EP2035251A1 - Architecture matérielle redondante pour l'étage de puissance d'un système de freinage d'un véhicule dont toutes les roues sont reliées chacune à au moins une machine électrique rotative - Google Patents
Architecture matérielle redondante pour l'étage de puissance d'un système de freinage d'un véhicule dont toutes les roues sont reliées chacune à au moins une machine électrique rotativeInfo
- Publication number
- EP2035251A1 EP2035251A1 EP07765448A EP07765448A EP2035251A1 EP 2035251 A1 EP2035251 A1 EP 2035251A1 EP 07765448 A EP07765448 A EP 07765448A EP 07765448 A EP07765448 A EP 07765448A EP 2035251 A1 EP2035251 A1 EP 2035251A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- wheel
- braking
- electrical
- electronic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
- B60L7/14—Dynamic electric regenerative braking for vehicles propelled by AC motors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L15/00—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
- B60L15/20—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed
- B60L15/2009—Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles for control of the vehicle or its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed for braking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/003—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to inverters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/40—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for controlling a combination of batteries and fuel cells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/006—Dynamic electric braking by reversing current, i.e. plugging
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
- B60L7/12—Dynamic electric regenerative braking for vehicles propelled by DC motors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/22—Dynamic electric resistor braking, combined with dynamic electric regenerative braking
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
- B60L2220/40—Electrical machine applications
- B60L2220/44—Wheel Hub motors, i.e. integrated in the wheel hub
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
- B60L2240/423—Torque
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
Definitions
- Redundant hardware architecture for the power stage of a braking system of a vehicle, all wheels of which are each connected to at least one rotary electric machine.
- the present invention relates to road vehicles. It relates in particular to the braking systems of a road vehicle with electric traction.
- Electric vehicles include vehicles in which the electrical energy necessary for their movement is stored in batteries and vehicles in which electrical energy is produced on board, by a heat engine driving a generator or by a battery. combustible.
- the traction of the vehicle is provided by one or more electrical machines.
- the braking of the vehicle is ensured by a conventional mechanical braking system.
- An electric machine being reversible, it can also be used as an electric generator during the braking phases of the vehicle and in this case it converts the mechanical braking energy into electrical energy that the vehicle must absorb, possibly by heat dissipation. This mode of operation is often called "electric braking" or
- the electric machines work as a generator to ensure a moderate deceleration of the vehicle, to recover as much as possible energy and store it in electric accumulators, or even to dispel it to lighten the solicitation of mechanical brakes of the vehicle.
- the main braking of a vehicle is indeed provided by mechanical brakes controlled hydraulically, usually assisted, and usually now provided with an anti-blocking function commonly referred to as "ABS".
- ABS anti-blocking function
- Braking is a key safety feature on a vehicle.
- the mechanical brakes are of significant power, capable of bringing the wheel to the blocking, power clipping being provided by the anti-blocking function, the clipping being related to the limit of adhesion.
- the braking system of a passenger vehicle is generally capable of decelerating the order of 1 "g", where g is the acceleration unit whose value "1" corresponds to Earth's gravity.
- the braking system of a passenger vehicle is generally organized in two separate hydraulic circuits, as described for example in the patent application US 2002/0021045.
- the invention relates to the electric braking systems of a road vehicle, forming an autonomous electrical system isolated from the environment, equipped with wheels which are connected in rotation each to at least one rotary electric machine, each electric machine rotary cooperating with a single wheel.
- an autonomous electrical system isolated from the environment, equipped with wheels which are connected in rotation each to at least one rotary electric machine, each electric machine rotary cooperating with a single wheel.
- ABS and ESP functions known under the names ABS and ESP
- the objective of the present invention is to improve the reliability of electric braking systems for electric traction vehicles.
- the aim is to propose an architecture of an electric braking system such that it is possible to suppress the mechanical brakes and to ensure the service braking function purely electrically.
- a low-voltage power supply stage for supplying power control and control electronics
- each of these stages has a certain level of redundancy.
- the redundancies proposed for each of the stages can be used each alone, or in combination with another. Of course, we raise the level of security by combining all the proposed redundancies.
- the dissipation installation comprises two electronic dissipation modules and two electrical dissipation resistors in order to always offer a certain deceleration capacity in the event of a failure of a resistor or its control module. This forms two subsystems arranged as shown below.
- a dissipation device controlled by an electronic dissipation module controlled by an electronic dissipation module
- An overcurrent protection device capable of electrically insulating said subsystem from the central power line.
- each of the wheels is mechanically connected to its or its own rotating electrical machines, each of said subsystems comprising two of said wheels.
- each subsystem groups the vehicle wheels arranged diagonally at opposite corners of the vehicle. It will be seen that this solution offers more safety than the dual hydraulic brake systems commonly used on automobiles.
- the low voltage power supply stage for supplying control electronics and control of the power elements comprises two independent voltage sources.
- Said low voltage power supply stage comprises a first low voltage power supply and at least a second low voltage power supply, the first power supply and the second power supply being interconnected by a low voltage electrical line comprising a first section and a second section, said line first and second sections being connected by an electrical separation device of the two sections, capable of interrupting the on-command interconnection in the event of undervoltage or over-current on one of them, each electronic control module of wheel one of the subsystems being powered by the first section and each electronic wheel control module of the other subsystems being powered by the second section.
- the first power supply consists for example of a voltage converter connected to the central power line.
- the electrical energy on this central line can come either from a main source, such as for example a fuel cell, an electrical energy storage device, or real-time recycling energy. There is also a redundancy of energy sources.
- the second power supply consists for example of a low voltage battery, dedicated to this low voltage power supply.
- this second voltage source a second voltage converter also connected to the central line or directly on the storage bench.
- the circulation stage of the brake control signals of the vehicle is built around two sensors connected mechanically, and preferably separately, to a braking control available to a driver, the sensors being operated from totally different way as explained below.
- the system according to the invention comprises, associated with a wheel at least, a mechanical braking device of the wheel controlled solely by a parking brake control.
- the parking brake device is controlled by an electric actuator controlled by a brake control unit which can be activated only under a longitudinal speed threshold of the vehicle, said threshold being for example less than 10 km / h.
- Figure 1 shows schematically a braking system of a four-wheeled vehicle, producing electrical energy on board
- Figure 2 is a diagram detailing the organized power level to present some hardware redundancy
- Figure 3 details the low voltage power supply level of the various control electronics
- Figure 4 details the level of the control lines between the control electronics of the various elements and the central unit.
- IA V GP our has the front left wheel
- IA V our DP has the front right wheel
- Each wheel is equipped with an electric machine that is mechanically coupled to it.
- We see the electric machines 2A V G> V D ⁇ A ⁇ ⁇ Arg and D ArD- years has the result, it will not resume indices specifically designating the position of the wheel 1 or the electric machine 2 in the vehicle when it does not add to the clarity of the presentation.
- the electrical traction machines 2 are three-phase synchronous machines, equipped with a resolver-type angular position sensor and are controlled by the electronic wheel control modules 23 to which they are connected by power lines 21.
- the electronic modules wheel steering 23 are designed to drive the electric machines in torque.
- the electrical machines can be used as motor and generator.
- Each of the rear wheels IArG and ⁇ ArD is further equipped with a mechanical braking device 71 of the wheel controlled by an electric actuator 7 controlled by a brake control unit.
- none of the wheels of the vehicle comprises a mechanical service brake.
- the braking is provided electrically, that is to say by driving the electric machines generator.
- Each wheel has one or more dedicated electrical machines in order to be able to generate a braking force selectively on each wheel, which one could not do with a common electric machine with several wheels, for example the wheels of an axle, because in this case there would be a mechanical transmission and a differential between the wheels.
- Electrical machines are sized appropriately to impose the highest possible braking force on each wheel.
- the system must include means capable of absorbing a high electrical power, which for example leads to install one or more electrical dissipation resistors cooled efficiently, for example by water circulation, known electric accumulators not being able to absorb the electrical power produced by an emergency braking or not being able to absorb all the electrical energy produced by long-term braking, except to install a capacity such that the weight of the vehicle would be really prohibitive.
- the invention makes it possible to form an autonomous electrical system isolated from the environment, without exchange of electrical energy with the outside of the vehicle, thus also applicable to motor vehicles, application of electric braking systems much more difficult than in the cases of vehicles connected to an electrical network such as trains or urban trams.
- an electrical machine mechanically coupled to the wheel. Note, however, that it will be advantageous to install a relatively large gear ratio, for example at least equal to 10 and preferably even greater than 15, so that the electric machine is not too bulky.
- An electric machine can be installed coaxially with the wheel, the mechanical connection being provided by an epicyclic gear train to provide the necessary reduction. It is also possible to adopt a configuration of the type described in patent application EP 0878332, preferably by adding a mechanical reduction stage.
- One can also choose to have several electrical machines whose couples add up. In this case, an electronic wheel module can drive several electrical machines in parallel installed in the same wheel.
- the invention is illustrated in an application to a vehicle ensuring the production of electrical energy on board.
- a fuel cell 4 delivering an electric current on a central electrical line 40.
- any other power supply means can be used, such as batteries.
- an electrical energy storage device constituted in this example by a bank of super capacitors 5, connected to the central electrical line 40 by an electronic recovery module 50.
- an electrical dissipation resistor 6 preferably dipped in a coolant discharging heat to an exchanger (not shown), constituting an energy absorbing device adapted to absorb the electrical energy produced by all the electrical machines during braking.
- the dissipation resistor 6 is connected to the central electrical line 40 by an electronic dissipation module 60.
- a central unit 3 manages various functions, including the electric traction system of the vehicle.
- the central unit 3 communicates with all the electronic wheel control modules 23 as well as with the electronic recovery module 50 via the electrical lines 30A (CAN bus ®).
- the central unit 3 also communicates with an acceleration control 33 via an electric line 30E, with a braking command 32 (service brakes) via an electric line 30F, and with a control 31 selecting the forward or reverse gear via a 30C power line. This allows to take into account the intentions of the driver.
- the central unit 3 also dialogs with a longitudinal acceleration sensor 34 via an electrical line 30D.
- the electronic recovery module 50 communicates with the electronic dissipation module 60 via an electrical line 30B.
- the central unit 3 manages the longitudinal movement of the vehicle. Said central unit 3 controls all the electronic wheel control modules 23.
- the central unit 3 has a vehicle braking operating mode activated by a vehicle braking control signal having a given amplitude representative of the total force desired braking effect for said vehicle. In braking mode, whatever the amplitude of the braking control signal, said central unit 3 controls all the electronic wheel control modules 23 so that the sum of the longitudinal forces of the set of wheels 1 from rotating electrical machines is a function of said amplitude of the brake control signal. In other words, there is no mechanical service brake; the electric braking system described here is the service brake of the vehicle. We also see a parking brake control 35.
- the actuator 7 of the mechanical wheel braking device is controlled via an electrical line 3OH only by this parking brake control 35, and absolutely not by the braking command 32.
- said parking brake control unit can not be activated. that under a longitudinal speed threshold of the vehicle rather low, for example less than 10 km / h.
- the central unit 3 orders the electronic wheel control modules 23 to power the electrical machines 2 by drawing the electric power on the central electrical line 40. This is supplied by the fuel cell 4 and / or the bank of super capacitors 5, according to the state of charge thereof and under the control of the unit Central 3.
- the vehicle is moving forward. Electrical machines 2 convert electrical energy into mechanical traction energy.
- the power used depends in particular on the position of the acceleration control 33.
- the central unit 3 When the driver actuates the brake pedal 32, the central unit 3 goes into braking mode. From the action of the driver on the brake pedal 32, the central unit 3 calculates a value of the brake control signal. Whatever the amplitude of the braking control signal, said central unit 3 controls all the electronic wheel control modules 23 so that the sum of the longitudinal forces of the set of wheels 1 is proportional to said amplitude of the brake control signal. The rotating electrical machines 2 then transform mechanical rotation energy into electrical energy.
- the electronic recovery module 50 distributes the braking energy so as to recharge the bank of super capacitors 5 and / or controls the electronic module dissipation 60 so as to dissipate the energy in the electrical dissipation resistor 6. It is understood that when the storage means such as super capacitors bank 5 are saturated, the entire energy must be dissipated.
- the power of the storage means may be limited, that is to say that the charging speed of the storage means may for example correspond to a slight braking as is commonly expected from a heat engine (the so-called "engine brake”). Beyond this braking level, the electrical power produced is then directed towards the dissipation means.
- the electrical dissipation resistor 6 is dimensioned and cooled so that all the electrical energy produced in emergency braking maneuvers, the most violent, can to be dissipated. In fact, it is advisable to size the chain formed by the rotary electrical machines 2, the electronic wheel control modules 23, the central electrical line 40, the electronic dissipation module 60 and the electrical dissipation resistor 6 according to similar criteria. severity than what is applied to mechanical braking systems.
- the set of electrical dissipation resistors 6 form a power absorbing device of power greater than 500 kW per ton of vehicle.
- F the force applied to the vehicle to brake it, if its mass is worth M (kg) and its speed is worth V (m / sec) and if ⁇ is the acceleration (m / sec2)
- F M * ⁇
- the maximum deceleration is 1 g, at 130 km / h
- the power per ton of vehicle is about 350 kW and it is about 500 kW at 160 km / h.
- Those skilled in the art will easily size the power of the energy absorbing device according to the characteristics of the vehicle he wants to build.
- each of these electrical dissipation resistors 6A and 6B is of power greater than 250 * M / 1000. kW.
- the central unit 3 orders the electronic wheel control modules 23 to reverse the operation of the rotating electrical machines 2, including in case of braking.
- the electrical traction machines 2 being equipped with a resolving type angular position sensor, each wheel 1 having its own rotary electric machine 2, it thus has a rotational speed sensor of each wheel. It is therefore advantageous to equip the system according to the invention with a device for controlling the sliding of each wheel in which, in braking mode (or even as soon as the driver lifts his foot off the accelerator pedal to cause what is called a motor brake), the steering torque of a wheel is decreased when the device slip control detects a slip of the wheel considered.
- a motor brake a device for controlling the sliding of each wheel in which, in braking mode (or even as soon as the driver lifts his foot off the accelerator pedal to cause what is called a motor brake), the steering torque of a wheel is decreased when the device slip control detects a slip of the wheel considered.
- the derivative of the rotation speed signal of each wheel can be calculated in real time, thus obtaining a signal representative of the acceleration / deceleration of each wheel and comparing it with a signal giving the actual acceleration / deceleration of the vehicle if we have a suitable sensor. It is the longitudinal acceleration sensor 34 already introduced above, or it is the fact of a processing of several signals for estimating the actual acceleration / deceleration of the vehicle. Therefore, the central unit 3 can order the electronic wheel control modules 23 to reduce the wheel drive torque (selectively wheel) when the slip control device detects a sliding of the wheel in question. Note that this torque reduction can be managed directly by the electronic wheel control modules which can react in real time with respect to the speed and acceleration measured on the wheel, the central unit transmitting, for example, speed and acceleration instructions. limit to be respected.
- the following description illustrates a particular non-limiting example, to build a system with sufficient hardware redundancy to be able to ensure a very high level of safety to the vehicle braking system.
- the electric braking system comprises two subsystems (A and B) connected to the central electrical line 40 via an overcurrent protection device 4 IA, respectively 4 IB, each of subsystems comprises two wheels each rotatably connected to at least one rotary electric machine 2 which is its own.
- the left front wheel and the right rear wheel, or more exactly the rotary electrical machines 2 and the electronic wheel control modules 23 associated therewith form the subsystem B.
- Each subsystem comprises an electrical dissipation resistor 6A, respectively 6B, each powered by an electronic dissipation module 6OA , respectively 6OB.
- the rotating electric machines 2 integrated wheels form a system that naturally has redundancy since each of the wheels has its own electric machine .
- the control electronics of these machines namely the electronic wheel control modules 23, also forms a system that has a hardware redundancy since each of these electrical machines 2 has its own control electronics.
- each of the rotary electrical machines 2 provides electrical power line 40 with electrical energy via the electronic wheel control modules 23.
- This energy can be stored in accumulators such as the super bench. capacitors 5 or be dissipated by the electrical power resistors 6A and 6B.
- the electrical resistance 6 is a crucial organ for I safety of operation.
- the electric power line 40 is a crucial element for the operational safety of the braking system of the vehicle by all-electric means. Different failure scenarios are discussed below.
- FIG 2 there is recognized the main source of electrical energy which, in this embodiment, is a fuel cell 4. It also shows the battery for storing electrical energy which, in this exemplary embodiment, is a bank of super capacitors 5 and its electronic recovery module 50.
- the low voltage power supply of the various electronic modules is provided on the one hand by a voltage converter 41 for converting the voltage available on the power line 40 to low voltage (for example 12 volts) used to power the different control electronics, and secondly by a battery 42 such as a battery conventionally used on a vehicle with 12 volts DC voltage.
- a voltage converter 41 for converting the voltage available on the power line 40 to low voltage (for example 12 volts) used to power the different control electronics
- a battery 42 such as a battery conventionally used on a vehicle with 12 volts DC voltage.
- the braking system is organized in two subsystems, namely the system A grouping the right front wheel and the left rear wheel and the system B grouping the left front wheel and right rear wheel.
- the subsystem A is connected to the power line 40 via an overcurrent protection device 4 IA.
- the subsystem B is connected to the power line 40 via an overcurrent protection device 4 IB.
- Each of the subsystems therefore comprises its own dissipation resistor 6A, 6B and each has its own control electronics 6OA, 6OB, and is connected to the power line 40 via an overcurrent protection device 41A, 41B capable of electrically isolating said subsystem from the central power line.
- a power line section 40A is connected to the electronic wheel control module 23 associated with the left rear wheel, the electronic wheel control module 23 associated with the right front wheel and finally to the electronic dissipation module 6OA associated with the dissipation resistor 6A.
- the electronic wheel control module 23 associated with the left rear wheel the electronic wheel control module 23 associated with the right front wheel
- the electronic dissipation module 6OA associated with the dissipation resistor 6A.
- the electric power produced by the subsystem A in electric braking can pass through the section of the uninterrupted power line 4OA and, via the overcurrent protection device 4 IA, back on the power line 40 and be routed via the power line 4OB to the electrical dissipation resistor 6B.
- the electrical dissipation resistor 6B therefore becomes common, in this case, to the subsystem A and the subsystem B. The result is identical if one considers a failure on the dissipation resistor 6A or on the electronic dissipation module 6OA making this dissipation circuit inoperative.
- the braking capacity of the electric braking system remains large, sufficient to provide emergency braking.
- each of the electrical dissipation resistors 6 is immersed in a hydraulic cooling circuit.
- the energy produced by the electric braking is sufficient to bring the cooling fluid to a boil.
- the vaporized fluid is immediately replaced by liquid phase cooling fluid, which licks the resistor again and the system continues to have a certain capacity to evacuate calories.
- the cooling system has a certain thermal inertia. The applicant's experiments have shown that, even in this case, the electric braking system remains much more powerful and effective than a cross-hydraulic braking system such as those currently used on motor vehicles.
- the electrical resistance dissipation 6A remains available for the rotary electric machine 2 associated with the right front wheel when it operates as a generator while the electrical dissipation resistor 6B is available for the subsystem B and for the rotary electric machine 2 associated with the wheel rear left, that is to say one of the rotating electrical machines 2 subsystem A.
- the dissipation power of the electrical dissipation resistors 6A and 6B depends on the proper operation of the cooling system. Indeed, they are immersed in a heat transfer fluid.
- Figure 3 schematically shows the cooling circuit. We see that it includes 2 pumps 8A and 8B and 2 radiators 8OA and 8OB.
- the 2 pumps 8A and 8B are connected in series and each is controlled by its own electric motor 81A and 8 IB respectively. Each of these electric motors is driven by its own control electronics 82A and 82B.
- the radiators 8OA and 8OB are connected in parallel and equipped with valves 83 which make it possible to isolate each of the radiators selectively in case of leakage to one of them.
- the pump assembly and pump actuation motor is dimensioned such that if one of the pumps is out of order, the other pump is capable of ensuring a sufficient flow of the coolant despite the that the other pump is no longer functional.
- a line 43 provides the interconnection between the voltage converter 41 and the battery 42.
- This line 43 comprises a first section 43 A and a second section 43B, said first and second sections being connected by an electrical separation device 430 of the two sections. in case of undervoltage or over-current on one of them.
- the two sections 43A and 43B are supplied with the same voltage. Some elements are connected to the first section 43A, each via an overcurrent protection device 434A. Some other elements are connected to the section 43B, each via an overcurrent protection device 434B.
- one of the motors 81A is connected to the first section 43A via its control electronics 82A.
- the other of the motors 8 IB is connected to the second section 43B via its control electronics 82B.
- the control electronics of the subsystem A namely the electronic wheel control module 23 associated with the rotary electric machine 2 of the right front wheel, the electronic wheel control module 23 associated with the rotary electric machine 2 of the left rear wheel and the electronic dissipation module 6OA of the dissipation resistor 6A are connected to the second section 43B while the same electronics of the subsystem B are connected to the first section 43A.
- the electronic recovery module 50 associated with the bank of super capacitors 5 is connected to the first section 43A only. Note that this type of dual connection could also be used for all electronics, including electronic wheel control modules 23.
- the Electrical separation device 430 interrupts the connection between the two sections 43A and 43B so as to preserve the functionality of the flawless section. It can thus be seen that if, for any reason, a large fault on the voltage converter 41 causes the electrical separation device 430 to interrupt the interconnection between the voltage converter 41 and the battery 42, the battery 42 can continue to supply power. low voltage control electronics associated with the subsystem A and the central unit and one of the 2 pumps of the hydraulic cooling circuit.
- the electrical separation device 430 can interrupt the interconnection and the voltage converter 41 can continue to supply the subsystem B, the unit central and one of the pumps of the hydraulic cooling circuit. It can therefore be seen that the architecture described makes it possible to maintain the operation of one of the two subsystems A or B and therefore half of the braking power of the vehicle is still available. Of course, by using the double connection of the low-voltage electronic supply for all the electronics, it is possible to maintain, even in this case of defect, the totality of the braking power.
- the system according to the invention comprises a central unit 3 which controls all the electronic wheel control modules 23.
- the system according to the invention comprises a braking control 32 at the disposal of a conductor, said control being mechanically connected to at least a first sensor C1 delivering a brake control signal of the vehicle having a given amplitude representative of the total braking force desired for the vehicle, and a second sensor C2 delivering a control signal braking of the vehicle having a given amplitude representative of the total braking force desired for the vehicle.
- the sensor C1 is supplied with low voltage electrical energy by the central unit 3. It delivers the control signal to the central unit 3 and the central unit 3 receives the braking command signal only from the sensor C1 to create the control signals. overall control of the braking of the vehicle of a first level.
- the central unit 3 comprises the appropriate circuits for monitoring the presence of voltage on the supply line of the sensor C1, and the integrity of the control signal on the line 30F, in order to manage a fault information of the conditioning circuit of the sensor C1.
- the second sensor C2 is powered by the electronic wheel control modules 23 associated with each of the electric machines. Said second sensor C2 delivers its control signal to each of the electronic wheel control modules 23.
- a diode 230 is located in the supply line between each of the control electronics 23 and the sensor C2.
- an appropriate circuit 231, in each of the wheel drive modules 23, monitors the presence of voltage on each of the four supply lines, in order to send a fault signal in the event of failure of one of the four power electric. It will be seen in the following paragraph that the sensor C2 is directly associated with the wheel control electronics 23 and only with the wheel control electronics 23.
- the low voltage power supply stage comprises a first power supply and at least a second power supply, the first power supply and the second power supply being interconnected by an electrical line 43 comprising a first section 43A and a second power supply. section 43B, said first and second sections being connected by an electrical separation device 430 of the two sections, capable of interrupting the interconnection on command, in case of undervoltage or over-current on one of them .
- Said first sensor C1 is powered by the same section as the central unit 3 and said second sensor C2 is powered by both a wheel control electronics 23 of one (A) subsystems and by a control electronics wheel 23 of the other (B) subsystems via a pair of diodes insulating said power supplies.
- the central unit 3 is interconnected with each of the electronic wheel control modules 23 and with the electronic recovery module 50 by a CAN ® bus (Control Area Network, designated by the reference 30A) allowing the transfer of control orders in computer form.
- the central unit 3 is responsible for the appropriate software to be able to take into account all the desirable parameters in order to develop a braking command signal that is sent to the different electronics driving the electrical machines according to the protocols required to travel on the CAN bus 30A. .
- the central unit 3 sends said signal clocked on the bus 30A with a periodicity of the order of 10 to 20 ms and each wheel control electronic module 23 controls this periodicity.
- each of the electronic wheel control modules 23 also directly receives analog signals delivered by the sensor C2, this time via analog lines 300. It should also be noted that each wheel control module 23 has the appropriate circuits for monitoring the integrity. of the control signal on the line 300, in order to manage fault information in the event of failure of the conditioning circuit of the sensor C2. Finally, control lines 3OB connect the electronic recovery module 50 to the electronic dissipation modules 60 A and 6OB.
- the electronic dissipation modules 6OA and 6OB retain the possibility of dissipating the braking power which rises on the power line 40 in an autonomous manner, without receiving on line 30B.
- the principle of subsets A and B remains fully operational for braking but without the possibility of storing energy since in the latter case, the electronic module 50 recovery is out of service.
- the control of the electrical machines 2 is provided directly by an electronic wheel control module 23 particular to each of the electrical machines 2.
- the latter is responsible for the appropriate software to control each electric machine in torque according to the received control signals.
- Each electronic wheel control module 23 receives braking control signals on the one hand on the bus 30A and on the other hand on the analog line 300 delivering the signal of the sensor C2.
- Each electronic wheel control module 23 can therefore compare at any time the control signal delivered on the bus 30A and the control signal delivered by the analog line 300 and, within a certain tolerance, for example of the order of 10 at 20% according to experimental determinations, give priority to the braking control signal from the bus 30A. This is the normal operating mode.
- the braking command signal sent by the bus 30A was much lower than the braking control signal from directly analog C2 sensor, priority can be given to the control signal from the sensor C2 to ensure the safety of braking operation of the vehicle.
- the proposed architecture performs a different operation of the signals delivered by each of the sensors C1 and C2.
- the sensor C1 is associated with the central unit 3 and makes it possible to calculate a global first level braking signal.
- the control signal delivered by the sensor C2 is directly delivered by analog means by appropriate lines to the electronic wheel control modules 23. Overall consistency is ensured by comparing the different signals.
- This type of brake control is taken into account by the central unit 3, more precisely by the software implanted in the central unit 3, and is routed to the control electronics 23 of each of the electrical machines via the CAN bus 30A.
- This can provide braking safety even in the event of breakage of the brake pedal.
- this can ensure a braking operation safety in case of rupture of the 2 sensors or failure of the attachment of the 2 brake sensors C2 and C2. If only the mechanical connection of one of the 2 sensors C1 or C2 or one of the two sensors is defective, of course the safety of operation in braking is ensured as explained in the previous paragraph. But in this case, one can for example allow the end of the trip and, after stopping the vehicle, prohibit restarting.
- the hardware redundancy that has just been exposed is used in combination with a software redundancy, advantageously both for the software loaded in the CPU 3 and those loaded in the electronic control modules. In this way, a high degree of safety of the vehicle braking system is achieved by a completely electric way.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0606020A FR2902708B1 (fr) | 2006-06-26 | 2006-06-26 | Architecture materielle redondante pour l'etage de puissance d'un systeme de freinage d'un vehicule dont toutes les roues sont reliees chacune a au moins une machine electrique rotative |
| PCT/EP2007/055967 WO2008000636A1 (fr) | 2006-06-26 | 2007-06-15 | Architecture matérielle redondante pour l'étage de puissance d'un système de freinage d'un véhicule dont toutes les roues sont reliées chacune à au moins une machine électrique rotative |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2035251A1 true EP2035251A1 (fr) | 2009-03-18 |
Family
ID=37649565
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07765448A Withdrawn EP2035251A1 (fr) | 2006-06-26 | 2007-06-15 | Architecture matérielle redondante pour l'étage de puissance d'un système de freinage d'un véhicule dont toutes les roues sont reliées chacune à au moins une machine électrique rotative |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8449049B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP2035251A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP5335672B2 (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR101444959B1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN101505991A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2902708B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2008000636A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2921310B1 (fr) | 2007-09-20 | 2011-04-29 | Michelin Soc Tech | Architecture materielle redondante pour l'etage de signaux de commande d'un systeme de freinage d'un vehicule dont toutes les roues sont reliees chacune a au moins une machine electrique rotative |
| FR2923436B1 (fr) | 2007-11-09 | 2010-04-09 | Michelin Soc Tech | Systeme de controle du comportement d'un vehicule comportant une determination de sa vitesse par rapport au sol |
| FR2923437B1 (fr) | 2007-11-09 | 2010-04-09 | Michelin Soc Tech | Systeme de controle du comportement d'un vehicule comportant une determination du coefficient d'adherence de roue |
| US8676466B2 (en) * | 2009-04-06 | 2014-03-18 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Fail-safe speed profiles for cooperative autonomous vehicles |
| FR2953077B1 (fr) | 2009-11-26 | 2013-07-05 | Michelin Soc Tech | Onduleur de pilotage d'un moteur electrique synchrone comportant un regulateur integre. |
| FR2959836B1 (fr) * | 2010-05-07 | 2012-06-01 | Messier Bugatti | Procede de gestion d'un mouvement de lacet d'un aeronef roulant au sol. |
| CN201761646U (zh) * | 2010-05-07 | 2011-03-16 | 威海广泰空港设备股份有限公司 | 带电动泵的集装箱升降平台车双动力装置 |
| FR2975243B1 (fr) | 2011-05-13 | 2013-04-26 | Michelin Soc Tech | Dispositif et procede de gestion du freinage electrique d'un vehicule |
| FR2975242B1 (fr) | 2011-05-13 | 2013-04-26 | Michelin Soc Tech | Dispositif et procede de gestion du freinage electrique d'un vehicule |
| KR101219350B1 (ko) * | 2011-09-20 | 2013-01-21 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 차량의 인휠 모터를 이용한 휠속 감지 장치 및 이의 제어 방법 |
| EP2583854B1 (fr) * | 2011-10-21 | 2017-06-21 | Volvo Car Corporation | Ensemble de moteur |
| DE102014221036A1 (de) * | 2014-10-16 | 2016-04-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Steuersystem für zumindest einen als Generator einsetzbaren elektrischen Motor eines Fahrzeugs und Bremssystem für ein Fahrzeug |
| FR3036354A1 (fr) | 2015-05-20 | 2016-11-25 | Michelin & Cie | Procede de determination d'une vitesse limite de roulage |
| US20160363647A1 (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2016-12-15 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Vehicle positioning in intersection using visual cues, stationary objects, and gps |
| GB2555834A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2018-05-16 | Airbus Operations Ltd | Braking energy dissipation |
| GB2560958B (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2022-08-31 | Bowman Power Group Ltd | Power electronics system comprising parallel inverters |
| FR3067321B1 (fr) * | 2017-06-12 | 2020-08-14 | Foundation Brakes France | Modification de la trajectoire d'une roue de vehicule en cas de defaillance de systeme de direction |
| US11447108B1 (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2022-09-20 | Creed Monarch, Inc. | Braking control system and method to sysnchronize the operation of the braking of a towed vehicle |
| CN113002511B (zh) * | 2019-12-21 | 2022-09-09 | 瀚德万安(上海)电控制动系统有限公司 | 一种电子机械制动系统 |
| CN114683867B (zh) * | 2020-12-25 | 2024-09-13 | 浙江菜鸟供应链管理有限公司 | 轮毂电机、轮胎、运载工具及其制动方法 |
| US12115882B2 (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2024-10-15 | Dana Italia S.R.L. | Method and system for vehicle braking |
Family Cites Families (59)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1212649B (it) | 1982-01-06 | 1989-11-30 | Ferrero Spa | Dispositivo per il ricupero dell energia cinetica di un autoveicolo nelle fasi di frenatura e la riuti lizzazione di tale energia nelle fasi di accelerazione |
| JP2863234B2 (ja) * | 1989-12-27 | 1999-03-03 | アイシン・エィ・ダブリュ株式会社 | 電動車両 |
| DE4011291A1 (de) * | 1990-04-06 | 1991-10-17 | Magnet Motor Gmbh | Elektrofahrzeug mit einzeln gesteuerten antriebs-elektromotoren |
| JP3184210B2 (ja) * | 1990-10-03 | 2001-07-09 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 電気自動車 |
| DE4192435C1 (de) * | 1990-10-03 | 2002-08-29 | Hitachi Ltd | Steuerung für Elektrofahrzeug |
| US5245294A (en) * | 1991-03-08 | 1993-09-14 | General Electric Company | Method for evaluating operability of filter components in power conversion system |
| US5418437A (en) | 1992-11-16 | 1995-05-23 | Hydro-Quebec | Motor vehicle drive system for a motor vehicle having an electric motor system, and a method of operating said drive system |
| US5345154A (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 1994-09-06 | General Electric Company | Electric continuously variable transmission and controls for operation of a heat engine in a closed-loop power-control mode |
| EP0622264B1 (fr) * | 1993-04-28 | 1998-11-11 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Système et méthode d'entraínement de véhicule électrique |
| JP3505826B2 (ja) * | 1994-11-29 | 2004-03-15 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 電気自動車の回生制動装置 |
| US5589743A (en) * | 1995-03-03 | 1996-12-31 | General Electric Company | Integrated cranking inverter and boost converter for a series hybrid drive system |
| DE19510525A1 (de) * | 1995-03-23 | 1996-09-26 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung bzw. Regelung der Bremsanlage eines Fahrzeugs |
| DE19521175C1 (de) * | 1995-06-10 | 1996-07-11 | Continental Ag | Elektrisch regelbares Bremssystem |
| DE19537464B4 (de) * | 1995-10-07 | 2004-03-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Elektromotorisch betreibbare Radbremse für Fahrzeuge |
| DE19548392C2 (de) * | 1995-12-22 | 2001-05-17 | Siemens Ag | Bremsanlage für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
| KR100204703B1 (ko) * | 1995-12-27 | 1999-06-15 | 정몽규 | 자동차용 제동력 보조시스템의 에너지 재생장치 |
| KR970040741A (ko) * | 1995-12-30 | 1997-07-24 | 전성원 | 차량에서 보조 브레이크 제동장치를 가지는 브레이크 제동장치 |
| JP3451848B2 (ja) * | 1996-09-10 | 2003-09-29 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 電気自動車の駆動制御装置 |
| FR2763284A1 (fr) | 1997-05-16 | 1998-11-20 | Conception & Dev Michelin Sa | Ensemble comportant une roue et une suspension integree a la roue |
| DE19737871A1 (de) | 1997-08-29 | 1999-03-04 | Heinz Dipl Ing May | Hybridantriebe für Kraftfahrzeuge mit Allradantrieb |
| DE19742988C1 (de) * | 1997-09-29 | 1999-01-28 | Siemens Ag | Bremsanlage für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
| JP3184888B2 (ja) * | 1997-10-24 | 2001-07-09 | 富士電機株式会社 | 産業用車両の走行駆動装置 |
| US6345225B1 (en) * | 1997-11-22 | 2002-02-05 | Continental Teves Ag & Co., Ohg | Electromechanical brake system |
| JP2001523618A (ja) * | 1997-11-22 | 2001-11-27 | コンティネンタル・テーベス・アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト・ウント・コンパニー・オッフェネ・ハンデルスゲゼルシヤフト | 電気機械式ブレーキ装置 |
| FR2776966B1 (fr) | 1998-04-06 | 2000-05-05 | Conception & Dev Michelin Sa | Roue comportant un ou plusieurs moteurs de traction integres |
| DE19826131A1 (de) * | 1998-06-12 | 1999-12-16 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Elektrisches Bremssystem für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
| US6685281B2 (en) * | 1998-07-01 | 2004-02-03 | 55 Brake Company | Parking brake control system |
| DE19840944B4 (de) | 1998-09-08 | 2004-10-21 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Sicherheitsrelevantes System, insbesondere elektromechanisches Bremssystem |
| JP2000188801A (ja) * | 1998-12-24 | 2000-07-04 | Tcm Corp | 産業用車両 |
| JP2000225935A (ja) | 1999-02-03 | 2000-08-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | 電気制御ブレーキシステム |
| DE19937159B4 (de) | 1999-08-06 | 2019-03-21 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Elektrisch gesteuertes Bremssystem |
| JP3561897B2 (ja) * | 2000-06-13 | 2004-09-02 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 車両用ブレーキ装置 |
| DE60135812D1 (de) | 2000-07-17 | 2008-10-30 | Michelin Rech Tech | Stator einer drehenden elektrischen Maschine |
| JP4091422B2 (ja) | 2000-10-25 | 2008-05-28 | コンセプション エ デヴロップマン ミシュラン,ソシエテ アノニム | 回転電気装置と、その製造方法 |
| US7379797B2 (en) * | 2001-01-31 | 2008-05-27 | Oshkosh Truck Corporation | System and method for braking in an electric vehicle |
| DE60201615T8 (de) | 2001-03-14 | 2006-08-24 | Conception Et Development Michelin S.A. | Fahrzeug mit Super-Kondensator zur Bremsenergie-Rückgewinnung |
| JP4396066B2 (ja) | 2001-08-07 | 2010-01-13 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 電動ブレーキ装置 |
| US6787951B2 (en) | 2001-10-01 | 2004-09-07 | Wavecrest Laboratories, Llc | Rotary electric motor having controller and power supply integrated therein |
| AU2003215041A1 (en) | 2002-01-30 | 2003-09-02 | Michael Frederick Johnson | Electric motor drive assembly and its use in a hybridvehicle |
| US6909200B2 (en) * | 2002-02-28 | 2005-06-21 | Azure Dynamics Inc. | Methods of supplying energy to an energy bus in a hybrid electric vehicle, and apparatuses, media and signals for the same |
| US7023224B2 (en) * | 2002-03-18 | 2006-04-04 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Low power absolute position sensor and method |
| JP3852400B2 (ja) * | 2002-11-29 | 2006-11-29 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両制御装置 |
| ATE410325T1 (de) | 2002-12-11 | 2008-10-15 | Conception & Dev Michelin Sa | Serieller hybridantriebsstrang und steuerungsverfahren dafür |
| FR2850071B1 (fr) | 2003-01-22 | 2006-01-20 | Renault Sas | Boitier de distribution pour systeme de freinage electromecanique de vehicule automobile et systeme de controle du fonctionnement d'un systeme de freinage pourvu d'un tel boitier de distribution |
| WO2004071800A1 (fr) * | 2003-02-06 | 2004-08-26 | Wavecrest Laboratories Llc | Vehicule electrique adaptatif |
| US6880654B2 (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2005-04-19 | Paul J. Plishner | Vehicle with a distributed motor |
| JP2004304909A (ja) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-10-28 | Nippon Sharyo Seizo Kaisha Ltd | ハイブリッド車両用インバータの回生吸収システム |
| US7359786B2 (en) * | 2003-09-29 | 2008-04-15 | Haldex Brake Products Ab | Control and power supply network for vehicle braking system |
| DE10357373B4 (de) | 2003-12-09 | 2006-08-24 | Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH | Elektronisches Bremssystem für ein Fahrzeug |
| KR100534718B1 (ko) * | 2003-12-30 | 2005-12-07 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 4륜 하이브리드 전기 자동차의 회생 제동 제어방법 |
| JP2005204436A (ja) * | 2004-01-16 | 2005-07-28 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 車輪独立駆動式電気自動車の駆動力制御装置 |
| EP1562099A1 (fr) * | 2004-02-09 | 2005-08-10 | SAP Aktiengesellschaft | Procédé et système informatique pour le chiffrage d'un document |
| US20050225165A1 (en) | 2004-04-13 | 2005-10-13 | Naik Sanjeev M | Brake by-wire control system |
| WO2005110829A1 (fr) | 2004-05-13 | 2005-11-24 | Haldex Brake Products Ab | Reseau de commande et d'alimentation pour systeme de freinage de vehicule |
| KR100598805B1 (ko) * | 2004-06-17 | 2006-07-10 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 사륜구동 전기자동차의 회생제동 제어 방법 및 시스템 |
| US7439634B2 (en) | 2004-08-24 | 2008-10-21 | Honeywell International Inc. | Electrical starting, generation, conversion and distribution system architecture for a more electric vehicle |
| US7439711B2 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2008-10-21 | Oshkosh Corporation | Energy storage device including a status indicator |
| JP4556643B2 (ja) * | 2004-12-01 | 2010-10-06 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両の制駆動力制御装置 |
| WO2007107576A1 (fr) | 2006-03-23 | 2007-09-27 | Michelin Recherche Et Technique S.A. | Système de freinage électrique d'un véhicule routier, à contrôle totalement électrique |
-
2006
- 2006-06-26 FR FR0606020A patent/FR2902708B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-06-15 WO PCT/EP2007/055967 patent/WO2008000636A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2007-06-15 KR KR1020087031342A patent/KR101444959B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-06-15 CN CNA2007800316958A patent/CN101505991A/zh active Pending
- 2007-06-15 JP JP2009517100A patent/JP5335672B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-06-15 EP EP07765448A patent/EP2035251A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-06-15 US US12/306,591 patent/US8449049B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2008000636A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2009542183A (ja) | 2009-11-26 |
| US20090272608A1 (en) | 2009-11-05 |
| US8449049B2 (en) | 2013-05-28 |
| KR101444959B1 (ko) | 2014-09-26 |
| FR2902708B1 (fr) | 2015-03-27 |
| CN101505991A (zh) | 2009-08-12 |
| JP5335672B2 (ja) | 2013-11-06 |
| WO2008000636A1 (fr) | 2008-01-03 |
| FR2902708A1 (fr) | 2007-12-28 |
| KR20090023628A (ko) | 2009-03-05 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP2035249B1 (fr) | Architecture matérielle redondante pour l'étage d'alimentation basse tension d'un système de freinage d'un véhicule dont toutes les roues sont reliées chacune à au moins une machine électrique rotative | |
| EP2035251A1 (fr) | Architecture matérielle redondante pour l'étage de puissance d'un système de freinage d'un véhicule dont toutes les roues sont reliées chacune à au moins une machine électrique rotative | |
| EP2035250A1 (fr) | Architecture materielle redondante pour l'etage de signaux de commande d'un systeme de freinage d'un vehicule dont toutes les roues sont reliees chacune a au moins une machine electrique rotative. | |
| WO2009037352A1 (fr) | Architecture matérielle redondante pour l'étage de signaux de commande d'un système de freinage d'un véhicule dont toutes les roues sont reliées chacune à au moins une machine électrique rotative. | |
| EP2001700A1 (fr) | Système de freinage électrique d'un véhicule routier, à contrôle totalement électrique | |
| EP2070818B1 (fr) | Procédé d'alimentation en énergie d'actionneurs associés à un train d'atterrissage d'aéronef | |
| EP1588889B1 (fr) | Chaîne de traction électrique pour véhicule à pile à combustible, comportant une résistance électrique de dissipation | |
| WO2013131899A1 (fr) | Réseau ferroviaire électrique et procédé d'échange d'énergie associé | |
| FR2995262A1 (fr) | Procede et unite de commande d'actionneurs d'un vehicule dans un fonctionnement d'urgence | |
| FR2898836A1 (fr) | Chaine de traction electrique pour vehicule. | |
| FR2935125A1 (fr) | Systeme de gestion d'un mode roue libre d'un vehicule automobile a moteur thermique. | |
| EP1542882A2 (fr) | Procede et dispositif de transmission de puissance pour un vehicule hybride | |
| WO2016059356A2 (fr) | Véhicule hybride et procédé d'hybridation d'un véhicule | |
| EP2150443A2 (fr) | Procede de commande d'antivol electrique pour vehicule et systeme antivol de mise en oeuvre | |
| FR2941406A1 (fr) | Vehicule a deux ou trois roues a propulsion electrique | |
| FR3109751A1 (fr) | Freinage régénératif couplé à un freinage par injection de courant pour un véhicule électrique | |
| FR2966393A3 (fr) | Dispositif de controle de freinage d'un vehicule electrique. | |
| FR2845057A1 (fr) | Procede de freinage electrique pour vehicule | |
| FR2939750A1 (fr) | Module et systeme de controle et/ou de commande de plusieurs fonctions electroniquement pilotees par plusieurs modules dans un vehicule automobile |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20090126 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL BA HR MK RS |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20110303 |
|
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: COMPAGNIE GENERALE DES ETABLISSEMENTS MICHELIN Owner name: MICHELIN RECHERCHE ET TECHNIQUE S.A. |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18W | Application withdrawn |
Effective date: 20160309 |