EP2011603A1 - Machine for machining optical work pieces, in particular plastic spectacle lenses - Google Patents
Machine for machining optical work pieces, in particular plastic spectacle lenses Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2011603A1 EP2011603A1 EP08010854A EP08010854A EP2011603A1 EP 2011603 A1 EP2011603 A1 EP 2011603A1 EP 08010854 A EP08010854 A EP 08010854A EP 08010854 A EP08010854 A EP 08010854A EP 2011603 A1 EP2011603 A1 EP 2011603A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- machine
- workpiece
- drive unit
- axis
- tool
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
- B24B13/0031—Machines having several working posts; Feeding and manipulating devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor
- B24B13/06—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor grinding of lenses, the tool or work being controlled by information-carrying means, e.g. patterns, punched tapes, magnetic tapes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S29/00—Metal working
- Y10S29/086—Hood encased cutter
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/51—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling
- Y10T29/5124—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling with means to feed work intermittently from one tool station to another
- Y10T29/5127—Blank turret
- Y10T29/5128—Rotary work - vertical axis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/51—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling
- Y10T29/5124—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling with means to feed work intermittently from one tool station to another
- Y10T29/5127—Blank turret
- Y10T29/5129—Rotary work - horizontal axis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/30—Milling
- Y10T409/30392—Milling with means to protect operative or machine [e.g., guard, safety device, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/30—Milling
- Y10T409/304536—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter
- Y10T409/305264—Multiple work stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/30—Milling
- Y10T409/304536—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter
- Y10T409/30532—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with means to advance work or product
- Y10T409/305432—Endless or orbital work or product advancing means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/30—Milling
- Y10T409/304536—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter
- Y10T409/305544—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder
- Y10T409/305656—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder including means to support work for rotation during operation
- Y10T409/305768—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder including means to support work for rotation during operation with linear movement of work
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/30—Milling
- Y10T409/304536—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter
- Y10T409/305544—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder
- Y10T409/305656—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder including means to support work for rotation during operation
- Y10T409/305824—Milling including means to infeed work to cutter with work holder including means to support work for rotation during operation with angular movement of work
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T82/00—Turning
- Y10T82/25—Lathe
- Y10T82/2514—Lathe with work feeder or remover
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T82/00—Turning
- Y10T82/25—Lathe
- Y10T82/2524—Multiple
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T82/00—Turning
- Y10T82/25—Lathe
- Y10T82/2566—Bed
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a machine for processing optical workpieces according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the invention relates to the industrial processing of prescription surfaces on lenses of plastics such as polycarbonate, CR39 and so-called "high index" materials.
- plastic injection-molded spectacle lens blank also called a blank
- a plastic injection-molded spectacle lens blank also called a blank
- the generally concave interior or prescription surfaces are machined to have a spherical, aspherical, toric, atorical, progressive, or free-form geometry (e.g., progressive power), depending on the desired optical effect.
- the typical conventional process in inner surface working after blocking the lens blank with its outer surface on a block piece, provides a milling or turning process for producing the optically active form, usually followed by a finish grinding or polishing process to achieve the necessary surface finish.
- a series-working combined milling-turning machine which generally has the following components: A workpiece spindle, by means of which the workpiece is rotatably driven about a workpiece axis of rotation, at least one machining unit having a tool by means of which on the Workpiece spindle held workpiece machinable, and an adjusting mechanism for generating a relative movement between the workpiece spindle and the tool to allow either a loading / unloading or machining of the workpiece.
- the prior art machine has on a side of a working space in parallel arrangement a milling machining unit with a milling spindle and a rotary machining unit with two fast tool arrangements, wherein the provided on the opposite side of the working space adjustment mechanism by a workpiece spindle supporting the cross table assembly is formed, by means of which the workpiece held on the workpiece workpiece can be moved on the one hand parallel to the processing units (X-axis) and on the other hand to these from or away from them (Y-axis).
- VFT Ultra marketed by Satisloh AG
- the invention has for its object to provide a compact machine for machining of optical workpieces, in particular of plastic spectacle lenses, in which in particular the working space as easy as possible encapsulate or seal.
- the adjusting mechanism comprises a linear drive unit and a pivot drive unit, which are arranged on top of each other, wherein the workpiece spindle by means of the pivot drive unit about a pivot axis A is pivotally substantially perpendicular to the workpiece axis of rotation B, while the workpiece spindle is movable by means of the linear drive unit along a linear axis Y, which is substantially perpendicular to the pivot axis A and substantially parallel to the workpiece axis of rotation B or substantially parallel to the pivot axis A and substantially perpendicular to the workpiece axis.
- Rotary axis B runs.
- the second alternative is quite suitable for building about a fast-tool lathe, in the the tool is assigned a position-controlled (infeed) axis anyway, which can compensate for most machining cases the lack of a corresponding movement possibility on the workpiece side.
- the second-mentioned alternative would be less suitable because this would require an additional position-controlled linear axis on the tool side, which would not be needed in the former alternative to a milling tool.
- the pivot drive unit in comparison to the previously known linear drive unit can be much easier "seal", i. the not in the working space of the machine above components of the swivel drive unit can be easily separated from the working space or encapsulate, such as by means of suitable rotary joints seals with commercial lip seal profiles measures for Sperrluftbeetzschung etc., which is also common that they are very wear and low friction can be.
- the machine according to the invention is very compact due to the stacked arrangement of linear drive unit and pivot drive unit; Long travels, as they are required in the generic state of the art in the X-axis, to be able to approach the individual processing units, are not available. This also leads to an acceleration of the processing, namely a shortening of the processing overhead times, because the moving machine components on the workpiece side compared to the generic state of the art have to travel shorter distances.
- the arrangement of the linear drive unit and the pivot drive unit allows the respective guides to be arranged very close to each other, resulting in a high rigidity of the adjustment mechanism. This is also beneficial for a high quality of processing.
- the machine concept according to the invention allows a very flexible modular structure of the machine, in which the respective processing requirements according to processing units, handling units, measuring stations, etc. in the Art a modular and can be grouped around the adjustment mechanism around.
- the machine concept according to the invention is advantageous from an ergonomic point of view; The individual machine components can be easily arranged so that they are easily accessible for assembly, maintenance and set-up operations.
- linear drive unit is arranged on the pivot drive unit.
- this makes the machine concept more flexible with regard to the possible machine expansion stages;
- a smaller installation space is required for the adjusting mechanism and the linear drive unit can be sealed more easily.
- the workpiece spindle is controlled by means of the pivot drive unit in the rotation angle, that is, angular position-controlled about the pivot axis A is pivotable.
- the pivot drive unit mainly serves the workpiece change, as described above, it may be sufficient to provide instead of a CNC controlled pivot axis A only a not controlled in the rotation angle pivoting possibility of the workpiece spindle on end stops.
- the pivot drive unit may have a pivot table, are mounted on the parallel guide rails for a Y-carriage of the linear drive unit, wherein between the guide rails, a linear motor is arranged, by means of which the Y-carriage is movable relative to the pivot table ,
- a linear motor is arranged, by means of which the Y-carriage is movable relative to the pivot table .
- the pivot drive unit for generating the pivoting movement about the pivot axis A has a torque motor. This makes a gear in the generation of the pivoting dispensable, so that no gear (reversal) play can occur, whereby a high and reproducible accuracy of the pivoting movements of the workpiece spindle about the pivot axis A and thus the angle adjustment is achieved.
- the machine concept according to the invention is so flexible that the at least one machining unit can be a turning-machining unit with a fast-tool arrangement and / or a milling-machining unit with a tool spindle, wherein the The simplest variant of the machine would have only such a processing unit.
- the adjusting spindle carrying the workpiece spindle is arranged at a central location in the machine frame, while the at least one processing unit, a loading / unloading station for loading / unloading of workpieces and at least one further unit or station is star-like - eg cross-, X- or Y-shaped or with respect to the pivot axis A unevenly angularly spaced - are arranged around the adjusting mechanism, the latter, ie the at least one further unit or station is selected from a group comprising the following units or stations: a turning processing unit with a fast tool arrangement, a milling processing unit with a tool spindle, an engraving station for applying a marking to the workpiece and a measuring station for measuring the workpiece.
- the fast tool arrangements may be e.g. be driven so that the one fast tool assembly rotates the rotating workpiece with reciprocating movements (F1 axis), while the other fast tool arrangement oscillates in relation to the pivot axis A in opposite directions to the first Fast tool arrangement to prevent excessive vibration excitation of the machine frame by vibration compensation.
- direction of action F1 (F2) of the fast tool arrangement of the at least one rotary machining unit with respect to a plane which is substantially perpendicular to the pivot axis A is inclined such that the fast tool arrangement of the Adjusting seen from radially outward falls.
- the measure of the feed movement of the workpiece spindle in the direction of its axis (Y-axis in the first alternative according to the invention) and thus the achieved height compensation between the workpiece rotation axis B and the operating point of the cutting tool cutting edge takes place here in accordance with the sine function of the predetermined angle between the pivot axis A perpendicular plane and the direction of action F1 (F2) of the fast tool arrangement.
- the inclination of the fast tool assembly is such that the latter falls radially outward as seen from the adjustment mechanism, has the advantage that the turning tool when switching off the energization of the fast tool assembly in a respect to the working space of the machine withdrawn position can run back and there remains in the de-energized state of the fast tool assembly, so that the risk is reduced that the operator of the machine in any set-up work or the like. injured in the working space of the machine at the very sharp turning cutting edge.
- a cover hood can be attached to a swivel table of the swivel drive unit, which at the same time covers the workpiece spindle and the linear drive unit, so that advantageously no separate sealing and / or protective measures are required here.
- the cover may have an opening through which the workpiece spindle extends through movable, wherein between an inner periphery of the opening and an outer periphery of the workpiece spindle a rolling bellows is arranged, which seals the interior of the cover against the working space of the machine.
- a rolling bellows is inexpensive, seals reliably, is not susceptible to wear and sets the linear movements of the workpiece spindle against only a very low resistance.
- the workpiece spindle has an aerostatic bearing.
- the exhaust air of such storage serves as a barrier air at the same time, which prevents cooling lubricant or the like. from the working space of the machine can penetrate through any existing gaps or cracks in the cover or the workpiece spindle.
- a machine frame pivotable machine head which limits the working space of the machine together with the machine frame, wherein the machine upper part has a lower, substantially annular cylindrical edge, the form-fitting in the closed state of the machine shell in an associated , engages substantially annular recess in the machine frame.
- the machine frame may preferably be made of monolithic polymer concrete - also known as mineral casting.
- This material which is a composite material consisting of a mineral filler mixture and a binder based on reactive resin, has, inter alia, a high mass and a low coefficient of thermal expansion, is very stiff and has very good damping properties, especially in the case of use a rotary machining unit with a fast tool arrangement is advantageous in order to prevent vibrations generated by the fast tool arrangement from being transmitted to the adjusting mechanism and thus the workpiece spindle in a disturbing manner via the machine frame.
- the adjusting mechanism 26 has a linear drive unit 28 and a pivot drive unit 30 (see Fig. 3 to 6 ), which are arranged on each other, wherein the workpiece spindle 12 is pivotable about a pivot axis A by means of the pivot drive unit 30, which is substantially perpendicular to the workpiece axis of rotation B, while the workpiece spindle 12 by means of the linear drive unit 28 along a linear axis Y is movable in the illustrated embodiment is substantially perpendicular to the pivot axis A and substantially parallel to the workpiece axis of rotation B.
- the machine 10 has a monolithic molded polymer concrete machine frame 32, which is provided starting from its upper side 34 in the middle with a ring trough-like recess 36 which defines a working space 38 of the machine 10 down and laterally.
- a bearing eye 40 is provided for the adjusting mechanism 26.
- Fig. 2 are also two with respect to the bearing eye 40 diametrically opposite drains 42 for the coolant and chip disposal in the bottom of the recess 36 can be seen.
- Around the recess 36 around a plurality of flange surfaces 44 are embedded in the machine frame 32 in a star-like arrangement starting from the top 34, which serve to mount the processing units 14, 16, 22 and other units or stations, which will be described below.
- the Fig. 1 and 2 still show a laterally mounted on the machine frame 32 transport device 46 for the transport of work boxes 48 in which to be processed / processed lenses L are transported.
- a control cabinet 50 is mounted on the machine frame 32, which contains the required control and supply modules.
- the linear drive unit 28 is arranged on the pivot drive unit 30.
- the latter is mounted in the bearing eye 40 of the machine frame 32 by means of a two-part bearing flange 52, which has a lower part 54 and an upper part 56.
- the pivot drive unit 30 has a torque motor 58, which - like all other main drives of the machine 10 also - is water cooled (not shown in detail) and serves to pivot the workpiece spindle 12 in the rotation angle CNC-controlled about the pivot axis A.
- the stator 60 of the torque motor 58 is fixed in the lower part 54 of the bearing flange 52, while the rotor 62 of the torque motor 58 by means of a combined axial-radial needle bearing assembly 64 is rotatably mounted in the lower part 54 of the bearing flange 52.
- an aerodynamic or hydrostatic bearing of the rotor 62 could also be provided.
- annular measuring system 66 is further provided which surrounds the rotor 62 of the torque motor 58 and by means of which the angular position of the rotor 62 with respect to the stator 60 for the angular position control of the torque motor 58 can be detected.
- a hollow shaft encoder could be considered.
- a pivot table 68 is attached to the rotor 62 of the torque motor 58, 52 annular seals 70 are provided between the pivot table 68 and the stationary upper part 56 of the bearing flange, which seal the pivot drive unit 30 relative to the working space 38 of the machine.
- a Sperrluftbeaufschlagung done here (not shown in detail), which also prevents coolant enters the rotary drive unit 30.
- FIG. 5 and 6 further show that two guide rails 72 for a Y-carriage 74 of the linear drive unit 28 are mounted on the turntable 68 in a parallel arrangement.
- the Y-carriage 74 is slidably guided by means of a total of four carriages 76 on the guide rails 72, in a large spatial proximity to the axial-radial needle bearing arrangement 64 of the pivot drive unit 30th
- a linear motor 78 is arranged, by means of which the Y-carriage 74 relative to the turntable 68 is movable or adjustable, namely CNC-position-controlled in both directions of the Y-axis (the associated measuring system is not to simplify the illustration shown). While the stator 80 of the linear motor 78 is fixed to the turntable 68, the rotor 82 of the linear motor 78 is mounted on the Y-carriage 74, on which in turn the workpiece spindle 12 is mounted.
- the workpiece spindle 12 is known per se and therefore need not be further described at this point. It should be mentioned only that the workpiece spindle 12 has an aerostatic bearing (not shown in detail), the exhaust air advantageously contributes to the sealing against the working space 38, and with a double-acting piston-cylinder assembly 84 is provided for the operation of a collet 86 (see Fig. 5 ), by means of which on a block piece (not shown) blocked spectacle lens L can be clamped to the workpiece spindle 12. Finally, with the aid of the electric motor 88 of the workpiece spindle 12, the spectacle lens L is in the angular position of rotation CNC-controlled about the workpiece rotation axis B rotationally driven (the associated measuring system is again not shown for simplicity of illustration).
- a cover hood 90 is attached, which covers both the workpiece spindle 12 and the linear drive unit 28, wherein the interior 92 of the cover 90 by means of sealing profiles 94 which between the cover 90 and the pivot table 68th are arranged opposite the working space 38 of the machine 10 is sealed.
- the cover 90 On the in Fig. 5 On the right side, the cover 90 has an opening 96, through which the workpiece spindle 12 extends movably, so that the collet 86 with the spectacle lens L stretched in it is located in the working space 38 of the machine 10.
- a rolling bellows 98 is finally arranged, which is suitably attached to the workpiece spindle 12 and cover 90 and (also) serves to seal the interior 92 of the cover 90 relative to the working space 38 of the machine 10 ,
- FIG. 1 and 2 Now show various units or stations that are arranged in a star-like manner around the provided at a central location in the machine frame 32, the workpiece spindle 12 supporting adjusting mechanism 26 around.
- the workpiece spindle 12 of the rotary processing unit 14 opposite.
- the rotary processing unit 16 On the relative to the adjusting mechanism 26 diametrically opposite side of the machine frame 32 is the rotary processing unit 16, so that the effective directions F1, F2 arranged in opposite positions Fast tool assemblies 18, 20 and the pivot axis A substantially in one plane lie, which can be used by suitable control of the fast tool assemblies 18, 20 for vibration compensation.
- the internal structure and function of the fast tool assemblies 18, 20 shown here are in the EP-A-1 779 967 The same applicant described in detail, which is hereby incorporated by reference to avoid repetition.
- flange 44 extend for the Fast tool assemblies 18, 20 obliquely, so that they fall off starting from the working space 38 of the machine 10 radially outward.
- the directions of action F1, F2 of the fast tool assemblies 18, 20 mounted on the flange surfaces 44 are correspondingly inclined with respect to a plane which is substantially perpendicular to the pivot axis A.
- Sense and purpose of the inclination are in the EP-A-1 719 585 The same applicant described in detail, to which also hereby expressly avoided to avoid repetition becomes.
- the loading / unloading station 100 has a loading mechanism 102 adapted in terms of its degrees of freedom of movement and grasping capabilities Remove lens L from a work box 48 and, after opening a door 104 provided on the machine frame 32, move it into the working space 38 of the machine 10 to tension the blocked lens L on the workpiece spindle 12, and vice versa.
- the second rotary processing unit 16 This corresponds in principle to the first rotary processing unit 14, but may be provided according to the respective processing requirements with another turning tool 21, possibly also with an engraving stylus, as in the older German patent application 10 2006 026 524.6 the same applicant, which is hereby expressly referred to the engraving or marking function.
- the lenses L could, if desired or required, but also other means are used, for example, a laser or engraving stylus, which is similar to a stylus mounted aerostatically and driven by a voice coil drive The latter could also be dimensioned significantly smaller than the fast tool arrangements 18, 20 shown here.
- a device could be mounted approximately on the still free flange surface 44 of the machine frame 32 (see FIG Fig. 1 , front left or Fig. 2 , bottom left).
- a measuring station 106 for measuring the lenses L may be a known form sensor, by means of which the lens L can be measured in situ. Also conceivable are devices for non-contact, eg optical measurement of the lenses L. If such a measuring station 106 is present, the machine 10 - namely their rotary processing units 14, 16 - be automatically calibrated, as in EP-A-1 719 584 described in detail by the same applicant.
- An additional cribbing spindle with a milling tool projecting into the working space 38 could also be provided on the machine frame 32 for the edge (s) of the spectacle lenses L (not shown), whose axis of rotation would preferably lie in the same plane as the workpiece axis of rotation B. , like from the EP-A-1 719 573 the same applicant.
- Fig. 7 to 10 Further details of the encapsulation of the working space 38 of the machine 10 are the Fig. 7 to 10 refer to.
- Fig. 7 At the front, 108 denotes a sliding door, which is suitably guided on the machine frame 32 and can be lowered into it (see the US Pat Fig. 9 and 10 ) to allow an operator to access the workspace 38 of the machine 10.
- patch and attached covers 110 cover in particular the rotary processing unit 14 and the measuring station 106 from; between the latter and the working space 38 can also be an optional door to sit open to protect the measuring station 106 (not shown).
- a control panel 112 with integrated screen is on in the Fig. 7 . 8th and 10 left cover 110 is arranged.
- the machine 10 has a machine upper part 114, which is hinged by means of hinges 116 in the area of the control cabinet 50 with respect to the machine frame 32, between a lower, closed position (FIG. Fig. 7 and 9 ), in which the working space 38 of the machine 10 is hermetically sealed, and an upper, open position (FIG. Fig. 10 ).
- the machine head 114 has an elliptical viewing window 118, which allows the operator in the closed position of the machine head 114 a clear view into the working space 38 of the machine 10.
- the oblique installation of the viewing window 118 ensures a targeted drainage of the during the processing of the inside against the viewing window 118 splashing cooling lubricant.
- the machine head 114 finally has a lower, substantially annular cylindrical edge 120, which in accordance with Fig. 8 in the closed state of the machine head 114 positively engages in an associated, substantially annular recess 122 in the machine frame 32.
- a circumferential seal 124 can be arranged between the edge 120 of the machine upper part 114 and the associated recess 122 in the machine frame 32 (see FIG Fig. 8 ).
- a machine for processing optical workpieces comprising a workpiece spindle, by means of which the workpiece about a workpiece axis of rotation (B) is rotatably driven, at least one machining unit having a tool, by means of which the workpiece is machinable, and a Adjustment mechanism for generating a relative movement between the workpiece spindle and tool, to allow either a loading / unloading or editing of the workpiece.
- the adjusting mechanism has a linear drive unit and a pivot drive unit, which are arranged on each other, wherein the workpiece spindle by means of the pivot drive unit about a pivot axis (A) is pivotable, which is perpendicular to the workpiece axis of rotation, while the workpiece spindle by means of the linear drive unit along a linear axis (Y) is movable, which in particular runs perpendicular to the pivot axis and parallel to the workpiece axis of rotation.
- A pivot a pivot axis
- Y linear axis
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Turning (AREA)
- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
- Milling Processes (AREA)
- Eyeglasses (AREA)
- Optical Filters (AREA)
- Machine Tool Units (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Maschine zur Bearbeitung von optischen Werkstücken gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1. Insbesondere bezieht sich die Erfindung auf die industrielle Bearbeitung von Rezeptflächen an Brillengläsern aus Kunststoffen, wie Polycarbonat, CR39 und sogenannte "High Index" Materialien.The present invention relates to a machine for processing optical workpieces according to the preamble of claim 1. In particular, the invention relates to the industrial processing of prescription surfaces on lenses of plastics such as polycarbonate, CR39 and so-called "high index" materials.
Üblicherweise liegt bei der Bearbeitung von Kunststoff-Brillengläsern ein aus Kunststoff spritzgegossener Brillenglasrohling, auch "Blank" genannt, vor, der eine standardisierte endbearbeitete konvexe Außenfläche mit z.B. sphärischer oder progressiver Form aufweist. Die in der Regel konkaven Innen- bzw. Rezeptflächen erhalten mittels spanender Bearbeitung eine sphärische, asphärische, torische, atorische, progressive oder Freiformgeometrie (z.B. Gleitsichtflächen), je nach der gewünschten optischen Wirkung. Der typische konventionelle Ablauf bei der Innenflächenbearbeitung sieht nach dem Aufblocken des Brillenglasrohlings mit seiner Außenfläche auf einem Blockstück einen Fräs- oder Drehbearbeitungsprozeß zur Herstellung der optisch aktiven Form vor, in der Regel gefolgt von einem Feinschleif-oder Polierprozeß zur Erzielung der notwendigen Oberflächengüte.Conventionally, in the processing of plastic spectacle lenses, there is a plastic injection-molded spectacle lens blank, also called a blank, which has a standardized finished convex outer surface with e.g. spherical or progressive shape. The generally concave interior or prescription surfaces are machined to have a spherical, aspherical, toric, atorical, progressive, or free-form geometry (e.g., progressive power), depending on the desired optical effect. The typical conventional process in inner surface working, after blocking the lens blank with its outer surface on a block piece, provides a milling or turning process for producing the optically active form, usually followed by a finish grinding or polishing process to achieve the necessary surface finish.
Für die Herstellung der optisch aktiven Form von Kunststoff-Brillengläsern vorgeschlagen wurden:
- (A) Reine Fräsmaschinen [
EP-A-0 758 571 - (B) reine Fast-Tool-Drehmaschinen, bei denen für die Feinbearbeitung der Brillengläser ein Drehmeißel entweder
- (B.1) linear reziprozierend [
WO-A-02/06005 EP-A-1 719 573 - (B.2) rotativ [
WO-A-99/33611 - (C) kombinierte Fräs-Dreh-Maschinen mit
- (C.1) kombiniertem Fräs-Dreh-Werkzeug [
EP-A-1 291 106 - (C.2) separaten Fräs- und (linear oder rotativ arbeitenden) Dreh-Bearbeitungseinheiten, die die Brillengläser entweder
- (C.2.1) seriell [
EP-A-1 719 585 - (C.2.2) parallel [
EP-A-1 719 582
- (A) Pure milling machines [
EP-A-0 758 571 - (B) pure fast tool lathes, where for the fine processing of the lenses a turning tool either
- (B.1) linear reciprocating [
WO-A-02/06005 EP-A-1 719 573 - (B.2) rotative [
WO-A-99/33611 - (C) combined milling-turning machines with
- (C.1) Combined Milling Turning Tool [
EP-A-1 291 106 - (C.2) separate milling and (linear or rotary) rotary processing units, the lenses either
- (C.2.1) serial [
EP-A-1 719 585 - (C.2.2) parallel [
EP-A-1 719 582
Wenngleich im Folgenden von einer Maschine gemäß Punkt (C.2.1) als gattungsbildendern Stand der Technik ausgegangen wird, ist dies nicht beschränkend im Hinblick auf einen Maschinentyp zu verstehen, vielmehr kann das hier vorgestellte Maschinenkonzept für verschiedene Maschinentypen eingesetzt werden, namentlich die Maschinentypen gemäß den Punkten (A), (B.1), (B.2), (C.1) und (C.2.1) bis hin zu etwaigen Kombinationen hiervon, beispielsweise (C.1) und (C.2.1), d.h. eine Maschine, deren speziell ausgebildete Fräs-Bearbeitungseinheit (mit im Drehwinkel geregelter Frässpindel) ein kombiniertes Fräs-Dreh-Werkzeug zur Vorbearbeitung des Brillenglases trägt, während zugleich eine Dreh-Bearbeitungseinheit mit einer (oder mehreren) Fast-Tool-Anordnung(en) vorgesehen ist, die der Fertigbearbeitung des Brillenglases dient (dienen).Although it is assumed in the following of a machine according to item (C.2.1) as generic prior art, this is not to be understood in terms of a machine type, but the machine concept presented here can be used for different types of machines, namely the machine types according to the Points (A), (B.1), (B.2), (C.1) and (C.2.1) up to any combinations thereof, for example (C.1) and (C.2.1), ie one Machine whose specially designed milling processing unit (with milling spindle controlled in the rotation angle) carries a combined milling-turning tool for pre-processing the spectacle lens, while at the same time a turning-processing unit with one (or more) Fast-tool arrangement (s) is provided, which serves the finishing of the spectacle lens (serve).
Aus dem den Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 bildenden Stand der Technik gemäß der
Genauer gesagt hat die vorbekannte Maschine auf einer Seite eines Arbeitsraums in paralleler Anordnung eine Fräs-Bearbeitungseinheit mit einer Frässpindel und eine Dreh-Bearbeitungseinheit mit zwei Fast-Tool-Anordnungen, wobei der auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Arbeitsraums vorgesehene Verstellmechanismus durch eine die Werkstückspindel tragende Kreuztischanordnung gebildet ist, mittels der das an der Werkstückspindel gehaltene Werkstück einerseits parallel zu den Bearbeitungseinheiten (X-Achse) und andererseits auf diese zu bzw. von diesen weg (Y-Achse) bewegt werden kann. Zwar hat sich dieses Maschinenkonzept bisher in der Praxis gut bewährt - diese Maschine ist unter der Bezeichnung VFT Ultra, vertrieben von der Satisloh AG, auf dem Markt - es erscheint jedoch in folgender Hinsicht verbesserungsbedürftig.More specifically, the prior art machine has on a side of a working space in parallel arrangement a milling machining unit with a milling spindle and a rotary machining unit with two fast tool arrangements, wherein the provided on the opposite side of the working space adjustment mechanism by a workpiece spindle supporting the cross table assembly is formed, by means of which the workpiece held on the workpiece workpiece can be moved on the one hand parallel to the processing units (X-axis) and on the other hand to these from or away from them (Y-axis). Although this machine concept has been well proven in practice - this machine is under the name VFT Ultra, marketed by Satisloh AG, on the market - it appears, however, in need of improvement in the following regard.
Bei der Bearbeitung von Kunststoff-Brillengläsern nach Rezept werden erhebliche Werkstückanteile unter Zufuhr großer Kühlmittelströme zerspant, weshalb eine hinreichende Kapselung des Arbeitsraums und eine ungehinderte Spanabfuhr unerläßlich sind. Außerdem entstehen bei der spanenden Bearbeitung von etwa "High Index" Materialien unangenehme Dämpfe, die abgesaugt und gefiltert werden sollten.In the processing of plastic spectacle lenses by prescription considerable workpiece parts are machined with the supply of large coolant flows, which is why a sufficient encapsulation of the working space and unimpeded chip removal are indispensable. In addition, arise in the machining of about "high Index "Materials unpleasant vapors that should be aspirated and filtered.
Für die Kapselung des Arbeitsraums ist bei der vorbeschriebenen Maschine ein infolge der relativ langen X-Achse verhältnismäßig großer und teurer Naßschutz aus Edelstahlblech vorgesehen. Da das Naßschutzgehäuse die Verfahrbewegung der Werkstückspindel entlang der langen X-Achse ermöglichen muß, ist für die Werkstückspindel eine langlochartige Öffnung im Naßschutzgehäuse vorhanden. Diese Öffnung ist durch eine kombinierte Schieber-und Rollo-Abdeckung geschlossen, welche mit gehäuseseitigen Abstreifern zusammenwirkt. Abgesehen davon, daß die mit derartigen Abdeckungen erzielte Abdichtung nicht immer befriedigend ist, unterliegen solche Abdeckungen auch einem erheblichen Verschleiß und verursachen Reibung, die im konkreten Anwendungsfall sowohl der Verfahrgeschwindigkeit als auch der Positioniergenauigkeit der Maschine in der X-Achse abträglich sein kann.For the encapsulation of the working space, a relatively large and expensive wet protection of stainless steel sheet is provided in the above-described machine due to the relatively long X-axis. Since the Naßschutzgehäuse must allow the movement of the workpiece spindle along the long X-axis, a slot-like opening in the Naßschutzgehäuse is available for the workpiece spindle. This opening is closed by a combined slide and roller cover, which cooperates with housing-side scrapers. Apart from the fact that the sealing achieved with such covers is not always satisfactory, such covers are also subject to considerable wear and friction, which can be detrimental in the actual application both the traversing speed and the positioning accuracy of the machine in the X-axis.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine kompakt bauende Maschine zur Bearbeitung von optischen Werkstücken, insbesondere von Kunststoff-Brillengläsern, bereitzustellen, bei der sich insbesondere der Arbeitsraum möglichst einfach kapseln bzw. abdichten läßt.The invention has for its object to provide a compact machine for machining of optical workpieces, in particular of plastic spectacle lenses, in which in particular the working space as easy as possible encapsulate or seal.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst. Vorteilhafte oder zweckmäßige Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Patentansprüche 2 bis 14.This object is achieved by the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous or expedient developments of the invention are subject matter of the claims 2 to 14.
Nach der Erfindung umfaßt bei einer gattungsgemäßen Maschine zur Bearbeitung von optischen Werkstücken, insbesondere von Kunststoff-Brillengläsern, der Verstellmechanismus eine Linearantriebseinheit und eine Schwenkantriebseinheit, die aufeinander angeordnet sind, wobei die Werkstückspindel mittels der Schwenkantriebseinheit um eine Schwenkachse A schwenkbar ist, die im wesentlichen senkrecht zur Werkstück-Drehachse B steht, während die Werkstückspindel mittels der Linearantriebseinheit entlang einer Linearachse Y bewegbar ist, die im wesentlichen senkrecht zur Schwenkachse A und im wesentlichen parallel zur Werkstück-Drehachse B oder im wesentlichen parallel zur Schwenkachse A und im wesentlichen senkrecht zur Werkstück-Drehachse B verläuft.According to the invention, in a generic machine for processing optical workpieces, in particular of plastic spectacle lenses, the adjusting mechanism comprises a linear drive unit and a pivot drive unit, which are arranged on top of each other, wherein the workpiece spindle by means of the pivot drive unit about a pivot axis A is pivotally substantially perpendicular to the workpiece axis of rotation B, while the workpiece spindle is movable by means of the linear drive unit along a linear axis Y, which is substantially perpendicular to the pivot axis A and substantially parallel to the workpiece axis of rotation B or substantially parallel to the pivot axis A and substantially perpendicular to the workpiece axis. Rotary axis B runs.
Wenngleich die erstgenannte Alternative, bei der die Linearachse Y im wesentlichen senkrecht zur Schwenkachse A und im wesentlichen parallel zur Werkstück-Drehachse B verläuft, gegenüber der zweitgenannten Alternative, nach der die Linearachse Y im wesentlichen parallel zur Schwenkachse A und im wesentlichen senkrecht zur Werkstück-Drehachse B verläuft, im Hinblick auf die Anzahl der Bewegungsfreiheitsgrade am Werkstück bevorzugt ist, weil sie den baukastenartigen Aufbau einer Maschine mit den verschiedensten Bearbeitungseinheiten mit geringstem Aufwand ermöglicht, ist die zweitgenannte Alternative durchaus zum Aufbau etwa einer Fast-Tool-Drehmaschine geeignet, bei der dem Werkzeug ohnehin eine lagegeregelte (Zustell)Achse zugeordnet ist, die für die meisten Bearbeitungsfälle das Fehlen einer entsprechenden Bewegungsmöglichkeit auf der Werkstückseite kompensieren kann. Zum Aufbau einer Fräsmaschine wäre die zweitgenannte Alternative allerdings weniger geeignet, weil dies auf der Werkzeugseite eine zusätzliche lagegeregelte Linearachse erfordern würde, die bei der erstgenannten Alternative an einem Fräswerkzeug nicht benötigt würde.Although the former alternative, wherein the linear axis Y is substantially perpendicular to the pivot axis A and substantially parallel to the workpiece axis of rotation B, compared to the second alternative, according to which the linear axis Y is substantially parallel to the pivot axis A and substantially perpendicular to the workpiece axis Rotary axis B runs, in view of the number of degrees of freedom of movement on the workpiece is preferred because it allows the modular construction of a machine with a variety of machining units with minimal effort, the second alternative is quite suitable for building about a fast-tool lathe, in the the tool is assigned a position-controlled (infeed) axis anyway, which can compensate for most machining cases the lack of a corresponding movement possibility on the workpiece side. To build a milling machine, however, the second-mentioned alternative would be less suitable because this would require an additional position-controlled linear axis on the tool side, which would not be needed in the former alternative to a milling tool.
Aus dem Umstand, daß gemäß der Erfindung - verglichen zum gattungsbildenden Stand der Technik - eine der Linearachsen auf der Werkstückseite (X-Achse) gewissermaßen durch eine Schwenkachse (A-Achse) "ersetzt" ist, ergeben sich mehrere Vorteile. Zunächst läßt sich die Schwenkantriebseinheit im Vergleich zu der vorbekannten Linearantriebseinheit deutlich einfacher "abdichten", d.h. die nicht in den Arbeitsraum der Maschine vorstehenden Bestandteile der Schwenkantriebseinheit lassen sich leichter vom Arbeitsraum abtrennen bzw. abkapseln, etwa vermittels geeigneter Drehdurchführungen, Dichtungsanordnungen mit handelsüblichen Lippendichtungsprofilen, Maßnahmen zur Sperrluftbeaufschlagung etc., denen auch gemein ist, daß sie sehr verschleiß- und reibungsarm ausgebildet werden können.From the fact that according to the invention - compared to the generic state of the art - one of the linear axes on the workpiece side (X-axis) is effectively "replaced" by a pivot axis (A-axis), there are several advantages. First, the pivot drive unit in comparison to the previously known linear drive unit can be much easier "seal", i. the not in the working space of the machine above components of the swivel drive unit can be easily separated from the working space or encapsulate, such as by means of suitable rotary joints seals with commercial lip seal profiles measures for Sperrluftbeaufschlagung etc., which is also common that they are very wear and low friction can be.
Ferner baut die erfindungsgemäße Maschine infolge der Aufeinanderanordnung von Linearantriebseinheit und Schwenkantriebseinheit sehr kompakt; lange Verfahrwege, wie sie im gattungsbildenden Stand der Technik in der X-Achse erforderlich sind, schon um die einzelnen Bearbeitungseinheiten anfahren zu können, sind nicht vorhanden. Dies führt auch zu einer Beschleunigung der Bearbeitung, namentlich einer Verkürzung der Bearbeitungsnebenzeiten, weil die bewegten Maschinenbestandteile auf der Werkstückseite im Vergleich zum gattungsbildenden Stand der Technik kürzere Wege zurückzulegen haben.Furthermore, the machine according to the invention is very compact due to the stacked arrangement of linear drive unit and pivot drive unit; Long travels, as they are required in the generic state of the art in the X-axis, to be able to approach the individual processing units, are not available. This also leads to an acceleration of the processing, namely a shortening of the processing overhead times, because the moving machine components on the workpiece side compared to the generic state of the art have to travel shorter distances.
Des weiteren ermöglicht es die Aufeinanderanordnung von Linearantriebseinheit und Schwenkantriebseinheit die jeweiligen Führungen sehr nahe bzw. eng beieinander anzuordnen, was zu einer hohen Steifigkeit des Verstellmechanismus führt. Dies ist auch einer hohen Bearbeitungsqualität zuträglich.Furthermore, the arrangement of the linear drive unit and the pivot drive unit allows the respective guides to be arranged very close to each other, resulting in a high rigidity of the adjustment mechanism. This is also beneficial for a high quality of processing.
Weiterhin gestattet das erfindungsgemäße Maschinenkonzept einen sehr flexiblen modularen Aufbau der Maschine, bei dem den jeweiligen Bearbeitungserfordernissen entsprechend Bearbeitungseinheiten, Handhabungseinheiten, Meßstationen etc. in der Art eines Baukastens ausgewählt und um den Verstellmechanismus herum gruppiert werden können. Nicht zuletzt ist das erfindungsgemäße Maschinenkonzept unter ergonomischen Gesichtspunkten vorteilhaft; die einzelnen Maschinenbestandteile lassen sich problemlos so anordnen, daß sie für Montage-, Wartungs-und Rüstvorgänge gut zugänglich sind.Furthermore, the machine concept according to the invention allows a very flexible modular structure of the machine, in which the respective processing requirements according to processing units, handling units, measuring stations, etc. in the Art a modular and can be grouped around the adjustment mechanism around. Last but not least, the machine concept according to the invention is advantageous from an ergonomic point of view; The individual machine components can be easily arranged so that they are easily accessible for assembly, maintenance and set-up operations.
Grundsätzlich ist es denkbar, die Aufeinanderanordnung von Linearantriebseinheit und Schwenkantriebseinheit so auszugestalten, daß die Schwenkantriebseinheit auf der Linearantriebseinheit "sitzt" bzw. von letzterer getragen wird, etwa wenn im Falle der oben diskutierten zweiten Alternative, bei der die Linearachse Y im wesentlichen parallel zur Schwenkachse A und im wesentlichen senkrecht zur Werkstück-Drehachse B verläuft, die Linearantriebseinheit derart bezüglich einer Dreh-Bearbeitungseinheit ausgefluchtet ist, daß sie eine Vorschubsrelativbewegung zwischen Werkstück und Drehmeißel in Richtung der Werkstück-Drehachse (Radialvorschub) zu erzeugen vermag. In diesem Fall könnte die Schwenkantriebseinheit insbesondere dem Werkstückwechsel dienen. Bevorzugt ist jedoch eine Ausgestaltung, bei der die Linearantriebseinheit auf der Schwenkantriebseinheit angeordnet ist. Dies macht zum einen das Maschinenkonzept im Hinblick auf die möglichen Maschinenausbaustufen flexibler; zum anderen wird für den Verstellmechanismus ein geringerer Bauraum benötigt und die Linearantriebseinheit kann einfacher abgedichtet werden.In principle, it is conceivable to design the arrangement of linear drive unit and pivot drive unit in such a way that the pivot drive unit "sits" on the linear drive unit or is supported by the latter, for instance in the case of the above-discussed second alternative, in which the linear axis Y is substantially parallel to the pivot axis A and is substantially perpendicular to the workpiece axis of rotation B, the linear drive unit is aligned with respect to a rotary processing unit such that it is capable of generating a feed relative movement between the workpiece and lathe tool in the direction of the workpiece axis of rotation (radial feed). In this case, the swivel drive unit could in particular serve the workpiece change. However, an embodiment in which the linear drive unit is arranged on the pivot drive unit is preferred. On the one hand, this makes the machine concept more flexible with regard to the possible machine expansion stages; On the other hand, a smaller installation space is required for the adjusting mechanism and the linear drive unit can be sealed more easily.
In diesem Zusammenhang ist es auch bevorzugt, wenn die Werkstückspindel mittels der Schwenkantriebseinheit im Drehwinkel geregelt, d.h. winkellagegeregelt um die Schwenkachse A schwenkbar ist. Wenn allerdings die Schwenkantriebseinheit vornehmlich dem Werkstückwechsel dient, wie oben beschrieben, kann es ausreichend sein, anstelle einer CNC-geregelten Schwenkachse A lediglich eine nicht im Drehwinkel geregelte Schwenkmöglichkeit der Werkstückspindel auf Endanschläge vorzusehen.In this context, it is also preferred if the workpiece spindle is controlled by means of the pivot drive unit in the rotation angle, that is, angular position-controlled about the pivot axis A is pivotable. However, if the pivot drive unit mainly serves the workpiece change, as described above, it may be sufficient to provide instead of a CNC controlled pivot axis A only a not controlled in the rotation angle pivoting possibility of the workpiece spindle on end stops.
In einer sehr kompakten und steifen Ausgestaltung der Maschine kann die Schwenkantriebseinheit einen Schwenktisch aufweisen, an dem parallele Führungsschienen für einen Y-Schlitten der Linearantriebseinheit montiert sind, wobei zwischen den Führungsschienen ein Linearmotor angeordnet ist, mittels dessen der Y-Schlitten relativ zum Schwenktisch bewegbar ist. Auch sind derartige Führungssysteme und Linearmotoren kostengünstig am Markt erhältlich.In a very compact and rigid design of the machine, the pivot drive unit may have a pivot table, are mounted on the parallel guide rails for a Y-carriage of the linear drive unit, wherein between the guide rails, a linear motor is arranged, by means of which the Y-carriage is movable relative to the pivot table , Also, such guide systems and linear motors are available on the market inexpensively.
Es ist ferner bevorzugt, wenn die Schwenkantriebseinheit zur Erzeugung der Schwenkbewegung um die Schwenkachse A einen Torquemotor aufweist. Dies macht ein Getriebe bei der Erzeugung der Schwenkbewegung entbehrlich, so daß auch kein Getriebe(umkehr)spiel auftreten kann, wodurch eine hohe und reproduzierbare Genauigkeit der Schwenkbewegungen der Werkstückspindel um die Schwenkachse A und damit der Winkeleinstellung erzielt wird.It is further preferred if the pivot drive unit for generating the pivoting movement about the pivot axis A has a torque motor. This makes a gear in the generation of the pivoting dispensable, so that no gear (reversal) play can occur, whereby a high and reproducible accuracy of the pivoting movements of the workpiece spindle about the pivot axis A and thus the angle adjustment is achieved.
Es wurde schon eingangs angedeutet, daß das erfindungsgemäße Maschinenkonzept derart flexibel ist, daß es sich bei der wenigstens einen Bearbeitungseinheit um eine Dreh-Bearbeitungseinheit mit einer Fast-Tool-Anordnung und/oder um eine Fräs-Bearbeitungseinheit mit einer Werkzeugspindel handeln kann, wobei die einfachste Variante der Maschine nur eine solche Bearbeitungseinheit hätte.It has already been indicated at the outset that the machine concept according to the invention is so flexible that the at least one machining unit can be a turning-machining unit with a fast-tool arrangement and / or a milling-machining unit with a tool spindle, wherein the The simplest variant of the machine would have only such a processing unit.
Besonders bevorzugt ist es, wenn der die Werkstückspindel tragende Verstellmechanismus an zentraler Stelle im Maschinengestell angeordnet ist, während die wenigstens eine Bearbeitungseinheit, eine Lade/Entlade-Station zum Laden/Entladen von Werkstücken und wenigstens eine weitere Einheit oder Station sternartig - z.B. kreuz-, X- oder Y-förmig oder auch bezüglich der Schwenkachse A ungleichmäßig winkelbeabstandet - um den Verstellmechanismus herum angeordnet sind, wobei letztere, d.h. die wenigstens eine weitere Einheit oder Station aus einer Gruppe ausgewählt ist, welche die folgenden Einheiten bzw. Stationen umfaßt: eine Dreh-Bearbeitungseinheit mit einer Fast-Tool-Anordnung, eine Fräs-Bearbeitungseinheit mit einer Werkzeugspindel, eine Gravierstation zum Anbringen einer Markierung am Werkstück und eine Meßstation zum Vermessen des Werkstücks.It is particularly preferred if the adjusting spindle carrying the workpiece spindle is arranged at a central location in the machine frame, while the at least one processing unit, a loading / unloading station for loading / unloading of workpieces and at least one further unit or station is star-like - eg cross-, X- or Y-shaped or with respect to the pivot axis A unevenly angularly spaced - are arranged around the adjusting mechanism, the latter, ie the at least one further unit or station is selected from a group comprising the following units or stations: a turning processing unit with a fast tool arrangement, a milling processing unit with a tool spindle, an engraving station for applying a marking to the workpiece and a measuring station for measuring the workpiece.
Sind in einer möglichen Ausbauvariante der Maschine als Bearbeitungseinheiten zwei Dreh-Bearbeitungseinheiten mit jeweils einer Fast-Tool-Anordnung vorgesehen, ist es von Vorteil, wenn letztere in bezüglich des Verstellmechanismus einander gegenüberliegenden Positionen angeordnet sind, so daß die Wirkrichtungen F1, F2 der Fast-Tool-Anordnungen und die Schwenkachse A im wesentlichen in einer Ebene liegen. Dann nämlich können die Fast-Tool-Anordnungen z.B. so angesteuert werden, daß die eine Fast-Tool-Anordnung das rotierende Werkstück mit reziprozierenden Bewegungen drehbearbeitet (F1-Achse), während die andere Fast-Tool-Anordnung in Bezug auf die Schwenkachse A gegenläufig zur ersten Fast-Tool-Anordnung schwingt, um durch Schwingungskompensation eine übermäßige Schwingungserregung des Maschinengestells zu verhindern.If, in a possible expansion variant of the machine, two rotary machining units each with a fast tool arrangement are provided as machining units, it is advantageous if the latter are arranged in positions which are opposite one another with respect to the adjusting mechanism, so that the directions of action F1, F2 of the fast- Tool arrangements and the pivot axis A lie substantially in one plane. For then, the fast tool arrangements may be e.g. be driven so that the one fast tool assembly rotates the rotating workpiece with reciprocating movements (F1 axis), while the other fast tool arrangement oscillates in relation to the pivot axis A in opposite directions to the first Fast tool arrangement to prevent excessive vibration excitation of the machine frame by vibration compensation.
Es ist weiterhin bevorzugt, wenn die Wirkrichtung F1 (F2) der Fast-Tool-Anordnung der wenigstens einen Dreh-Bearbeitungseinheit bezüglich einer Ebene, die im wesentlichen senkrecht zur Schwenkachse A verläuft, derart schräggestellt ist, daß die Fast-Tool-Anordnung von dem Verstellmechanismus aus gesehen nach radial außen abfällt. Zunächst läßt sich durch besagte Schrägstellung der Fast-Tool-Anordnung in Verbindung mit der ggf. an der Maschine vorhandenen Zustellbewegung der Werkstückspindel in der die Werkstück-Drehachse B enthaltenden Ebene (Y-Achse in der ersten erfindungsgemäßen Alternative), genauer in Richtung der Werkstückspindel eine hochgenaue Höheneinstellung der Schneide des an der Fast-Tool-Anordnung befestigten Drehmeißels auf die Werkstück-Drehachse B erzielen, ohne daß dazu Höhenverlagerungen der Drehmeißelschneide bezüglich der Fast-Tool-Anordnung erforderlich sind, was mechanische Stellsysteme od.dgl. zur Höhenjustage des Drehmeißels entbehrlich macht. Das Maß der Zustellbewegung der Werkstückspindel in Richtung ihrer Achse (Y-Achse in der ersten erfindungsgemäßen Alternative) und damit der dadurch erzielte Höhenausgleich zwischen der Werkstück-Drehachse B und dem Arbeitspunkt der Drehmeißelschneide erfolgt hierbei nach Maßgabe der Sinusfunktion des vorbestimmten Winkels zwischen der zur Schwenkachse A senkrecht verlaufenden Ebene und der Wirkrichtung F1 (F2) der Fast-Tool-Anordnung. Daß darüber hinaus die Schrägstellung der Fast-Tool-Anordnung derart ist, daß letztere von dem Verstellmechanismus aus gesehen nach radial außen abfällt, hat den Vorteil, daß der Drehmeißel beim Abschalten der Bestromung der Fast-Tool-Anordnung in eine bezüglich des Arbeitsraums der Maschine zurückgezogene Position zurücklaufen kann und dort im stromlosen Zustand der Fast-Tool-Anordnung verharrt, so daß die Gefahr reduziert ist, daß sich der Bediener der Maschine bei etwaigen Rüstarbeiten od.dgl. im Arbeitsraum der Maschine an der sehr scharfen Drehmeißelschneide verletzt.It is further preferred if the direction of action F1 (F2) of the fast tool arrangement of the at least one rotary machining unit with respect to a plane which is substantially perpendicular to the pivot axis A, is inclined such that the fast tool arrangement of the Adjusting seen from radially outward falls. Firstly, by means of said oblique position of the fast tool arrangement in conjunction with the feed movement of the workpiece spindle possibly present on the machine in the plane containing the workpiece rotation axis B (Y axis in the first alternative according to the invention), more precisely in the direction of the workpiece spindle achieve a high-precision height adjustment of the cutting edge of the fixed to the fast tool assembly turning tool on the workpiece axis of rotation B, without that Vertical displacements of the cutting bit with respect to the fast tool arrangement are required, which mechanical adjustment systems or the like. makes the height adjustment of the turning tool dispensable. The measure of the feed movement of the workpiece spindle in the direction of its axis (Y-axis in the first alternative according to the invention) and thus the achieved height compensation between the workpiece rotation axis B and the operating point of the cutting tool cutting edge takes place here in accordance with the sine function of the predetermined angle between the pivot axis A perpendicular plane and the direction of action F1 (F2) of the fast tool arrangement. That in addition the inclination of the fast tool assembly is such that the latter falls radially outward as seen from the adjustment mechanism, has the advantage that the turning tool when switching off the energization of the fast tool assembly in a respect to the working space of the machine withdrawn position can run back and there remains in the de-energized state of the fast tool assembly, so that the risk is reduced that the operator of the machine in any set-up work or the like. injured in the working space of the machine at the very sharp turning cutting edge.
Im weiteren Verfolg des Erfindungsgedankens kann an einem Schwenktisch der Schwenkantriebseinheit eine Abdeckhaube angebracht sein, welche zugleich die Werkstückspindel und die Linearantriebseinheit abdeckt, so daß hier vorteilhaft keine separaten Abdicht- und/oder Schutzmaßnahmen benötigt werden.In the further pursuit of the inventive concept, a cover hood can be attached to a swivel table of the swivel drive unit, which at the same time covers the workpiece spindle and the linear drive unit, so that advantageously no separate sealing and / or protective measures are required here.
Hierbei kann die Abdeckhaube eine Öffnung aufweisen, durch die sich die Werkstückspindel bewegbar hindurch erstreckt, wobei zwischen einem Innenumfang der Öffnung und einem Außenumfang der Werkstückspindel ein Rollbalg angeordnet ist, der das Innere der Abdeckhaube gegenüber dem Arbeitsraum der Maschine abdichtet. Ein derartiger Rollbalg ist kostengünstig, dichtet zuverlässig ab, ist unanfällig für Verschleiß und setzt den linearen Bewegungen der Werkstückspindel auch nur einen sehr geringen Widerstand entgegen.Here, the cover may have an opening through which the workpiece spindle extends through movable, wherein between an inner periphery of the opening and an outer periphery of the workpiece spindle a rolling bellows is arranged, which seals the interior of the cover against the working space of the machine. Such a bellows is inexpensive, seals reliably, is not susceptible to wear and sets the linear movements of the workpiece spindle against only a very low resistance.
In diesem Zusammenhang ist es ebenfalls von Vorteil, wenn die Werkstückspindel eine aerostatische Lagerung aufweist. Die Abluft einer solchen Lagerung dient nämlich zugleich als Sperrluft, die verhindert, daß Kühlschmierstoff od.dgl. aus dem Arbeitsraum der Maschine durch ggf. vorhandene Spalte oder Ritzen in die Abdeckhaube bzw. die Werkstückspindel eindringen kann.In this context, it is also advantageous if the workpiece spindle has an aerostatic bearing. The exhaust air of such storage serves as a barrier air at the same time, which prevents cooling lubricant or the like. from the working space of the machine can penetrate through any existing gaps or cracks in the cover or the workpiece spindle.
In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Maschine kann ferner ein bezüglich eines Maschinengestells verschwenkbares Maschinenoberteil vorgesehen sein, das zusammen mit dem Maschinengestell den Arbeitsraum der Maschine begrenzt, wobei das Maschinenoberteil einen unteren, im wesentlichen ringzylindrischen Rand aufweist, der im geschlossenen Zustand des Maschinenoberteils formschlüssig in eine zugeordnete, im wesentlichen ringförmige Aussparung im Maschinengestell eingreift. Somit ist es einerseits möglich, den gesamten Arbeitsraum der Maschine für etwaige Wartungs-, Reparatur- und/oder Rüstarbeiten durch Hochschwenken des Maschinenoberteils freizulegen, wobei die jeweiligen Maschinenteile sehr gut zugänglich sind, während andererseits das Maschinenoberteil im heruntergeschwenkten Zustand durch besagten Eingriff mit dem Maschinengestell für eine zuverlässige Abdichtung des Arbeitsraums gegenüber der Umgebung sorgt.In a preferred embodiment of the machine can also be provided with respect to a machine frame pivotable machine head, which limits the working space of the machine together with the machine frame, wherein the machine upper part has a lower, substantially annular cylindrical edge, the form-fitting in the closed state of the machine shell in an associated , engages substantially annular recess in the machine frame. Thus, it is on the one hand possible to expose the entire working space of the machine for any maintenance, repair and / or set-up by pivoting the machine head, the respective machine parts are very accessible, while on the other hand, the machine head in the swung-down state by said engagement with the machine frame ensures a reliable sealing of the working space from the environment.
Schließlich kann das Maschinengestell vorzugsweise monolithisch aus Polymerbeton - auch als Mineralguß bezeichnet - ausgebildet sein. Dieses Material, bei dem es sich um einen Verbundwerkstoff handelt, bestehend aus einem mineralischen Füllstoffgemisch und einem Bindemittel auf Reaktionsharzbasis, hat u.a. eine hohe Masse sowie einen geringen thermischen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten, ist sehr steif und weist sehr gute Dämpfungseigenschaften auf, was insbesondere im Falle des Einsatzes einer Dreh-Bearbeitungseinheit mit einer Fast-Tool-Anordnung von Vorteil ist, um zu verhindern, daß von der Fast-Tool-Anordnung generierte Vibrationen störend über das Maschinengestell auf den Verstellmechanismus und damit die Werkstückspindel übertragen werden.Finally, the machine frame may preferably be made of monolithic polymer concrete - also known as mineral casting. This material, which is a composite material consisting of a mineral filler mixture and a binder based on reactive resin, has, inter alia, a high mass and a low coefficient of thermal expansion, is very stiff and has very good damping properties, especially in the case of use a rotary machining unit with a fast tool arrangement is advantageous in order to prevent vibrations generated by the fast tool arrangement from being transmitted to the adjusting mechanism and thus the workpiece spindle in a disturbing manner via the machine frame.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten, teilweise schematischen Zeichnungen näher erläutert, in denen gleiche Bezugszeichen gleiche bzw. entsprechende Teile kennzeichnen. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine perspektivische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Maschine zur Bearbeitung von optischen Werkstücken, namentlich Kunststoff-Brillengläsern, von schräg vorne/oben, ohne Maschinenoberteil (welches für eine bessere Einsicht in das Maschineninnere abgenommen wurde), deren werkzeugmäßige Ausstattung eine Fräs-Bearbeitungseinheit mit einer Werkzeugspindel und zwei Dreh-Bearbeitungseinheiten mit jeweils einer Fast-Tool-Anordnung umfaßt;
- Fig. 2
- eine Draufsicht auf die Maschine gemäß
Fig. 1 mit Blickrichtung von oben inFig. 1 ; - Fig. 3
- eine Teilschnittansicht der Maschine gemäß
Fig. 1 entsprechend der Schnittverlaufslinie III-III inFig. 2 , wobei zur Vereinfachung der Darstellung gegenüber denFig. 1 und2 ein Schaltschrank und eine Transporteinrichtung der Maschine weggelassen wurden; - Fig. 4
- eine Teilschnittansicht der Maschine gemäß
Fig. 1 entsprechend der Schnittverlaufslinie IV-IV inFig. 2 , wobei zur Vereinfachung der Darstellung gegenüber denFig. 1 und2 ein Schaltschrank der Maschine weggelassen wurde; - Fig. 5
- eine gegenüber den Teilschnittansichten gemäß den
Fig. 3 und 4 im Maßstab vergrößerte, abgebrochene Längsschnittansicht eines eine Werkstückspindel tragenden zentralen Verstellmechanismus der Maschine gemäßFig. 1 , der eine Schwenkantriebseinheit und eine darauf angeordnete Linearantriebseinheit umfaßt; - Fig. 6
- eine abgebrochene Schnittansicht des die Werkstückspindel tragenden zentralen Verstellmechanismus der Maschine gemäß
Fig. 1 entsprechend der Schnittverlaufslinie VI-VI inFig. 5 ; - Fig. 7
- eine perspektivische Ansicht der Maschine gemäß
Fig. 1 von schräg vorne/oben, mit dem Maschinenoberteil, welches sich in einer unteren, geschlossenen Position befindet, wobei zur Vereinfachung der Darstellung gegenüber derFig. 1 eine Transporteinrichtung der Maschine weggelassen wurde; - Fig. 8
- eine im Maßstab vergrößerte, abgebrochene Schnittansicht der Maschine gemäß
Fig. 1 entsprechend der Schnittverlaufslinie VIII-VIII inFig. 7 in einem Bereich, in dem das Maschinengestell und das Maschinenoberteil aneinandergrenzen; - Fig. 9
- eine der
Fig. 7 ähnliche, perspektivische Ansicht der Maschine gemäßFig. 1 von schräg vorne/oben, bei der eine in das Maschinengestell versenkbare Schiebetür an der Frontseite der Maschine geöffnet ist, um für einen Bediener einen Eingriff in den Arbeitsraum der Maschine zu gestatten; und - Fig. 10
- eine perspektivische Ansicht der Maschine gemäß
Fig. 1 von schräg vorne/oben, mit dem Maschinenoberteil, welches sich in einer oberen, geöffneten Position befindet, wobei zur Vereinfachung der Darstellung gegenüber derFig. 1 eine Transporteinrichtung und eine Lade/Entlade-Station der Maschine weggelassen wurden.
- Fig. 1
- a perspective view of a machine according to the invention for processing optical workpieces, especially plastic spectacle lenses, obliquely from the front / top, without machine head (which was removed for a better insight into the interior of the machine), the tooling equipment a milling machining unit with a tool spindle and two Turning processing units each having a fast tool arrangement comprises;
- Fig. 2
- a plan view of the machine according to
Fig. 1 with view from the top inFig. 1 ; - Fig. 3
- a partial sectional view of the machine according to
Fig. 1 according to the section line III-III inFig. 2 , wherein for the sake of simplicity of illustration with respect toFig. 1 and2 a control cabinet and a transport device of the machine have been omitted; - Fig. 4
- a partial sectional view of the machine according to
Fig. 1 according to the section line IV-IV inFig. 2 , wherein for the sake of simplicity of illustration with respect toFig. 1 and2 a cabinet of the machine has been omitted; - Fig. 5
- one opposite the partial sectional views according to the
3 and 4 in scale enlarged, broken longitudinal sectional view of a workpiece spindle bearing central adjustment mechanism of the machine according toFig. 1 comprising a pivot drive unit and a linear drive unit disposed thereon; - Fig. 6
- a broken sectional view of the workpiece spindle bearing central adjustment mechanism of the machine according to
Fig. 1 according to the section line VI-VI inFig. 5 ; - Fig. 7
- a perspective view of the machine according to
Fig. 1 obliquely from the front / top, with the machine head, which is in a lower, closed position, wherein for ease of illustration relative to theFig. 1 a transport device of the machine has been omitted; - Fig. 8
- an enlarged scale, broken sectional view of the machine according to
Fig. 1 according to the section line VIII-VIII inFig. 7 in an area where the machine frame and the machine head adjoin one another; - Fig. 9
- one of the
Fig. 7 similar, perspective view of the machine according toFig. 1 from obliquely front / top, in which a sliding into the machine frame sliding door is open at the front of the machine to to allow an operator to engage in the working space of the machine; and - Fig. 10
- a perspective view of the machine according to
Fig. 1 obliquely from the front / top, with the machine head, which is in an upper, open position, wherein for ease of illustration relative to theFig. 1 a transport device and a loading / unloading station of the machine have been omitted.
In den
- (a)
eine Werkstückspindel 12, mittels der das Brillenglas L um eine Werkstück-Drehachse B drehend antreibbar ist, - (b) wenigstens eine, im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sogar drei Bearbeitungseinheiten für die spanende Bearbeitung des an
der Werkstückspindel 12 gehaltenen Brillenglases L, nämlich zwei Dreh- 14, 16 mit jeweils einer Fast-Tool-Bearbeitungseinheiten 18, 20 zur Erzeugung einer Linearbewegung in Richtung F1 bzw. F2 für einen jeweils zugeordneten Drehmeißel 19, 21 als Werkzeug, sowie eine Fräs-Anordnung Bearbeitungseinheit 22 mit einerWerkzeugspindel 24 zur Erzeugung einer Drehbewegung um eine Werkzeug-Drehachse C fürein Fräswerkzeug 25, und - (c)
einen allgemein mit 26 bezifferten Verstellmechanismus zur Erzeugung einer Relativbewegung zwischen der Werkstückspindel 12 und 19, 21, 25, um (wenigstens) wahlweise ein Laden/Entladen oder ein Bearbeiten des Brillenglases L zu ermöglichen.dem jeweiligen Werkzeug
- (a) a
workpiece spindle 12, by means of which the spectacle lens L is rotatably drivable about a workpiece axis of rotation B, - (B) at least one, in the illustrated embodiment, even three processing units for the machining of the held on the
workpiece spindle 12 spectacle lens L, namely two 14, 16, each with arotary processing units 18, 20 for generating a linear movement in the direction F1 or F2 for a respective associated turningfast tool assembly tool 19, 21 as a tool, and amilling machining unit 22 with atool spindle 24 for generating a rotational movement about a tool axis of rotation C for amilling tool 25, and - (c) an adjusting mechanism, generally designated 26, for producing a relative movement between the
workpiece spindle 12 and the 19, 21, 25 to allow (at least) optionally loading / unloading or processing of the lens L;respective tool
Wesentlich ist, wie nachfolgend noch näher erläutert werden wird, daß der Verstellmechanismus 26 eine Linearantriebseinheit 28 sowie eine Schwenkantriebseinheit 30 aufweist (siehe die
Die Maschine 10 besitzt ein monolithisch aus Polymerbeton geformtes Maschinengestell 32, welches ausgehend von seiner Oberseite 34 mittig mit einer ringtrogartigen Ausnehmung 36 versehen ist, die einen Arbeitsraum 38 der Maschine 10 nach unten und seitlich begrenzt. Im Zentrum der Ausnehmung 36 ist ein Lagerauge 40 für den Verstellmechanismus 26 vorgesehen. In
Den
Die Schwenkantriebseinheit 30 hat einen Torquemotor 58, der - wie alle anderen Hauptantriebe der Maschine 10 auch - wassergekühlt ist (nicht näher dargestellt) und dazu dient, die Werkstückspindel 12 im Drehwinkel CNC-geregelt um die Schwenkachse A zu verschwenken. Gemäß den
Zwischen dem Unterteil 54 und dem Oberteil 56 des Lagerflanschs 52 ist ferner ein ringförmiges Wegmeßsystem 66 vorgesehen, welches den Rotor 62 des Torquemotors 58 umgibt und mittels dessen die Winkellage des Rotors 62 bezüglich des Stators 60 für die Winkellageregelung des Torquemotors 58 erfaßt werden kann. Als Alternative hierzu käme ein Hohlwellen-Drehgeber in Betracht.Between the
Oberhalb des Lagerflansch-Oberteils 56 ist ein Schwenktisch 68 am Rotor 62 des Torquemotors 58 befestigt, wobei zwischen dem Schwenktisch 68 und dem ortsfesten Oberteil 56 des Lagerflanschs 52 Ringdichtungen 70 vorgesehen sind, die die Schwenkantriebseinheit 30 gegenüber dem Arbeitsraum 38 der Maschine abdichten. Zusätzlich kann hier eine Sperrluftbeaufschlagung erfolgen (nicht näher gezeigt), die auch verhindert, daß Kühlmittel in die Schwenkantriebseinheit 30 eintritt.Above the bearing flange
Zur Schwenkantriebseinheit 30 zu erwähnen wäre schließlich noch, daß durch den als Hohlwelle ausgeführten Rotor 62 sämtliche elektrischen Energie- und Signalleitungen sowie Luft- und Kühlmittelschläuche zu den auf dem Schwenktisch 68 montierten Baugruppen hindurch geführt sind (nicht näher dargestellt).Finally, mention should be made of the
Insbesondere die
Zwischen den Führungsschienen 72 ist ein Linearmotor 78 angeordnet, mittels dessen der Y-Schlitten 74 relativ zum Schwenktisch 68 beweg- bzw. verstellbar ist, und zwar CNC-lagegeregelt in beiden Richtungen der Y-Achse (das zugehörige Wegmeßsystem ist zur Vereinfachung der Darstellung nicht gezeigt). Während der Stator 80 des Linearmotors 78 am Schwenktisch 68 befestigt ist, ist der Läufer 82 des Linearmotors 78 am Y-Schlitten 74 montiert, auf dem wiederum die Werkstückspindel 12 befestigt ist.Between the guide rails 72, a
Die Werkstückspindel 12 ist an sich bekannt und braucht daher an dieser Stelle nicht weiter beschrieben werden. Erwähnt werden soll lediglich, daß die Werkstückspindel 12 eine aerostatische Lagerung aufweist (nicht näher gezeigt), deren Abluft vorteilhaft zur Abdichtung gegenüber dem Arbeitsraum 38 beiträgt, und mit einer doppeltwirkenden Kolben-Zylinder-Anordnung 84 für die Betätigung einer Spannzange 86 versehen ist (siehe
Insbesondere in den
Aus der obigen Beschreibung ist soweit ersichtlich, daß die Werkstückspindel 12 mittels des aus Linearantriebseinheit 28 und Schwenkantriebseinheit 30 bestehenden Verstellmechanismus 26 CNC-lagegeregelt (A-Achse, Y-Achse) in einer bezüglich der Schwenkachse A senkrecht verlaufenden Ebene bewegbar ist, während das Brillenglas L im Drehwinkel CNC-lagegeregelt (B-Achse) um die Werkstück-Drehachse B drehbar ist. Somit kann das Brillenglas L von einer Bearbeitungseinheit od.dgl. zur nächsten Bearbeitungseinheit od.dgl. bewegt werden (A-Achse), bezüglich einer Bearbeitungseinheit od.dgl. quer zu dieser (A-Achse, ggf. mit Y-Achse kombiniert, insbesondere für Vorschubbewegungen) und/oder bezüglich einer Bearbeitungseinheit od.dgl. in Richtung auf diese zu bzw. von dieser weg (Y-Achse, insbesondere für Zustellbewegungen). Dieses Konzept führt nicht nur zu einem sehr kompakten Aufbau der Maschine 10, sondern auch zu einer - verglichen mit einer für die Bewegung der Werkstückspindel vorgesehenen Kreuztischanordnung, die im Verhältnis lange Linearführungen aufweist - erhöhten Genauigkeit bei der Bearbeitung.From the above description it can be seen so far that the
Insbesondere die
Wie insbesondere in der
In Drehrichtung gegen den Uhrzeigersinn um die Schwenkachse A gesehen folgt gemäß insbesondere den
Auf die Lade/Entlade-Station 100 folgt wiederum in Drehrichtung gegen den Uhrzeigersinn um die Schwenkachse A gesehen die Fräs-Bearbeitungseinheit 22 (siehe insbesondere die
Danach folgt die zweite Dreh-Bearbeitungseinheit 16. Diese entspricht grundsätzlich der ersten Dreh-Bearbeitungseinheit 14, kann aber den jeweiligen Bearbeitungserfordernissen entsprechend mit einem anderen Drehmeißel 21 versehen sein, ggf. auch mit einem Gravierstichel, wie in der älteren deutschen Patentanmeldung
Zum Gravieren bzw. Markieren der Brillengläser L könnte, sofern überhaupt gewünscht bzw. benötigt, aber auch eine andere Einrichtung zum Einsatz kommen, z.B. ein Laser oder ein Gravierstichel, der ähnlich wie ein Taster aerostatisch gelagert ist und mittels eines Voice-Coil-Antriebs angetrieben wird, wobei letzterer auch deutlich kleiner dimensioniert werden könnte als die hier dargestellten Fast-Tool-Anordnungen 18, 20. Eine solche Einrichtung könnte etwa auf der noch freien Flanschfläche 44 des Maschinengestells 32 montiert werden (siehe
Gegen den Uhrzeigersinn um die Schwenkachse A gesehen nach der zweiten Dreh-Bearbeitungseinheit 16 folgt schließlich eine Meßstation 106 zum Vermessen der Brillengläser L. Hierbei kann es sich um einen an sich bekannten Formtaster handeln, mittels dessen das Brillenglas L in situ vermessen werden kann. Ebenfalls denkbar sind Vorrichtungen zum berührungslosen, z.B. optischen Vermessen der Brillengläser L. Ist eine solche Meßstation 106 vorhanden, kann die Maschine 10 - namentlich deren Dreh-Bearbeitungseinheiten 14, 16 - automatisch kalibriert werden, wie in der
Auf dem Maschinengestell 32 könnte auch noch eine zusätzliche Cribbing-Spindel mit einem in den Arbeitsraum 38 vorstehenden Fräswerkzeug zum (Vor)Randen der Brillengläser L vorgesehen sein (nicht gezeigt), deren Drehachse vorzugsweise in der gleichen Ebene liegen würde wie die Werkstück-Drehachse B, wie etwa aus der
Weitere Details der Kapselung des Arbeitsraums 38 der Maschine 10 sind den
Des weiteren hat die Maschine 10 ein Maschinenoberteil 114, welches mittels Scharnieren 116 im Bereich des Schaltschranks 50 angelenkt bezüglich des Maschinengestells 32 verschwenkbar ist, und zwar zwischen einer unteren, geschlossenen Stellung (
Es wird eine Maschine zur Bearbeitung von optischen Werkstücken offenbart, umfassend eine Werkstückspindel, mittels der das Werkstück um eine Werkstück-Drehachse (B) drehend antreibbar ist, wenigstens eine Bearbeitungseinheit, die ein Werkzeug aufweist, mittels dessen das Werkstück spanend bearbeitbar ist, und einen Verstellmechanismus zur Erzeugung einer Relativbewegung zwischen Werkstückspindel und Werkzeug, um wahlweise ein Laden/ Entladen oder ein Bearbeiten des Werkstücks zu ermöglichen. Eine Besonderheit besteht darin, daß der Verstellmechanismus eine Linearantriebseinheit und eine Schwenkantriebseinheit aufweist, die aufeinander angeordnet sind, wobei die Werkstückspindel mittels der Schwenkantriebseinheit um eine Schwenkachse (A) schwenkbar ist, die senkrecht zur Werkstück-Drehachse steht, während die Werkstückspindel mittels der Linearantriebseinheit entlang einer Linearachse (Y) bewegbar ist, die insbesondere senkrecht zur Schwenkachse und parallel zur Werkstück-Drehachse verläuft. Im Ergebnis wird eine sehr kompakt bauende Maschine geschaffen, bei der sich insbesondere der Arbeitsraum sehr einfach abkapseln läßt.It discloses a machine for processing optical workpieces, comprising a workpiece spindle, by means of which the workpiece about a workpiece axis of rotation (B) is rotatably driven, at least one machining unit having a tool, by means of which the workpiece is machinable, and a Adjustment mechanism for generating a relative movement between the workpiece spindle and tool, to allow either a loading / unloading or editing of the workpiece. A special feature is that the adjusting mechanism has a linear drive unit and a pivot drive unit, which are arranged on each other, wherein the workpiece spindle by means of the pivot drive unit about a pivot axis (A) is pivotable, which is perpendicular to the workpiece axis of rotation, while the workpiece spindle by means of the linear drive unit along a linear axis (Y) is movable, which in particular runs perpendicular to the pivot axis and parallel to the workpiece axis of rotation. As a result, a very compact machine is created in which in particular the working space can be very easily encapsulated.
- 1010
- Maschinemachine
- 1212
- WerkstückspindelWorkpiece spindle
- 1414
- Dreh-BearbeitungseinheitRotation processing unit
- 1616
- Dreh-BearbeitungseinheitRotation processing unit
- 1818
- Fast-Tool-AnordnungFast tool arrangement
- 1919
- Drehmeißellathe tool
- 2020
- Fast-Tool-AnordnungFast tool arrangement
- 2121
- Drehmeißellathe tool
- 2222
- Fräs-BearbeitungseinheitMilling machining unit
- 2424
- Werkzeugspindeltool spindle
- 2525
- Fräswerkzeugmilling tool
- 2626
- Verstellmechanismusadjustment
- 2828
- LinearantriebseinheitLinear drive unit
- 3030
- SchwenkantriebseinheitSwivel drive unit
- 3232
- Maschinengestellmachine frame
- 3434
- Oberseitetop
- 3636
- Ausnehmungrecess
- 3838
- Arbeitsraumworking space
- 4040
- Lageraugebearing eye
- 4242
- Abflußoutflow
- 4444
- Flanschflächeflange
- 4646
- Transporteinrichtungtransport means
- 4848
- Arbeitskastenwork box
- 5050
- Schaltschrankswitch cabinet
- 5252
- LagerflanschLagerflansch
- 5454
- Unterteillower part
- 5656
- Oberteiltop
- 5858
- Torquemotortorque motor
- 6060
- Statorstator
- 6262
- Rotorrotor
- 6464
- Axial-Radial-Nadellager-AnordnungAxial-radial needle bearing assembly
- 6666
- Wegmeßsystemmeasuring system
- 6868
- SchwenktischRotary table
- 7070
- Ringdichtungring seal
- 7272
- Führungsschieneguide rail
- 7474
- Y-SchlittenY carriage
- 7676
- Führungswagencarriages
- 7878
- Linearmotorlinear motor
- 8080
- Statorstator
- 8282
- Läuferrunner
- 8484
- Kolben-Zylinder-AnordnungPiston-cylinder arrangement
- 8686
- Spannzangecollet
- 8888
- Elektromotorelectric motor
- 9090
- Abdeckhaubecover
- 9292
- InneresInterior
- 9494
- Dichtprofilsealing profile
- 9696
- Öffnungopening
- 9898
- Rollbalgbellows
- 100100
- Lade/Entlade-StationLoad / unload station
- 102102
- Lademechanismusloading mechanism
- 104104
- Türdoor
- 106106
- Meßstationmeasuring station
- 108108
- Schiebetürsliding door
- 110110
- Abdeckungcover
- 112112
- Bedienpultcontrol panel
- 114114
- MaschinenoberteilMachine head
- 116116
- Scharnierhinge
- 118118
- Sichtfensterwindow
- 120120
- Randedge
- 122122
- Aussparungrecess
- 124124
- Dichtungpoetry
- AA
- Schwenkachseswivel axis
- BB
- Werkstück-DrehachseWorkpiece rotation axis
- CC
- Werkzeug-DrehachseTool axis of rotation
- F1F1
- Linearachse 1. Fast-Tool-AnordnungLinear axis 1. Fast tool arrangement
- F2F2
- Linearachse 2. Fast-Tool-AnordnungLinear axis 2. Fast tool arrangement
- LL
- Brillenglaslens
- YY
- Linearachselinear axis
Claims (14)
einer Werkstückspindel (12), mittels der das Werkstück (L) um eine Werkstück-Drehachse (B) drehend antreibbar ist,
wenigstens einer Bearbeitungseinheit (14, 16, 22), die ein Werkzeug (19, 21, 25) aufweist, mittels dessen das an der Werkstückspindel (12) gehaltene Werkstück (L) spanend bearbeitbar ist, und
einem Verstellmechanismus (26) zur Erzeugung einer Relativbewegung zwischen der Werkstückspindel (12) und dem Werkzeug (19, 21, 25), um wahlweise ein Laden/Entladen oder ein Bearbeiten des Werkstücks (L) zu ermöglichen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Verstellmechanismus (26) eine Linearantriebseinheit (28) und eine Schwenkantriebseinheit (30) aufweist, die aufeinander angeordnet sind, wobei die Werkstückspindel (12) mittels der Schwenkantriebseinheit (30) um eine Schwenkachse (A) schwenkbar ist, die im wesentlichen senkrecht zur Werkstück-Drehachse (B) steht, während die Werkstückspindel (12) mittels der Linearantriebseinheit (28) entlang einer Linearachse (Y) bewegbar ist, die im wesentlichen senkrecht zur Schwenkachse (A) und im wesentlichen parallel zur Werkstück-Drehachse (B) oder im wesentlichen parallel zur Schwenkachse (A) und im wesentlichen senkrecht zur Werkstück-Drehachse (B) verläuft.Machine (10) for processing optical workpieces (L), in particular of plastic spectacle lenses, with
a workpiece spindle (12), by means of which the workpiece (L) is rotatably drivable about a workpiece axis of rotation (B),
at least one processing unit (14, 16, 22), which has a tool (19, 21, 25), by means of which the workpiece (L) held on the workpiece spindle (12) can be machined, and
an adjustment mechanism (26) for generating a relative movement between the workpiece spindle (12) and the tool (19, 21, 25) to selectively allow loading / unloading or machining of the workpiece (L),
characterized in that the adjusting mechanism (26) comprises a linear drive unit (28) and a pivot drive unit (30) arranged one upon the other, the work spindle (12) being pivotable about a pivot axis (A) by means of the pivot drive unit (30) is substantially perpendicular to the workpiece axis of rotation (B), while the workpiece spindle (12) by means of the linear drive unit (28) along a linear axis (Y) is movable substantially perpendicular to the pivot axis (A) and substantially parallel to the workpiece axis of rotation ( B) or substantially parallel to the pivot axis (A) and substantially perpendicular to the workpiece axis of rotation (B).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007031703A DE102007031703A1 (en) | 2007-07-06 | 2007-07-06 | Machine for processing optical workpieces, in particular plastic spectacle lenses |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2011603A1 true EP2011603A1 (en) | 2009-01-07 |
EP2011603B1 EP2011603B1 (en) | 2010-05-26 |
EP2011603B2 EP2011603B2 (en) | 2014-07-30 |
Family
ID=39790963
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08010854.1A Active EP2011603B2 (en) | 2007-07-06 | 2008-06-14 | Machine for machining optical work pieces, in particular plastic spectacle lenses |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7975356B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2011603B2 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5198957B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101337281B (en) |
AT (1) | ATE468939T1 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0803511B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE102007031703A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2345575T5 (en) |
HK (1) | HK1121425A1 (en) |
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DE102021004831A1 (en) | 2021-09-24 | 2023-03-30 | Satisloh Ag | METHOD FOR MACHINING OPTICAL WORKPIECES, ESPECIALLY PLASTIC GLASSES LENSES |
DE102021005202A1 (en) | 2021-10-19 | 2023-04-20 | Satisloh Ag | Holder for processing optical workpieces, especially spectacle lenses |
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US9776293B2 (en) | 2012-03-09 | 2017-10-03 | Nidek Co., Ltd. | Eyeglass lens processing apparatus |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7975356B2 (en) | 2011-07-12 |
JP5198957B2 (en) | 2013-05-15 |
DE102007031703A1 (en) | 2009-01-08 |
ATE468939T1 (en) | 2010-06-15 |
DE502008000706D1 (en) | 2010-07-08 |
US20090011688A1 (en) | 2009-01-08 |
EP2011603B2 (en) | 2014-07-30 |
BRPI0803511B1 (en) | 2019-05-28 |
EP2011603B1 (en) | 2010-05-26 |
JP2009012178A (en) | 2009-01-22 |
HK1121425A1 (en) | 2009-04-24 |
ES2345575T5 (en) | 2014-09-30 |
ES2345575T3 (en) | 2010-09-27 |
CN101337281A (en) | 2009-01-07 |
BRPI0803511A2 (en) | 2009-04-07 |
CN101337281B (en) | 2013-04-24 |
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