EP2046676A2 - Fabrication de dispositifs microfluidiques polymeriques par impression photo- et/ou thermo-assistee - Google Patents
Fabrication de dispositifs microfluidiques polymeriques par impression photo- et/ou thermo-assisteeInfo
- Publication number
- EP2046676A2 EP2046676A2 EP07823286A EP07823286A EP2046676A2 EP 2046676 A2 EP2046676 A2 EP 2046676A2 EP 07823286 A EP07823286 A EP 07823286A EP 07823286 A EP07823286 A EP 07823286A EP 2046676 A2 EP2046676 A2 EP 2046676A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- resin
- base
- stamp
- support
- microfluidic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81C—PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- B81C1/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
- B81C1/00015—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate for manufacturing microsystems
- B81C1/00023—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate for manufacturing microsystems without movable or flexible elements
- B81C1/00119—Arrangement of basic structures like cavities or channels, e.g. suitable for microfluidic systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y10/00—Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/0002—Lithographic processes using patterning methods other than those involving the exposure to radiation, e.g. by stamping
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B2201/00—Specific applications of microelectromechanical systems
- B81B2201/05—Microfluidics
- B81B2201/058—Microfluidics not provided for in B81B2201/051 - B81B2201/054
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B2203/00—Basic microelectromechanical structures
- B81B2203/03—Static structures
- B81B2203/0323—Grooves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81C—PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- B81C2201/00—Manufacture or treatment of microstructural devices or systems
- B81C2201/03—Processes for manufacturing substrate-free structures
- B81C2201/036—Hot embossing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81C—PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- B81C2203/00—Forming microstructural systems
- B81C2203/03—Bonding two components
- B81C2203/032—Gluing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/0318—Processes
- Y10T137/0402—Cleaning, repairing, or assembling
- Y10T137/0491—Valve or valve element assembling, disassembling, or replacing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/206—Flow affected by fluid contact, energy field or coanda effect [e.g., pure fluid device or system]
- Y10T137/2224—Structure of body of device
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
- Y10T137/598—With repair, tapping, assembly, or disassembly means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31652—Of asbestos
- Y10T428/31663—As siloxane, silicone or silane
Definitions
- the subject of the invention is a novel method for manufacturing microfluidic devices, as well as the devices resulting from the application of this method and their uses in microfluidic systems.
- microfluidics In many technical fields, the use of microfluidics is more and more frequent, whether in the fields of chemistry, biotechnology or fluid mechanics for example, with a demand from users for further miniaturization.
- the channels are directly etched by techniques for structuring thin layers from microelectronics (electronic lithography, optical, reactive ion etching, etc.).
- the devices are finalized by assembling thin layers (anodic bonding, fusion bonding, etc.).
- the materials used are silicon, glass, metals.
- an original mold is manufactured by direct etching methods.
- the microfluidic devices are obtained by replicating the mold in a polymeric material.
- the use of PolyDiMethylSiloxane elastomers (PDMS) is by far the most widespread.
- PDMS PolyDiMethylSiloxane elastomers
- a stamp of centimeter thickness is obtained on its surface.
- the devices are finalized by closing the structures by gluing on a flat surface (glass, elastomers, silicon, etc.).
- Soft Lithography techniques based on the use of elastomers strongly limit the resistance of the devices to the application of high pressures (deformability and bonding) and therefore to the transport of viscous fluids, to the use of various solvents (organic or aqueous).
- All PDMS devices are not satisfactory for users: the construction of micron structures and / or strong aspect ratios is made impossible by the deformability of the channels which can lead to the collapse and / or clogging of the channels. This is the case for devices constructed from at least one PDMS element.
- the PDMS has poor chemical and mechanical resistance. PDMS is swollen with many organic solvents. It is degraded by strong acids and bases. Both of these features greatly limit the range of transportable solvents in PDMS devices. The low elastic modulus of elastomers such as PDMS makes these materials totally ineffective to withstand high mechanical pressures. Finally, the PDMS is permeable to gases. The base and / or lid of the PDMS devices are thick for handling. This thickness impedes the observation inside the channels by optical methods.
- the present invention overcomes the drawbacks of the prior art through a novel process for manufacturing polymeric microfluidic devices by photo-assisted printing.
- WO 2005/030822 discloses a method of manufacturing a microfluidic device from photocrosslinkable perfluoropolyethers.
- a rigid substrate having a certain profile is used as a molding support.
- a precursor of liquid perfluoropolyether polymer is placed on the mold.
- the photocrosslinking of the polymer gives a part of the device comprising the impression of the molding. This part is removed from the mold and placed in contact with a support of the same material.
- a second irradiation makes it possible to fix the two parts of the device.
- the perfluoropolyether is chosen for its qualities of elasticity which allow it to be removed from the mold easily, and for its resistance to solvents.
- the obligation to be able to move the molded polymer requires to give it a base of sufficient thickness which limits the use of this method to: ensure rapid thermal controls, maintain the optical properties of the base ...
- the material The elastomeric nature is inherently poor resolution, it is difficult to obtain structures with channels smaller than 100 microns. Finally these devices are difficult to stack.
- a photo-crosslinkable polymer is placed between two plates kept at a distance by means of spacers and a treatment with U. V. makes it possible to solidify the polymer according to the chosen profile.
- the use of spacers forced the production of structures with a thickness of about 400 microns.
- the patterns obtainable by this method are larger than the optical wavelength employed.
- the channels obtained by this method have a width of 600 microns.
- the uncrosslinked polymer is removed using a solvent and introducing pressurized air into the microcircuit. However, it is impossible to totally eliminate any trace of pre-polymer, especially in circuit parts devoid of exit.
- US-2006/0014271 discloses a method of manufacturing a fully polymeric microfluidic device.
- the disadvantages are substantially the same as for the above method: thickness of the device and poor resolution.
- V. Studer et al, Applied Physics Letters, 80 (19), 3614-3616, 2002 discloses a method of hot nano-molding thermoplastic polymer pellets to form microfluidic devices.
- the resulting devices have satisfactory resolution and solvent resistance, but their pressure resistance is poor because the thermal bonding of the two polymeric parts does not provide structures resistant to high pressures.
- this method does not allow the finalization of devices by bonding in an aqueous medium.
- the subject of the present invention is a method for manufacturing a microfluidic device, this method being characterized in that a stamp made of an elastomeric material such as PDMS having a profile complementary to that of the device to which it is used is used as starting material. we want to succeed.
- the elastomer stamp is used to print a photocurable and / or thermosetting liquid, such as a photocurable and / or photopolymerizable liquid polymer resin composition placed on a support of choice.
- the stamp in elastomer is removed and the part (profiled base) of the microfluidic device having the profile complementary to that of the stamp is obtained.
- simple exposure to UV or visible radiation, whether natural or artificial, is sufficient.
- the elastomer stamp in particular PDMS as a printing mold of the device makes it easy to remove after photo- or thermo-crosslinking and / or photo- or thermopolymerization because the PDMS does not adhere to photo-or thermally-curable resins and / or photo- or thermopolymer sables.
- the photo- or thermopolymerization and / or the photo- or thermo-crosslinking is not done at the interface stamp-resin.
- This interface then contains active crosslinking or polymerization sites.
- This cover may be of any suitable material such as glass, photosensitive resin, silicone elastomer oxidized oxygen plasma.
- Irradiation preferably in press of the profiled base device + cover seals the microfluidic device without the need to use an adhesive.
- this step may be replaced by or combined with a heat treatment, such as heating in an oven, on a hot plate or treatment with infra-red rays.
- a heat treatment such as heating in an oven, on a hot plate or treatment with infra-red rays. The duration and the intensity of the irradiation and / or heating make it possible to modulate the quality or the strength of the bonding.
- This method makes it possible to obtain, from a material initially in the liquid state, a microfluidic device of solid structure, of very good resolution, resistant to solvents and to pressure.
- a microfluidic device of solid structure of very good resolution, resistant to solvents and to pressure.
- Such a device can be manufactured quickly and uses inexpensive raw materials.
- the circuit board in this device can be drawn at the option of the user and then be integrated into a larger microfluidic system.
- microfluidic device is meant a device through which flowing materials, such as liquids, are flowed on a scale ranging from picolitre to microliter.
- a microfluidic device comprises at least one flow channel and / or reservoirs, it may further comprise reaction chambers, mixing chambers, separation zones.
- the method of the invention relates to the manufacture of a microfluidic device comprising at least one base (T), at least two lateral parts (4 ') defining a pattern such as a channel (6), this method being characterized in that that: i- a patch (1) of elastomeric material having a profile (la) complementary to that of the microfluidic device is used as a mold, ii- the base (2) consists of a plate of solid material, capable of reacting with the the photocurable and / or thermosetting liquid is placed parallel to the patch (1), the photocurable and / or thermosetting liquid (4) is deposited on the base (2) in an appropriate quantity, and the patch (1) is placed on the base (2) by applying a pressure (P) to the stamp, the liquid (4) is placed in the hollow areas (Ic) of the elastomer stamp, v- the liquid (4) is treated by irradiation and / or by heating in order to obtain its hardening, vi- the stamp (1) is removed from the disp osit
- the method of the invention relates to the manufacture of a microfluidic device comprising at least one base (2), at least two lateral parts (4 ') defining a pattern such as a channel (6), this method being characterized in that (FIGS.
- a stamp (1) of elastomeric material having a profile (la) complementary to that of the microfluidic device is used as a mold
- the base (2) constituted a plate of solid material capable of reacting with the photocurable and / or photopolymerizable liquid resin composition (4) is placed at a distance from the stamp (1) made of elastomer, and parallel to the stamp (1), it is deposited on the base (2) the photocurable and / or photopolymerizable liquid resin composition (4) in an appropriate quantity
- iv- the patch (1) is placed on the base (2) by applying a pressure (P) to the patch
- the composition of liquid resin is placed in the hollow areas (Ic) of the elastomer stamp
- the liquid resin composition (4) is irradiated with suitable radiation to obtain its polymerization and / or crosslinking, and the patch (1) is removed from the device.
- Irradiation can be done through the patch (1), as shown in FIG. or through the support (3) and / or the base (2) (variants not shown).
- a stamp (1) of elastomeric material, in particular PDMS, having a profile (la) is used as a mold.
- the patch comprises a protuberance (Ib) of rectangular section corresponding to the channel (6) of the microfluidic device that is desired.
- 11 also comprises two hollow zones (Ic) of rectangular section on each side of the protuberance (Ib).
- the profile (la) is complementary to that of the microfluidic device that is to be produced.
- the base (2) consists of a plate of solid material capable of reacting with the photocurable resin and / or photopolymerizable, such as for example glass, silicon, a solid polymer film, a metal (copper, aluminum, steel). , gold ...), a conductive or semiconductor alloy (ITO, SiC, SiN, GaN, AsGa, etc.), a ceramic, quartz, Sapphire, an elastomer (PDMS, polyurethane, etc.).
- a plate of solid material capable of reacting with the photocurable resin and / or photopolymerizable, such as for example glass, silicon, a solid polymer film, a metal (copper, aluminum, steel). , gold ...), a conductive or semiconductor alloy (ITO, SiC, SiN, GaN, AsGa, etc.), a ceramic, quartz, Sapphire, an elastomer (PDMS, polyurethane, etc.).
- the base (2) consists of a glass slide. To allow certain applications, it is preferable that the base is very thin.
- the base is preferably placed on a support (3) which can be removed at any time.
- This support is in any material suitable for this use. It may consist of the base of a press on which the device is placed.
- photocurable resin and / or photopolymerizable resin composition (4) in liquid form in an appropriate amount.
- the photocurable and / or photopolymerizable resin is a solution or a dispersion based on monomers and / or prepolymers.
- Photocure and / or photopolymerizable resins commonly used as adhesives, adhesives or surface coatings are used in the process of the invention.
- adhesives, adhesives or surface coatings usually employed in the optical field are chosen.
- Such resins when irradiated and photocrosslinked and / or photopolymerized, give a solid which is preferably transparent, free of bubbles or any other irregularity.
- Such resins are generally based on monomers / comonomers / pre-polymers of the epoxy, epoxysilane, acrylate, methacrylate, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid type, but there may also be mentioned thiolene, polyurethane and urethane-acrylate resins, the resins may be replaced by photocurable aqueous gels such as polyacrylamide gels, and they are chosen to be liquid at room temperature.
- photopolymerizable and / or photocrosslinkable resins that may be used in the present invention
- the photocurable and / or photopolymerizable resin composition may comprise, besides the resin itself, conventional additives such as inorganic particles.
- conventional additives such as inorganic particles.
- metallic, magnetic or semi-conductive particles may be used in these compositions.
- the treatment of the photocurable and / or thermosetting liquid is carried out by photoactivation using any appropriate means, such as radiation irradiation. UV, visible, but also by heating (hotplates, oven, infra-red radiation).
- a resin which, once polymerized and / or crosslinked, is preferably chosen is rigid and non-flexible because the elastomeric resins tend to deform when pressurized fluids are circulated in the device.
- the use of elastomeric photocurable resins is not excluded.
- the stamp (1) of elastomer, in particular PDMS on the base (2) is placed the stamp (1) of elastomer, in particular PDMS on the base (2).
- the liquid resin is placed in the hollow parts (Ic) of the elastomer stamp.
- a pressure (P) is applied to the stamp to expel any excess glue.
- the projections and in particular the protuberance (Ib) of the stamp (1) made of elastomer are in contact with the base (T).
- the liquid resin (4) takes the form of the hollow zones (Ic) of the stamp (1). Irradiation the resin (4) is made in the axis perpendicular to the base of the device, through the stamp (1).
- FIG. 1C shows the lateral parts (4 ') of the device (5) made of photopolymerized and / or photo-cured resin, having a rectangular profile complementary to that of the hollow zones (Ic) of the stamp (1).
- These side portions (4 ') are fixed to the base (2) and define a channel (6). It can be provided that the profile of the patch is adapted so that the photopolymerized and / or photocrosslinked resin defines other patterns.
- channel is used here broadly to denote any hollow or recessed part in the profile of the device of the invention.
- the lid (7) of the device can be made of any suitable material capable of reacting with the active polymerization and / or crosslinking sites of the lateral parts, such as, for example, glass, silicon, a solid polymer film, a metal , a conducting or semi-conducting alloy, a ceramic, quartz, sapphire, an elastomer.
- a glass slide, a polymer film, a silicon slide Preferably one chooses a glass slide, a polymer film, a silicon slide.
- the materials used to form the cover and the base are chosen according to the application that will be made of the device.
- a silicon cover and / or base are more suitable for producing chips with built-in microelectrical elements (eg CMOS type for complementary metal oxide semi-conductor) for the detection or measurement of local physical / chemical properties ( temperature, pressure, concentration of a species, electric potential, current, ).
- CMOS type complementary metal oxide semi-conductor
- the bonding of a profiled base manufactured according to the method of the invention on a DNA chip or on a protein chip, generally made of silicon or glass, is also conceivable and makes it possible to produce biochips. This allows the coupling between microchip and microchip technologies.
- a lid and / or a polymer film base are more suitable for producing low-cost, disposable devices or for making digital microfluidics (droplet microfluidics).
- the transport of emulsion drops in confined geometries is only possible if the wetting properties of the walls are unfavorable with respect to the drops carried.
- a lid and / or a glass base are more suitable for easy observation, optical detection (transparency).
- Another important application is the use of glass slides to make cell cultures. More generally, the use of glass makes it possible to take advantage of the versatility of the chemical and biological surface treatments existing for this substrate.
- a last asset of the glass is its very good thermal conductivity. It allows to perform a homogeneous heating of the devices.
- the cover may be of the same or different material as the base.
- a flexible profiled base and / or a flexible material to fix it on a lid that is not flat but rounded as are the laboratory containers used to receive liquids (beakers, tubes with tests, ampoules, columns ).
- FIG 2A The cover (7) is placed on a flat support of the press (8).
- the base (2) on which are fixed the lateral parts (4 ') of the device is placed on the lid so as to close the device.
- the press (8) is used to maintain the assembly under pressure and the assembly is treated by irradiation, or by heating, so as to fix the cover (7) to the side portions (4 ') by photopolymerization or photocrosslinking. Irradiation is done at a suitable wavelength depending on the material to be treated.
- the photopolymerization and / or photocrosslinking in press may be carried out in an aqueous medium. The pressure exerted expels the water film interposed between the closure material and the crosslinked resin. Then the assembly is removed from the press (8).
- the device of FIG. 2B is obtained comprising: a cover (7), a base (2) and two lateral parts (4 ') defining a channel (6) intended for the circulation of fluids.
- the base (2) and the cover (7) each have a face external to the device, respectively (2a) and (7a) which can be used as a base in a second operation of creating a microfluidic profile by printing a stamp elastomer in a resin and then photopolymerization and / or photocrosslinking.
- a profiled base is manufactured as described above and illustrated in FIGS. 1A, 1B and 1C, then the profiled base formed in FIG. 1C of the associated parts (2) and (4 '). its support (3) (optional) is deposited, as illustrated in Figure 15A, on a temporary support, here on a sheet (30), a material not reacting with the photocrosslinkable polymer.
- the shaped base is in contact with the sheet (30) of material through the upper side of the side portions (4 '), which contains active polymerization sites.
- the inert nature of the material which constitutes the sheet (30) vis-à-vis the active polymerization sites prevents the sealing of the bond between the profiled base and the sheet (30).
- the profiled base can thus be stored for the desired time until it is used to produce a closed device.
- the material used for the base and the lateral parts is advantageously a flexible material, such as an elastomer such as a silicone elastomer.
- a profiled base comprising a base (2) and side portions (4 ') of photocurable and / or photopolymerizable resin whose upper faces comprise active polymerization sites, with a support (30) of a material not reacting with the photocurable resin and / or photopolymerizable is another object of the invention.
- the base (2) and the lateral parts (4 ') are made of a flexible and / or thin material, it is preferably provided to maintain them associated with a rigid support (3) facilitating their handling.
- the profiled base when it is desired to close the profiled base definitively, it is removed from its temporary support (30), as would be done with a sticker, and as shown in FIG. 2B, the profiled base is deposited. on its cover (7) then irradiating the assembly, possibly by applying a pressure, to achieve a device as shown in Figure 2B.
- FIGS. 15C and 15D show the same steps as the variant of FIGS. 15A and 15B in the case where the profiled base is produced entirely in resin and in a single step, as described in FIGS. 13A to 13C: the profiled base (2.4), supported by its support (3) is placed on its face comprising active polymerization sites on a temporary support, here on a sheet (30), a material not reactive with the photocrosslinkable polymer. When it is desired to close the profiled base (2.4) permanently, it is removed from its temporary support (30), as it would be with a sticker.
- the support (3) is retained until the last step or it is removed earlier.
- This variant makes it possible to produce in series profiled bases of microfluidic circuits which are distributed to different users while being supported by a sheet of a material which is inert with respect to the photocrosslinkable polymer. These profiled bases are then placed by each user on the lid that is suitable for its implementation in the intended application.
- the material support which does not react with the polymer is chosen from materials such as: a fluoropolymer (Teflon® for example), a silicone elastomer, an organic or inorganic surface provided with a halogen coating, a ribbon adhesive (eg Scotch ®).
- a fluoropolymer Teflon® for example
- a silicone elastomer an organic or inorganic surface provided with a halogen coating
- a ribbon adhesive eg Scotch ®
- Figure 3 It is advantageously provided to drill holes (9) in the cover (7) of the device of the invention before attaching it to the side portions, so as to allow the attachment of connectors at appropriate locations of the channel.
- connectors and their locations is made according to the substrate and the intended application. They are fixed by any appropriate means, in particular using glue, such as for example using the photopolymerizable resin and / or photocrosslinkable used to form the lateral parts of the device.
- Figure 4 is a vertical section of a device of the invention at a connection member (10).
- the connection element (10) is traversed vertically by a channel (10a) which allows the injection or the recovery of fluids in the channel (6) of the device.
- the connecting element (10) is inserted into the orifice (9) of the cover (7) and sealed in this orifice with optical glue.
- the elastomer stamp, in particular PDMS used to mold the device of the invention is manufactured in known manner by the so-called "soft lithography” technique: a mold based on resin or silicon is used as a starting support. The elastomer is cast on the mold and then crosslinked and demolded.
- the patch used to manufacture the microfluidic device of the invention is made of flexible material, in particular elastomeric, transparent to optical radiation (UV, IR, visible) which will be used to crosslink the photocurable resin, and it is permeable to gases.
- the material preferably used is a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), but other materials having the same properties can also be used such as for example a polyurethane elastomer.
- PDMS polydimethylsiloxane
- the material used to form the patch must have an ability to form a profile with a very good resolution, because the resolution of the microfluidic device depends in particular on that of the stamp.
- the silicon or resin molding support can be made by optical lithography or by electronic lithography for better resolution.
- any method making it possible to obtain the elastomer patch, in particular PDMS with the appropriate profile, is acceptable for the implementation of the present invention.
- the techniques giving a stamp of very good resolution are preferred, which make it possible to obtain microfluidic devices that also have a very good resolution.
- PDMS molds used in the so-called "soft imprint lithography" technique are generally usable in the present invention.
- a microfluidic device having a three-dimensional structure can be produced.
- a plate (3) made of material that does not react with the resin, such as PDMS is used as a support.
- the photocurable resin (4) in liquid form is deposited directly on the PDMS plate.
- a stamp (1) of PDMS or other material elastomeric gas permeable, having the profile complementary to that which is to be printed with the resin is applied to the support assembly (3) + resin (4).
- the resin (4) is photo-irradiated through the stamp (1) PDMS so as to form the side portions (4 ') of the device flanking a pattern (6), such as a channel.
- the stamp (1) of PDMS is then removed.
- the device (1 1) comprising two resin side parts (4 ') and a support (3), defining a pattern (6), in this case an open channel in its upper part, is obtained.
- the assembly is irradiated so as to fix the two devices together by their lateral parts.
- the device (1 1) is shown in perspective in FIG. 6.
- the two devices placed on their respective PDMS supports are then placed one on the other in the desired configuration, advantageously with communication between the channels.
- a stamp (1) in PDMS on a support (3) also in PDMS and to inject into the orifices left free by the relief of the stamp, a photocurable or thermosetting liquid such as a resin composition (4). ) polymerizable or photocrosslinkable photo.
- the invention thus also relates to a process for the manufacture of a microfluidic device comprising at least one base (2), at least two lateral parts (4 ') defining a channel (6), this method being characterized in that it comprises at least the following steps: a stamp (1) of elastomeric material having a profile (la) complementary to that of the microfluidic device is used as a mold, the elastomer patch is placed, in particular PDMS on a support (3) or a base (2) also made of elastomer, iI injected in the hollow zones (Ic) of the stamp, on the support (3) or on the base (2), a liquid photocurable or thermosetting like a composition of photocurable resin and / or photopolymer sand (4) in liquid form in an appropriate amount, iv the photocurable or thermosetting liquid (4) is treated by irradiation, with the aid of appropriate radiation, and / or by heating, to obtain its Polymeris ation and / or its crosslinking, v- the
- the device can then be attached to a lid or other base, or to another device to form a network.
- FIG. 7 shows a device with two levels:
- the support (3) made of PDMS supports two lateral parts (4'A) of cross-linked resin and the assembly defines a pattern (6A), here a channel.
- An identical device has been arranged transversely on the upper face of the lateral parts (4 'A).
- the side portions (4'B) separated by a channel (6B) are placed on the first device.
- the PDMS support on which the lateral parts (4'B) rested was removed.
- the channels (6A) and (6B) communicate at their intersection (12).
- the operation can be repeated as many times as desired, so as to create an array of patterns, including channels, on several floors. It is thus possible to provide multi-stage microfluidic circuits with or without communications between them. In particular, provision can be made to create intermediate layers between the circuits in the form of resin plates. Different photopolymerizable and / or photocurable materials may be employed for the different circuit levels. Finally, the network is fixed on a base and closed by a cover as described above by photo-irradiation, or by heating, the device maintained under pressure.
- the subject of the invention is also a process for manufacturing a microfluidic device in photocurable or thermosetting liquid, such as a photocurable and / or photopolymerizable resin (4), characterized in that: a patch of elastomeric material comprising a complementary to that of the microfluidic device is used as a mold, ii- a support consisting of a plate of a solid material, which is not likely to react with the photocurable liquid and / or thermosetting is placed at a distance from the elastomer stamp , and parallel to the stamp, if a photocurable and / or thermosetting liquid is deposited on the support in an appropriate quantity, the stamp is placed on the support by applying a pressure to the stamp, without the latter coming into contact with the support; photocurable and / or thermosetting liquid by irradiation, with the aid of appropriate radiation to obtain its polymerization and / or crosslinking, and / or by heating, vi-the stamp is removed from the device.
- the support is provided with a profile which is also printed in the resin.
- FIGS. 13A, 13B and 13C it is possible to directly manufacture the base and the lateral parts of the microfluidic device in a single step and in the same material.
- a photocurable resin (4) is placed on a support (3) made of a material that does not react with this resin under normal irradiation conditions.
- the support (3) it is possible for the support (3) to be in PDMS.
- a stamp (1) in PDMS with a planar profile (Ib) having an outgrowth (la) is placed parallel to and above the support (3).
- a controlled pressure (P) is applied so as to print in the resin (4) the profile of the stamp (1) without it coming into contact with the support (3) as shown in Figure (13B).
- FIGS. 14A, 14B and 14C it is possible to manufacture a base provided with a profile on its two faces.
- Figure 14A 3 a resin (4) photocrosslinkable is placed on a support (3) of a material which does not react with the resin under normal conditions of irradiation.
- the support (3) it is possible for the support (3) to be in PDMS.
- the support (3) comprises a plane profile (3b) comprising two protuberances (3a).
- a stamp (1) in PDMS with a planar profile (Ib) having an outgrowth (la) is placed parallel to and above the support (3).
- a controlled pressure (P) is applied so as to print in the resin (4) the profile of the stamp (1) without it coming into contact with the support (3) as illustrated in Figure (14B). Then photoirradie all, along an axis perpendicular to the support (3) (but irradiation at a different angle would lead to the same result) and remove the stamp (1) and the support (3).
- a doubly profiled base (14.4) having an upper face having a profile (14a) complementary to that of the stamp (1) and a lower face having a profile (14b) complementary to that of the base (3). It is then possible, as described above, to fix a cover on each of the faces of the base (14.4).
- the above description of the method of manufacturing a microfluidic device concerned the manufacture of a simple structure of a channel.
- the present invention applies to the manufacture of microfluidic devices having extremely varied profiles: it is expected that the device of the invention comprises on the same plane a plurality of channels of the same or different profiles, with crossovers channels, reaction chambers, tanks, mixing chambers. It can be provided that the side walls of the various channels, tanks and chambers are parallel or not, so as to create in particular channels of variable section.
- the elastomer stamp advantageously PDMS, is designed to have the profile complementary to that of the microfluidic device.
- the process of the invention gives access to microfluidic devices whose channels may have a small width.
- the width of the channel of a microfluidic device is defined as the distance between the side portions of the channel.
- the width of a channel is defined as the smallest width of this channel.
- the thickness of the microfluidic device is defined as the distance between the base and the lid of the device. The method of the invention makes it possible to obtain devices of small thickness.
- the thickness of each channel is defined as the distance between the upper face and the lower face of the side portions of the channel.
- Another object of the invention is a microfluidic device comprising: at least one base consisting of a plate of a rigid material such as a glass or silicon strip, a photocrosslinked polymer, a metal, a conductive or semiconductive alloy, a ceramic, quartz sapphire, an elastomer;
- lid (7) parallel to the base, fixed on the lateral parts (4 ') closing the channel (6) in its upper part, and which advantageously consists of a plate of a rigid material such as a glass or silicon strip, a photocrosslinked polymer, a metal, a conductive or semi-conductive alloy, a ceramic, quartz, sapphire, an elastomer, this device being characterized in that the thickness of the channel is less than or equal to 300 ⁇ m.
- the width of the channel is less than or equal to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably less than or equal to 10 ⁇ m, advantageously less than or equal to 1 ⁇ m, even more advantageously less than or equal to 100 nm, advantageously still less than or equal to 50 nm.
- the thickness of the channel is less than or equal to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably less than or equal to 100 ⁇ m, advantageously less than or equal to 10 ⁇ m, even more advantageously less than or equal to 1 ⁇ m, advantageously still less than or equal to 100 ⁇ m. nm.
- the aspect ratio which is the width-to-depth ratio of the patterns that are created in the resin, can range from 0.1: 1 to 10: 1, more preferably up to 100: 1 and still advantageously up to at 1000: L
- varied values of aspect ratio can be obtained with channels of any width, in particular of 100 ⁇ m, 10 ⁇ m or 1 ⁇ m.
- the method of the invention provides access to devices with high resolution.
- the resolution of these devices can be quantified by the smallest width of a pattern, such as a protuberance, that can be integrated into the device.
- a resolution of the order of 100 nm can be obtained.
- the method of the invention makes it possible to give access to devices whose total thickness is less than or equal to 300 ⁇ m, advantageously less than or equal to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably less than or equal to 100 ⁇ m.
- the device of the invention is intended to be used as is, with the aid of appropriate connectors or it can be integrated in a complete microfluidic system.
- microfluidic system in addition to one or more devices according to the invention may comprise the following elements: pumps intended to introduce and circulate fluids in the system, signal detection equipment, equipment intended to vary the environmental conditions of the fluids (temperature, radiation), equipment intended to control the circulation in the device (valves) of data control systems (computer ).,
- the devices of the invention can be used in all kinds of applications, especially for high throughput screening and high reagent content:
- chemistry where they are particularly useful because of their resistance to multiple solvents, they can be used to make reactions, in particular to implement combinatorial chemistry processes, separations, liquid-liquid extractions. They make it possible to perform crystallization and solubilization tests of mineral or organic molecules / particles.
- formulation assistance protocols optimization of chemical mixtures to access a given physical and / or chemical property.
- the devices of the invention can be used for the study of fluids, in particular the rheological properties of fluids, in particular because of the pressure-resistance properties of these devices. These devices can also be used for the construction of rheological sensors, in particular with regard to: products extracted / used in the exploitation of petroleum deposits (crude oil, fluids drilling, sludge), paints, cosmetic creams or food formulation (quality control).
- Reagents can be packaged in drops which thus act as microreactors.
- the devices of the invention having if desired a thin structure it is easy to control the temperature.
- devices without lids can be manufactured, by the method of the invention, devices without lids.
- Such devices can be used as microwell plates whose configuration is adapted according to the tests that it is desired to perform, and they are reclosable at will once the desired reagents have been deposited therein.
- An elastomer stamp, especially PDMS is designed and printed to have the complementary profile of the plate that is desired. Protuberances are created in the profile of the stamp where it is desired to obtain microwells or channels. Then the method shown in Fig. 1 is applied to a microwell plate as shown in Figs. 10A (top view) and OB (side cut view):
- a photopolymerizable resin and / or photocrosslinkable liquid 13
- this resin having been polymerized and / or crosslinked under a stamp (not shown) whose footprint defines microwells (14).
- Fluid flow channels may also be provided to allow fluids to flow between the microwells.
- the irradiation of the polymer can be assayed so as to leave active polymerization sites on the upper side of the side portions (13). After filling the microwells (14), a lid can be placed on the assembly and then sealed.
- Rheology ie the behavior of fluids under flow
- rheometers which are expensive and heavy equipment for implementation.
- a global characterization can not highlight this type of phenomena.
- FIG. 11 A device according to the invention is illustrated in FIG. 11:
- the base (11.2) consists of a 170 ⁇ m thick glass slide.
- the lid (11.7) is a 1 mm thick glass plate pierced with fluid inlet (11.9a) and outlet (11.9b) ports. These orifices are arranged using connectors (not shown) in accordance with the device of FIG. 4.
- the lateral parts (11.4) made of photopolymerizable resin N0A81 define a channel (11.6) through which a fluid may circulate.
- a fluid flow (represented by the arrows - * -) is realized in a micro channel (11.6) either by controlling the pressure difference between the inlet (1 1.9a) and the outlet (1 1.9b) either by imposing a flow from a syringe shoot. If the flow rate is imposed, the inlet pressure is measured using a pressure sensor (not shown) disposed on the injection connectors.
- Micro channels (11.6) of high aspect ratio, thickness: 10 ⁇ m, width: 100 ⁇ m, are used to facilitate the quantitative processing of data.
- the velocity profile of the fluid is measured under flow using a PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) technique. Fluorescent colloids (used as tracers) are incorporated in the study fluid. Using a microscope objective (22) with oil immersion (21) of high magnification and high aperture digital, we measure the speed of displacement of the tracers in the focal plane (thickness 1 micron) at an altitude z fixed in the thickness of the micro-channel. The focal plane is then moved in steps of a few hundred nanometers using a piezoelectric device (23) on which is placed the objective (22) microscope. It is thus possible to reconstitute the velocity profile v x (z). The knowledge of the velocity profile and the pressure gradient makes it possible to draw quantitative data on the rheological behavior of the studied fluid.
- PIV Porous Image Velocimetry
- the base used here is a glass slide (11.2) 170 ⁇ m thick.
- the use of an immersion microscope objective requires the use of this particular base.
- the cover chosen here is a glass slide (1 1.7) 1 mm thick.
- the use of this transparent material is adapted to the optical observations in transmission (birefringence, flow lines ). It would also have been possible to use a finer glass slat for a better thermal control.
- the photopolymerizable resin is here a commercial optical adhesive (Norland Optical Adhesive, NOA81).
- Norland Optical Adhesive Norland Optical Adhesive
- the rigid microfluidic system ensures a constant section along the micro channel, which is not feasible in PDMS systems. Indeed when the working pressure exceeds 200 mbar, the micro channel swells under the effect of pressure. As there is a pressure gradient along the micro channel, the section also evolves along the channel, which can be unacceptable for some applications.
- the described manufacturing technique also makes it possible to implement high aspect ratio microfluidic channels.
- Example 2 Microfluidic Devices for the Culture, Observation and Study of Living Cells
- microfluidic devices dedicated to the study of living cells are for the moment all designed to cultivate living cells inside the microfluidic device (channel or chamber).
- the cell culture is often (particularly in the case of neurons) very delicate, its realization in a microfluidic environment is not without problems such as the incompatibility between the materials used and the conditions of culture, the biocompatibility of materials etc. .
- the microfluidic device in order to be able to carry out the measurements of interest, the microfluidic device must have optical properties (transmission of light, non-fluorescent, fine) binding.
- microfluidic systems described above have very good optical qualities.
- the fineness of the device makes it possible to observe using microscopy objectives at a very short working distance and considerably limits autofluorescence (always present and especially in the PDMS) of the device.
- the bonding of the microfluidic system can be carried out in an aqueous medium. This bonding was therefore performed in the cell culture medium and the microfluidic device was bonded to an already existing cell culture.
- a living cell culture (24) on a support (12.2) consisting of a blade or a thin glass slide covered with an extracellular matrix (for example polylysine or polyalanine) is placed in a container (12.3) containing culture (25).
- a device having a lid (12.7) pierced with orifices (12.9) and attached to side portions (12.4) of N0A81 resin is pressed onto the cell culture.
- the assembly consisting of the cover (12.7), the lateral parts (12.4) and the support (12.2) defines a channel or a microfluidic chamber (12.6) manufactured according to the principle described above. Cells that are out of the channel are overwritten. This step can be performed in a press (not shown).
- the assembly is placed under UV (or visible or IR) to ensure the bonding of the lateral parts (12.4) with the culture medium (12.2).
- the cell culture (24) is immersed in culture medium (25).
- optical properties of microfluidic systems according to the invention make it possible to implement a large number of fluorescence imaging techniques confined cells (TIRFM 5 FRAP, FCS).
- Example 3 Microstructured Stickers for Microfluidic Devices on Curved Surfaces (Flasks, Glassware, Test Tubes, ...)
- This technique illustrated in Figure 16 allows for profiled bases of small thickness. Whatever the material used, this small thickness confers considerable flexibility to the set + base stamp.
- the base can be seen as a microstructured sticker. This sticker can be manipulated and glued by irradiation on lids of various shapes. This is made possible by the flexibility and transparency properties of the PDMS stamp.
- the stickers are made using a gentle printing technique.
- a drop of a photopolymerizable monomer is deposited on a flat or profiled PDMS support.
- a PDMS patch is pressed onto the drop as shown in Figures 13B and 14B to form a mono- or bi-profiled base by exposure to light so as to polymerize the monomers.
- Oxygen inhibits the radical polymerization which allows here to form a profiled base.
- the permeability of PDMS to gases, and oxygen in particular allows, with a controlled dosage of irradiation, the formation of a thin layer of active crosslinking sites on the upper and lower faces of the profiled base. Thus both sides have adhesive properties.
- the profiled base on the PDMS support is deposited, on its free face, on a substrate to which it is adhered by photocrosslinking.
- the PDMS device is then removed and the second face of the profiled base can be deposited on a fluorinated PDMS film and stored for later use, or as in Figure 16, it is deposited on a beaker.
- Orifices may be provided in the walls of the beaker so as to connect the interior space of the beaker and the microfluidic circuit printed in the profiled base. Thus the liquids present in the beaker can circulate in the microcircuit printed on its wall.
- Example 4 Device for producing, transporting, visualizing, handling and storing drops or emulsions.
- Microfluidic devices capable of producing and manipulating isolated emulsions or drops potentially open the way to new methods of analysis, formulation assistance and synthesis of materials or molecules.
- the advantages associated with miniaturization are: (i) the better control of the exchanges of matter and energy in these microreactors that can constitute microdrops, (ii) the joint reduction of the costs and the human and environmental risks thanks to the extreme reduction of material volumes (typically 0.1-1 nanoliters per drop), (iii) the control of the morphology of the drops produced and transported in microsystems opens the way towards the construction of high performance materials (monodisperse and / or self-assembled particles after solidification of drops for example) such as those described in A. Ajdari and M. Joanicot, Science 309, 887-888. 2005.
- the stabilization of the emulsions or foams requires slowing the coalescence of the drops of the dispersed wall.
- a conventional strategy is to add a third component (polymer surfactant, small particles) to kinetically stabilize the liquid dispersion.
- a third component polymer surfactant, small particles
- Another requirement must be met to produce, transport and store microfluidic emulsions. It is indeed necessary to prevent the partial wetting of the walls of the channels by the drops. In this case it is impossible to store oil-in-water emulsions in PDMS microchannels, even in the presence of molecular stabilizers such as surfactants or colloidal stabilizers.
- a profiled base is manufactured whose upper surface retains active polymerization sites in hydrophilic polymer or in hydrophobic, photocrosslinkable polymer.
- the wettability properties of the channel walls can thus be adapted to produce a direct emulsion or an inverse emulsion.
- FIG. 17 shows two microfluidic devices for forming drops. That of FIG. 17A is in hydrophilic resin NOA 81® and that in FIG. 17B is in crosslinked tri (methylol propane) triacrylate.
- FIG. 17C shows a monodisperse emulsion of hexadecane in the water produced in the device of FIG. 17A.
- FIG. 17D the water-in-hexadecane inverse emulsion produced in the device of FIG. 17B is observed.
- a self-adhesive profiled base was placed on a glass plate.
- the resin of which the profiled base is made is of the thiolene type (Norland Optical Adhesive NOA 81®).
- a PDMS stamp 5 mm thick was made by molding an original obtained by photolithography.
- a drop of 100 ⁇ l of NOA 81® is placed between the PDMS stamp and a planar PDMS support.
- the liquid is irradiated with UV light using a focused source.
- the PDMS stamp is then removed and the profiled base is pressed by hand onto a glass plate, such as a microscopy plate, into which holes have been shaped by sanding.
- a second UV exposure (duration: 60 seconds, power: 20 mW / cm 2 ) permanently seals the device.
- the fluid is then injected through the orifices to which connection tubes (Tygon S54HL) are connected via connectors (Upchurch Nanoport N-333) in the alignment of the orifices of the glass plate. The manufacture of this device took less than 10 minutes.
- First exposure 30 seconds, power 20 mW / cm 2 .
- the glass support is replaced by a flat plastic support (petri dish) covered with a thin layer of the polymer tri (methylol propane) triacrylate (obtained using a PDMS flat stamp, exposure: 30 seconds, power: 20 mW / cm 2 ).
- a second exposure to UV: Duration: 60 seconds, power: 20 mW / cm 2 seals the device.
- the four walls of the device are made of the same hydrophobic material and have the same properties.
- the device has been reinforced by attaching a second plastic support to the other side of the profiled base. Connection ports were formed in the first plastic plate prior to sealing the device. The same connectors were used as for the device of FIG. 17A.
- Example 5 Microstructured Stickers for Multicular Microfluidic Devices: 3D Microfluidics
- the PDMS stamp is put in contact with a smooth or structured PDMS support.
- the photopolymerizable liquid monomer is then introduced by capillarity in the empty space between the two blocks of PDMS.
- the stamp may advantageously be decorated with a network of pads bypassing the microfluidic structure to be printed. See Figure 18.
- FIG. 18B Such a device is shown in FIG. 18B. It consists of a straight channel on the first level. This right channel is closed by a sticker "stencils” provided with 5 circular openings. This assembly serves as a cover for a second right channel. See diagram in Figure 18C.
- the material used for the straight channels is NOA 81 ® glue.
- a more fluid monomer is used for the stencil (tri (methylol propane) triacrylate and 1% by mass of photoinitiator (Darocur 1173, Sigma Aldrich)).
- FIGS. 18A, B and C shows that it is possible to structure the flow of two liquids into a network of parallel strips with only two inputs and one output to be connected to the device.
- the number, the width and the distance between the bands and more generally the concentration profiles of the liquids are controlled solely by the geometry of the channels and are independent of the number of inputs and outputs.
- FIG. 8 The electron micrograph obtained and shown in FIG. 8 shows the surface of a photocurable resin N0A81 obtained by replication of a blazed optical grating (the distance between two lines is 830 nm). Recent studies on U.V. assisted imprint techniques have shown the possibility of reducing the spatial resolution of replicated patterns to a few tens of nanometers.
- Resin material N0A81, NOA60 Norland optics We have been able to control the flow of various aqueous and organic liquids for some impossible to handle in the most standard devices suitable for rapid prototyping (PDMS material): toluene, bromopropane, n-heptane, ethanol, tetradecane, silicone oil, water-surfactant mixtures, hexadecane, decalin.
- PDMS material toluene, bromopropane, n-heptane, ethanol, tetradecane, silicone oil, water-surfactant mixtures, hexadecane, decalin.
- Bonding in an aqueous medium Another major advantage of the invention lies in the possibility of constructing microfluidic devices in an aqueous medium. This possibility offers potentialities inaccessible today for biotechnological applications. To illustrate this important point we have built cell culture chambers of a few tens of microns thick.
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Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0606457A FR2903679B1 (fr) | 2006-07-17 | 2006-07-17 | Fabrication de dispositifs microfluidiques polymeriques par impression photo-assistee. |
| PCT/FR2007/001212 WO2008009803A2 (fr) | 2006-07-17 | 2007-07-16 | Fabrication de dispositifs microfluidiques polymeriques par impression photo- et/ou thermo-assistee |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2046676A2 true EP2046676A2 (fr) | 2009-04-15 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07823286A Ceased EP2046676A2 (fr) | 2006-07-17 | 2007-07-16 | Fabrication de dispositifs microfluidiques polymeriques par impression photo- et/ou thermo-assistee |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8636022B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP2046676A2 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP5684985B2 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2903679B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2008009803A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9520314B2 (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2016-12-13 | Applied Materials, Inc. | High temperature electrostatic chuck bonding adhesive |
| WO2012004423A1 (fr) * | 2010-07-07 | 2012-01-12 | Ikerlan, S.Coop | Procédé de fabrication de dispositifs microfluidiques |
| EP2638507B1 (fr) * | 2010-11-12 | 2016-01-27 | AbbVie Inc. | Procédé et système optique à rendement élevé pour déterminer l'effet d'une substance d'essai sur des cellules vivantes |
| FR2972117B1 (fr) | 2011-03-04 | 2013-12-20 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Systeme microfluidique pour controler un profil de concentration de molecules susceptibles de stimuler une cible |
| WO2012122628A1 (fr) | 2011-03-15 | 2012-09-20 | National Research Council Of Canada | Système microfluidique ayant des structures monolithiques nanoplasmoniques |
| US20120280284A1 (en) * | 2011-04-08 | 2012-11-08 | Agency For Science, Technology And Research | Micro-fluidic electronic devices and method for producing such devices |
| FR2974360B1 (fr) | 2011-04-22 | 2014-09-12 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Systeme microfluidique pour controler une carte de concentration de molecules susceptibles de stimuler une cible |
| FR2988087B1 (fr) | 2012-03-13 | 2019-08-30 | Total Petrochemicals France | Traitement de surface de dispositifs microfluidiques |
| FR2993665B1 (fr) | 2012-07-19 | 2015-10-16 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de fabrication d'une colonne d'analyse de chromatographie |
| FR2993666B1 (fr) * | 2012-07-19 | 2015-03-27 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de fabrication d'une colonne d'enrichissement de chromatographie |
| CA2912947C (fr) * | 2013-05-22 | 2017-06-20 | Imec Vzw | Dispositif d'analyse de fluide compact et son procede de fabrication |
| US10391485B2 (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2019-08-27 | Arizona Board Of Regents, A Body Corporate Of The State Of Arizona, Acting For And On Behalf Of Arizona State University | Microfluidic electrocage device and cell medium for trapping and rotating cells for live-cell computed tomography (CT) |
| EP3368218B1 (fr) * | 2015-10-30 | 2020-04-01 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Filtre de canaux microfluidiques |
| US10570257B2 (en) | 2015-11-16 | 2020-02-25 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Copolymerized high temperature bonding component |
| US20170198303A1 (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-07-13 | Emory University | Methods, Devices and Systems for Enhanced Transduction Efficiency |
| CN109387423B (zh) * | 2018-11-01 | 2023-10-27 | 中国人民解放军第五七一九工厂 | 一种使用光敏树脂的金相冷镶嵌装置及其方法 |
| EP3839626B1 (fr) * | 2019-12-18 | 2023-10-11 | Nivarox-FAR S.A. | Procede de fabrication d'un composant horloger |
| CN111834048B (zh) * | 2020-08-07 | 2022-08-05 | 杭州师范大学 | 基于离子液体的多功能柔性透明传感材料的制备方法 |
| CN113731519A (zh) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-12-03 | 上海化工研究院有限公司 | 一种热固性树脂微流控芯片及其制备方法 |
| CN114434709B (zh) * | 2021-12-28 | 2024-04-30 | 汕头大学 | 一种凹形微井和微通道的快速制作方法 |
| CN115711786B (zh) * | 2022-11-29 | 2025-02-28 | 河北雄安京德高速公路有限公司 | 一种制作板型沥青混凝土试件的轮碾机 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3568692A (en) * | 1967-11-27 | 1971-03-09 | Bowles Eng Corp | Optical machining process |
| JPH02289311A (ja) * | 1989-01-25 | 1990-11-29 | Hoya Corp | スタンパーおよびこのスタンパーを用いる情報記録媒体用基板の製造方法 |
| EP0784542B1 (fr) * | 1995-08-04 | 2001-11-28 | International Business Machines Corporation | Tampon lithographique |
| EP0802170A3 (fr) * | 1996-04-16 | 1997-11-05 | Corning Incorporated | Procédé et appareil de formage de structures nervurées en verre |
| US6572830B1 (en) * | 1998-10-09 | 2003-06-03 | Motorola, Inc. | Integrated multilayered microfludic devices and methods for making the same |
| JP2000194142A (ja) * | 1998-12-25 | 2000-07-14 | Fujitsu Ltd | パタ―ン形成方法及び半導体装置の製造方法 |
| FR2830206B1 (fr) * | 2001-09-28 | 2004-07-23 | Corning Inc | Dispositif microfluidique et sa fabrication |
| DE10238825A1 (de) * | 2002-08-23 | 2004-03-11 | Roche Diagnostics Gmbh | Mikrofluidische Systeme mit hohem Aspektverhältnis |
| JP4090374B2 (ja) * | 2003-03-20 | 2008-05-28 | 株式会社日立製作所 | ナノプリント装置、及び微細構造転写方法 |
| EP1694731B1 (fr) * | 2003-09-23 | 2012-03-28 | University Of North Carolina At Chapel Hill | Perfluoropolyethers photopolymerisables destines a etre utilises comme nouveaux materiaux dans des dispositifs microfluidiques |
| JP4726419B2 (ja) * | 2004-02-24 | 2011-07-20 | 京セラ株式会社 | 流路部材及び流路装置 |
| US20080213821A1 (en) * | 2004-05-06 | 2008-09-04 | Nanyang Technological University | Microfluidic Cell Sorter System |
| JP2006181407A (ja) * | 2004-12-27 | 2006-07-13 | Pentax Corp | Pdms製シート |
| US7479404B2 (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2009-01-20 | The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois | Photonic crystal biosensor structure and fabrication method |
-
2006
- 2006-07-17 FR FR0606457A patent/FR2903679B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-07-16 EP EP07823286A patent/EP2046676A2/fr not_active Ceased
- 2007-07-16 US US12/374,180 patent/US8636022B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-07-16 JP JP2009520008A patent/JP5684985B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-07-16 WO PCT/FR2007/001212 patent/WO2008009803A2/fr not_active Ceased
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| Title |
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| None * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP5684985B2 (ja) | 2015-03-18 |
| FR2903679A1 (fr) | 2008-01-18 |
| JP2009543702A (ja) | 2009-12-10 |
| WO2008009803A3 (fr) | 2008-12-31 |
| US20090250130A1 (en) | 2009-10-08 |
| WO2008009803A2 (fr) | 2008-01-24 |
| WO2008009803A4 (fr) | 2009-03-19 |
| US8636022B2 (en) | 2014-01-28 |
| FR2903679B1 (fr) | 2014-07-04 |
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