EP2018644A2 - Photovoltaische zelle - Google Patents
Photovoltaische zelleInfo
- Publication number
- EP2018644A2 EP2018644A2 EP07725175A EP07725175A EP2018644A2 EP 2018644 A2 EP2018644 A2 EP 2018644A2 EP 07725175 A EP07725175 A EP 07725175A EP 07725175 A EP07725175 A EP 07725175A EP 2018644 A2 EP2018644 A2 EP 2018644A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- cell according
- dye
- metal oxide
- fibers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000987 azo dye Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000002294 plasma sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012799 electrically-conductive coating Substances 0.000 claims 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 10
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- XPDXVDYUQZHFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dansyl Chloride Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N(C)C)=CC=CC2=C1S(Cl)(=O)=O XPDXVDYUQZHFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 4
- JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,4-diol;bis(4-fluorophenyl)methanone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JUPQTSLXMOCDHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920002538 Polyethylene Glycol 20000 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002001 electrolyte material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010327 methods by industry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001115 scanning electrochemical microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003106 tissue adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2095—Light-sensitive devices comprising a flexible sustrate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2068—Panels or arrays of photoelectrochemical cells, e.g. photovoltaic modules based on photoelectrochemical cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2027—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode
- H01G9/2031—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode comprising titanium oxide, e.g. TiO2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/341—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes
- H10K85/344—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes comprising ruthenium
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/542—Dye sensitized solar cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a photovoltaic cell according to the preamble of the main claim, in particular a so-called.
- a generic device is well known in the art and is often referred to as a Grätzel cell, according to the inventor of US 4,927,721, which discloses essential structural features and photovoltaic or chemical details of the present technology, which is believed to be generic.
- the external electrodes are realized as thin, conductive glass substrates (to allow light to enter the cell), taking advantage of the effect that incident light excites an electron from the dye layer and enters the TiO 2 conduction band, resulting in a state of charge separation is reached.
- the charge in the conduction band is then conducted via a load to the counter electrode, where a redox electrolyte is reduced, which in turn leads to the reduction of the (oxidized) dye.
- the representation of FIG. 4 illustrates this basic process in a two-dimensional arrangement of sequence or geometry of the individual layers in the horizontal and the energy level in the vertical.
- the titanium dioxide typically having a large effective surface area
- a surface roughness of between about 20 and 200 defined as the ratio of an effective surface area with respect to the projected base area, eg by a nano-particulate structure
- the titanium dioxide is in the inherent brittleness of the material, with the associated mechanical stability problem.
- such a metal oxide layer adheres only poorly on a (conductive) polymer as a carrier substrate.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide an improved photoelectric cell, in particular a solar cell of the DNSC type, which combines improved mechanical flexibility of the end product with favorable production properties, advantageous photoelectric properties and good long-term stability.
- a cell is to create, which is potentially manufacturable for mass production with little effort and a high reproducibility of the photoelectric properties also outside the small series or laboratory environment allowed.
- a fabric is used as the basis for the conductive substrate according to the invention (complementary or alternatively also for realization) the counterelectrode), this flexible fabric offering numerous surprising advantages for solving the above-mentioned problem: Even if the fibrous material should be used which itself is not transparent, the use of a tissue, more preferably a tissue with predetermined Breakthroughs and / or fabric gaps, an adjustable or predetermined and advantageous transparency of the carrier substrate and thus potentially also of the overall arrangement. Even a fabric as such already offers a potentially large effective surface area (for example, by means of the individual jacket surfaces).
- the fiber-interwoven fibers so that, with subsequent coating of the (in turn high surface area) metal oxide semiconductor material, an effective total area exists as a basis for the overlying (preferably monomolecular) dye layer, thus - to realize one so far Unmatched high efficiency - efficiency and stability can be optimized.
- the inherently high effective surface area of the fabric makes it possible to apply the metal oxide semiconductor material only very thinly, preferably nano-particulate and / or nano-structured in a further development, with correspondingly positive effects on the efficiency - a lower dark current through a shorter distance to the conductive layer of the substrate for the electron and improved mechanical stability due to less brittleness of the thin coating). Also, this configuration allows the effective use of a much wider range of suitable dyes (especially those with lower extinction coefficients).
- the tissue used according to the invention allows numerous possible configurations in order to achieve these advantageous effects.
- suitable copper, titanium or aluminum fibers can be used as examples of conductive fibers.
- conductive layer may in turn be a (eg suitably doped) metal oxide, a metal or a conductive polymer. It is also particularly suitable to use the fabric itself in order to guide the lines required for feeding in or discharging the charges to corresponding terminal electrodes of the solar cell; According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, this is done by the fact that these leads in the form of metallic wires (which traditionally must be elaborately formed approximately on the conductive glass plates known solar cells) in the context of the development of the invention during the manufacture of the fabric with the other fibers are woven , In this way, in addition to favorable mechanical flexibility and connection properties, a favorable electrical contact is ensured (again with positive effects on the efficiency by reducing ohm 1 shear contact resistance).
- nanostructured TiO 2 or ZnO is used as metal oxide semiconductor material, since the above-described optimization between mechanical stability and elasticity with the desired effective surface area can be achieved here.
- this material dispersed in a suitable solvent, is also applied to the fabric by impregnation and pressed after drying (volatilization of the solvent).
- suitable methods which produce a favorable connection with the tissue without adversely affecting it are, for example, sintering, the so-called sol-gel method or sputtering.
- a thin dye layer is then applied to the composite of (conductive) fabric-based fabric substrate with metal oxide semiconductor layer, again by a suitable solution.
- Ru-based metal complexes as also organic dyes, wherein in the context of the selection of the dye layer according to the invention ensures that the energy levels of the dye, the semiconductor and the electrolyte are coordinated with each other to run the desired photochemical and -elektrischen processes optimized.
- a further, preferred embodiment of the present invention provides that the electrolyte layer according to the invention (for example by using an acrylate resin or another, deformable and curable polymer) in a liquid or flow state, the deformation of the cells according to the invention in an almost arbitrary , allows the desired shape (in particular also for adaptation to an intended use environment, eg in the construction or building sector), whereupon this material is then hardenable and thus permanently fixes the shape in its design.
- the electrolyte layer suitably comprises a solvent, a redox couple and, if appropriate, additives which, in the manner of the construction with glass-fiber reinforced plastics, can enable mechanically very stable units, at the same time realizing the photochemical or photoelectric properties of a DNSC solar cell.
- a lateral light entry ie light input in the plane of the tissue
- photoconductive fibers as fibers for the fabric or films or thin glass layers through which then end- or Light can be introduced on the face side and, after appropriate modification of the fibers or light guide, can emerge on the shell side into the further, photoelectrically active layers of the cell arrangement (according to the present invention, a conventional direction of the light input would otherwise occur from the side of the conductive carrier substrate which, particularly suitable by the tissue used according to the invention, suitably transparent).
- the substrates used need not be transparent.
- the encapsulation can be optimized, since, in principle, the light-introducing layer can have an arbitrary thickness, and it is also a suitable adjustment or control of the light entry wavelength possible.
- the present invention in a surprisingly elegant and manufacturing technology favorable manner how flexible solar cells can be produced with favorable efficiency or efficiency properties and excellent mechanical stability, so that it is expected that numerous new applications for photovoltaic developed can be.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic, exploded sectional side view of the layer structure of the photovoltaic cell according to a first, preferred embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 2 is a diagram of the molecular structure of the dye used for the dye layer in the embodiment of Fig. 1 (N719);
- FIG. 3 shows a current / voltage diagram to illustrate the electrical properties of the photovoltaic cell analogous to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram with an energy level and slice representation to illustrate the basic mode of operation of a DNSC.
- FIGS. 1 to 3 Since manufacturing aspects are important for achieving the desired properties, in the following description each effective layer according to FIG. 1 will be described and linked in connection with associated, particularly suitable production steps.
- a metal oxide semiconductor layer of TiO 2 is applied to a thickness of 1 to 20 microns, for which purpose a 5 wt .-% Ti ⁇ 2 ⁇ solution in ethanol was sprayed onto the ITO-modified fabric and after the drying or evaporation of the solvent, the coating at a pressure of about 15000 min / cm 2 over a period of 10 sec. To 10 min. was charged.
- Alternative ways of applying the semiconductor layer are (plasma) sputtering, corona + aerosol and screen printing.
- the TiO 2 layer 16 is then provided with a light-absorbing dye layer 18 as a monomolecular layer.
- the dyestuff N719 (Solaronix, CH-Arbonne), a ruthinium metal complex of the structural formula according to FIG. 2, was used, the application to the substrate coated with metal oxide semiconductor material taking place in that the PEEK TiO 2 substrate was placed in a 3 mmole dye solution for four hours.
- a counter electrode 20 which in turn has a conductive PEEK / ITO substrate 22, 24 (about 100 nm), which on the conductor side with a platinum layer of conventional thickness is coated.
- the platinization was carried out by introducing the counter electrode 20 into a 0.5 nM solution of H 2 PtCl 2 in 2-propanol for a few seconds. After removing the counter electrode from the solution, it was dried and heated at a temperature of 200 ° C. for 10 minutes.
- Both the counter electrode 20 and the photoelectrically active substrate 10 each have an electrical input and output in the form of an electrical contact electrode 28 and 30, which is realized in the illustrated embodiment by silver paint, but also in other suitable ways, in particular by Weaving appropriate conductive fibers into the fabric 12, 22, may be realized.
- These Feed lines 28, 30 are then used for external contacting of the solar cell in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 1 shows an exploded exploded view in schematic form
- an electrolyte of the type PEG20000 (Aldrich) in combination with LiI (0.1 M) and I 2 ( 0.01 M) was used. Since PEG20000 is solid at room temperature, melting was required to mix with the active redox components.
- the electrolyte was applied in liquid form to the active layer of the electrode 10 (i.e., the ink surface 18), and the counter electrode was set while the electrolyte was still liquid. After cooling and curing of the electrolyte, an adhesive bond of the entire layer arrangement was created, whereby care was taken that the contact electrodes 28, 30 did not come into contact with the electrolyte and that no short circuit occurs between the two electrodes.
- the current / voltage diagram in FIG. 3 shows, between the no-load voltage and the short-circuit current, the electrical behavior of the photovoltaic cell thus produced under ambient light and room temperature.
- the substrate may also consist of conductive material (AI fibers or optionally self-coated carbon fibers), with sufficient electrical conductor properties then the conductor layer 14 may be omitted.
- This in turn may itself have a doped metal oxide to achieve the desired conductivity properties, as described in the exemplary embodiment, alternatively a metal (eg Ti or Al) or a conductive polymer (eg PDOT).
- a metal eg Ti or Al
- a conductive polymer eg PDOT
- Another variant for realizing the (main) electrode is the use of the so-called Carbotex, a fabric offered by the company Sefar, CH-Thal, which has carbon-coated polyamide fibers and makes the ITO coating unnecessary by virtue of its conductivity properties ,
- metal-free dyes are also possible, in the form of so-called organic dyes, such as AZO dyes, oligoenes, merocyanines or others.
- a preferred development of the invention provides for providing the electrolyte layer 32 with acrylate resin, polyethylene oxide or polyethylene glycol, so that, in the manner of a procedure in the processing of glass fiber reinforced plastics, the solar cell arrangement of the described, inventive manner integral part from various object and / or construction projects, whereby flexibility in processing with thermal stability and rigidity can be advantageously combined with given transparency.
- an alternative procedure for realizing the photovoltaic cell according to a second embodiment of the present invention is described as a sequence of the steps required or preferred according to the invention:
- a tissue for electrode eg PEEK coated with ITO
- the counter electrode eg Carbotex
- a tissue for electrode eg PEEK coated with ITO
- the counter electrode eg Carbotex
- a tissue for electrode eg PEEK coated with ITO
- the counter electrode eg Carbotex
- tissue tape (1 x 4 cm format
- the electrode fabric is placed on the adhesive surface or the aluminum foil, then folded over the supernatant section of the aluminum foil and pressed.
- a fabric strip (PET 1000) is cut as intermediate fabric in dimensions of 0.8 x 4 cm.
- Airbrush gun (model Double Action CI) sprayed (0.4 bar pre-pressure (argon), spray distance to the fabric about 10 cm, twice five spray cycles on one side). Between the spray cycles, the solvent is evaporated on the fabric in the argon stream of the gun.
- the electrode assembly is light and moisture protected inserted for about 3 hours in this dye solution, then removed, washed with ethanol and about 1 min. dried in a stream of hot air.
- the electrolyte is concentrated on a hotplate at 100 ° C. until it is barely flowable.
- the counter electrode - when using a counter electrode from Carbotex (Fa. Sefar) may possibly be dispensed with a further coating - is placed on a glass base, the intermediate fabric (step a) in the heated electrolyte by immersion coated on both sides and placed on the counter electrode. The electrode is immersed 1 mm deep in the electrolyte and then placed on top. By resting the assembly (about 10 minutes), the curing of the electrolyte takes place, followed by a treatment in a stream of hot air (about 1 min.), So that residual solvent can evaporate.
- the arrangement is at least partially translucent even after coating with non-transparent material; moreover, the realized flexibility allows virtually any fixing and curing on different shaped surfaces.
- the metal oxide semiconductor layer (such as TiO 2 ) can be correspondingly thinner (and thus more flexible), with the further advantages of reduced delamination and less material consumption.
- the electrical contacting or derivation is easily possible by means of (woven) or sewn-in threads, and the book structure which can be realized further opens up additional fields of application and application.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006023638A DE102006023638A1 (de) | 2006-05-18 | 2006-05-18 | Photovoltaische Zelle |
PCT/EP2007/004256 WO2007134742A2 (de) | 2006-05-18 | 2007-05-14 | Photovoltaische zelle |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2018644A2 true EP2018644A2 (de) | 2009-01-28 |
Family
ID=38608038
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07725175A Withdrawn EP2018644A2 (de) | 2006-05-18 | 2007-05-14 | Photovoltaische zelle |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090293950A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2018644A2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP5244094B2 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102006023638A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2007134742A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB0808038D0 (en) * | 2008-05-02 | 2008-06-11 | Power Textiles Ltd | Improvements in and relating to textiles incorporating photovoltaic cells |
DE102008033217A1 (de) * | 2008-07-15 | 2010-01-21 | Dritte Patentportfolio Beteiligungsgesellschaft Mbh & Co.Kg | Solarpanel |
SM200900035B (it) * | 2009-05-07 | 2012-05-03 | Antonio Maroscia | Metodo per la realizzazione di un apparato fotovoltaico ed apparato fotovoltaico ottenuto con tale metodo |
DE102009023901A1 (de) * | 2009-06-04 | 2010-12-16 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Photovoltaisches Modul mit flächigem Zellverbinder |
CN102372898A (zh) * | 2010-08-20 | 2012-03-14 | 哈尔滨鑫达高分子材料工程中心有限责任公司 | 纳米ZnO填充改性PEEK薄膜及其制备方法 |
CN102295924A (zh) * | 2011-07-12 | 2011-12-28 | 中国民航大学 | 一种无机/有机纳米复合发光材料的制备方法 |
SE537449C2 (sv) * | 2012-04-04 | 2015-05-05 | Exeger Sweden Ab | En färgämnessensiterad solcell som innehåller ett poröst isolerande substrat samt en metod för framställning av det porösa isolerande substratet |
RU2511146C1 (ru) * | 2013-02-04 | 2014-04-10 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью научно-производственное предприятие "Плазма" ООО НПП "Плазма" | Способ нанесения теплозащитного электропроводящего покрытия на углеродные волокна и ткани |
EP3375017B1 (de) | 2016-10-24 | 2021-08-11 | Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati | Mikrofluidischer stromgewinner |
US11541980B2 (en) | 2016-10-24 | 2023-01-03 | Sceye Sa | Airship construction and method where a harness-structure is fastened around a hull |
EP4060699A1 (de) * | 2021-03-18 | 2022-09-21 | Exeger Operations AB | Solarzelle und verfahren zur herstellung der solarzelle |
ES2954873T3 (es) * | 2021-03-18 | 2023-11-27 | Exeger Operations Ab | Una célula solar que comprende una pluralidad de capas porosas y un medio conductor de carga que penetra en las capas porosas |
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US20030230337A1 (en) * | 2002-03-29 | 2003-12-18 | Gaudiana Russell A. | Photovoltaic cells utilizing mesh electrodes |
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DE3013991A1 (de) * | 1980-04-11 | 1981-10-15 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Grossflaechige photovoltaische zelle |
EP0859386A1 (de) * | 1997-02-17 | 1998-08-19 | Monsanto Company | Fotovoltaische Zelle |
JP4438173B2 (ja) * | 2000-04-04 | 2010-03-24 | Tdk株式会社 | 酸化物半導体色素結合電極および色素増感型太陽電池 |
SE0103740D0 (sv) * | 2001-11-08 | 2001-11-08 | Forskarpatent I Vaest Ab | Photovoltaic element and production methods |
WO2003103085A1 (ja) * | 2002-06-04 | 2003-12-11 | 新日本石油株式会社 | 光電変換素子 |
JP2004134121A (ja) * | 2002-10-08 | 2004-04-30 | Toyota Motor Corp | 酸化物半導体電極の製造方法 |
GB0319799D0 (en) * | 2003-08-22 | 2003-09-24 | Itm Power Ltd | Photovoltaic cell |
EP1533818A1 (de) * | 2003-11-14 | 2005-05-25 | COMA Beteiligungsgesellschaft mbH | Photoelektrochemische Solarzelle |
JP2008503035A (ja) * | 2004-06-15 | 2008-01-31 | ダイソル・リミテッド | 表面積を完全に利用する光起電モジュール |
US20070204904A1 (en) * | 2004-07-20 | 2007-09-06 | Keith Brooks | Photoactive layer containing macroparticles |
US8115093B2 (en) * | 2005-02-15 | 2012-02-14 | General Electric Company | Layer-to-layer interconnects for photoelectric devices and methods of fabricating the same |
-
2006
- 2006-05-18 DE DE102006023638A patent/DE102006023638A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2007
- 2007-05-14 EP EP07725175A patent/EP2018644A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-05-14 WO PCT/EP2007/004256 patent/WO2007134742A2/de active Application Filing
- 2007-05-14 JP JP2009510337A patent/JP5244094B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-05-14 US US12/300,835 patent/US20090293950A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US20030230337A1 (en) * | 2002-03-29 | 2003-12-18 | Gaudiana Russell A. | Photovoltaic cells utilizing mesh electrodes |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP5244094B2 (ja) | 2013-07-24 |
DE102006023638A1 (de) | 2007-11-22 |
JP2009537938A (ja) | 2009-10-29 |
US20090293950A1 (en) | 2009-12-03 |
WO2007134742A2 (de) | 2007-11-29 |
WO2007134742A3 (de) | 2008-02-14 |
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