locking pins is installed in the reciprocal cylinder in the deepest code position, which prevents the key from being inserted into the full depth with an insufficiently deep groove. Coding with a locking slot increases the number of code combinations. However, such a horizontal locking groove is easily copied.

In this regard, the objective of the present invention is to create a system with two-way keys and reciprocating cylinders, devoid of the disadvantages of the known systems and having improved protection against copying keys and pre-cut blanks, which is difficult to recognize and copy and also gives more number of code combinations for all kinds of applications.

In addition, the system must work reliably for a long period of operation and be insensitive to wear, and also suitable for mass production with minimal cost.

According to the present invention, this problem is solved by means of a locking system with two-way keys and a reciprocating cylinder according to paragraph 1 of the claims, blanks and two-sided keys with a reciprocal cylinder according to paragraph 7, as well as a method for manufacturing such keys.

Concave recesses at the tips of the keys interact with a convex protrusion on the mating part in the reciprocal cylinder, so that when the key is introduced to the full depth, the concave recess is adjacent to the mating part over the entire surface, and the workpiece or key cannot be inserted to the full depth without such a concave recess. Concave recesses are difficult to identify, and therefore, like convex shapes in a cylinder, it is very difficult to copy unauthorized. Concave recesses can be given many different shapes, which allows, respectively, to obtain much more code combinations.

The dependent claims relate to preferred improvements of the invention that provide additional advantages in terms of the reliability of the locking system, copy protection of workpieces, keys and cylinders, long life and reduced wear, as well as more possible code combinations and applications.

Below, on the basis of exemplary embodiments and drawings, the invention is explained in more detail. The drawings show the following.

Figure 1. A blank or double-sided key with concave recesses at the tip of the key and convex forms on the mating part in the cylinder according to the present invention.

Figa, 2b, 2c, 2d. Examples of concave grooves with a rounded portion.

Figa. An example of a concave recess with additional straight sections.

Fig. 3d, 4. A milling cutter for making a notch from the example of Fig. 3a.

Figure 5. The formation of an elongated concave recess.

Figa, 6b. The location of concave recesses in different sections of the cross section of the key.

Figa, 7b, 7c. Concave grooves on the asymmetric tip of the key.

Fig. 8. Correspondence between different options of concave grooves and different market segments and applications.

Figa, 9b, 9c. Three views show a concave recess with pin ramps and a locking groove.

Figure 10. Two-cylinder lock with concave recesses on the key and convex forms in the cylinder.

11a, 11b, 11c, 11d. Various views show concave recesses formed by a mill with an axis parallel to the y axis.

Fig. 12. A concave recess formed by a mill at an angle to the y axis.

Fig.13. Another example of a profile of a cutter and a notch formed with this cutter.

Figa, 14b, 14c, 14d. Various views show a concave recess formed by a mill with an axis parallel to the z axis.

Figure 1 shows the proposed locking system with a two-way key S or key blank S 'with at least two code rows A _i on the flat sides, with a reciprocating cylinder Z _a , Z _b (shown in figure 10) and locking pins 3 (shown, for example, in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7a), the rotation of the cylinder activating the locking or switching function 9. At the ends of the keys 11, there is a concave recess 10 that interacts with the convex shape 20a, 20b on the movable mating part 21a, 21b, so that when the key is inserted to the full depth, the concave recess 10 is adjacent to the convex shape 20a, 20b of the mating part, and the workpiece or the key without such a concave recess 10 stops with an emphasis in the convex shape 20 on the mating part, that is, it cannot be entered to the full depth, and by means of the mating part 21, the connecting part can be moved in the x direction to the locked position niya or switching.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 2a-2d, the concave recess 10 starting from the tip of the key along the x axis of the key first has a first slope N ₁ , followed by a second slope N ₂ relative to the axis of the key, and the second slope is greater than the first slope (N ₂ > N ₁ ).

Figure 1 and figure 10 shows an example of a double cylinder Z _a , Z _b , and when you insert the key with the corresponding concave recess 10, the mating part 21a, which is here made in the form of a movable connecting part 22a, with a geometric closure is moved into the locking or switching element 23. Further, turning the key S introduced to the full depth entails turning the locking or switching element 23 as well, as a result of which the locking or switching function 9 is activated in a known manner, for example, locking a lock or maintaining in electrical contact effect.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 10, adjacent to the convex shape 20, the mating part 21 may have a concave support portion 25 corresponding to the convex shape of the key tip 11 located adjacent to the concave recess 10. This allows the support surface to be enlarged.

The inventive concave recesses 10 on the tip 11 of the key and the corresponding convex shapes 20 in the cylinder are explained in more detail below in connection with Fig.2-5.

On figa-2d on the keys S or blanks S 'with a median plane 5 in section along the x axis shows various forms of concave grooves 10.1-10.3 with a rounded section 13 starting with a smaller first inclination N ₁ relative to the x axis, which translates into significantly greater slope N ₂ .

Convex shapes 20.1-20.3 on the mating parts 21.1-21.3 in the cylinder correspond to these concave recesses, so that when the key is inserted to the full depth, the concave recesses 10 are adjacent to the convex forms 20. On the contrary, the workpiece or key without concave recess 10 has its surface 35 at the tip of the key rests on the convex shape 20 and stops, which does not allow you to enter the key to the full depth, and therefore does not allow you to turn the cylinder.

Concave recesses 10 can be made using a cutter 40, the axis 41.1 of which is directed perpendicular to the x axis, in this case parallel to the y axis. While the cutter 40 moves along the path 42. In this case, the radius R of the cutter also corresponds to the radius R of the rounded sections 13 of the concave recesses 10.

. Здесь первый и второй наклон составляют N₁=0°, N₂=90°, а разность наклонов N₂-N₁=90°. Вогнутая выемка 10.1 должна находиться вне рамп 7 штифтов 3, так как наклон N на рампе не должен превышать примерно 45° (см. фиг.6), то есть он должен соответствовать углу N_z рампы для штифтов 3 на кончике 11 ключа. Для этого на рампе могут быть выполнены поверхности 31 набегания (фиг.2d). При этом максимальный наклон N₂ также может быть ограничен блокирующим пазом BN (см. фиг.7с). Здесь Р₁ обозначает ближайшую кодовую позицию с кодовыми уровнями С₁-С₄. Траектория 42 фрезы проходит параллельно оси x, тогда как глубина а упирания ключа без вогнутой выемки 10.1 в данном случае составляет, например, а=1,1 мм. Эта глубина определяется ответной выпуклой формой 20.1 на сопряженной детали 21.1 в цилиндре.Figure 2a shows a concave recess 10.1 with a small radius R ₁ , for example 1 mm, with a key thickness d = 2.5 mm. This corresponds to the ratio

. Here, the first and second slopes are N ₁ = 0 °, N ₂ = 90 °, and the difference of the slopes N ₂ -N ₁ = 90 °. Concave recess 10.1 should be outside the ramp 7 of the pins 3, since the inclination N on the ramp should not exceed about 45 ° (see Fig.6), that is, it should correspond to the angle N _{z of the} ramp for the pins 3 on the tip 11 of the key. For this purpose, ramp surfaces 31 can be made on the ramp (Fig. 2d). In this case, the maximum slope of N ₂ can also be limited by the blocking groove BN (see Fig. 7c). Here P ₁ denotes the nearest code position with code levels With ₁ -C ₄ . The cutter path 42 runs parallel to the x axis, while the depth a of the abutment of the key without concave recess 10.1 in this case is, for example, a = 1.1 mm. This depth is determined by the reciprocal convex shape 20.1 on the mating part 21.1 in the cylinder.

On fig.2b shows the cutter 40.1, which perform the recess 10.1, it has an axis 41.1, parallel to the z axis. In the zy plane, milling cutter 40.1 has a width b ₁ , which in this case corresponds to the width b _{1 of the} recess 10, and more than the depth t _{1 of the} recess 10. The recess 10 has an area F ₁ in cross section and a length l ₁ along the x axis.

. В данном случае траектория 42 фрезы сначала идет параллельно оси x, затем под углом 45°. Вогнутая выемка 10.2 с наклонами N₁=0°, N₂=45° закруглена на участке 13 с наклоном N=0°-45°. Если максимальный наклон N вогнутой выемки не превышает предпочтительно 45°, то выемка 10.2 может быть выполнена на рампе 7. Глубина упирания в данном случае меньше, она составляет, например, лишь а=0,7 мм.On figs shows an example with an increased radius R ₂ , for example with a radius R ₂ = 2 mm, and, accordingly, with the ratio

. In this case, the cutter path 42 first runs parallel to the x axis, then at an angle of 45 °. Concave recess 10.2 with slopes N ₁ = 0 °, N ₂ = 45 ° is rounded in section 13 with a slope of N = 0 ° -45 °. If the maximum slope N of the concave recess does not exceed preferably 45 °, then the recess 10.2 can be performed on the ramp 7. The abutment depth in this case is less, it is, for example, only a = 0.7 mm.

может составлять 0,25-0,6, желательно 0,3-0,5. Предпочтительно вогнутая выемка 10 вырезана сравнительно глубоко (t₁) и доходит почти до серединной плоскости 5, так что наименьшее расстояние e до серединной плоскости предпочтительно составляет не более 10-15% толщины d ключа. Расстояние е также может быть нулевым (фиг.7).Concave recesses 10 are made so that they do not reach the nearest code position P ₁ or barely touch it so as not to lose code levels C _i . On the other hand, the depth and abutment should be large enough to guaranteed stop an alien key. For this, the abutment depth a may lie in the range of 0.5-1.5 mm, preferably in the range of 0.8-1.2 mm, and accordingly, the ratio

may be 0.25-0.6, preferably 0.3-0.5. Preferably, the concave recess 10 is cut relatively deeply (t ₁ ) and reaches almost the middle plane 5, so that the smallest distance e to the middle plane is preferably not more than 10-15% of the key thickness d. The distance e may also be zero (Fig. 7).

2d shows a concave recess 10.3 with a small radius R ₁ . First, this recess runs parallel to the x axis with a first slope of N ₁ = 0 °, then has a rounded portion 13 at N = 0 ° -45 ° and, finally, a second slope of N ₂ = 45 °, which forms the ramp surface 31 for pins 3. Here the abutment depth is a = 1.1 mm and is determined by the convex shape 20.3 on the mating part 21.3.

On figa and fig.2d presents preferred in relation to figs with greater depth and abutment.

The shape of the concave recesses 10 is preferably selected so that a stop of the keys of others is guaranteed, but the recesses do not reach the code levels C _{i of the} nearest code position P ₁ , which makes it difficult to identify and copy.

For this, the first inclination N _{1 of the} concave recess 10 relative to the axis of the key can be from 0 to 10 °, that is, it can be very slight, while the second inclination N _{2 of the} concave recess can be at least 40 °, that is, it is preferable to choose large slope. The difference between the first and second slope of N ₂ -N ₁ should be at least 30 °.

между радиусом и толщиной ключа предпочтительно составляет от 0,4 до 0,8.This can be achieved due to the rounded section 13 with a relatively small radius R compared to the key thickness d. Moreover, the concave recess 10 in the direction of the x axis of the key can have a rounded section with a radius R of not more than 2 mm. The concave recess may also have a rounded portion with a radius R less than the thickness of the key. Moreover, the ratio

between the radius and the key thickness is preferably from 0.4 to 0.8.

On figa, fig.3b, figure 4 and figure 5 shows additional examples 10.11 with rounded (13) and conical or straight sections, which are performed with a cutter 40.11 with conical sections and an axis 41.11, which is moved along the path 42 parallel to the x axis , as well as with a reciprocal convex shape 20.11 on the mating part 21.11 in the cylinder. In a sectional view in FIG. 3 a, the concave recess 10.11 has straight sections with slopes N ₁ and N ₂ . In cross section along the x axis, such concave recesses 10 may preferably also have at least one inclined straight section or at least three different straight and rounded sections.

On figa shows a concave recess 10.11, which can be performed using a cutter 40.11. It has a straight section with a first slope, for example N ₁ = 10 °, and an arc of radius R adjacent to it, passing into a straight section with a second slope of N _{2 of} about 60 °. In the case of the key S without such a concave recess 10.11, the reciprocal convex shape 20.11 causes a stop at a depth a .

In Fig. 3d, the forming cutter 40.11 is shown in the x-z plane, and in Fig. 4 in the y-z plane, and here the axis of the cutter 41.11 lies at the level of the surface of the key S, S '. The formed recess 10.11 lies inside the semicircle 40.11 in figure 4.

Figure 5 shows how, using a cutter 40.12 with an axis 41.12 along the x axis, a recess elongated along the y axis can be obtained. To this end, the milling cutter is first moved along the x axis, as in Fig. 3a, and then, parallel to it, along the y axis by a distance of 42. As a result, the recess 10 extends, which, for example, can form the ramp surfaces 31 for the pins 3 with the corresponding tilt.

The optimal - from the point of view of solving all the problems of the invention and its reliable operation - a combination of shape and location for the inventive concave recesses 10 is achieved by compactly placing the recesses of a relatively large size, i.e. when the notches are relatively wide and short in relation to the size of the key and occupy a limited space at the tip of the key, which allows you to activate additional protection functions without losing space for code positions on a high-end key.

For this, the length 11 along the x axis, the width b ₁ and the depth t ₁ , as well as the cross-sectional area F _{1 of the} concave recesses 10 preferably have the following meanings:

- the width b _{1 of the} concave recess 10 is at least 20-40% greater than the width b _{2 of the} pins 3;

- the width b _{1 of the} concave recess 10 is at least 50% of its length 11;

- the cross-sectional area F _{1 of the} concave recess 10 is at least 6%, and preferably at least 8-10% of the cross-sectional area F of the key;

- the cross-sectional area F _{1 of the} concave recess 10 is greater than the cross-sectional area F _{2 of the} pins 3, preferably by at least 20-50%;

- the width b _{1 of the} concave recess 10 is preferably at least 25-30% of the width of the key.

This corresponds to the examples described on the basis of the accompanying drawings.

The inventive locking system may have keys and blanks with two or more different versions of concave recesses 10i at the tips 11 of the keys and reciprocal convex shapes 20i on the mating parts 21 in the cylinders. Thanks to this, it is possible to further increase the number of code combinations and strengthen the protection of the lock system from copying. However, such options may have various shapes of concave recesses 10i.

6a, 6b schematically show examples of the arrangement of concave recesses 10.1, 10.2 in different sections 12.1, 12.2, 12.3 of the cross section 12 of the key with respect to the position of the code rows A _i and the code pins 3 with axes 4 lying in the planes of the code rows A _i .

Fig. 6a shows an example with three code lines A ₁ , A ₂ , A ₃ , the planes A ₁ and A _{2 being} parallel to the z axis, and the plane A ₃ parallel to the y axis. In this example, concave grooves 10.1 in section 12.1 are located outside the ramming surfaces 31 of the pins 3 of the code rows A _i , while concave grooves 10.2 in section 12.3 are located on the ramming surface 31 of the rows A ₁ , therefore, their maximum inclination N on the ramp 7 for the pins should not exceed 45 °, that is, correspond to N _z .

Alternatively, the locking system, for example, may have a pair of identical concave recesses 10.2, but these recesses are made on different sides of the key, left or right (if you look at the key from the tip, l is the left side, r is the right side): in this case on the right in section 12.2 and / or symmetrically on the left in section 12.3. In this case, for example, keys with a recess 10.2 in section 12.2 for cylinders of the first series and keys with a recess 10.2 in section 12.3 for the second series, as well as keys with recesses 10.2 in section 12.2 and 12.3 for both series, as well as for the third series with cylinders having reciprocal convex shapes 20.2 in both sections 12.2 and 12.3.

6b shows an example with oblique code rows or rows A ₁ -A _{5 of} pins at angles Wa ₁ , Wa ₂ between the axis 4 of the pins or code planes A ₁ , A ₂ and the z axis. In this case, the concave recess 10.1 is also located in the section 12.1 outside the pin ramps 7. The concave recess 10.2 in the section 12.2 is partially located on the ramp 7 of the code row A ₂ .

Thus, it is possible to create locking systems with various options for concave recesses in various sections 12.1, 12.2 of the cross section 12 of the key.

However, the recesses 10.1, lying opposite each other in sections 12.1 in the middle of the key 6, are located very unfavorably, since here their depth t _{1 is} very limited.

The additional examples shown in FIGS. 7 to 14 show preferred concave recesses 10 located adjacent to the middle of the key 6 and having a particularly large size with respect to the cross-sectional area F ₁ , width b ₁ and depth t ₁ or minimum distance e from the middle plane of the 5 key. In addition, the recesses 10 are optimally positioned so that they contain a code row A, and in terms of shape they are consistent with the pins 3 of this row (position 32 in Fig.7).

For this, the concave recess 10 may:

- have a ramp 7 of code row A;

- or have a ramp 7, 31 for pins 3;

- in addition to ramp 7, 31, also have a section with an increased slope of N _2.2, preferably at least 55 °;

- in this case, the inclination N of the concave recess 10 on the ramp 7, 31 of the code row A may correspond to the incidence angle N _{z of the} pins 3, that is, not more than 45 °;

- or a concave recess 10 may have a ramp surface 31 made by a coding cutter (which is technologically rational);

- or a concave recess 10 may also have a horizontal locking groove BN, the maximum slope of N _2.1 (in Fig. 7c) of which on the ramp 7, 31 is limited by the value of N _z .

, соответственно, растет (F₁ - площадь поверхности 10), наклон N_2.2 вогнутой выемки 10 рядом с рампами 7, 31 может иметь большую величину, и в этом месте может составлять, например, от 60 до 90° (фиг.7с).Concave recess 10 may comprise a code row A with narrow pins 3.1, the width of which is preferably not more than 50-55% of the key thickness d. In this case, the surface F _{2 of} these pins is respectively small (Fig. 7a, Fig. 7b and Fig. 9c). Therefore the attitude

accordingly, grows (F ₁ - surface area 10), the slope N _{2.2 of the} concave recess 10 next to the ramps 7, 31 can be large, and at this point it can be, for example, from 60 to 90 ° (Fig. 7c).

These preferred embodiments of the concave recesses 10 with the row A of pins are further explained in FIGS. 7 to 14.

On figa, fig.7b presents an example with asymmetric surfaces 35 run on the tip 11 of the key. This shape, due to the fact that the plane 36 of the cross-section of the ramming surfaces forms an angle W ₂ , for example 10 °, relative to the middle plane 5 of the key S or the workpiece S '. Preferably, the angle W ₂ ranges from 5 to 20 °. Thus, it is possible to create a locking system with an increased number of code combinations, for example, due to five options with angles W ₂ = 0 °, + 10 °, -10 °, + 20 °, -20 °. In addition, due to the asymmetric shape of the run-in surfaces 35, as can be seen in FIG. 7, more space is also formed for the concave grooves 10, up to the middle plane 5. This allows a larger area F _{1 of the} concave groove 10 to be obtained in cross section 12.

The symmetrical design of the running surfaces 35 at the tip of the key with an angle W ₂ = 0 ° relative to the section plane 36 is shown, for example, in FIG. 6.

On figa, fig.7b shows a cross section 12 of a key with code rows A ₁ -A ₅ and a pin 3 in a row A ₁ . The concave recess 10.8, in this case made approximately symmetrically with respect to the row A _{1 of} pins, can be made using a cutter 40.8, the profile of which corresponds to the profile 40.8 of the recess, and its axis 41.2 in the yz plane is located at an angle W ₁ to the y axis. If the same mill 40.8 with the position of the axis 41.1 is introduced parallel to the y axis, then another variant of the shape of the concave recess is formed, respectively. So that with the position of the axis 41.1 milling cutters, i.e. when W ₁ = 0 ° to get essentially the same shape 10.8 concave recess, you must use the cutter 40 with a different profile shape. With a profile of 40.8 milling cutters, run-up surfaces 32 are also formed on the ramp of the code row A ₁ , consistent with the shape of the pins 3.

The ramp for the pins 3, 3.1 consists of ramp-up surfaces 7 of width b ₇ (FIGS. 9a, 9b, 9c), so that the ramp-up angle for the pins in the concave recess 10 does not exceed the value of N _z anywhere. However, such run-in surfaces 7, 31 on the ramp 7, 31 can also be made (locally) by means of a second cutter after concave recesses 10 are made by the first cutter 40 on the blank, so that the desired maximum inclination N, for example, 42-45 ° at this point not exceeded.

On figs shows another option in which the allowable slope N of the concave recess 10 on the ramp 7, 31 is not exceeded. Here, the concave recess 10.8 may further have a horizontal locking groove BN. Such a blocking groove is described in patent No. WO 01/77466. Thanks to this, you can get additional encoding in the form of a blocking code.

Fig. 7 c is a perspective view showing a section through a secant plane corresponding to the code plane A ₁ at the tip 11 of the key, similarly to the example in Fig. 9 with a concave recess 10.9. In the secant plane A ₁ (on ramp 7, 31), the recess 10.8 has a first slope N ₁ = 0 ° and a rounded portion 13 adjacent to it with a maximum second slope N _2.1 = N _z . Then follows a horizontal locking groove BN, made, for example, using a milling cutter for coding. Outside the ramp 7, the concave recess 10.8 has a stronger second slope, which here is, for example, N _2.2 = 60 °, that is, the second slope here can preferably be significantly greater than 45 °.

Fig. 8 illustrates the correspondence between different versions of concave recesses 10 on keys S and blanks S 'and different market segments and applications M _i . So, in a locking system with several different options for concave recesses 10 _i, it is possible to specify an unambiguous segmentation of the independent market and areas of application M _i . These can be different geographic market segments, for example, for individual countries or representative offices, or technically different areas of application, for example, different technical systems with different numbers of code combinations and different security requirements.

This segmentation of the market and applications using different options of concave recesses 10 _i can be carried out in the same way as explained in patent No. WO 01/77466 in relation to additional coding using a blocking groove.

In addition, using different versions of concave recesses 10 _{i, it is} also possible to create additional code combinations (Cod). So, for example, in a system with 40 options, you can unambiguously distinguish 20 different market segments and additionally specify 20 more new code combinations.

The proposed locking system also allows the manufacture of keys and cylinders in two stages. At the first, more complex, stage, the system owner centrally produces concave recesses 10 at the tips of the keys and convex forms 20 on the mating parts of the cylinders or provides authority for their manufacture, and at a simpler stage, additional coding of the keys and completing of the cylinders with the mating parts can be performed .

Various options for concave recesses 10 _i can be performed as follows:

- changing the profile of the cutter 40, for example, the use of cutters 40.8 in Fig.7, 40.9 in Fig.11, 40.6 in Fig.13 and 40.7 in Fig.14;

- a change in the orientation of the axis of the cutter 41, for example, in the positions of the axis 41.1 and 41.2 in figa and 11, 41.3 in Fig.12, 41.4 in Fig.14, 41.11 in Fig.3 and 41.12 in Fig.5. The axis of the cutter is as follows:

41.1 in the y-z plane parallel to the y axis;

41.2 in the yz plane at an angle W _i to the y axis;

41.3 in the xy plane at an angle W ₃ to the y axis;

41.4 in the x-y plane parallel to the z axis;

41.11 in the x-z plane parallel to the x axis.

The axis 41 of the cutter can be located perpendicular to the x axis and at an angle W ₁ from 0 to 20 ° to the y axis, perpendicular to the z axis and at an angle W ₃ from 0 to 20 ° to the y axis or perpendicular to the x axis and at an angle W ₄ from 0 to 20 ° to the z axis. Due to this, for example, various variants of the shape of the concave recesses 10: 10.1-10.

- concave recesses 10 _i can be additionally provided in various sections 12.1, 12.2, 12.3 (Fig.6) on the left l or right r side of the key;

- while the secant planes 36 of the running surfaces 35 on the tip of the key can be located relative to the middle plane 5 at different angles W ₂ .

Due to the combination of these factors, for example, due to two milling cutters 40 of different shapes, three different positions of the milling axles 41, placement on three different sections 12 _i when the surfaces 35 are positioned at three different angles W ₂ , a total of 2 × 3 × can theoretically be obtained 3 × 3 = 54 different versions of concave recesses 10 _i . It also means that a particular option from the total number of options is difficult to identify and copy.

On figa, 9b, 9c shows in three views another example of a concave recess 10.9 with a horizontal locking groove BN, similar to the example with figs. The milled locking groove BN is located on the ramp 7, 31 for the pins 3, the code plane A _{1 of} which, as in the example in figa, 7b, is located to the z axis at an angle Wa ₁ , for example 15 °.

Figure 10 shows a two-cylinder lock 1 with cylinders Z _a , Z _b for keys S or blanks S 'with a concave recess 10 at the tip of the key 11 and the convex response forms 20 on the mating parts 21a, 21 b in the cylinders Z _a , Z _b . As shown in FIG. 1, these mating parts are mounted on the movable connecting parts 22a, 22b to actuate the locking or switching element 23. The mating parts 21 can also be made in the form of a separate part, for example in the form of nozzles, or they can be made in the form of inserts for a modular system. The connecting part 22 can also be made with the possibility of moving to the locking or switching position in the half cylinder together with the mating part 21.

On figa-11d shows the key S or the workpiece S 'with a concave recess 10.9 made by the cutter 40.9. In this case, the cutter axis 41.1 is parallel to the y axis. If the same milling cutter 40.9 with the axis position 41.2 is introduced at an angle W ₁ to the y axis, the result is a new variant with a different shape of the concave recess 10. The angle W ₁ can be, for example, 10-20 °.

12 shows another embodiment of the concave recess 10.5 made by the cutter 40.9 of FIG. 11, but with the position of the axis 41.3, which lies in the xy plane at an angle W ₃ to the y axis, for example, 10-20 °.

On Fig shows another variant of the concave recess 10.6 made by the cutter 40.6. This variant has a different profile shape, but the same position of the axis of the cutter 41.1 parallel to the y axis, as in the example of FIG. 11b.

On figa, 14b, 14c in three views shows another variant of the concave recess 10.7, made by the cutter 40.7, the axis 41.4 of which extends in the xz plane perpendicular to the y axis and parallel to the z axis. On fig.14b and fig.14c shows a concave recess 10.7, which partially lies on the ramp 7, 31 of the code row A _i and forms in this place the surface 31 run with an inclination of N ₂ to the x axis of not more than 45 °. This can be achieved, for example, with the path 42 of the cutter, which is first directed at an angle of 0 °, and then 45 ° to the x axis.

This example shows a very pronounced, deep concave recess 10.7, which reaches almost the middle plane 5 with a minimum distance e of a few percent of the key thickness d. This gives a reliable stop for foreign keys. The other axis of the cutter can be located at an angle W ₄ to the z axis, for example, at an angle of 5-20 °.

In this application, the following notation applies.

S key S ' harvesting Z cylinder X key axis x, y, z spatial coordinate axes P _i code positions A _i code series C _i code levels Cod _i number of possible code combinations N slope 10 N ₁ first slope N ₂ second slope N _z angle of incidence 3 R radius 10 or 40 F cross sectional area 12 AT key width d key thickness a abutment depth e smallest distance between 10 and 5 F ₁ surface area 10 in cross section b ₁ width 10 t ₁ depth 10 l ₁ length 10 along the x axis F ₂ surface area 3 in cross section (in 10 s C ₁ ) b ₂ width 3 b ₇ pin tip width W ₁ angle 41 (in the y-z plane) W ₂ angle 35 W ₃ angle 41 (in the x-y plane) W ₄ angle 41 (in the y-z plane) Wa angle 4 relative to the z axis. l left side S r right side S Bn blocking groove M _i market segments one two cylinder lock 3 pins 3.1 narrow pin four axis 3 5 middle plane S 6 middle of the key (x-z plane) 7 sections or surfaces of the tip tip 9 locking or switching function 10, 10i concave recess 10.1-10.13 various forms 10 eleven key tip 12 key cross section 12.1, 12.2 sections 12 13 concave rounded portion 10 17 horizontal groove 20, 20i convex form 21 mating part in Z 22 movable connecting piece 23 trailing or switching element 25 concave portion 21 next to 20 31 3 in 10 32 ramp surfaces as shape 3 35 tip surface 36 secant plane 35 40 milling cutter for 10 41 milling axis 41.1 in the y-z plane parallel to the y axis 41.2 in the yz plane at an angle W _{1 of} mow y 41.3 in the xy plane at an angle W ₃ to the y axis 41.4 in the x-z plane parallel to the z axis 41.5 in the x-z plane parallel to the x axis 42 toolpath

Claims (18)

1. The locking system with two-way keys (S), which have at least two code rows (A _i ) on the flat sides, and with reciprocating cylinders (Z) with pins (3), characterized in that on the flat sides of the keys, the ends of the keys (11), a concave recess (10) is provided, which interacts with the convex shape (20) on the movable mating part (21) in the cylinders, and the specified mating part (21) is mounted to move in the x-axis direction of the keys, and such a concave the recess provides the ability to enter the key to full depth well, due to abutment of said concave recess (10) over the entire surface to a convex shape (20) of the mating piece (21), wherein the concave recess (10) starting from the tip of the key, in the direction x Key axis initially has a first slope (N ₁₎ and then the second inclination (N ₂ ) relative to the axis of the key, the second inclination being greater than the first inclination, while the concave recess (10) has a portion (13) concavely rounded along the x axis, and said mating part (21) is moved to x direction to the locked or toggle position together with a linen part (22) installed with the possibility of movement with a geometric closure in the locking or switching element (23), and the rotation of the said locking or switching element (23) comes when the key entered to the entire depth is turned and activates the locking or switching function (9) . 2. The locking system according to claim 1, characterized in that the secant plane (36) of the surfaces (35) running on the tip of the key relative to the middle plane (5) of the key is rotated at an angle (W ₂ ), and the angle W ₂ does not exceed 15 ° - 20 °. 3. The locking system according to claim 1, characterized in that the various options for concave recesses (10 _i ) differ in shape and / or placement in different sections (12.1, 12.2) of the cross section of the key and / or in the angle (W ₂ ) between surfaces (35) running on the tip of the key and the middle plane (5) of the key. 4. The locking system according to claim 3, characterized in that the disjoint segments (M _i ) of the market unambiguously correspond to different variants of concave recesses (10 _i ). 5. The locking system according to claim 1, characterized in that the mating parts (21) are mounted on the movable connecting parts (22) of the twin cylinder or are made in the form of a removable part. 6. The locking system according to claim 1, characterized in that the mating part (21) in addition to the convex shape (20) also has a concave supporting portion (25) corresponding to the convex shape of the tip (11) of the key next to the concave recess (10). 7. A blank (S ') for a double-sided key (S) or a double-sided key, intended for use in a locking system comprising counter cylinders (Z) with pins (3), said key blank or key containing at least two code rows (A _i ) on the flat sides and is characterized in that on the flat sides of the key, at the tip (11) of the key, there is a concave recess (10) interacting with the convex shape (20) on the movable mating part (21) in the cylinder (Z) installed with the possibility of movement in the direction of the x axis of the key, and t Such a concave recess (10) allows the key to be inserted to the full depth due to the abutment of the indicated concave recess (10) over the entire surface to the convex shape (20) of the mating part (21) of the specified cylinder (Z), and the concave recess (10) starting from the tip of the key, in the direction of the x axis of the key, first has a first slope (N ₁ ), and then a second slope (N ₂ ) relative to the key axis, the second slope being larger than the first slope, and also the portion (13) concave rounded along the x axis, moreover, the specified key provides the movement of the specified conjugate parts (21) in the x direction to the locked or switched position together with the connecting part (22) provided in the lock system and configured to move with a geometric closure into the locking or switching element (23) of the lock system, and the key inserted through the entire depth of turn causes the rotation of said locking or switching element (23), leading to the activation of the function (9) of locking or switching the locking system. 8. A blank or key according to claim 7, characterized in that the first inclination (N ₁ ) of the concave recess (10) relative to the axis of the key lies in the range from 0 ° to 10 °, and the second inclination (N ₂ ) of the concave recess is at least at least 40 °. 9. A blank or key according to claim 7, characterized in that the concave recess (10) has a ramp (7) for the code row (A). 10. A blank or key according to claim 7, characterized in that the concave recess (10) in addition to the ramp (7, 31) for the pins (3) further comprises a section with an increased inclination (N _2.2 ), preferably at least 55 °. 11. The blank or key according to claim 7, characterized in that the concave recess (10) additionally has a horizontal milled locking groove (BN). 12. A blank or key according to claim 7, characterized in that the width (b ₁ ) of the concave recess (10) is at least 20-40% greater than the width (b ₂ ) of the pins (3). 13. A blank or key according to claim 7, characterized in that the width (b ₁ ) of the concave recess (10) is at least 50% of its length (l ₁ ). 14. A blank or key according to claim 7, characterized in that the cross-sectional area (F ₁ ) of the concave recess (10) is at least 8% of the key cross-sectional area. 15. A blank or key according to claim 7, characterized in that the concave recess (10) is made by a profiled cutter (40), the axis (41) of which is perpendicular to the x axis and at an angle (W ₁ ) from 0 ° to 20 ° to the axis y. 16. A blank or key according to claim 7, characterized in that the concave recess (10) in the direction of the axis (x) of the key has a rounded portion (13) whose radius (R) is less than the thickness (d) of the key or does not exceed 2 mm. 17. The workpiece or key according to claim 7, characterized in that the smallest distance (e) between the concave recess (10) and the median plane (5) of the workpiece or key does not exceed 10% of the thickness (d) of the key. 18. A blank or key according to claim 7, characterized in that the concave recess (10) is located in the code row (A) before the first code position (P ₁ ).

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