EP2063070A2 - Formwork and method for manufacturing precise concrete parts and pre-fabricated concrete parts - Google Patents
Formwork and method for manufacturing precise concrete parts and pre-fabricated concrete parts Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2063070A2 EP2063070A2 EP08169483A EP08169483A EP2063070A2 EP 2063070 A2 EP2063070 A2 EP 2063070A2 EP 08169483 A EP08169483 A EP 08169483A EP 08169483 A EP08169483 A EP 08169483A EP 2063070 A2 EP2063070 A2 EP 2063070A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- formwork
- concrete
- chassis
- precast concrete
- base frame
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 title claims description 126
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009416 shuttering Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011376 self-consolidating concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B5/00—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping
- B28B5/04—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping in moulds moved in succession past one or more shaping stations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/0002—Auxiliary parts or elements of the mould
- B28B7/0008—Venting channels, e.g. to avoid vacuum during demoulding or allowing air to escape during feeding, pressing or moulding
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
- E21D11/086—Methods of making concrete lining segments
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a formwork for producing precise precast concrete elements, in particular segments, in circulation production, wherein the formwork is arranged on a chassis for transporting the formwork on a roadway. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing a precast concrete part with a particularly low manufacturing tolerance in circulation production and a precast concrete part with particularly low manufacturing tolerance.
- the object of the present invention is to propose a formwork for a circulating production as well as a corresponding method which make it possible to observe narrow dimensional and surface tolerances. Furthermore, a corresponding precast concrete to be proposed.
- a formwork for producing precise precast concrete parts, in particular segments, in circulation production is on a chassis for transporting the formwork arranged on a roadway.
- a device for compensating for unevenness of the roadway is arranged between the formwork and the chassis.
- the formwork is fed to a station of circulating concrete and then drove the formwork to a station for curing. Finally, it is switched off at another station.
- the formwork is stored without distortion, in particular during the journey between the filling station and the curing station and in the curing station.
- the three-point bearing is preferably designed to be adjustable, so that in each case a simple adaptation to conditions of the circulation system can be carried out on site.
- a precast concrete part with a particularly low manufacturing tolerance, which is manufactured in such a formwork in a circulating production, according to the invention is made of a concrete with a high and rapid initial strength development. Compliance with the dimensional tolerances can be supported, whereby at the same time short Ausschalterrorism be achieved in an advantageous manner.
- the concrete has a low shrinkage behavior.
- These two measures can both the workflow be accelerated and in particular the required tight manufacturing tolerances are kept in a favorable manner.
- the inventive three-point storage which causes a torsion-free storage of the formwork during trips, in particular by the combination with a concrete with the described properties of the workflow be accelerated, which can increase production while reducing production costs per finished part.
- An advantageous development of the invention provides that the formwork is exchangeably fixed to the chassis and / or the base frame. This allows the formwork to be easily replaced when other geometries or other projects are executed. Such a circulation position is thus suitable by mounting appropriate formwork for the production of different precast concrete parts.
- the compensation device is arranged between the chassis and the base frame. This makes it possible to arrange the formwork in a simple manner replaceable on the base frame. However, it may also be advantageous to arrange the compensation device between the base frame and the formwork, as this allows a simple construction.
- the chassis has a steel frame or a concrete slab for bearing the formwork. These can advantageously also be designed such that they are suitable for receiving conventional formwork, in particular segmental formwork. As a result of the torsion-free mounting of the formwork according to the invention or due to the torsion-free chassis, it is thus possible to use any formwork without further adjustments in a circulating system.
- the chassis on runners, wheels or rollers.
- the chassis can be easily moved from one station of circulation production to the next.
- a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the chassis has two axes, of which the first is connected via two bearing points and the second via a bearing point with the formwork.
- the inventive three-point storage to compensate for unevenness of the road can thereby be formed in a favorable manner.
- the bearing via a bearing point axis can be carried out here in an advantageous manner as a pendulum axis and thereby form the balancing device.
- Another advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that in the balancing device between the base frame and formwork two bearing points rigid and a third bearing point is designed to be pivotable. This design also makes it possible to compensate for unevenness of the roadway or rails in a favorable manner.
- the chassis may in this case have two fixed axes.
- An advantageous development of the invention provides that at least one filling opening for concrete is arranged at a bottom of the formwork.
- a filling of the formwork is reached from below.
- the inflowing concrete completely fills the formwork.
- the voids formation in the precast concrete part can be reduced.
- post-treatments of the finished parts which are required in particular, can likewise be avoided or at least reduced. For example, a smoothing of the surface is no longer necessary if it is largely void-free by appropriate measures.
- the formwork is provided for a precast concrete part which has a very small thickness in relation to its areal extent.
- the formwork invention is thus particularly suitable for the production of tubbing.
- Another advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the formwork is formed closed on all sides.
- the form of the formwork can be designed to be stable in comparison to forms of the prior art, thereby also making it easier to adhere to the tolerances.
- the formwork has a one-piece cover.
- the form of the formwork can thus be constructed in a dimensionally stable and torsionally rigid manner.
- the filling can be done preferably from below, so that hinged wing cover are not required.
- the formwork has a multi-part lid, the parts are secured with closed formwork against twisting.
- vent openings are arranged in the lid. In this way, in particular during the filling of the concrete in the form of a shell from below in the form of a shell still existing air escape, so that voids on the surfaces of the precast concrete part is also avoided. However, it is also possible to evacuate the formwork before filling the concrete.
- the precast concrete part is subjected to a heat treatment in the curing station.
- the time can be shortened until stripping, so that the workflow in the production of finished parts can also be accelerated.
- the production of precast concrete parts is carried out in circulation production, it is also possible to subject a plurality of formwork or precast concrete parts to a heat treatment at the same time, so that the energy costs for the heat treatment are nevertheless limited.
- the concrete has a high concrete compressive strength. This also makes it possible to carry out the precast concrete parts less strongly than in the prior art. Depending on the recipe of the concrete used, reductions of about 25% are conceivable.
- the concrete is a fiber concrete.
- the fibers added to the concrete can to a certain extent replace a conventional steel reinforcement, so that time-consuming and labor-intensive reinforcement work can be saved.
- the precast concrete part can be manufactured thereby cheaper.
- the concrete is self-compacting. This also helps to avoid voids on the surfaces of the precast concrete part. A venting of the concrete is no longer necessary.
- the surface of the precast concrete element is substantially free of voids. This can be done in particular by appropriate adjustment of the concrete mix u.a. be achieved measures described above, which may remain in the concrete residual air in the interior of the precast concrete part and does not rise to the surface.
- the precast concrete part has a small thickness compared to its areal extent. This is in an inventive Formwork and with a method according to the invention for producing a precast concrete part particularly favorable manufacturable.
- the precast concrete part has a reinforcement cage. In this way, it is also possible to produce precast concrete parts with particularly high strength values.
- FIG. 1 shows a formwork 1 according to the invention for the production of precision precast concrete elements in circulation production.
- the formwork 1 is arranged on a chassis 2 for transporting the formwork 1 on a roadway.
- the formwork 1 is in particular a formwork 1 for the production of tubbing, which from a formwork floor 8 (see. Fig. 5 ), Side parts 3 and a cover 4.
- the chassis 2 can in a known manner on runners, wheels or rollers have to go through the various workstations in a circulation system. In the present case, the chassis 2 has wheels 5 and is rail-guided in the circulation system. Other versions are also conceivable.
- such circulating systems comprise about eight workstations.
- the reinforcement is inserted in another workstation.
- the formwork is moved to the filling station and the concrete is filled.
- a first post-treatment such as smoothing of the surfaces, whereupon the formwork is finally moved to another station for curing.
- the precast concrete part can be subjected to a heat treatment.
- a steam-heated heat treatment tunnel is provided for this purpose, which can significantly accelerate the production process.
- the precast concrete parts can be switched off and removed in another station.
- the storage according to the invention is therefore preferably designed as a three-point storage, which prevents such distortion and deformation of the formwork 1 and allows stable storage of the formwork 1.
- the three-point storage is realized here in the form of a pendulum axis 7 '.
- the formwork 1 is fixedly mounted on a base frame 6, which in turn is connected to the chassis 2.
- the chassis 2 in the present case has two axles 7, one of the two axles being in the form of a pendulum axle 7 '.
- An axle 7 is connected in a conventional manner via two bearing points 9 with the formwork 1 and the base frame 6, while the pendulum axis 7 'is connected via only one bearing point 9 with the formwork 1 and the base frame 6.
- the base frame 6 may for example be formed by a concrete slab on which the formwork 1 is superimposed.
- different formworks 1 can be mounted on the base frame 6, so that components with different geometries and different components can be manufactured in a circulation system. It is particularly advantageous in this case that can be used in a circulation system by torsion-free storage and conventional Tübbingschalungen without this special measures would be required.
- the replacement of the formwork 1 is thus particularly easy.
- the chassis 2, instead of the mentioned concrete slab as well as a steel frame for Auflagerung the Formwork 1 have.
- the base frame 6 can also be formed integrally with the chassis 2.
- the compensation device is arranged between the chassis 2 and the base frame 6, wherein the chassis 2 and the base frame 6 are firmly connected.
- the base frame 6 in this case has a fixed receptacle for the formwork.
- FIG. 3 shows a formwork 1, which is also mounted on a base frame 6 in the form of a three-point mounting, in a schematic front view.
- the three-point bearing is in this case designed such that a front position point 9 ', which is blackened in the present case, is designed to be pivotable, as indicated by the arrow, while two rear position points 9 are rigid.
- FIG. 4 shows, however, an embodiment, according to which the balancing device, similar to in FIG. 2 shown, between the base frame 6 and the chassis 2 is arranged.
- the balancing device similar to in FIG. 2 shown, between the base frame 6 and the chassis 2 is arranged.
- Such a design makes it possible to arrange the formwork 1 in a simple manner disassembled on the base frame, without affecting the storage. As a result, various formworks 1 can be mounted on the base frame 6.
- the formwork 1 is formed as all-sided closed formwork 1.
- An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides in this case that individual formwork parts not as usual in the art movable, but at least largely fixed to each other are connected. By such a configuration, the maintenance of tight tolerances in the manufacture of precise precast concrete parts can be further facilitated. Likewise, can be reduced by largely firmly interconnected formwork parts time-consuming surveying and adjustments to the formwork 1.
- the cover 4 of the formwork 1 is preferably formed as a one-piece lid.
- the formwork 1 can hereby be made more torsionally rigid and thus more stable than with a conventional in the art, two-part hinged lid.
- the filling of such a formwork 1 is carried out in a one-piece cover 4 thus not common in the prior art from above, but from below as in FIG. 5 shown.
- the bottom 8 of the formwork 1 has this for a filling opening 10, which allows filling of the formwork underside ago.
- vents are arranged in the cover 4 in this case.
- a formwork 1 for the production of tubbing is shown.
- the ventilation openings are preferably arranged at the edges of the shuttering cover 4 in the region of the two annular joints and in the middle of the tubbing parallel to the annular joints.
- the filling opening 10 is preferably arranged in the region of the lowest point of the bottom 8. However, it is also possible to provide a plurality of filling openings 10 or to arrange them at other locations of the bottom 8. Preferably, however, only one filling opening is arranged, since this does not hinder the circulation of the formwork 1 by the work stations of the circulation system.
- the filling opening 10 has a feed opening 11 for the concrete to be pumped in and a closing valve 12. After filling the pumped concrete, the filling opening 10 can be closed by means of the closing valve 12, the sprue of the concrete being removed.
- the cover 4 is preferably made of a sheet steel or a coated sheet metal to facilitate release during stripping.
- a concrete with a high concrete compressive strength it is possible, for example with a tubbing, to reduce the segment thickness by about 25%. Furthermore, it is favorable to use a self-compacting concrete. A venting of the concrete is thereby no longer necessary, so that thereby the voids formation on the surfaces of the precast concrete part can be avoided.
- an appropriate vote of the concrete recipe can hereby be further achieved that in concrete eventually contained residual air does not rise to the surface, but remains in the interior of the precast concrete part, so that this also a largely void-free surface can be achieved.
- the concrete is a fiber concrete.
- steel fibers or plastic fibers can be added to the concrete.
- the concrete has a reinforcement, in the case of Tubbingen in the form of a reinforcement cage. It may be advantageous to replace at least a portion of the steel reinforcement by an admixture of fibers. This also makes it possible to increase the strength of the concrete and thereby reduce the strength of the precast concrete part.
- the fiber addition can partially replace both a static and a constructive reinforcement. However, the processability and especially the pumpability of the concrete must be ensured here.
- a precast concrete part By a combination of these measures as well as torsion-free storage, a precast concrete part can be obtained which is dimensionally stable even with tight tolerance specifications, so that costly and time-consuming reworking such as smoothing of the surfaces can be largely avoided.
- a suitable concrete mixture in conjunction with the formwork according to the invention a void-free surface of the precast concrete parts can be achieved without shaking. This means, especially in the tubbing production, not only a reduced energy input, but also a significant reduction in noise emissions.
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
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- Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Schalung zur Herstellung präziser Betonfertigteile, insbesondere Tübbinge, in Umlauffertigung, wobei die Schalung auf einem Fahrgestell zum Transport der Schalung auf einer Fahrbahn angeordnet ist. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Betonfertigteiles mit besonders geringer Fertigungstoleranz in Umlauffertigung sowie ein Betonfertigteil mit besonders geringer Fertigungstoleranz.The present invention relates to a formwork for producing precise precast concrete elements, in particular segments, in circulation production, wherein the formwork is arranged on a chassis for transporting the formwork on a roadway. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing a precast concrete part with a particularly low manufacturing tolerance in circulation production and a precast concrete part with particularly low manufacturing tolerance.
Die Herstellung präziser Betonfertigteile in Umlauffertigung ist im Stand der Technik bekannt. Hierbei ist eine Schalform für das Betonfertigteil auf einem Fahrgestell angeordnet und durchläuft auf diesem die einzelnen Arbeitsstationen der Umlaufanlage nacheinander. Bekannt sind Umlaufanlagen, bei welchen die Fahrgestelle auf Rädern umlaufen oder auch schienengeführte Systeme. Während der Fahrten zwischen den einzelnen Arbeitsstationen kann es bedingt durch Fahrbahnunebenheiten wie beispielsweise Schienenstöße zu Stößen auf die Schalungen kommen, wodurch es zu Ungenauigkeiten in der Fertigung kommen kann. Insbesondere bei der Fertigung hochpräziser Betonfertigteile, wie beispielsweise Tübbingen, besteht hierdurch die Gefahr, dass vorgeschriebene Toleranzen und Oberflächengüten nicht eingehalten werden können.The production of precision precast concrete parts in circulation production is known in the art. Here, a formwork form for the precast concrete part is arranged on a chassis and passes through this one after the other workstations of the circulation system. Circulating systems are known in which the chassis revolve on wheels or rail-guided systems. During the journeys between the individual workstations, bumps on the formwork may occur due to road bumps such as rail joints, which can lead to inaccuracies in production. In particular, in the manufacture of high-precision precast concrete parts, such as tubbing, there is the danger that prescribed tolerances and surface qualities can not be met.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Schalung für eine Umlauffertigung sowie ein entsprechendes Verfahren vorzuschlagen, welche die Einhaltung enger Maß- und Oberflächentoleranzen ermöglichen. Weiterhin soll ein entsprechendes Betonfertigteil vorgeschlagen werden.The object of the present invention is to propose a formwork for a circulating production as well as a corresponding method which make it possible to observe narrow dimensional and surface tolerances. Furthermore, a corresponding precast concrete to be proposed.
Eine Schalung zur Herstellung präziser Betonfertigteile, insbesondere Tübbinge, in Umlauffertigung ist auf einem Fahrgestell zum Transport der Schalung auf einer Fahrbahn angeordnet. Erfindungsgemäß ist zwischen der Schalung und dem Fahrgestell eine Einrichtung zum Ausgleich von Unebenheiten der Fahrbahn angeordnet. Bei einem Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Betonfertigteiles mit besonders geringer Fertigungstoleranz in Umlauffertigung mit einer derartigen Schalung wird erfindungsgemäß der Schalung an einer Station der Umlauffertigung Beton zugeführt und anschließend die Schalung an eine Station zum Aushärten gefahren. Schließlich wird an einer weiteren Station ausgeschalt. Erfindungsgemäß wird die Schalung insbesondere während der Fahrt zwischen der Füllstation und der Aushärtestation sowie in der Aushärtestation verwindungsfrei gelagert. Durch die erfindungsgemäß verwindungsfreie Lagerung können die vorbeschriebenen Probleme, welche sich durch Fahrbahnunebenheiten, Schienenstöße und ähnliches ergeben können, weitgehend vermieden werden, da diese nicht mehr wie im Stand der Technik zu Verformungen der Schalung führen. Hierdurch ist es möglich, auch sehr enge Toleranzvorgaben, welche bei hochpräzisen Tübbingen beispielsweise im Bereich von 1/10 mm liegen, einzuhalten. Die Drei-Punkt-Lagerung ist hierbei vorzugsweise einstellbar ausgebildet, so dass in jedem Fall eine einfache Anpassung an Gegebenheiten der Umlaufanlage vor Ort durchgeführt werden kann. Ein Betonfertigteil mit besonders geringer Fertigungstoleranz, welches in einer derartigen Schalform in einer Umlauffertigung gefertigt wird, ist erfindungsgemäß aus einem Beton mit einer hohen und raschen Anfangsfestigkeitsentwicklung hergestellt. Die Einhaltung der Maßtoleranzen kann hierdurch unterstützt werden, wobei zugleich in vorteilhafter Weise kurze Ausschalzeiten erreicht werden.A formwork for producing precise precast concrete parts, in particular segments, in circulation production is on a chassis for transporting the formwork arranged on a roadway. According to the invention, a device for compensating for unevenness of the roadway is arranged between the formwork and the chassis. In a method for producing a precast concrete part with a particularly low manufacturing tolerance in circulation production with such a formwork according to the invention the formwork is fed to a station of circulating concrete and then drove the formwork to a station for curing. Finally, it is switched off at another station. According to the invention, the formwork is stored without distortion, in particular during the journey between the filling station and the curing station and in the curing station. As a result of the torsion-free mounting according to the invention, the above-described problems, which can result from unevenness in the road surface, rail joints and the like, can be largely avoided since they no longer lead to deformations of the formwork as in the prior art. This makes it possible, even very narrow tolerances, which are in high-precision tubbing example, in the range of 1/10 mm, to be observed. The three-point bearing is preferably designed to be adjustable, so that in each case a simple adaptation to conditions of the circulation system can be carried out on site. A precast concrete part with a particularly low manufacturing tolerance, which is manufactured in such a formwork in a circulating production, according to the invention is made of a concrete with a high and rapid initial strength development. Compliance with the dimensional tolerances can be supported, whereby at the same time short Ausschalzeiten be achieved in an advantageous manner.
Ebenfalls vorteilhaft ist es, wenn der Beton ein geringes Schwindverhalten aufweist. Durch diese beiden Maßnahmen kann sowohl der Arbeitsablauf beschleunigt werden sowie insbesondere die geforderten engen Fertigungstoleranzen in günstiger Weise eingehalten werden. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Drei-Punkt-Lagerung, welche eine verwindungsfreie Lagerung der Schalung während der Fahrten bewirkt, kann insbesondere durch die Kombination mit einem Beton mit den beschriebenen Eigenschaften der Arbeitsablauf beschleunigt werden, wodurch die Produktion erhöht werden kann und zugleich die Produktionskosten je Fertigteil verringert werden. Durch die Verbesserung des Schwindverhaltens des Betons können geforderte Maßtoleranzen somit auch nach dem Ausschalen und Lagerung der Betonfertigteile eingehalten werden.It is also advantageous if the concrete has a low shrinkage behavior. These two measures can both the workflow be accelerated and in particular the required tight manufacturing tolerances are kept in a favorable manner. The inventive three-point storage, which causes a torsion-free storage of the formwork during trips, in particular by the combination with a concrete with the described properties of the workflow be accelerated, which can increase production while reducing production costs per finished part. By improving the shrinkage behavior of the concrete required dimensional tolerances can thus be maintained even after stripping and storage of precast concrete parts.
Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Schalung und das Fahrgestell an einem Grundrahmen befestigt sind. Dies bietet in günstiger Weise die Möglichkeit, die Schalung demontierbar auf dem Grundrahmen anzuordnen und verschiedene Schalungen auf diesen Grundrahmen zu montieren.It is advantageous if the formwork and the chassis are attached to a base frame. This offers a favorable way the possibility to disassemble the formwork on the base frame and to mount different forms on this base frame.
Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass die Schalung austauschbar an dem Fahrgestell und/oder dem Grundrahmen befestigt ist. Hierdurch kann die Schalung bei Ausführung anderer Geometrien oder anderer Projekte einfach ausgetauscht werden. Eine derartige Umlauflage ist somit durch Montieren entsprechender Schalungen zur Herstellung unterschiedlicher Betonfertigteile geeignet.An advantageous development of the invention provides that the formwork is exchangeably fixed to the chassis and / or the base frame. This allows the formwork to be easily replaced when other geometries or other projects are executed. Such a circulation position is thus suitable by mounting appropriate formwork for the production of different precast concrete parts.
Vorteilhaft ist es weiterhin, wenn die Ausgleichseinrichtung zwischen dem Fahrgestell und dem Grundrahmen angeordnet ist. Hierdurch ist es möglich, die Schalung in einfacher Weise austauschbar an dem Grundrahmen anzuordnen. Ebenso kann es jedoch vorteilhaft sein, die Ausgleichseinrichtung zwischen dem Grundrahmen und der Schalung anzuordnen, da dies eine einfache Konstruktion ermöglicht.It is also advantageous if the compensation device is arranged between the chassis and the base frame. This makes it possible to arrange the formwork in a simple manner replaceable on the base frame. However, it may also be advantageous to arrange the compensation device between the base frame and the formwork, as this allows a simple construction.
Daneben ist es vorteilhaft, wenn das Fahrgestell einen Stahlrahmen oder eine Betonplatte zur Auflagerung der Schalung aufweist. Diese können vorteilhaft auch derart ausgebildet sein, dass sie zur Aufnahme herkömmlicher Schalungen, insbesondere Tübbingschalungen, geeignet sind. Durch die erfindungsgemäße verwindungsfreie Lagerung der Schalung bzw. durch das verwindungsfreie Fahrgestell kann somit jede beliebige Schalung ohne weitere Anpassungen in einer Umlaufanlage verwendet werden.In addition, it is advantageous if the chassis has a steel frame or a concrete slab for bearing the formwork. These can advantageously also be designed such that they are suitable for receiving conventional formwork, in particular segmental formwork. As a result of the torsion-free mounting of the formwork according to the invention or due to the torsion-free chassis, it is thus possible to use any formwork without further adjustments in a circulating system.
Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführung der Erfindung weist das Fahrgestell Kufen, Räder oder Walzen auf. Über diese kann das Fahrgestell in einfacher Weise von einer Station der Umlauffertigung zur nächsten bewegt werden.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the chassis on runners, wheels or rollers. About this, the chassis can be easily moved from one station of circulation production to the next.
Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, dass das Fahrgestell zwei Achsen aufweist, von denen die erste über zwei Lagerpunkte und die zweite über einen Lagerpunkt mit der Schalung verbunden ist. Die erfindungsgemäße Drei-Punkt-Lagerung zum Ausgleich von Unebenheiten der Fahrbahn kann hierdurch in günstiger Weise ausgebildet werden. Die über einen Lagerpunkt gelagerte Achse kann hierbei in vorteilhafter Weise als Pendelachse ausgeführt werden und hierdurch die Ausgleichseinrichtung bilden.A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the chassis has two axes, of which the first is connected via two bearing points and the second via a bearing point with the formwork. The inventive three-point storage to compensate for unevenness of the road can thereby be formed in a favorable manner. The bearing via a bearing point axis can be carried out here in an advantageous manner as a pendulum axis and thereby form the balancing device.
Eine andere vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, dass bei der Ausgleichseinrichtung zwischen Grundrahmen und Schalung zwei Lagerpunkte starr und ein dritter Lagerpunkt schwenkbar ausgebildet ist. Auch diese Ausführung ermöglicht in günstiger Weise einen Ausgleich von Unebenheiten der Fahrbahn oder der Schienen. Das Fahrgestell kann in diesem Fall zwei feste Achsen aufweisen.Another advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that in the balancing device between the base frame and formwork two bearing points rigid and a third bearing point is designed to be pivotable. This design also makes it possible to compensate for unevenness of the roadway or rails in a favorable manner. The chassis may in this case have two fixed axes.
Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass an einem Boden der Schalung zumindest eine Einfüllöffnung für Beton angeordnet ist. Somit wird ein Befüllen der Schalung von unten erreicht. Durch das Befüllen der Schalform von unten kann erreicht werden, dass der einströmende Beton die Schalform vollständig ausfüllt. Ebenso kann die Lunkerbildung in dem Betonfertigteil verringert werden. Durch die Verringerung der Lunkerbildung können Nachbehandlungen der Fertigteile, welche insbesondere bei erforderlich sind, ebenfalls vermieden oder zumindest verringert werden. So ist beispielsweise ein Glätten der Oberfläche nicht mehr erforderlich, wenn diese durch entsprechende Maßnahmen weitgehend lunkerfrei ist.An advantageous development of the invention provides that at least one filling opening for concrete is arranged at a bottom of the formwork. Thus, a filling of the formwork is reached from below. By filling the formwork from below can be achieved that the inflowing concrete completely fills the formwork. Likewise, the voids formation in the precast concrete part can be reduced. By reducing the formation of voids, post-treatments of the finished parts, which are required in particular, can likewise be avoided or at least reduced. For example, a smoothing of the surface is no longer necessary if it is largely void-free by appropriate measures.
Vorteilhafterweise ist die Schalung für ein Betonfertigteil vorgesehen, das in Bezug auf seine flächige Ausdehnung eine sehr geringe Dicke aufweist. Die erfindungsgemäße Schalung ist somit insbesondere zur Herstellung von Tübbingen geeignet.Advantageously, the formwork is provided for a precast concrete part which has a very small thickness in relation to its areal extent. The formwork invention is thus particularly suitable for the production of tubbing.
Eine andere vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass die Schalung allseitig geschlossen ausgebildet ist. Die Schalform kann hierdurch im Vergleich zu Formen des Standes der Technik stabil ausgebildet werden, so dass auch hierdurch die Einhaltung der Toleranzen erleichtert wird.Another advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the formwork is formed closed on all sides. As a result, the form of the formwork can be designed to be stable in comparison to forms of the prior art, thereby also making it easier to adhere to the tolerances.
Ebenfalls vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Schalung einen einteiligen Deckel aufweist. Die Schalform kann hierdurch besonders formstabil und verwindungssteif aufgebaut werden. Die Befüllung kann hier vorzugsweise von unten erfolgen, so dass klappbare Flügeldeckel nicht erforderlich sind.It is also advantageous if the formwork has a one-piece cover. The form of the formwork can thus be constructed in a dimensionally stable and torsionally rigid manner. The filling can be done preferably from below, so that hinged wing cover are not required.
Ebenso ist es jedoch möglich, dass die Schalung einen mehrteiligen Deckel aufweist, wobei die Teile bei geschlossener Schalung gegen eine Verwindung gesichert sind.However, it is also possible that the formwork has a multi-part lid, the parts are secured with closed formwork against twisting.
Daneben ist es vorteilhaft, wenn in dem Deckel Entlüftungsöffnungen angeordnet sind. Hierdurch kann insbesondere beim Einfüllen des Betons in die Schalform von unten eine in der Schalform noch vorhandene Luft entweichen, so dass Lunkerbildung an den Oberflächen des Betonfertigteils ebenfalls vermieden wird. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, die Schalform vor dem Einfüllen des Betons zu evakuieren.In addition, it is advantageous if vent openings are arranged in the lid. In this way, in particular during the filling of the concrete in the form of a shell from below in the form of a shell still existing air escape, so that voids on the surfaces of the precast concrete part is also avoided. However, it is also possible to evacuate the formwork before filling the concrete.
Bei einem Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Betonfertigteiles mit besonders geringer Fertigungstoleranz mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Schalung ist es vorteilhaft, wenn ein Beton verwendet wird, der eine hohe und rasche Anfangsfestigkeitsentwicklung aufweist. Die Einhaltung der Toleranzen des Betonfertigteiles kann hierdurch weiter unterstützt werden.In a method for producing a precast concrete part with particularly low manufacturing tolerance with a formwork according to the invention, it is advantageous if a concrete is used which has a high and rapid initial strength development. The compliance with the tolerances of the precast concrete part can be further supported thereby.
Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, wenn das Betonfertigteil in der Aushärtestation einer Wärmebehandlung unterzogen wird. Hierdurch kann die Zeit bis zum Ausschalen verkürzt werden, so dass der Arbeitsablauf in der Fertigteilherstellung ebenfalls beschleunigt werden kann. Da die Herstellung der Betonfertigteile in Umlauffertigung erfolgt, ist es möglich, auch mehrere Schalungen bzw. Betonfertigteile zugleich einer Wärmebehandlung zu unterziehen, so dass die Energiekosten für die Wärmebehandlung dennoch begrenzt sind.Furthermore, it is advantageous if the precast concrete part is subjected to a heat treatment in the curing station. As a result, the time can be shortened until stripping, so that the workflow in the production of finished parts can also be accelerated. Since the production of precast concrete parts is carried out in circulation production, it is also possible to subject a plurality of formwork or precast concrete parts to a heat treatment at the same time, so that the energy costs for the heat treatment are nevertheless limited.
Bei einem Betonfertigteil mit besonders geringer Fertigungstoleranz ist es darüber hinaus vorteilhaft, wenn der Beton eine hohe Betondruckfestigkeit aufweist. Hierdurch ist es auch möglich, die Betonfertigteile weniger stark als im Stand der Technik üblich auszuführen. Je nach Rezeptur des verwendeten Betons sind hierbei Verringerungen der Stärke von ca. 25% denkbar.In a precast concrete part with particularly low manufacturing tolerance, it is also advantageous if the concrete has a high concrete compressive strength. This also makes it possible to carry out the precast concrete parts less strongly than in the prior art. Depending on the recipe of the concrete used, reductions of about 25% are conceivable.
Daneben ist es vorteilhaft, wenn der Beton ein Faserbeton ist. Die dem Beton beigemengten Fasern können hierbei eine herkömmliche Stahlbewehrung zu einem gewissen Teil ersetzen, so dass aufwändige und arbeitsintensive Bewehrungsarbeiten eingespart werden können. Das Betonfertigteil kann hierdurch kostengünstiger gefertigt werden.In addition, it is advantageous if the concrete is a fiber concrete. In this case, the fibers added to the concrete can to a certain extent replace a conventional steel reinforcement, so that time-consuming and labor-intensive reinforcement work can be saved. The precast concrete part can be manufactured thereby cheaper.
Ebenso ist es vorteilhaft, wenn der Beton selbstverdichtend ist. Auch dies trägt dazu bei, Lunkerbildung an den Oberflächen des Betonfertigteiles zu vermeiden. Eine Entlüftung des Betons ist hierbei nicht mehr erforderlich.It is also advantageous if the concrete is self-compacting. This also helps to avoid voids on the surfaces of the precast concrete part. A venting of the concrete is no longer necessary.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es weiterhin, wenn die Oberfläche des Betonfertigteiles im Wesentlichen lunkerfrei ist. Dies kann insbesondere durch entsprechende Einstellung der Betonmischung u.a. nach oben beschriebenen Maßnahmen erreicht werden, wobei im Beton eventuell noch vorhandene Restluft im Inneren des Betonfertigteiles verbleibt und nicht an die Oberfläche steigt.It is furthermore particularly advantageous if the surface of the precast concrete element is substantially free of voids. This can be done in particular by appropriate adjustment of the concrete mix u.a. be achieved measures described above, which may remain in the concrete residual air in the interior of the precast concrete part and does not rise to the surface.
Vorteilhaft ist es weiterhin, wenn das Betonfertigteil eine geringe Dicke im Vergleich zu seiner flächigen Ausdehnung aufweist. Dieses ist in einer erfindungsgemäßen Schalung sowie mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Betonfertigteiles besonders günstig fertigbar.It is also advantageous if the precast concrete part has a small thickness compared to its areal extent. This is in an inventive Formwork and with a method according to the invention for producing a precast concrete part particularly favorable manufacturable.
Ebenfalls vorteilhaft ist es, wenn das Betonfertigteil einen Bewehrungskorb aufweist. Hierdurch lassen sich auch Betonfertigteile mit besonders hohen Festigkeitswerten herstellen.It is also advantageous if the precast concrete part has a reinforcement cage. In this way, it is also possible to produce precast concrete parts with particularly high strength values.
Weitere Vorteile der Erfindung werden anhand der nachfolgend dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele beschrieben. Es zeigen:
-
Figur 1 - eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Schalung, welche auf einem Fahrgestell angeordnet ist in einer Seitenansicht,
-
Figur 2 - eine schematische Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Schalung mit einem Fahrgestell in einer perspektivischen Ansicht,
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Figur 3 - eine Prinzipskizze einer erfindungsgemäßen Schalung mit Anordnung der erfindungsgemäßen Augleichseinrichtung zwischen der Schalung und einem Grundrahmen
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Figur 4 - eine Prinzipskizze einer erfindungsgemäßen Schalung mit Anordnung der erfindungsgemäßen Augleichseinrichtung zwischen dem Grundrahmen und dem Fahrgestell und
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Figur 5 - eine Prinzipskizze einer erfindungsgemäßen Schalung mit einer Einfüllöffnung am Boden der Schalung.
- FIG. 1
- a schematic representation of a formwork according to the invention, which is arranged on a chassis in a side view,
- FIG. 2
- a schematic representation of the formwork according to the invention with a chassis in a perspective view,
- FIG. 3
- a schematic diagram of a formwork according to the invention with arrangement of the invention equality device between the formwork and a base frame
- FIG. 4
- a schematic diagram of a formwork according to the invention with arrangement of the invention equalization device between the base frame and the chassis and
- FIG. 5
- a schematic diagram of a formwork according to the invention with a filling opening at the bottom of the formwork.
Typischerweise umfassen derartige Umlaufanlagen ca. acht Arbeitsstationen. Nach einem Reinigen der Schalung wird in einer weiteren Arbeitsstation die Bewehrung eingelegt. Nach dem Schließen der Schalung wird die Schalung in die Füllstation verfahren und der Beton wird eingefüllt. Anschließend erfolgt eine erste Nachbehandlung wie beispielsweise ein Glätten der Oberflächen, woraufhin die Schalung schließlich in eine weitere Station zum Aushärten verfahren wird. In der Aushärtestation kann das Betonfertigteil einer Wärmebehandlung unterzogen werden. Häufig ist hierzu ein dampfbeheizter Wärmebehandlungstunnel vorgesehen, wodurch der Produktionsprozess maßgeblich beschleunigt werden kann. Nach der Wärmebehandlung bzw. dem Aushärten können die Betonfertigteile in einer weiteren Station ausgeschalt und entnommen werden.Typically, such circulating systems comprise about eight workstations. After cleaning the formwork, the reinforcement is inserted in another workstation. After closing the formwork, the formwork is moved to the filling station and the concrete is filled. Subsequently, a first post-treatment, such as smoothing of the surfaces, whereupon the formwork is finally moved to another station for curing. In the curing station, the precast concrete part can be subjected to a heat treatment. Frequently, a steam-heated heat treatment tunnel is provided for this purpose, which can significantly accelerate the production process. After the heat treatment or curing, the precast concrete parts can be switched off and removed in another station.
Erfindungsgemäß ist nun vorgesehen, dass zwischen der Schalung 1 und dem Fahrgestell 2 eine Einrichtung zum Ausgleich von Unebenheiten der Fahrbahn angeordnet ist. Bei der Fertigung präziser Betonfertigteile, wie beispielsweise bei der Tübbingfertigung, sind sehr enge Toleranzen einzuhalten, welche im Bereich von 1/10 mm liegen. Bedingt durch das Verfahren der Schalung 1 auf einem Fahrgestell 2 besteht jedoch die Gefahr, dass es bei Unebenheiten der Fahrbahn zu Verwindungen der Schalform 1 kommen kann, so dass die vorgegebenen Toleranzen nicht eingehalten werden können. Die erfindungsgemäße Lagerung ist daher vorzugsweise als Drei-Punkt-Lagerung ausgebildet, welche derartige Verwindungen und Verformungen der Schalung 1 verhindert und eine stabile Lagerung der Schalung 1 ermöglicht.According to the invention it is now provided that between the
Insbesondere während der Fahrt zwischen der Füllstation und der Aushärtestation der Umlaufanlage sowie in der Aushärtestation ist es wichtig, dass die Schalung 1 verwindungsfrei gelagert ist, um die Einhaltung der Maßtoleranzen zu gewährleisten.In particular, during the journey between the filling station and the curing station of the circulation system and in the curing station, it is important that the
Wie in der Darstellung der
Anstelle der festen Anordnung der Schalung 1 auf dem Grundrahmen 6 ist es nach einer anderen Ausführung der Erfindung auch möglich, die Schalung 1 austauschbar an dem Grundrahmen 6 bzw. dem Fahrgestell 2 anzuordnen. Der Grundrahmen 6 kann beispielsweise durch eine Betonplatte gebildet sein, auf welcher die Schalung 1 aufgelagert ist. Hierdurch können verschiedenen Schalungen 1 auf dem Grundrahmen 6 montiert werden, so dass Bauteile mit verschiedenen Geometrien sowie verschiedenen Bauteile in einer Umlaufanlage gefertigt werden können. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es hierbei, dass durch die verwindungsfreie Lagerung auch herkömmliche Tübbingschalungen in einer Umlaufanlage verwendet werden können, ohne dass hierzu besondere Maßnahmen erforderlich wären. Das Austauschen der Schalungen 1 ist somit besonders einfach möglich. Das Fahrgestell 2 kann anstelle der erwähnten Betonplatte ebenso einen Stahlrahmen zur Auflagerung der Schalung 1 aufweisen. Der Grundrahmen 6 kann weiterhin auch einteilig mit dem Fahrgestell 2 ausgebildet sein.Instead of the fixed arrangement of the
Nach der in
Ebenso ist es jedoch möglich, die Ausgleichseinrichtung zwischen der Schalung 1 und dem Grundrahmen 6 anzuordnen. Eine derartige Ausgestaltung ist als Prinzipskizze in
Wie wiederum aus
Das Befüllen einer derartigen Schalung 1 erfolgt bei einem einteiligen Deckel 4 somit nicht wie im Stand der Technik üblich von oben, sondern von unten wie in
Die Einfüllöffnung 10 ist vorzugsweise im Bereich der tiefsten Stelle des Bodens 8 angeordnet. Es ist jedoch ebenso möglich, mehrere Einfüllöffnungen 10 vorzusehen oder diese an anderen Stellen des Bodens 8 anzuordnen. Bevorzugt ist jedoch nur eine Einfüllöffnung angeordnet, da diese den Umlauf der Schalungen 1 durch die Arbeitsstationen der Umlaufanlage nicht behindert. Die Einfüllöffnung 10 verfügt hierbei über eine Zuführöffnung 11 für den einzupumpenden Beton sowie über ein Verschlussventil 12. Nach dem Einfüllen des Pumpbetons kann die Einfüllöffnung 10 mittels des Verschlussventils 12 verschlossen werden, wobei der Anguss des Betons entfernt wird.The filling
Weiterhin ist es auch möglich, die Schalung 1 vor dem Befüllen zu entlüften. Aufgrund des Befüllens von unten sowie der angeordneten Entlüftungsöffnungen ist dies jedoch nicht unbedingt erforderlich. Daneben ist es ebenfalls möglich, anstelle eines einteiligen Deckels 4 einen zweiteiligen oder mehrteiligen Deckel vorzusehen. In diesem Fall ist auch ein Befüllen von oben möglich. Im Falle einer mehrteiligen Ausgestaltung eines Deckels 4 ist jedoch darauf zu achten, dass die Teile des Deckels 4 bei geschlossener Schalung gegen eine Verwindung gesichert sind, um die Einhaltung der engen Toleranzen zu gewährleisten. Der Deckel 4 ist vorzugsweise aus einem Stahlblech oder einem beschichteten Blech gefertigt, um ein Lösen beim Ausschalen zu erleichtern.Furthermore, it is also possible to vent the
Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, einen Beton mit einer hohen und raschen Anfangsfestigkeitsentwicklung zu verwenden, um die Einhaltung der Toleranzen zu gewährleisten. Ebenso ist bei der Auswahl der Betonrezeptur bei der Herstellung präziser Betonfertigteile darauf zu achten, dass eine Lunkerbildung insbesondere an den Oberflächen des Betonfertigteiles vermieden wird. Diese setzt nicht nur die Betondeckung über den Bewehrungen herab, sondern führt auch zu Problemen beim Einbau der Tübbinge. Um die hohe und rasche Anfangsfestigkeitsentwicklung zu erreichen, können dem Beton beispielsweise Zuschlagstoffe zugesetzt werden. Ebenso sollte der Beton ein geringes Schwindverhalten aufweisen, um die geforderten Maßtoleranzen auch noch nach dem Ausschalen sowie der Lagerung der Betonfertigteile zu gewährleisten.Furthermore, it is advantageous to use a concrete with a high and rapid initial strength development in order to ensure compliance with the tolerances. Likewise, when selecting the concrete formulation in the production of precise precast concrete parts, care must be taken that voids formation, in particular on the surfaces of the precast concrete part, is avoided. This not only reduces the concrete cover over the reinforcements, but also leads to problems with the installation of the segments. In order to achieve the high and rapid development of the initial strength, it is possible, for example, to add additives to the concrete. Likewise, the concrete should have a low shrinkage behavior to ensure the required dimensional tolerances even after stripping and storage of precast concrete parts.
Wird zudem ein Beton mit einer hohen Betondruckfestigkeit verwendet, ist es beispielsweise bei einem Tübbing möglich, die Tübbingstärke um ca. 25% zu reduzieren. Weiterhin ist es günstig, einen selbstverdichtenden Beton zu verwenden. Ein Entlüften des Betons ist hierdurch nicht mehr erforderlich, so dass auch hierdurch die Lunkerbildung an den Oberflächen des Betonfertigteiles vermieden werden kann. Durch eine entsprechende Abstimmung der Betonrezeptur kann hierbei weiterhin erreicht werden, dass im Beton eventuell enthaltene Restluft nicht an die Oberfläche steigt, sondern im Inneren des Betonfertigteils verbleibt, so dass auch hierdurch eine weitgehend lunkerfreie Oberfläche erreicht werden kann.If, in addition, a concrete with a high concrete compressive strength is used, it is possible, for example with a tubbing, to reduce the segment thickness by about 25%. Furthermore, it is favorable to use a self-compacting concrete. A venting of the concrete is thereby no longer necessary, so that thereby the voids formation on the surfaces of the precast concrete part can be avoided. By an appropriate vote of the concrete recipe can hereby be further achieved that in concrete eventually contained residual air does not rise to the surface, but remains in the interior of the precast concrete part, so that this also a largely void-free surface can be achieved.
Für eine günstige Betonrezeptur kann es weiterhin vorteilhaft sein, wenn der Beton ein Faserbeton ist. Hierbei können dem Beton je nach Verwendungszweck Stahlfasern oder auch Kunststofffasern zugesetzt werden. Ebenso ist es jedoch auch möglich, dass der Beton eine Bewehrung, im Falle von Tübbingen in Form eines Bewehrungskorbes, aufweist. Hierbei kann es vorteilhaft sein, zumindest einen Teil der Stahlbewehrung durch eine Beimengung von Fasern zu ersetzen. Auch hierdurch ist es möglich, die Festigkeiten des Betons zu erhöhen und hierdurch die Stärke des Betonfertigteiles zu verringern. Die Faserzugabe kann sowohl eine statische wie auch eine konstruktive Bewehrung teilweise ersetzen. Die Verarbeitbarkeit und insbesondere die Pumpfähigkeit des Betons müssen hierbei jedoch gewährleistet sein.For a favorable concrete formulation, it may also be advantageous if the concrete is a fiber concrete. Depending on the intended use, steel fibers or plastic fibers can be added to the concrete. However, it is also possible that the concrete has a reinforcement, in the case of Tubbingen in the form of a reinforcement cage. It may be advantageous to replace at least a portion of the steel reinforcement by an admixture of fibers. This also makes it possible to increase the strength of the concrete and thereby reduce the strength of the precast concrete part. The fiber addition can partially replace both a static and a constructive reinforcement. However, the processability and especially the pumpability of the concrete must be ensured here.
Durch eine Kombination dieser Maßnahmen sowie die verwindungsfreie Lagerung kann ein Betonfertigteil erhalten werden, welches auch bei engen Toleranzvorgaben maßhaltig ist, so dass kosten- und zeitintensive Nachbearbeitungen wie ein Glätten der Oberflächen weitgehend vermieden werden können. Ebenso kann durch die Auswahl einer geeigneten Betonmischung in Verbindung mit der erfindungsgemäßen Schalung eine lunkerfreie Oberfläche der Betonfertigteile ohne Rütteln erreicht werden. Das bedeutet insbesondere bei der Tübbingfertigung nicht nur einen verminderten Energieeinsatz, sondern auch eine erhebliche Verringerung der Lärmemissionen.By a combination of these measures as well as torsion-free storage, a precast concrete part can be obtained which is dimensionally stable even with tight tolerance specifications, so that costly and time-consuming reworking such as smoothing of the surfaces can be largely avoided. Likewise, by selecting a suitable concrete mixture in conjunction with the formwork according to the invention a void-free surface of the precast concrete parts can be achieved without shaking. This means, especially in the tubbing production, not only a reduced energy input, but also a significant reduction in noise emissions.
Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt. Abwandlungen und Kombinationen im Rahmen der Patentansprüche fallen ebenfalls unter die Erfindung.The invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments. Variations and combinations within the scope of the claims also fall under the invention.
Claims (20)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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DE102007047826A DE102007047826A1 (en) | 2007-11-20 | 2007-11-20 | Formwork and process for the production of precast concrete components and precast concrete |
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EP2063070A2 true EP2063070A2 (en) | 2009-05-27 |
EP2063070A3 EP2063070A3 (en) | 2011-03-09 |
EP2063070B1 EP2063070B1 (en) | 2012-08-01 |
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EP08169483A Not-in-force EP2063070B1 (en) | 2007-11-20 | 2008-11-20 | Formwork and method for manufacturing precise concrete parts |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP2128383A1 (en) | 2008-05-26 | 2009-12-02 | Rekers Betonwerk GmbH & Co. KG | Tubing formwork |
WO2011027050A1 (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2011-03-10 | Vinci Construction Grands Projets | Equipment and method for manufacturing self-compacting concrete arch stones for a tunnel |
CN102022122A (en) * | 2010-11-03 | 2011-04-20 | 吕国定 | Support-type comprehensive tunneler |
Families Citing this family (2)
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DE102010011329A1 (en) * | 2010-03-13 | 2011-09-15 | Rothmund Maschinenbau Gmbh | Method for manufacturing concrete supporting elements with predetermined surface structure, involves filling two-piece cavity mold with liquid concrete, where cavity mold is arranged inclined in angle between horizontals and verticals |
EP2987595B1 (en) | 2014-08-23 | 2019-02-27 | HALFEN GmbH | Arrangement for producing finished concrete components with at least one anchor bar embedded in the concrete component and method for the production of such pre-cast concrete parts |
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DE10133607C5 (en) * | 2001-02-14 | 2010-08-19 | Max Bögl Bauunternehmung GmbH & Co. KG | Method and pallet for producing a precise precast concrete part |
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2007
- 2007-11-20 DE DE102007047826A patent/DE102007047826A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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2008
- 2008-11-20 EP EP08169483A patent/EP2063070B1/en not_active Not-in-force
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US2486801A (en) * | 1946-05-20 | 1949-11-01 | Blaw Knox Co | Carrier for tunnel forms |
FR1598355A (en) * | 1967-12-06 | 1970-07-06 | ||
GB2127343A (en) * | 1982-09-03 | 1984-04-11 | Myrayarn Limited | Improvements in or relating to methods of casting concrete articles |
DE4218710C1 (en) * | 1992-06-06 | 1993-11-18 | Hochtief Ag Hoch Tiefbauten | Tubbing-production equipment for tunnel-lining - uses fully-enclosed shell mould with two unions in bottom for concrete pumped from mixer |
JPH07329028A (en) * | 1994-06-10 | 1995-12-19 | Kajima Corp | Method and apparatus for producing synthetic segment |
DE19841047C1 (en) * | 1998-09-09 | 2000-01-13 | Hochtief Ag Hoch Tiefbauten | Method of forming tunnel covering |
EP1243752A1 (en) * | 2001-03-23 | 2002-09-25 | Hochtief Aktiengesellschaft | Tubing segment for a tunnel lining, in particular a high performance tubing element |
EP2128383A1 (en) * | 2008-05-26 | 2009-12-02 | Rekers Betonwerk GmbH & Co. KG | Tubing formwork |
EP2128382A1 (en) * | 2008-05-26 | 2009-12-02 | Rekers Betonwerk GmbH & Co. KG | Tubing formwork |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2128383A1 (en) | 2008-05-26 | 2009-12-02 | Rekers Betonwerk GmbH & Co. KG | Tubing formwork |
WO2011027050A1 (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2011-03-10 | Vinci Construction Grands Projets | Equipment and method for manufacturing self-compacting concrete arch stones for a tunnel |
FR2949702A1 (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2011-03-11 | Vinci Construction Grands Projets | EQUIPMENT AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING TUNNEL TAPES IN SELF - LACTING CONCRETE. |
CN102022122A (en) * | 2010-11-03 | 2011-04-20 | 吕国定 | Support-type comprehensive tunneler |
CN102022122B (en) * | 2010-11-03 | 2013-02-13 | 大同煤矿集团衡安装备有限公司 | Support-type comprehensive tunneler |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2063070A3 (en) | 2011-03-09 |
EP2063070B1 (en) | 2012-08-01 |
DE102007047826A1 (en) | 2009-05-28 |
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