EP2094504B1 - Élément de sécurité à métallisation - Google Patents

Élément de sécurité à métallisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2094504B1
EP2094504B1 EP07819696A EP07819696A EP2094504B1 EP 2094504 B1 EP2094504 B1 EP 2094504B1 EP 07819696 A EP07819696 A EP 07819696A EP 07819696 A EP07819696 A EP 07819696A EP 2094504 B1 EP2094504 B1 EP 2094504B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
metal layer
security element
metal
security
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP07819696A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2094504A2 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Heim
Bernhard Wiedner
Marius Dichtl
Mario Keller
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Giesecke and Devrient GmbH
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Giesecke and Devrient GmbH
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Publication of EP2094504A2 publication Critical patent/EP2094504A2/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/373—Metallic materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/40—Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/351—Translucent or partly translucent parts, e.g. windows
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/40—Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper
    • D21H21/44—Latent security elements, i.e. detectable or becoming apparent only by use of special verification or tampering devices or methods
    • D21H21/48—Elements suited for physical verification, e.g. by irradiation
    • B42D2033/10—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/23—Identity cards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/328—Diffraction gratings; Holograms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a security element for security papers, documents of value and the like having a substrate and an opaque metallization arranged on the substrate.
  • the invention further relates to an associated manufacturing method, a security paper and a data carrier with such a security element.
  • Valuables such as branded goods or documents of value, are often provided with security elements for the purpose of protection, which allow verification of the authenticity of the object of value and at the same time serve as protection against unauthorized reproduction.
  • a number of these security elements such as hologram strips or so-called hologram patches, contain thin opaque metal coatings, typically having a thickness between 10 nm and about 100 nm. Due to the good availability, the excellent reflection properties, the relatively good chemical resistance and the low price, aluminum is used predominantly for the metal coatings of banknote holograms, security threads and the like.
  • WO 2003/091042 shows a security element with two layers of different metal.
  • Banknotes may be subject to severe mechanical and sometimes chemical stress during their circulation. It was observed that the thin aluminum coatings of the security elements can corrode and thus be severely damaged, whereby the optical impression of the banknote is greatly changed. Chemically highly resistant metals, such as gold, palladium or platinum, are generally considerably too expensive for use in security elements. Other chemically better resistant metals than aluminum are less expensive, but optically less brilliant and therefore visually less appealing.
  • the object of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • a security element of the type mentioned with improved circulation resistance and / or increased counterfeit security should be specified.
  • the metallization comprises a first opaque metal layer and a second opaque metal layer arranged above the first metal layer, and that the two metal layers have substantially the same color shade in the visible spectral range.
  • Complete color matching of the metal layers is not required.
  • the two metal layers differ significantly in their chemical and / or mechanical resistance. Increased circulation resistance is achieved, in particular, when the second metal layer is chemically and / or mechanically more resistant than the first metal layer.
  • the metal layers may differ in their reflectivity, the arrangement of the metal layers for a good visual impression is advantageously chosen so that the first metal layer reflects more than the second metal layer.
  • the layer thickness of thin layers is usually expressed in terms of optical density, which is a measure of the attenuation experienced by light as it passes through the thin layer.
  • an optical density of 1.0 corresponds to a weakening of the light to one-tenth of the original illuminance, an optical density of 2.0 to one-hundredth of a weakening.
  • opaque is to be understood as meaning an optical density of at least 0.5, preferably of at least 0.7, particularly preferably of at least 1.0.
  • the Schichtdikken the two metal layers are chosen so that their optical density is substantially equal.
  • the optical densities of the two metal layers may differ by less than 0.3, in particular by less than 0.2.
  • the optical density of the two metal layers is preferably greater than 1.0, in particular greater than 1.2.
  • the two metal layers are suitably coordinated so that the optical density of the opaque Metallization, so the two metal layers together, between 1.5 and 5.0, preferably between 1.5 and 3.0.
  • a layer of a corrosion-resistant metal in particular a platinum layer, a palladium layer or a chromium layer, is advantageously considered for the second metal layer.
  • a chromium layer is particularly preferred because this material combines low cost, high durability, and relatively good reflective properties.
  • the second metal layer is therefore preferably a chromium layer, in particular with a thickness of about 25 nm or more.
  • the use of aluminum layers, in particular with a thickness of about 15 nm or more, is preferred for the first metal layer.
  • chromium layer as the second metal layer with an aluminum layer as the first metal layer, since chromium and aluminum both have a substantially flat reflection spectrum in the visible spectral range and therefore both cause a white color impression.
  • the advantages of the high reflectivity of the aluminum and the high resistance of the chromium can be combined.
  • the visual impression of the metallization of the security element is determined by the high-gloss aluminum layer.
  • the chromium layer with its essentially the same color tone takes on the light reflection.
  • the lower reflectivity of the chromium layer falls practically in the case of heavily used banknotes with the naked eye not up.
  • the characteristic appearance of the metallization of the security element thus remains even with heavy wear.
  • a spacer layer is provided between the two metal layers, which in particular forms an electrical and / or chemical insulation layer.
  • the spacer layer is advantageously formed by a transparent printing layer or a transparent vapor-deposited layer.
  • the spacer layer is formed by a ceramic layer, in particular an SiO x layer, an Al 2 O 3 layer, an MgF 2 layer, or else by an organic layer.
  • the spacer layer can form a barrier layer against the permeation of gases and vapors, in particular of oxygen and hydrogen.
  • the security element has a diffraction structure in the form of a relief structure.
  • the diffraction structure advantageously comprises an embossed embossing lacquer layer and at least a partial region of the metal layers. If it is desired to visually emphasize certain partial regions of the diffraction structure, the first metal layer can advantageously be present only in these partial regions.
  • the security element then contains first areas in which the first metal layer is visible and second areas in which the second metal layer is visible. Although the visual impression in the two areas is naturally very similar due to the substantially same color shade, nuances in the appearance of the partial areas can be perceived with different reflection properties of the metal layers.
  • the security element can also be scattering structures (matt structures), antireflective topographies, refractive structures, Zero order gratings, blazed gratings, optically variable topographies using micromirrors and / or retroreflective structures.
  • the two metal layers have recesses in the form of patterns, characters or a coding, which pass through both metal layers.
  • the security element can then be transparent or translucent, or it can emerge an information arranged below the metallization.
  • the security element preferably represents a security thread, a security strip, a security tape or a patch.
  • the invention also includes a method for producing a security element for security papers, documents of value and the like, in which a substrate is provided, a first opaque metal layer is arranged on the substrate, and a second opaque metal layer is arranged over the first metal layer in the visible spectral range has substantially the same color as the first metal layer.
  • the two metal layers are preferably applied by means of a vacuum coating process.
  • an aluminum layer is applied as first metal layer and a chromium layer as second metal layer.
  • a spacer layer may be applied, which is conveniently printed or vapor deposited in a vacuum coating process.
  • the security element is provided with a diffraction structure in the form of a relief structure.
  • an embossing lacquer is applied to the substrate, the embossing lacquer is embossed in the form of a desired diffraction structure, and the first and second metal layers are applied successively, optionally with the interposition of a spacer layer, to the embossed lacquer layer.
  • metal layers can be introduced through both metal layers through recesses in the form of patterns, characters or a coding, in particular with that of the document WO 99/13157 A1 known washing process.
  • the invention further includes a security paper for the production of value documents or the like and a data carrier, in particular a value document, such as a banknote, an identity card or the like.
  • a security paper or the data carrier are equipped according to the invention with a security element of the type described.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a banknote 10, which is provided with two high-cycle resistance metallized security elements according to the invention.
  • the first security element represents a security thread or a security strip 12, the second security element is formed by a glued transfer element 14 of any shape.
  • inventive security elements and the effect of the invention will now be described with reference to the cross-sectional views of FIGS. 2 to 6 described in more detail, wherein in each case only the layers essential for the invention are shown.
  • the finished security elements will contain other layers known to those skilled in the art, such as adhesive layers, protective layers, primers or the like.
  • the security element 20 of Fig. 2 comprises, as a substrate, a plastic film 22 on which two opaque metal layers 24 and 26 are vapor-deposited one above the other, which have substantially the same color shade in the visible spectral range.
  • the first metal layer 24 is formed by a thin aluminum layer
  • the second metal layer 26 by a thin chromium layer.
  • the layer thicknesses of the two metal layers are chosen so that the optical density of the aluminum layer and the chromium layer is about 1.5 each.
  • the reflectivity of the chromium layer 26 is about 50%, however, less than the reflectivity of the aluminum layer 24, which is about 90%, so that the chromium layer alone appears slightly darker than the aluminum layer with the same hue.
  • the metallized substrate is preferably applied to a security paper with the metallized side so that the substrate film 22 faces the viewer.
  • the chrome layer 26 is then completely covered by the opaque aluminum layer 24 as seen by the viewer, so that the overall visual impression of the security element is given only by the high-gloss aluminum layer 24.
  • the substrate 22 may remain on the already applied security element or, preferably, be removed.
  • the partial corrosion of the thin aluminum layer 24 may occur in the case of particularly high stress, for example in tropical countries or in the case of strong perspiration.
  • the aluminum layer which is less resistant to the highest stresses, can thereby obtain light-permeable cracks and defects.
  • the chemically and mechanically significantly more resistant chromium layer 26 assumes the light reflection in these light-transmissive areas.
  • the reflectivity of the chromium layer 26 is slightly lower than that of the aluminum layer 24, especially in mechanical and / or chemical
  • bank notes that are heavily stressed are hardly noticeable to the observer by the change of reflective metal in some areas.
  • the basic visual impression of the security element namely its metallic appearance and the color impression of the metallization, is maintained even with heavy wear.
  • An increased circulation resistance can be obtained in a wide range of layer thicknesses for the two metal layers 24, 26.
  • Layer thicknesses from an optical density of about 0.5 are suitable for the first metal layer facing the observer, but optical densities of 1.0 or more are generally selected for a very good visual impression and high reflection.
  • the second, highly resistant metal layer also leads from an optical density of 0.5 already to a significant increase in circulation resistance of the security element.
  • optical densities above 1.0 have been proven for good corrosion protection.
  • very expensive metals, such as platinum or palladium are used for the corrosion-resistant second metal layer, the second metal layer is formed with the minimum necessary layer thickness for cost reasons, so that optical densities well below 1.0 are also possible.
  • the thicknesses of the two metal layers are advantageously matched to one another such that the optical density of the metal layers together is above 1.5, in particular in the range from 1.5 to 3.0.
  • an electrically and optionally also chemically insulating, transparent spacer layer 32 is arranged between the two metal layers 24, 26 of the security element 30, an electrically and optionally also chemically insulating, transparent spacer layer 32 is arranged.
  • the spacer layer 32 can in particular prevent local element formation and thus accelerated corrosion by pitting.
  • Suitable spacer layers are transparent print layers, transparent layers applied in a vacuum coating process, such as layers of SiO x , with x between 1.5 and 2, Al 2 O 3 or MgF 2 , but also organic coatings.
  • the layer thickness of the spacer layer 32 plays only a minor role and may be between about 10 nm and several micrometers.
  • the spacer layer 32 can also be designed as a barrier layer against the permeation of gases and vapors, in particular of oxygen and hydrogen.
  • Fig. 4 shows as another embodiment of the invention provided with a metallized hologram security element 40.
  • an embossing lacquer layer 44 was printed on a carrier film 42 and embossed the desired diffraction structure of the hologram in the form of a relief structure.
  • a first metal layer 46 made of aluminum and a second metal layer 48 made of chromium are applied as hologram metallization. Between the two metal layers 46, 48, a spacer layer 50 may be provided. Due to the variable surface topography of the relief structure, the Spacing layer 50 may be able to follow the surface topography of the first metal layer 46.
  • ceramic, transparent vapor deposition layers, such as SiO x , Al 2 O 3 or MgF 2 with layer thicknesses of 10 nm or more are suitable for this purpose. Even thin, the surface topography following organic coatings can be used.
  • the security elements according to the invention may also contain negative information in the form of patterns, characters or codes, which are formed by corresponding recesses in the metallization.
  • a security element 60 in which a substrate 62 is provided with a metallization 64 formed by an aluminum layer 66, a transparent ceramic spacer layer 68, and a chromium layer 70.
  • the metallization 64 may also form the metal coating of a diffractive structure, such as a hologram.
  • the substrate 62 comprises in addition to a carrier film in particular also an embossed lacquer layer, such as in Fig. 4 shown.
  • 64 recesses 72 in the form of the desired negative information are introduced into the metallization 64, wherein the recesses 72 extend through the two metal layers 66, 70 and the ceramic spacer layer 68.
  • the demetallized areas 72 can be produced, for example, by a washing process, as is known from the document WO 99/13157 A1 is known.
  • FIG. 6 Another embodiment of the invention is in Fig. 6 illustrated.
  • the security element 80 shown there corresponds in its layer structure largely the security element 60 of Fig. 5 , but with the difference that the chromium layer 70 is applied as a first metal layer and an aluminum layer 66 as a second metal layer and that now recesses 82 are provided which are present only in the aluminum layer 66.
  • This security element is viewed from the aluminum layer 66 side.
  • the second metal layer 70 is applied to the first metal layer only in partial areas.
  • this novel security element 80 due to the different reflectivities of the two metal layers 66, 70 in the areas with or without recesses 82, nuanced visual appearances can be perceived. Although the visual impression in the two areas is very similar in design terms, the subtle differences between certain design elements, in particular holograms ( Fig. 4 ), emphasized and highlighted.
  • the recognizability of the nuanced appearances formed by the shape and position of the recesses 82 generally decreases and can ultimately disappear completely under extreme wear.
  • the increased circulation resistance of the security element 80 is ensured by the highly resistant chromium layer 70 even at maximum wear.

Claims (16)

  1. Elément de sécurité pour papiers de sécurité, documents de valeur et analogues, comportant un substrat et une métallisation opaque disposée sur le substrat, la métallisation comprenant une première couche métallique opaque ayant une densité optique d'au moins 0,5 et une deuxième couche métallique opaque, différente et disposée sur la première couche métallique, ayant une densité optique d'au moins 0,5, les deux couches métalliques présentant, dans le domaine spectral visible, pour l'essentiel la même tonalité, et présentant une différence significative au niveau de leur résistance chimique et/ou mécanique.
  2. Elément de sécurité selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième couche métallique présente une résistance chimique et/ou mécanique plus grande que celle de la première couche métallique.
  3. Elément de sécurité selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les couches métalliques diffèrent au niveau de leur réflectivité, et que la première couche métallique présente une réflexion plus forte que la deuxième couche métallique.
  4. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la densité optique de chacune des deux couches métalliques est supérieure à 1,0, de préférence supérieure à 1,2.
  5. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième couche métallique est une couche de chrome ayant une épaisseur d'environ 25 nm ou plus, et que la première couche métallique est une couche d'aluminium, qui a une épaisseur d'environ 15 nm ou plus.
  6. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'entre les couches métalliques est prévue une couche d'écartement, qui forme une couche d'isolement électrique et/ou chimique.
  7. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de sécurité comprend une structure de diffraction sous forme d'une structure en relief.
  8. Elément de sécurité selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les couches métalliques comprennent des évidements, qui traversent les deux couches métalliques, sous forme de modèles, de caractères ou d'un codage.
  9. Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de sécurité pour papiers de sécurité, documents de valeur et analogues, dans lequel on met à disposition un substrat, on dispose sur le substrat une première couche métallique opaque ayant une densité optique d'au moins 0,5, et on dispose sur la première couche métallique une deuxième couche métallique opaque, différente, ayant une densité optique d'au moins 0,5, qui dans le domaine spectral visible présente pour l'essentiel la même tonalité que la première couche métallique, et qui, pour ce qui est de sa résistance chimique et/ou mécanique, diffère d'une manière significative de la première couche métallique.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que les deux couches métalliques sont appliquées avec une densité optique supérieure à 1,0, de préférence supérieure à 1,2.
  11. Procédé selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que les deux couches métalliques sont appliquées par un procédé de revêtement sous vide.
  12. Procédé selon au moins l'une des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'on applique en tant que deuxième couche métallique une couche de chrome, et qu'on applique en tant que première couche métallique une couche d'aluminium.
  13. Procédé selon au moins l'une des revendications 9 à 12, caractérisé en ce qu'on applique une couche d'écartement entre la première et la deuxième couches métalliques, et que la couche d'écartement est appliquée par impression ou par évaporation dans le cadre d'un procédé de revêtement sous vide.
  14. Procédé selon au moins l'une des revendications 9 à 13, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de sécurité est pourvu d'une structure de diffraction sous forme d'une structure en relief.
  15. Papier de sécurité pour la fabrication de documents de valeur ou analogues, qui est muni d'un élément de sécurité selon au moins l'une des revendications 1 à 8.
  16. Support de données, en particulier document de valeur, tels qu'un billet de banque, une carte d'identité ou analogues, qui est muni d'un élément de sécurité selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8.
EP07819696A 2006-11-23 2007-11-08 Élément de sécurité à métallisation Active EP2094504B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006055680A DE102006055680A1 (de) 2006-11-23 2006-11-23 Sicherheitselement mit Metallisierung
PCT/EP2007/009687 WO2008061636A2 (fr) 2006-11-23 2007-11-08 Élément de sécurité à métallisation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2094504A2 EP2094504A2 (fr) 2009-09-02
EP2094504B1 true EP2094504B1 (fr) 2010-05-19

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EP07819696A Active EP2094504B1 (fr) 2006-11-23 2007-11-08 Élément de sécurité à métallisation

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US8317231B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2094504B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101557944B (fr)
AT (1) ATE468231T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102006055680A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2428316C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008061636A2 (fr)

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EP2524814B1 (fr) 2011-05-18 2015-03-25 Landqart AG Améliorations apportées à des caractéristiques de sécurité

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ATE468231T1 (de) 2010-06-15
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CN101557944B (zh) 2012-08-15
WO2008061636A3 (fr) 2008-09-18
US8317231B2 (en) 2012-11-27
DE502007003890D1 (de) 2010-07-01
EP2094504A2 (fr) 2009-09-02
WO2008061636A2 (fr) 2008-05-29
RU2009123400A (ru) 2010-12-27
DE102006055680A1 (de) 2008-05-29
US20100207376A1 (en) 2010-08-19

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