EP2042045B1 - Method and feeder for increasing efficiency of the expanding and drying process of organic plant materials, particularly in a jet drier and a feeder for use in the method - Google Patents

Method and feeder for increasing efficiency of the expanding and drying process of organic plant materials, particularly in a jet drier and a feeder for use in the method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2042045B1
EP2042045B1 EP08164389A EP08164389A EP2042045B1 EP 2042045 B1 EP2042045 B1 EP 2042045B1 EP 08164389 A EP08164389 A EP 08164389A EP 08164389 A EP08164389 A EP 08164389A EP 2042045 B1 EP2042045 B1 EP 2042045B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
feeder
expanding
gaseous medium
openings
organic plant
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08164389A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2042045A1 (en
Inventor
Arkadiusz Druzdzel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Tobacco Machinery Poland Sp zoo
Original Assignee
International Tobacco Machinery Poland Sp zoo
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2042045A1 publication Critical patent/EP2042045A1/en
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/04—Humidifying or drying tobacco bunches or cut tobacco
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/18—Other treatment of leaves, e.g. puffing, crimpling, cleaning
    • A24B3/182—Puffing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/10—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers
    • F26B17/101—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers the drying enclosure having the shape of one or a plurality of shafts or ducts, e.g. with substantially straight and vertical axis
    • F26B17/103—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by fluid currents, e.g. issuing from a nozzle, e.g. pneumatic, flash, vortex or entrainment dryers the drying enclosure having the shape of one or a plurality of shafts or ducts, e.g. with substantially straight and vertical axis with specific material feeding arrangements, e.g. combined with disintegrating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2200/22—Tobacco leaves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a feeder for increasing efficiency of the expanding and drying process of organic plant materials, particularly a jet drier, used particularly to dry comminuted tobacco materials.
  • Many methods are known in the art for expanding and drying comminuted organic plant materials, as well as many technological systems having dryers, particularly jet dryers, employing a gaseous drying agent, particularly overheated steam of a temperature in the range up to 400°C. These systems comprise rotating valves operating as valves dosing comminuted products, particularly fluids.
  • the material is fed gravitationally to the expanding and/or drying zone, as shown for example in US 6185843 .
  • this known method has practical limitations resulting from a possibility of blocking and jamming the fed material, particularly tobacco material in the outlet zone, resulting in nonuniformity of the material stream fed to the process. Additionally, this solution makes it difficult or practically makes it impossible to carry out a treatment by overpressure in which the working agent, e.g. steam flows in the drying channel under a pressure that is higher than the atmospheric pressure, causing losses (leakage) of the gaseous medium, for example air, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), or steam, through the fed layer of the organic material, particularly tobacco material, and condensation of water vapor on the material, moistening the material fed for drying.
  • the working agent e.g. steam flows in the drying channel under a pressure that is higher than the atmospheric pressure
  • the condensate layer on the material surface is not absorbed into the cellular structure of the material and stays on its surface being a useless insulator against the thermal energy until the direct contact with the expanding and/or drying medium.
  • Fig. 1 of the attached drawings shows exemplary known jet dryers using a gaseous drying agent, particularly overheated steam of a temperature up to 400°C.
  • organic plant material particularly comminuted tobacco material 1
  • a dosing and flow adjusting device 4 wherefrom, after the processing, the material is led out through a feeding and flow adjusting device 10.
  • the term expanding is understood here as increasing the specific volume of the processed material, measured in m 3 /g.
  • a side effect of the known methods for processing and feeding (transporting) organic plant materials, particularly tobacco materials, to the zone of a direct processing, i.e., the expanding and/or drying zone, is inter alia creation of undesired layer of surface moisture (water), chemically unbound, which will not be able to be absorbed into the cellular structure of the tobacco material before feeding it into the expanding and/or drying zone of access.
  • This layer constitutes a thermal insulation of varied thickness, which significantly hinders or even prevents the processing of the comminuted organic plant material, particularly tobacco material in any form, to be carried out in a homogenous, optimal in terms of quality, and watt-hour efficient manner.
  • the comparison of the specific heat, c p of both materials shows that one has to deliver about ten times more of thermal energy to heat up a unitary mass of water by one degree (°C or 1 K), than to heat up by one degree the same amount of copper.
  • the comparison of the thermal conductivities, ⁇ confirms that the water layer acts as a disadvantageous and a very efficient thermal insulator, i.e., a surface water layer of thickness of 1 mm stores as much thermal energy as a copper layer of thickness of about 600 mm (for the above mentioned data 665 times more).
  • a method is provided of increasing efficiency of the expanding and drying process of organic plant materials, particularly in a jet dryer used for comminuted organic plant materials, particularly comminuted tobacco materials, working with the use of a gaseous expanding and/or drying agent under an absolute operating pressure in the range from 2.5 kPa to 10 MPa, the gaseous expanding and/or drying agent being preferably overheated steam.
  • the method of the invention is characterized in that during transporting the material from the feeding zone to the zone of contact with the expanding and/or drying agent, a rotary vane feeder is flushed, preferably in a continuous manner, with a gaseous medium which is capable of absorbing moisture, under an absolute pressure in the range from 2.5 kPa to 10 MPa, the temperature of the gaseous medium being preferably in the range from 50 to 200°C, and residues of the gaseous expanding and/or drying agent are removed from the rotary vane feeder, wherein the transported material is saturated by means of the stream of the gaseous medium.
  • the transported material is heated up in the direct contact with the stream of the gaseous medium and residues of the surface moisture are removed from the surface of the material.
  • defibering process of the material is carried out by means of the stream of the gaseous medium.
  • a feeder is provided for increasing efficiency of the expanding and drying process of organic plant materials, particularly in a jet dryer used for comminuted organic plant materials, particularly comminuted tobacco materials, having vanes rotating within a housing.
  • the feeder of the invention is characterized in that two pairs of openings are formed in the housing of the feeder, one pair of the openings delivering gaseous medium to the moving spaces between vanes and the other pair of openings leading the gaseous medium out of the moving spaces between the vanes, the openings being oblong and located respectively in the walls of the housing of the feeder and arranged radially, with their longitudinal axes perpendicular to the inlet and the outlet axis of the material.
  • the openings are radially shifted relative to each other.
  • the feeder it is equipped with deflectors of the stream of the material.
  • the solution according to the invention assures uniformity and continuity of the processes in which optimal expansion and drying to a desired level is obtained.
  • Experts in the field of tobacco processing estimate this level to be in the range of 10 - 14% of humidity.
  • an inlet rotary valve is employed in a form of a rotary vane feeder 4, which is located between the feeding zone 6 and the expanding and/or drying zone, i.e., the processing zone 9.
  • a rotary vane feeder 4 Through the rotary vane feeder 4 the organic plant material, particularly tobacco material 1, 1A, is fed to the processing zone 9 in a manner, which eliminates or significantly reduces entering moist gaseous expanding and/or drying agent (also called process gas PG) to the feeding zone 6 of the organic plant material, particularly tobacco material 1.
  • moist gaseous expanding and/or drying agent also called process gas PG
  • Fig. 2 presents a cross-section of the feeder 4 which doses the organic plant material, particularly tobacco material 1, 1A to the processing zone 9.
  • a standard (typical) rotary valve has been modified by forming two zones, an active one and a passive one, which are shown in Fig. 4 .
  • the active zone the comminuted organic plant material, particularly tobacco 1, is transported to the processing zone 9.
  • the passive (return) zone only the gaseous expanding and/or drying agent PG is transported between the vanes of the valve.
  • the rotating vanes 3 define with the housing of the feeder 4 closed moving spaces into which a stream of the gaseous medium is delivered via openings 5 and/or 7.
  • the gaseous medium is then removed via openings 5A, 7A, the gaseous medium being for example hot air of a temperature from 50 to 150°C, under absolute pressure in the range from 2.5 kPa to 1 MPa.
  • the feeder 4 is equipped with feeding channels 13, 14 feeding the stream of the gaseous medium to the openings 5, 5A as well as channels 13A, 14A leading the stream of the gaseous medium out.
  • openings 7 and 7A may be shifted along the radius, as shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 , which lengthens the path of the gaseous medium stream in the flushed space.
  • PG gaseous expanding and/or drying agent
  • another shape and arrangement of the openings 5 and 5A may be applied so that they do not need to be shifted relative to each other, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3 .
  • the openings 5 and 7 delivering the gaseous medium 11 and/or 12 into the housing of the feeder 4 as well as the openings 5A and 7A leading the gaseous mixture 11A and 12A out are oblong openings arranged radially and perpendicularly to the inlet-outlet direction of the material 1-1A fed for expanding and/or drying processing, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4 .
  • deflectors 2, 2A,8 of the stream of the material are employed, as shown in Fig. 2 . Additionally, these deflectors advantageously lengthen the path of the contact between the vanes 3 and the housing of the feeder 4, which advantageously extends the duration of processing with the gaseous medium 11, 12. Simultaneously, as shown in Fig. 4 , the deflectors eliminate the adverse phenomenon of entering (leakage) of the gaseous medium delivered to the feeder 4, into the processing zone 9 as well as the feeding zone 6.
  • the expanding and/or drying agent is transported between the vanes 3 and the housing of the feeder 4.
  • the openings 5 and 7 are formed, as shown in Figs 2 and 3 , through which the gaseous medium 11 and/or 12, for example ambient air, is fed to the feeder, as well as the openings 5A and 7A, through which the gaseous mixture 11A and 12A is led out (sucked off).
  • the entire or significant amount of the gaseous expanding and/or drying agent (PG) constituting a carrier of moisture, particularly water vapor is removed from the feeder 4.
  • the said feeder 4 delivers the material 1 and forms a separation from the processing zone 9.
  • the absence of the saturated water vapor in the feeding zone 6 where the material 1 is fed to the feeder 4 reduces or even eliminates condensation of the water vapor (moisture) on the organic plant material, particularly tobacco material, fed to the process.
  • the material having no contact with a moist expanding and/or drying agent , particularly steam may be advantageously subjected to the influence of hot dry air (streams 11, 12 in Fig. 3 ), whereby the temperature (internal energy) of the organic plant material, particularly tobacco materialincreases, simultaneously allowing for removal of the residual layer of the surface moisture that remained after the previous processing without creating any additional disadvantageous layer of surface moisture.
  • the material Due to the contact between the comminuted, usually fibrous and swirled organic plant material, particularly tobacco material, fed to the process and the stream of the gaseous medium 11, 12, for example air, the material is defibred (disagglomerated), whereby the uniformity of the expanding and/or drying process of individual particles of the material is significantly increased. Also, due to this solution the expenditure of energy is significantly reduced , by eliminating the portion of energy necessary for removing the useless surface moisture, i.e., efficiency of the process is increased.
  • the expanding and/or drying agent (PG) taken from the processing zone 9 and enclosed between the vanes 3 of the feeder 4 is sucked off via the opening 5A and the channel 13A.
  • the expanding and/or drying agent (PG) is removed from the feeder 4 via the opening 5A situated radially, as shown in Fig. 3 , by the gaseous medium 11 delivered from outside, preferably air taken from the environment, delivered through the channel 13 and the opening 5, and then removed via the opening 5A and the channel 13A for optional further processing outside the feeder 4, for example for recovering thermal energy (enthalpy) from the waste stream of the gaseous mixture 11A.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
EP08164389A 2007-09-24 2008-09-16 Method and feeder for increasing efficiency of the expanding and drying process of organic plant materials, particularly in a jet drier and a feeder for use in the method Not-in-force EP2042045B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL383413A PL211482B1 (pl) 2007-09-24 2007-09-24 Sposób i dozownik do zwiększenia sprawności procesu napęczniania oraz suszenia materiałów organicznych, zwłaszcza w suszarce strumieniowej

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2042045A1 EP2042045A1 (en) 2009-04-01
EP2042045B1 true EP2042045B1 (en) 2012-12-05

Family

ID=40245850

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08164389A Not-in-force EP2042045B1 (en) 2007-09-24 2008-09-16 Method and feeder for increasing efficiency of the expanding and drying process of organic plant materials, particularly in a jet drier and a feeder for use in the method

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20090090374A1 (pl)
EP (1) EP2042045B1 (pl)
JP (1) JP5355011B2 (pl)
CN (1) CN101396168B (pl)
PL (1) PL211482B1 (pl)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2562780C1 (ru) * 2014-08-19 2015-09-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт табака, махорки и табачных изделий" (ФГБНУ ВНИИТТИ) Установка для сушки табачных листьев

Families Citing this family (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1404282B1 (it) * 2011-01-27 2013-11-15 Garbuio Spa Dispositivo per il raffreddamento del tabacco, particolarmente per un impianto per la essicazione del tabacco.
CN102679700A (zh) * 2012-05-16 2012-09-19 江苏诚信制药有限公司 一种制备丙谷二肽的工艺改进系统
CN104528291B (zh) * 2014-12-27 2016-12-21 蚌埠玻璃工业设计研究院 一种旋转下料阀
KR101718394B1 (ko) 2016-01-18 2017-03-22 주식회사 다산피앤지 경량벽체 프레임
CN106839753B (zh) * 2016-12-30 2018-10-30 山东中烟工业有限责任公司 一种适用于气流式干燥机进料气锁的导料罩结构
DE102017120626A1 (de) * 2017-09-07 2019-03-07 Hauni Maschinenbau Gmbh Konditionieren von Tabak
CN115486552B (zh) * 2022-11-07 2024-01-19 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 一种旋转式真空回潮设备及用于烟草物料的回潮方法

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EP1997393A2 (en) * 2007-05-30 2008-12-03 International Tobacco Machinery Poland Ltd Method of increasing the efficiency of drier, particularly a stream drier

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2562780C1 (ru) * 2014-08-19 2015-09-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт табака, махорки и табачных изделий" (ФГБНУ ВНИИТТИ) Установка для сушки табачных листьев

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP5355011B2 (ja) 2013-11-27
PL383413A1 (pl) 2009-03-30
JP2009159944A (ja) 2009-07-23
PL211482B1 (pl) 2012-05-31
US20090090374A1 (en) 2009-04-09
EP2042045A1 (en) 2009-04-01
CN101396168A (zh) 2009-04-01
CN101396168B (zh) 2013-03-13

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