EP2049288A2 - Fondant et procédé pour réduire des couches d'oxyde sur des surfaces métalliques - Google Patents

Fondant et procédé pour réduire des couches d'oxyde sur des surfaces métalliques

Info

Publication number
EP2049288A2
EP2049288A2 EP07725551A EP07725551A EP2049288A2 EP 2049288 A2 EP2049288 A2 EP 2049288A2 EP 07725551 A EP07725551 A EP 07725551A EP 07725551 A EP07725551 A EP 07725551A EP 2049288 A2 EP2049288 A2 EP 2049288A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flux
aluminum
metallic
fluoride
based alloy
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07725551A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Manfred Laudenklos
Joachim Bohrt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gelita AG
KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH
KS Huayu Alutech GmbH
Original Assignee
Gelita AG
KS Aluminium Technologie GmbH
KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gelita AG, KS Aluminium Technologie GmbH, KS Kolbenschmidt GmbH filed Critical Gelita AG
Publication of EP2049288A2 publication Critical patent/EP2049288A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
    • B23K35/3601—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents
    • B23K35/3603—Halide salts
    • B23K35/3605—Fluorides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/0081—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product pretreatment of the insert, e.g. for enhancing the bonding between insert and surrounding cast metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/08—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for building-up linings or coverings, e.g. of anti-frictional metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/16—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
    • B23K35/362—Selection of compositions of fluxes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
    • B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a flux for applying and for reducing oxide layers on a metallic surface consisting at least of potassium fluoride, sodium fluoride and water. Moreover, the invention relates to a casting process for the production of metallic components, from at least two different materials, of which one material is an iron-based alloy and the other is an aluminum-based alloy, with the process steps:
  • the invention relates to a method in which a liquid light metal alloy is skimmed out of an open mold and filled into a casting mold. Another part of the invention relates to a method for cohesive joining of metallic components, and finally the invention relates to a method for reducing oxide layers on solid or liquid metallic surfaces.
  • oxide layers are partially desirable, such as aluminum sheets, but in part, the oxide layers have a detrimental effect on the manufacturing process. If, for example, as is customary when casting in low-pressure casting of aluminum pistons, worked with liquid aluminum alloys, so it forms directly on the surface of the liquid aluminum alloy in the mold, an oxide skin, which in turn adversely affects the casting quality of the castings.
  • the oxide layers of aluminum have a very high melting point, of about 2,000 0 C, whereas conventional aluminum alloys have a melting point, which is usually far below 1000 0 C, in particular below 800 0 C.
  • the encapsulation material can thus not break the oxide layer, which leads to increased binding errors.
  • flux is applied to the body before casting.
  • a method for producing a composite casting of an aluminum alloy and a wear-resistant material forming an inner layer is described in DE 2 344 899.
  • the method is characterized in that the core to be coated is immersed in an aluminum melt immediately prior to casting in order to form a diffusion layer of the aluminum and the wear-resistant material.
  • This method has become known as the so-called Alfin method.
  • release agents is also described herein. It is described that for better release of the core after the casting process, it is appropriate to coat the core with a release agent prior to coating with the wear-resistant material.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an agent with a chemical composition with a high potential difference, which allows a reduction of oxide layers in a manner not known and beyond a metallurgical connection between a casting workpiece and a Umgussmaterial significantly improved.
  • the object is to provide a method in which it is possible to dispense with removing oxide layers in crucibles.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by providing a flux consisting of proportions of zirconium fluoride and / or lithium fluoride and a reactant of proportions of salts based on zirconium and / or lithium and / or potassium and / or sodium and / or bismuth and / or boron and water is formed.
  • a flux consisting of proportions of zirconium fluoride and / or lithium fluoride and a reactant of proportions of salts based on zirconium and / or lithium and / or potassium and / or sodium and / or bismuth and / or boron and water is formed.
  • the object according to the invention is achieved in that in conventional methods the improved flux is applied directly to the workpieces and / or the flux is applied directly to the surface of the aluminum melt.
  • the inventive composition of the flux the possibility is now created to completely or almost completely remove the forming oxide layer and to provide permanent protection for the formation of new oxide layers.
  • a flux which additionally contains gelatin.
  • the flux additionally contains proportions of zirconium fluoride and / or lithium fluoride, sodium silicon fluoride and / or potassium cryolite and / or potassium aluminum fluoride (KaAIF 4 ) and amounts of salts based on zirconium and / or lithium and / or Potassium and / or sodium and / or bismuth and / or boron and / or titanium and water is formed.
  • the present in the liquid or granular state mixture of flux which is in particular a fluorine-based flux
  • reactants such as zirconium and bismuth or lithium and bismuth or zirconium, titanium and bismuth
  • the gelatin is here in particular for the reduction of aluminum oxides, such as Al 2 O 3 , used.
  • the flux known as "NOCOLOK” can be used as flux
  • the flux NOCOLOK is manufactured and marketed by the company Solvay, and a particular advantage arises when gelatine is added to the flux sold under the trade name "Gelita" of the gelatin group.
  • the use of this gelatin in combination with the flux and the reactant makes it possible, in particular but not exclusively, to reduce oxide layers on light metal alloys, preferably aluminum.
  • the reactant in the flux is formed from proportions of zirconium fluoride and / or lithium fluoride and proportions of salts based on zirconium and / or lithium and / or potassium and / or sodium and / or bismuth and / or boron and / or titanium and water.
  • the proportion of zirconium is between 5 wt .-% to 20 wt .-%, the proportion of lithium between 8 wt .-% and 25 wt .-% and the proportion of potassium between 2 wt .-% and 10 wt.
  • the gelatin additionally added to the flux is formed predominantly of calcium and / or magnesium and organic and inorganic constituents which make a coordinated contribution to the potential equalization during dispersion and to the acceleration of the reaction.
  • the gelatin content is between 0.5% by weight and 5% by weight in the flux.
  • the main constituents of the gelatin are calcium with proportions 3,950 mg per kg and magnesium 1,500 mg per kg.
  • the invention relates to the use of the flux in a casting process, in which components are formed of different materials.
  • a problem with such methods is that the different materials have different specific properties that adversely affect the casting process. If, for example, a body consisting of an iron-based alloy is encapsulated with a light-alloy, such as aluminum, it is during casting, due to the different melting temperatures, to areas between the different materials that are not metallurgically connected, rather The body of the light alloy alloy surrounded and held there only mechanically in position.
  • a method for better metallurgical bonding of the iron-based body to the aluminum melt surrounding it is the known Alfin process. For better connection of the encapsulation to the body, the body is immersed in an aluminum melt and immediately inserted into the mold.
  • the invention will be explained in relation to the use of the flux in a casting process, hereinafter in an embodiment. It shows:
  • Figure 1 Two coated with an aluminum layer ring carrier for a
  • FIG. 1 shows, on the left side, a ring carrier 1 formed of an iron-based alloy and coated with an aluminum layer 2 by means of the Alfin process.
  • the ring carrier has in addition, for mechanical clamping in the Umgussmaterial, circumferential grooves 3, which additionally fix the ring carrier 1 in Umgusstechnikstoff.
  • the ring carrier 1 shown in Figure 1 was immersed in an aluminum melt whose surface was provided with a conventional flux, in this case NOCOLOC.
  • NOCOLOC a conventional flux
  • the aim of this experiment was to reduce the oxides on the surface of the molten aluminum, so that the ring carrier could be coated circumferentially and over the entire surface.
  • the application of the agent with the trade name NOCOLOC and the gelatin markedly reduced the dross forming on the aluminum melt, so that only in a few areas 4 did the aluminum layer 2 on the ring carrier 1 become less adherent.
  • the application of the flux according to the invention to the molten aluminum significantly reduces the oxide layer forming on the liquid molten bath, so that a significantly improved result with respect to the alfine layer 2 on the ring carrier 1 can be formed.
  • the ring carrier 5 on the right side of FIG. 1 was alfined in a molten bath charged with a flux consisting of the conventional flux NOCOLOC 1, a reactant and gelatin.
  • a flux consisting of the conventional flux NOCOLOC 1, a reactant and gelatin.
  • the oxides forming on the metallic layer 2, 6 can likewise be reduced again, so that a metallurgical bond occurs between the metallic layer 2, 6 and the encapsulation material.
  • a casting material usually aluminum alloys and preferably aluminum silicon alloys are used. It goes without saying that this is merely an exemplary embodiment; the casting-technical method is, of course, also applicable to other components, such as cylinder liners, crankshaft bearings in cylinder crankcases. The inventive method is particularly applicable where a metallurgical bond between different materials to be achieved.
  • the flux according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is for this purpose in the liquid or in the granular state to the aluminum melt, e.g. AISi9, AISi12, AI 99.5, applied directly and on the order of 10 to 100 g per square centimeter.
  • the oxide layer is immediately reduced and forms a permanent oxide-free surface on the free surface of the mold of the molten aluminum alloy material.
  • a further field of use of the flux according to the invention is the use in a method for producing a cast body, in which a liquid light alloy from an open mold is skimmed off and filled into a casting mold.
  • the processes known from the prior art show solutions gene, which show a manual or automatic removal of the oxide layers or dross on the liquid surfaces of the aluminum alloys.
  • a disadvantage of such processes is that, on the one hand, the aluminum oxide layers can never be completely removed and, on the other hand, the aluminum oxide layers reform within a very short time, that is to say within fractions of a second.
  • the use of the flux according to the invention in a method for producing a cast body in which a flux according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is applied to the surface of the light alloy prior to skimming the light metal alloy, can completely dispense with a removal of the oxide layer become.
  • the flux reduces or dissolves the oxide layer on the light metal alloy, so that the ladle immersed in an oxide-free surface and also can scoop off oxide-free aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • the flux is applied directly to the open surface of the liquid molten metal mold in an amount of 10 to 100 g, preferably 20 g per square centimeter, the surface having a diameter of about 40 cm.
  • the oxides on the surface of the molten metal are completely reduced, so that the liquid aluminum alloy metal without oxide layers is available for processing.
  • the flux according to the invention can be used in methods for the material-locking connection of metallic components.
  • material bonds such as welding
  • oxides on the surfaces of the materials are a hindrance, since the oxides can get into the molten bath or the joining surface, and thus cause errors in the weld.
  • the use of a flux according to any one of claims 1 to 4 reduces the oxide layers on iron-based alloys such as on aluminum-based alloys, in such a way that the joining surfaces are deoxidized sustainable.
  • the flux can be used to reduce oxide layers on metallic, iron-containing or aluminum-based surfaces formed from an aluminum-based base.
  • the flux according to the invention can thus not only be used on molten aluminum alloys, but also be used on solid metallic surfaces which form oxide layers on their surfaces.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un fondant destiné à être appliqué sur une surface métallique solide ou en fusion et servant à réduire des couches d'oxyde sur ladite surface, lequel fondant est au moins composé de potassium, de fluor et de certaines proportions d'eau. Selon l'invention, le fondant est réalisé à partir d'un réactif constitué de certaines proportions de fluorure de zirconium et/ou de fluorure de lithium et/ou de silicofluorure de sodium et/ou de cryolithe de potassium et/ou d'aluminofluorure de potassium (KaAIF4) et de certaines proportions de sels à base de zircon et/ou de lithium et/ou de potassium et/ou de sodium et/ou de bismuth et/ou de bore et/ou de titane. L'invention concerne également un procédé de coulée d'alliages à base d'aluminium et l'utilisation du fondant selon l'invention pour réduire des couches d'oxyde sur des alliages à base d'aluminium en fusion.
EP07725551A 2006-07-28 2007-05-25 Fondant et procédé pour réduire des couches d'oxyde sur des surfaces métalliques Withdrawn EP2049288A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006035748 2006-07-28
PCT/EP2007/004655 WO2008011933A2 (fr) 2006-07-28 2007-05-25 Fondant et procédé pour réduire des couches d'oxyde sur des surfaces métalliques

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2049288A2 true EP2049288A2 (fr) 2009-04-22

Family

ID=38529767

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07725551A Withdrawn EP2049288A2 (fr) 2006-07-28 2007-05-25 Fondant et procédé pour réduire des couches d'oxyde sur des surfaces métalliques

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20110146845A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2049288A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2009544471A (fr)
KR (1) KR20090042917A (fr)
CN (1) CN101528389A (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0715432A2 (fr)
MX (1) MX2009000610A (fr)
WO (1) WO2008011933A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102510781B (zh) * 2010-02-25 2014-06-04 丰田自动车株式会社 中空铸件的制造方法和内燃机活塞的制造方法
DE102010030214B4 (de) * 2010-06-17 2015-05-13 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kolben oder Zylinderköpfen eines Verbrennungsmotors und Verwendung von Wismut in einem Tauchmetall
CN102773463A (zh) * 2012-08-01 2012-11-14 烟台路通精密铝业有限公司 一种双金属发动机气缸复合材料的制备工艺
CN105251973B (zh) * 2014-07-17 2020-03-24 乔治费希尔有限责任公司 复式铸件
CN107723650B (zh) * 2017-10-25 2019-04-05 安徽恒利增材制造科技有限公司 一种发动机缸体用铝铁双金属的铸造方法

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DE10210133A1 (de) * 2002-03-08 2003-09-18 Behr Gmbh & Co Flussmittel zum Löten von Aluminium
EP1462194B1 (fr) * 2003-03-13 2005-09-28 Ford Global Technologies, LLC, A subsidary of Ford Motor Company Procédé de fabrication de pièces métalliques
JP2005014076A (ja) * 2003-06-27 2005-01-20 Toshiba Corp 耐酸化性はんだ、耐酸化性はんだの製造方法およびはんだ付け方法
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BRPI0715432A2 (pt) 2013-01-08
US20110146845A1 (en) 2011-06-23
WO2008011933A3 (fr) 2008-04-03
WO2008011933A2 (fr) 2008-01-31
JP2009544471A (ja) 2009-12-17
MX2009000610A (es) 2009-06-12
CN101528389A (zh) 2009-09-09
KR20090042917A (ko) 2009-05-04

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