EP2069551A2 - Dispositif et procédé de formation de couches fines sur des surfaces de substrats - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de formation de couches fines sur des surfaces de substrats

Info

Publication number
EP2069551A2
EP2069551A2 EP07801316A EP07801316A EP2069551A2 EP 2069551 A2 EP2069551 A2 EP 2069551A2 EP 07801316 A EP07801316 A EP 07801316A EP 07801316 A EP07801316 A EP 07801316A EP 2069551 A2 EP2069551 A2 EP 2069551A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reaction chamber
plasma
plasma source
electromagnetic radiation
precursor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07801316A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Birte Dresler
Volkmar Hopfe
Ines Dani
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Publication of EP2069551A2 publication Critical patent/EP2069551A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
    • C23C16/448—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for generating reactive gas streams, e.g. by evaporation or sublimation of precursor materials
    • C23C16/452—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for generating reactive gas streams, e.g. by evaporation or sublimation of precursor materials by activating reactive gas streams before their introduction into the reaction chamber, e.g. by ionisation or addition of reactive species
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
    • C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
    • C23C16/45519—Inert gas curtains
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
    • C23C16/455—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for introducing gases into reaction chamber or for modifying gas flows in reaction chamber
    • C23C16/45595—Atmospheric CVD gas inlets with no enclosed reaction chamber
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
    • C23C16/48—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating by irradiation, e.g. photolysis, radiolysis, particle radiation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
    • C23C16/54—Apparatus specially adapted for continuous coating
    • C23C16/545—Apparatus specially adapted for continuous coating for coating elongated substrates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device and a method for forming thin layers on substrate surfaces.
  • electromagnetic radiation emitted by a source is directed from the outside through a window into a coating chamber.
  • windows have to be cleaned very expensive and there are transmission losses.
  • Layers can also be formed in SoI gel technique. However, not all desired coating materials can be realized and very high temperatures are required for forming and curing the rails.
  • a layer formation by means of plasma sources under atmospheric pressure conditions is known from DE 102 39 875 A1, DE 10 2004 015 216 B4 and the formation of thin layers of silicon nitride from DE 10 2004 015 217 B4.
  • a plasma source is used, which is supplied to a gas or gas mixture for plasma formation.
  • the plasma gas also contains at least one component which is also used for layering. But it can also be at least one
  • plasma is aimed directly at the surface of the substrate to be coated and for the reactive formation of layers Substrate surfaces directly and actively effective.
  • plasma sources arc or microwave plasma sources can be used.
  • this object is achieved with a device having the features of claim 1. It can be worked with a method according to claim 12. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention can be achieved with features described in the subordinate claims.
  • the device according to the invention is designed so that a supply for at least one gaseous precursor is present at a reaction chamber area above a substrate surface to be coated, which contributes to layer formation.
  • a source emitting electromagnetic radiation which is a plasma source, is arranged so that with the emitted electromagnetic
  • the plasma source should in this case be arranged and should also be operated in such a way that no direct influence of the plasma on the substrate surface and the precursors leading to the layer formation occurs and only the emitted electromagnetic radiation acts.
  • the plasma source should be arranged within the reaction chamber area, wherein a window arranged therebetween can be dispensed with in order to avoid the disadvantages already mentioned in the introductory part of the description.
  • the invention can be used under vacuum conditions but also at atmospheric pressure, where atmospheric pressure is to be understood as meaning a pressure range of ⁇ 300 Pa around the respective ambient atmospheric pressure.
  • Electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength range of UV light and below is particularly suitable for the desired photolytic activation.
  • This can be achieved with suitable gases for plasma formation.
  • the particular gas or gas mixture has an influence on the emission spectrum of the radiation and can therefore be adapted to the precursor (s) used for layer formation.
  • the following gases can be used each alone but also as a mixture of at least two of these gases: argon, neon, helium, nitrogen, ammonia, hydrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and water vapor.
  • various layers of different materials, with certain stoichiometries and lattice structure, or network structure can be formed.
  • organic silicon compounds can be used as precursors. Alternatively, or as a mixture, these may also be silanes or halosilanes, which may also be supplied as a gas mixture and photolytically activated for the formation of layers. By chemical reactions, the particular desired layer material can then be formed as a thin layer on the substrate surface.
  • an amorphous hydrogen-containing silicon nitride layer can be formed as a layer on silicon wafers for solar cells in order to improve the optical properties for this application compared to known solutions and at the same time to achieve a passivation effect against defects.
  • argon nitrogen or an argon-ammonia mixture in the ratio of 100: 1 eingstation.
  • the ratio of layer-forming ammonia to silane is for example 4: 1.
  • the substrate temperature during the layer formation is about 150 0 C, but can be increased to improve the layer properties up to 400 0 C.
  • the deposition rate is usually in the range of 1 to 2 nm / s.
  • the refractive index of the layers can be adjusted within wide limits by the choice of the ratio of ammonia to silane between 1.7 and 2.3.
  • For the layer formation with carbon-containing compounds can be used as precursors saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons but also halogenated hydrocarbons, for example C 2 H 2 , CH 4 or C 2 H 4 in combination with nitrogen, ammonia or hydrogen.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of an example of a device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a device according to FIG. 1.
  • Device can be constructed at least similar, as has already been mentioned in the introduction to the description of the formation of layers at atmospheric pressure by means of plasma. Only a different arrangement and / or a different operation of the plasma source 2 has been selected.
  • a substrate 1 which is to be coated on a surface, introduced and passed through the device. There is a relative movement between the substrate 1 and the device. Thus, the entire but at least a large part of the surface can be coated.
  • a plasma is created with an arc between a cathode and an anode is formed.
  • the plasma source 2 is arranged in a windowless reaction chamber area 11.
  • the arc is fed to a plasma gas.
  • a volume flow and also a pressure for supplied plasma gas is selected, which is sufficient for plasma formation and thus for the emission of electromagnetic radiation but prevents plasma from entering a region of the reaction chamber region 11 in the precursor for the formation of thin layers.
  • One or more gaseous precursor (s) are introduced via the feed 9 into the reaction chamber area 11.
  • the activation of the atoms and / or molecules of the precursor (s) takes place exclusively photolytically by means of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the plasma source 2. Through this activation, chemical reactions of the precursor (s) take place and the thin layer can be formed on the surface of the substrate 1.
  • FIG. 2 is intended to further clarify how one suitable for use under atmospheric pressure
  • Device can be formed.
  • a sensor 10 is present at the supply for plasma gas, with the aid of which a control by a determination of pressure and / or flow rate of the supplied plasma gas can be done.
  • the correspondingly elongate arc plasma source 2 aligned in the plane of the drawing is arranged here in a slot-shaped reaction chamber region 11. From the plasma emitted electromagnetic radiation impinges on the surface of the substrate to be coated 1 and thereby penetrates gaseous precursor (s) which is / are introduced via the supply 9 just above the surface of the substrate into the reaction chamber region 11.
  • the superfluous reaction products can be removed as exhaust gas via an exhaust gas extraction 5 and 5 '. This can be done in the feed direction in front of and behind the reaction chamber area 11 but also circumferentially.
  • Gap 7 are supplied.
  • the purge gas flows out of the device in one direction and toward the reaction chamber region 11 in the opposite direction.
  • purge gas can be removed again with the exhaust gas via the exhaust 5 and 5 ', so that no but at least the largest part of the purge gas supplied does not enter the reaction chamber region 11 and the layer formation process is not affected thereby.
  • reaction chamber area 11 can also be designed such that, starting from the plasma source 11, it widens as conically as possible. As a result, a larger surface area can be used, since the emitted electromagnetic radiation propagates divergently anyway. Thus, at least the plasma-assisted reduced coating rate can be compensated again.
  • the device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a further advantage over other devices which can also be used with the invention. It can be operated temporarily, if desired, even in conventional form. This is particularly favorable in the case of a layer formation with at least two layers which are arranged one above the other.
  • the substrate 1, as indicated by the arrow in Figure 1 are first passed through from left to right through the device.
  • the formation of the layer is carried out according to the invention alone by photolytic activation. Subsequently, an oppositely directed movement of the substrate through the device takes place. In this case, pressure and / or volume flow of the plasma gas is increased so that the layer formation can be carried out in a conventional manner.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif et un procédé de formation de couches fines sur des surfaces de substrats. L'objectif de l'invention est d'offrir des possibilités permettant de produire des couches fines sur des surfaces de substrats qui présentent une configuration stratifiée du matériau, dotée de propriétés souhaitées. Le dispositif selon l'invention est conçu de sorte qu'il présente, au niveau d'une chambre de réaction au-dessus d'une surface de substrat à revêtir, un accès pour acheminer au moins un précurseur sous forme gazeuse qui contribue à la formation de couches. En outre, une source émettant un rayonnement électromagnétique, qui est une source de plasma, est disposée de sorte que le rayonnement électromagnétique émis entraîne une activation photolytique d'atomes et/ou de molécules du/des précurseur(s). A cet effet, la source de plasma doit être disposée et également activée de sorte qu'il ne s'opère aucun effet immédiat du plasma sur la surface de substrat et sur les précurseurs entraînant la formation de couches.
EP07801316A 2006-09-01 2007-08-29 Dispositif et procédé de formation de couches fines sur des surfaces de substrats Withdrawn EP2069551A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006042328A DE102006042328B4 (de) 2006-09-01 2006-09-01 Verfahren zur Ausbildung dünner Schichten auf Substratoberflächen
PCT/DE2007/001579 WO2008025352A2 (fr) 2006-09-01 2007-08-29 Dispositif et procédé de formation de couches fines sur des surfaces de substrats

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2069551A2 true EP2069551A2 (fr) 2009-06-17

Family

ID=39007012

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07801316A Withdrawn EP2069551A2 (fr) 2006-09-01 2007-08-29 Dispositif et procédé de formation de couches fines sur des surfaces de substrats

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20100233385A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2069551A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102006042328B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008025352A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100272891A1 (en) * 2009-04-10 2010-10-28 Lockheed Martin Corporation Apparatus and method for the production of carbon nanotubes on a continuously moving substrate
DE102009024319B4 (de) * 2009-06-02 2014-08-21 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur photoinduzierten Aushärtung mittels elektromagnetischer Strahlung aushärtbarer Polymere
US20160190382A1 (en) * 2014-08-12 2016-06-30 Solexel, Inc. Amorphous silicon based laser doped solar cells
DE102018211108B4 (de) 2018-07-05 2023-06-29 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zum Modifizieren und anschließendem Ausbilden einer Oberflächenbeschichtung auf einem metallischen Bauteil

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4454835A (en) * 1982-09-13 1984-06-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Internal photolysis reactor
JPS6227575A (ja) * 1985-07-30 1987-02-05 Yasuo Tarui 成膜方法
DE3926023A1 (de) * 1988-09-06 1990-03-15 Schott Glaswerke Cvd-beschichtungsverfahren zur herstellung von schichten und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
JPH04157159A (ja) * 1990-10-19 1992-05-29 Olympus Optical Co Ltd 立方晶窒化硼素の合成方法および装置
DE10239875B4 (de) * 2002-08-29 2008-11-06 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur großflächigen Beschichtung von Substraten bei Atmosphärendruckbedingungen
US20050227017A1 (en) * 2003-10-31 2005-10-13 Yoshihide Senzaki Low temperature deposition of silicon nitride
DE102004015217B4 (de) * 2004-03-23 2006-04-13 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur Ausbildung dünner Schichten aus Siliziumnitrid auf Substratoberflächen

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See references of WO2008025352A2 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20100233385A1 (en) 2010-09-16
DE102006042328B4 (de) 2012-07-05
DE102006042328A1 (de) 2008-03-20
WO2008025352A2 (fr) 2008-03-06
WO2008025352A3 (fr) 2008-04-10

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