EP2063049A1 - Underground dwelling - Google Patents

Underground dwelling Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2063049A1
EP2063049A1 EP07822922A EP07822922A EP2063049A1 EP 2063049 A1 EP2063049 A1 EP 2063049A1 EP 07822922 A EP07822922 A EP 07822922A EP 07822922 A EP07822922 A EP 07822922A EP 2063049 A1 EP2063049 A1 EP 2063049A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dwelling
panels
modules
underground
underground dwelling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07822922A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Antonio Martinez Navarrete
Rafael Martinez Navarrete
Maximino Martinez Navarrete
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Biovivienda SL
Original Assignee
Biovivienda SL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Biovivienda SL filed Critical Biovivienda SL
Publication of EP2063049A1 publication Critical patent/EP2063049A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/04—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against air-raid or other war-like actions
    • E04H9/10—Independent shelters; Arrangement of independent splinter-proof walls
    • E04H9/12—Independent shelters; Arrangement of independent splinter-proof walls entirely underneath the level of the ground, e.g. air-raid galleries

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to an underground dwelling that has been specially conceived to have the characteristics of a natural cave, but having the advantage of being of a modular nature and therefore being susceptible to industrialization, something that had not been possible up to now.
  • the object of the invention is to provide the market and the public in general with the possibility of acquiring an underground dwelling that is assembled modularly or prefabricated and that is mostly covered by the earth of the site where it has been installed, as if it was a natural cave.
  • Artificial caves such as the one described in the Spanish Utility Model N° 248,970, based on a metal framework or an otherwise rigid framework having the appropriate shape, on which it is applied a layer of the material obtained by mixing a fibrous material (paper, cloth, fabric, asbestos or wild cotton) with a setting or thermosetting product (glue, plaster, gypsum, mud, thermosetting plastic) and obtaining with this mix a hollow body, irregularly shaped, open at the frontal part and having excrescences and recesses that simulate the appearance of rock, and even the appearance of stalactites and stalagmites, all of it configuring a body that simulates an artificial cave.
  • a fibrous material paper, cloth, fabric, asbestos or wild cotton
  • a setting or thermosetting product glue, plaster, gypsum, mud, thermosetting plastic
  • Said type of cave although designed to be materialized in several shapes has mostly an ornamental function, and has never been intended or designed to be used as a dwelling.
  • the underground dwelling object of the invention can be considered as a cave dwelling, but obtained by assembling three dimensional modules that may be part or the whole of the dwelling, endowing it with its eminently industrializable nature.
  • a terrain having certain degree of elevation is excavated creating a cavity or hollow, and on this cavity the three dimensional module, preferably cast in concrete, is placed.
  • Said module having, at least, an opening that will serve as access to the inside, and this prefabricated module may also have openings for windows and holes as chimney flues, air vents, light wells, etc., all of it assuming the module will constitute in itself the entire dwelling, since the dwelling can be configured by several joined or assembled modules that will be preferably configured by complementary tongue and groove elements built in the design of the attachable walls, since the modules can be assembled laterally to each other, or even stacked on top of each other to form a two rooms dwelling, or also configure a set of different dwellings by placing and coupling the necessary modules once the terrain has been excavated.
  • one or more modules will be fitted with the aforementioned openings to serve as chimneys, vents, etc., and will be also fitted with the appropriate access opening that can also serve as means of communication between the several modules when a dwelling has two or more modules.
  • the module or modules of the dwelling or dwellings will be covered, except for the wall that has the access and windows openings, by a thick layer of earth, which favors thermal conditions both in summer and winter.
  • modules may be formed by conveniently matching panels to form the walls and the ceiling.
  • underground dwellings type caves may be obtained by industrialization processes, since they are made of prefabricated models that are placed in a cave or excavated hollow in a terrain having the appropriate orography to allow the module or modules to be covered with the layer of natural earth fill obtained as a by product of the excavation process.
  • modules may be preferably made out of concrete, any other appropriate material is not ruled out, such as sandwich type panels made of insulating and even fireproof materials, polyurethane, etc.
  • the frontal or facade panel of the dwelling regardless if said dwelling one or several modules, may be taller than the remaining panels, said bigger frontal height acting as a barrier for possible land sliding events and preventing that the earth load fall on said facade or anterior part of the dwelling.
  • the dwelling may incorporate a couple of apses on the sides that are part of the dwelling unit and act as enlargement of the main space, and also contributing to lend a larger plane to the whole to decrease the effects that erosion may have on the unit.
  • the side panels may be joined by groove and tongue panels, by welding, by fitting between the edges of the panels to be thus joined, by anchoring one panel on the other, etc., with or without complementary elements used to secure the anchoring such as screws, bolts, rivets and similar elements, while to secure the panels used for the overhead closure tongue and groove plates having known anchoring means such as those described immediately above, screws, bolts, rivets, etc., are used.
  • Affixing the module or modules to the terrain may be done by solid concrete piers or footing elements conveniently deployed on the terrain, which upper sides will be fitted with metal plates to which other complementary metal plates will be welded facing the lower plates so the lower side of the panel or panels that constitute the base of the module or modules will be facing said complementary metal plates.
  • joints formed by the joined panels will be complemented with a putty fill or with another product or material that prevents the passage of particles, insects, humidity, etc., that is, a fill material that provides insulation and water-tightness to the indoor space formed by the joined modules.
  • the underground dwelling object of the Invention constitutes what can be considered as a cave dwelling. Inside which several different uses and applications can be considered, using multiple materials, sizes and appearances, with the door, windows and other appropriate necessary accessory elements that are needed and that can be manufactured without limitation to the extent of their surface area, can be produced in several heights with the structure plans adapting it to each dwelling.
  • the underground dwelling that constitutes a sort of cave dwelling offers also high quality characteristics, it is environmentally sound and of craftsmanship quality, is produced at a low cost and is extremely simple.
  • a three dimensional module 1 can be observed, preferably cast in concrete, that can constitute a dwelling in itself, said module includes an access opening 2 leading inside the module and therefore inside the dwelling, as well as one or more holes placed in the upper regions superiorly to said opening to function as vertical ducts 3 that may be used as chimneys 4, vents with natural light inlets 5, etc., in such a manner that module 1 is implanted in an excavated site dug to that effect on terrain 6 having one or several walls or lateral sides with complementary coupling elements 7 and 7' that are correspondingly male and female to couple adjacent modules, coupling that may be tongue and groove by virtue of this male-female configuration of said coupling means 7 and 7'.
  • the dwelling obtained based on the three dimensional module 1 may have several rooms or spaces, that are formed by collaterally joining several modules 1 or even assembling them vertically, that is, at different heights.
  • Figure 2 shows such an example of modular assembly formed, specifically by four similar modules 1 arranged in an arc or arranged in a segmented line pattern by intersecting triangular modules 1' to form said broken or arched configuration, forming what can be considered as a several rooms dwelling, or several attached dwellings collaterally joined together through the complementary coupling means 7 - 7' fitted to the side walls of said spaces, that is, the side walls of modules 1 and 1'.
  • modules 1 and if appropriate modules 1' will be prefabricated modules, preferably made of concrete, although other appropriate materials are not ruled out, that configure an underground dwelling type cave since the module or modules are covered with the natural earth fill resulting from the excavation of the terrain 6 required to open the space to install the underground dwelling type cave.
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective of the setting of several modules 1 located in an excavated hollow or hollows on terrain 6, according to special configurations of said modules 1.
  • One of the modules in the figure shows an access door 8 that will be installed in the corresponding opening 2 of module 1, and having also windows 9 planned in the design of the corresponding prefabricated module 1, this figure 3 also showing chimneys 4 corresponding to ducts 3 shown in figure 1 and vents or light wells 5 established in said ducts 3, all of it designed and sited in such a manner that when the modules are attached together, as shown in figure 2 , or even in figure 3 , if it is a single dwelling, they will be closed or will only be fitted with opening 2 to hang the corresponding access door 8, while if the modules are intended to configure one or several spaces of the same dwelling, these modules will have openings to communicate said spaces of the same dwelling.
  • Figure 4 shows an underground dwelling obtained according to the information described above, including a facade 10, an overhead enclosure 11 and a coating 12 that maybe the earth fill resulting from the excavation of site 6 shown in figure 3 , and the facade 10 having the appropriate opening 13 to fit the main access door to the inside of the dwelling, as well as openings 9' to fit the windows.
  • the panels configuring facade 10 are taller than the remaining panels, that is, they stick out above the overhead enclosure 11 to form a barrier preventing potential landslides or earth movements from accessing the facade or the anterior part of the dwelling.
  • figure 5 shows how panels 15 and 15' include a double zigzag shaped staggered edge 16 that determines a means of coupling or joining together said panels.
  • figure 6 shows how said panels 15 and 15' are joined by housing the upper edge of panel 15 in a groove 17 established in panel 15', said joint or coupling being made secure by anchoring elements 18 such as screws, bolts or similar.
  • Figure 7 shows how panels 15 and 15' are secured by welding 19, while in figure 8 said joining is shown to be done by anchoring elements 20 that are through elements, for instance going through panel 15' and being affixed to panel 15 or vice versa.
  • the joining means of ceiling panels 21 and 21' can be done by tongue and groove elements 22 complemented by anchoring elements 23 similar to anchoring elements 10 mentioned above, and provided at the joining plane of side panels shown in figure 6 .
  • the joining means of the base or floor panel 24 to the terrain 25 is done by metal plates 26 fitted to the upper surface of a pier 27 placed to that effect on terrain 25, while the lower side of the base or floor panel 24 of the module is fitted with other metal parts 26' complementary to parts 26 and placed so they faced each other so they can be welded together to achieve the joint, and in this manner the module is perfectly secured by its base to the piers 27 placed on the terrain 25.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Residential Or Office Buildings (AREA)
  • Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
EP07822922A 2006-09-13 2007-09-13 Underground dwelling Withdrawn EP2063049A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200602324A ES2301383B1 (es) 2006-09-13 2006-09-13 Vivienda subterranea.
ES200700772A ES2310472B1 (es) 2006-09-13 2007-03-23 Mejoras introducidas en la patente de invencion n p 200602324, por: vivienda subterranea.
PCT/ES2007/000515 WO2008031907A1 (es) 2006-09-13 2007-09-13 Vivienda subterránea

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2063049A1 true EP2063049A1 (en) 2009-05-27

Family

ID=39469709

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07822922A Withdrawn EP2063049A1 (en) 2006-09-13 2007-09-13 Underground dwelling

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US20110131897A1 (es)
EP (1) EP2063049A1 (es)
JP (1) JP2010503782A (es)
CN (1) CN101535581A (es)
AR (1) AR062780A1 (es)
BR (1) BRPI0716894A2 (es)
CA (1) CA2663491A1 (es)
EA (1) EA200900386A1 (es)
ES (2) ES2301383B1 (es)
MA (1) MA30770B1 (es)
MX (1) MX2009002744A (es)
WO (1) WO2008031907A1 (es)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2396519A1 (es) * 2012-09-05 2013-02-22 Jaime VEGA-HAZAS REBOLLO Edificación prefabricada semienterrada energéticamente sostenible

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8683759B2 (en) * 2010-01-20 2014-04-01 Lane Lythgoe Pre-cast polygonal shelter
US9795777B2 (en) * 2011-12-07 2017-10-24 Becton, Dickinson And Company Infusion device with releasable fluid connector
RU174314U1 (ru) * 2017-04-03 2017-10-11 Юрий Вячеславович Орельский Подземный модуль
CN107905806B (zh) * 2017-11-15 2023-08-29 长安大学 一种用于提升窑洞宜居性能的装置及其安装方法

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US3996714A (en) * 1975-08-11 1976-12-14 Hazelett Jr Earl T Panel wall structure
JPS5419047Y2 (es) * 1975-11-06 1979-07-16
JPS6040678Y2 (ja) * 1977-02-25 1985-12-09 ナショナル住宅産業株式会社 地下室組立ブロツク
US4290246A (en) * 1978-11-22 1981-09-22 Hilsey Arthur F Multi-purpose precast concrete panels, and methods of constructing concrete structures employing the same
IT1212378B (it) * 1979-02-05 1989-11-22 Guardiani Eustachio Costruzioni prefabbricate conpannelli-base, vani-casa, vani-scale, tetto-casa, travi e solai
US4336674A (en) * 1979-08-24 1982-06-29 Weber Raymond C Underground structure for residential and business use
US4297817A (en) * 1980-03-04 1981-11-03 Ralph Bullock Earthen-covered structure and panel used therein
US4359845A (en) * 1980-03-12 1982-11-23 Harrison Bill L Moisture barrier system for earth-sheltered housing
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US4590721A (en) * 1982-12-16 1986-05-27 Berg Jeremy R Wood panel earth shelter construction
DE3403005C1 (de) * 1984-01-28 1985-06-20 Rudolf Dipl.-Ing. 6140 Bensheim Zipser Schutzraum in unterirdischer Bauweise
JPS60129446U (ja) * 1984-02-07 1985-08-30 本田　昌夫 コンクリ−トパネル体
US4955166A (en) * 1988-11-15 1990-09-11 Qualline Steve M Tornado underground shelter
US5317848A (en) * 1989-04-28 1994-06-07 Abbey Jay E Modular, precast corner panels
PH31226A (en) * 1993-08-19 1998-05-12 Blazley Design Pty Ltd Explosion resistant building structures.
ES1030615Y (es) * 1995-04-03 1996-05-01 Gonzalez Andres Garcia Modulo prefabricado para construccion de viviendas
JPH1046682A (ja) * 1996-08-05 1998-02-17 Takeshige Shimonohara 部材の接合方法及び接合構造
JP3273775B1 (ja) * 2001-02-21 2002-04-15 山田 普 プレキャストコンクリート製地下室ユニットの連結方法
JP2006124973A (ja) * 2004-10-27 2006-05-18 Sumitomo Kinzoku Kozan Siporex Kk パネル取付金具およびパネル取付け用下地金具の取付け方法

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2396519A1 (es) * 2012-09-05 2013-02-22 Jaime VEGA-HAZAS REBOLLO Edificación prefabricada semienterrada energéticamente sostenible

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2663491A1 (en) 2008-03-20
WO2008031907A1 (es) 2008-03-20
CN101535581A (zh) 2009-09-16
WO2008031907A8 (es) 2009-02-19
ES2301383B1 (es) 2009-04-01
EA200900386A1 (ru) 2009-08-28
BRPI0716894A2 (pt) 2013-10-22
JP2010503782A (ja) 2010-02-04
MA30770B1 (fr) 2009-10-01
ES2310472A1 (es) 2009-01-01
US20110131897A1 (en) 2011-06-09
ES2310472B1 (es) 2009-11-10
AR062780A1 (es) 2008-12-03
MX2009002744A (es) 2009-03-26
ES2301383A1 (es) 2008-06-16

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