EP2000550A1 - Matière première à base d'alliage de CrNi, demi-produit, composants pour un moteur à combustion et procédé de fabrication de la matière première et du demi-produit - Google Patents

Matière première à base d'alliage de CrNi, demi-produit, composants pour un moteur à combustion et procédé de fabrication de la matière première et du demi-produit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2000550A1
EP2000550A1 EP08154516A EP08154516A EP2000550A1 EP 2000550 A1 EP2000550 A1 EP 2000550A1 EP 08154516 A EP08154516 A EP 08154516A EP 08154516 A EP08154516 A EP 08154516A EP 2000550 A1 EP2000550 A1 EP 2000550A1
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Prior art keywords
weight
content
component
weight percent
gas
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Application number
EP08154516A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Dietmar Schlager
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Wartsila NSD Schweiz AG
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Wartsila NSD Schweiz AG
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Publication date
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Priority to EP08154516A priority Critical patent/EP2000550A1/fr
Publication of EP2000550A1 publication Critical patent/EP2000550A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/045—Alloys based on refractory metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
    • C22C27/06—Alloys based on chromium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
    • B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/166—Selection of particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/90—Selection of particular materials
    • F02M2200/9053—Metals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
    • F02M61/182—Discharge orifices being situated in different transversal planes with respect to valve member direction of movement

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a material based on a CrNi alloy for producing a semifinished product as a starting material for the formation of a component of an internal combustion engine, in particular large diesel engine, a semi-finished product of a material according to the invention, and a component produced from the semifinished product for an internal combustion engine. Moreover, the invention relates to a method for producing a material, and to a method for producing a semifinished product by means of an isostatic pressing method.
  • hot isostatic pressure HIP
  • semi-finished products as a starting material for example for components of internal combustion engines, especially for diesel engine components.
  • engine components include pre-chambers for four-stroke engines, especially diesel engines, especially large diesel engines or fuel atomizers or fuel nozzle heads for two- and four-stroke engines of all kinds and so on.
  • alloys can be produced with the aforementioned HIP processes, as they can not be produced by melt metallurgy or by other processes or can only be prepared with great effort.
  • the fuel - typically a heavy oil or other diesel fuel - is introduced by means of fuel injection nozzles in the combustion chamber.
  • fuel injection nozzles normally include a nozzle head partially projecting into the combustion chamber, also referred to as a nebulizer.
  • the nozzle head is a wear part, which is subject to a high thermal, mechanical and chemical load collective.
  • damage to the nozzle head may occur, for example material removal as a result of corrosion, erosion and / or abrasion, or even cracks that can lead to breakup.
  • the mechanical loads are also based on the high injection pressure, which can be over a thousand bar. Inside the nozzle head, material losses due to cavitation and / or erosion can occur.
  • the thermal loads are based on the high temperatures in the combustion chamber and the enormous temperature changes between the combustion temperature and the temperature of the freshly supplied purge air. Also in the interior of the nozzle head, through which the fuel is introduced, the intermittent injection leads to shock-like temperature changes.
  • the chemical load of the nozzle head is mainly due to high temperature or hot corrosion. Hot corrosion, which is primarily caused by vanadium, sodium and sulfur contained in the fuel, promotes material degradation and erosion. In particular, the corrosion is the reason that a nozzle head can be unusable after a few thousand hours of operation and must be replaced.
  • alloys with high chromium and nickel content in which the chromium and nickel content is, for example, around 50% weight percent, but above all, alloys with a chromium content of more than 50% - weight percent, such as Cr / Ni 65/35 alloys, which are produced by means of a HIP process mentioned above, have very good properties in relation to the above-mentioned problems with high-temperature or hot corrosion.
  • Such materials with high chromium content and excellent chemical properties in terms of high-temperature and hot corrosion are already in the EP 1 353 061 disclosed and described in detail.
  • these materials produced by HIP processes have rather poor toughness properties, e.g. in very low impact values. That is, these known alloys are relatively brittle and less ductile, which is known to result in low impact values.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to propose a material and components produced therefrom, in particular components for engines, in particular a nozzle head or an antechamber for the injection of fuel, which is better adapted to the high load collective in the large diesel engine and in particular a high ductility and, consequently, a in comparison with the known materials has significantly increased impact energy, the material should also have excellent chemical properties in terms of high-temperature and hot corrosion.
  • the Cr content of the material in weight percent is 50% ⁇ x ⁇ 100%
  • the Ni content of the material in weight% is y> 0%
  • the component A z is contained in the material at 0% ⁇ z ⁇ 50% by weight
  • a nitrogen content of the material is 0.01% ⁇ k ⁇ 0.1% -weight percent.
  • notches were measured as a function of the nitrogen concentration on a NiCr material: 8.84J / m 2 at 0.01% weight percent nitrogen, 6.3 J / m 2 at 0.067% weight percent nitrogen, 3.37 J / m 2 at 0.085% weight percent nitrogen, 2.1 J / m 2 at 0.2% weight percent nitrogen, 0.98 J / m 2 at 0.56% weight percent nitrogen.
  • the increase in impact energy as a function of a falling nitrogen concentration may also follow another law.
  • the invention can be used advantageously not only in the abovementioned materials, but leads, for example, to also with other related materials to similarly good results.
  • the nitrogen content of a material according to the invention is 0.01% ⁇ k ⁇ 0.1% -weight percent, in particular 0.01% ⁇ k ⁇ 0.05% -weight percent, in particular the nitrogen content is 0.02% -weight percent.
  • which nitrogen content is chosen concretely depends in particular on the requirements in terms of impact energy and on the ductility of the semifinished product and the components to be produced therefrom.
  • the chromium content of the material is 52% ⁇ x ⁇ 100% by weight, in particular 52% ⁇ x ⁇ 70% by weight, in particular approximately 65% by weight, and is particularly advantageous, depending on the component to be produced or the field of application preferably 52% ⁇ x ⁇ 60% by weight, in particular 54% ⁇ x ⁇ 58% by weight, the nickel content being at least 20% by weight.
  • the particular proportion of the base materials Cr and Ni in this case depends inter alia, but not only, on the requirements with regard to hot corrosion and temperature stress, the expected chemical and physical attacks and other environmental conditions from which the component to be manufactured from the material will be exposed in the operating state.
  • a material according to the invention may e.g. also contain oxygen, the oxygen content of the material preferably being e.g. 0.01% ⁇ O ⁇ 0.5% - may be wt%, in particular 0.01% ⁇ O ⁇ 0.2% - wt%, and in particular about 0.1% weight percent.
  • the high chromium content of the inventive material is of particular importance for the resistance to intense attacks by high-temperature corrosion, as they typically occur in the combustion chamber of a large diesel engine operated with heavy oil. Chromium forms dense and firmly adhering chromium oxide layers on the surface of the nozzle heads, which give the material good chemical resistance. Due to the high chromium content, chromium can also quickly diffuse from the interior of the nozzle head to the surface of the nozzle head and heal there incurred injuries in the oxide layer.
  • the material contains at least one reactive element from the group consisting of the elements lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), yttrium (Y), hafnium (Hf), scandium (Sc) and the rare earth, wherein the content of each reactive element is at most 5% by weight.
  • the reactive element from the group consisting of the elements lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), yttrium (Y), hafnium (Hf), scandium (Sc) and the rare earth, wherein the content of each reactive element is at most 5% by weight.
  • the function of the reactive elements in the material is to positively influence the stability of the chromium oxide layer within itself and its adhesion to the nozzle head. Even small amounts of such reactive elements can significantly improve the oxidation behavior and in particular the adhesion of the oxide layer, especially during thermal cycling.
  • the nickel content is preferably at least 20% by weight and in particular at least 30% by weight.
  • the material contains at least one element from the group consisting of the elements Si, C, S, P, Al, Zr, B, Mo, Fe, and Mn, the content of Si being at most 1%.
  • % By weight, in particular not more than 0.6% by weight and the content of C is not more than 1% by weight, in particular not more than 0.6% by weight and the content of S, P, Al, Zr, B, Mo, Fe and Mn is in each case not more than 1% - Is percent by weight, in particular at most 0.1% weight percent.
  • each reactive element is at most 1% by weight, in particular at most 0.2% by weight.
  • the content of carbon (C) is in certain cases preferably at most 1% by weight, in particular at most 0.05% by weight and the content of silicon (Si) at most 1% by weight, in particular at most 0.5% by weight.
  • the material is a gas atomized metal powder, which metal powder preferably has a main particle size of 10 .mu.m to 200 .mu.m, in particular from 45 .mu.m to 150 .mu.m. By this is meant that the majority of the powder grains have a size of 10 to 200 micrometers, in particular 40 to 150 micrometers within a particle size distribution.
  • the invention further relates to a semifinished product of a material according to the invention, which is used as a starting material for producing corresponding components, wherein the semifinished product according to the present invention by a hot isostatic pressing process, also called HIP process, is generated.
  • a hot isostatic pressing process also called HIP process
  • components that can be produced from a semifinished product according to the invention in particular, but not only, for example, fuel atomizers, in particular nozzle heads for fuel injectors for a two-stroke or four-stroke engine, in particular for a two-stroke large diesel engine in question.
  • fuel atomizers in particular nozzle heads for fuel injectors for a two-stroke or four-stroke engine, in particular for a two-stroke large diesel engine in question.
  • a pre-chamber for a four-stroke engine or another component of an internal combustion engine in particular those components which are exposed to high temperatures and / or hot corrosion in the operating state can be made very advantageous from a semifinished product according to the invention.
  • nozzle heads for fuel injection nozzles for use in an internal combustion engine in particular a large diesel engine, which are produced from a semifinished product according to the invention or a material according to the invention.
  • the claimed chromium-based alloys prove to be particularly resistant to corrosion, especially hot corrosion, erosion, abrasion, material loss and cavitation.
  • a nozzle head which is made of such a chromium-based alloy, can withstand the high load collective in the large diesel engine very well. Its mechanical strength, resistance to cracking or fractures and its long-lasting resistance to pulsation stress meet the requirements.
  • the nozzle head has a longitudinal bore and at least one nozzle hole emanating from the longitudinal bore for introducing fuel into a combustion chamber, wherein the transition from the longitudinal bore to the nozzle hole is rounded, preferably electro-chemically (eluted). By rounding the transition areas, sharp edges in the flow path of the fuel are avoided, whereby the flow conditions are optimized.
  • the nozzle head according to the invention is particularly suitable for a fuel injection nozzle for an internal combustion engine, especially one Diesel engine.
  • a fuel injection nozzle for an internal combustion engine especially one Diesel engine.
  • Particularly suitable is the nozzle head according to the invention or the fuel injection nozzle provided therefor for large diesel engines, for example longitudinally purged two-stroke large diesel engines with crosshead drive or four-stroke large diesel engines.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing a material and a semifinished product according to the present invention, wherein the material is produced by a gas atomization method, and as the atomizing gas, a noble gas, in particular argon and / or helium is used and the semifinished product by a hot isostatic pressing method in a Process chamber is generated.
  • a gas atomization method as the atomizing gas, a noble gas, in particular argon and / or helium is used and the semifinished product by a hot isostatic pressing method in a Process chamber is generated.
  • the nitrogen content in the material can be reduced to concentrations below 0.1% weight percent.
  • a process pressure of a process gas in the process chamber greater than 800 bar, in particular greater than 1000 bar, is preferably selected.
  • a process temperature of the process gas in the process chamber is chosen in practice greater than 800 ° C, preferably about 1100 ° C or above.
  • a typical process time for producing the semifinished product is between 2 hours and 5 hours, and is preferably selected for about 3 hours.
  • a noble gas in particular argon, in particular high-purity argon, is preferably used as the process gas, so that subsequent incorporation of nitrogen into the semifinished product during the HIP process can be prevented.
  • Fig. 1 is exemplary of a semi-finished product, which was produced from a CrNi material according to the present invention, the dependence of the notch impact work on the nitrogen content of the material shown.
  • the circles in the diagram correspond to measured values of the notch impact work on different samples with the respective content of nitrogen indicated on the abscissa. The pertinent impact work is dismantled on the ordinate.
  • the five samples corresponding to the five circles in the diagram differ essentially in the values of the nitrogen concentration indicated on the abscissa. Otherwise, the samples were chemically nearly identical with a chromium content of more than 50% by weight.
  • Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of a fuel injector of a large diesel engine, especially a two-stroke large diesel engine with longitudinal purge.
  • the fuel injection nozzle 2 comprises an embodiment of a nozzle head 1, 11 according to the invention, which is fastened to a nozzle body 5.
  • the nozzle head 1, 11 - as shown - releasably connected to the nozzle body 5, so that the nozzle head 1, 11 is separately replaceable, that is, without the entire fuel injector 2 must be replaced.
  • the nozzle head 1, 11 has a longitudinal bore 3, and a plurality, for example five, nozzle holes 4, of which in Fig. 1 only two are shown.
  • the nozzle holes 4 each extend from the longitudinal bore 3 and extend from there in a radial, slightly downwardly inclined direction.
  • the fuel usually a heavy oil or other diesel fuel, in a conventional manner intermittently adapted to the duty cycle of the large diesel engine injected under high pressure through the longitudinal bore 3 and the nozzle holes 4 in the combustion chamber, not shown.
  • the nozzle head 1, 11 is made of a material that is a chromium-based alloy comprising a reactive element, wherein the chromium content is greater than 50% by weight, and the nitrogen content is approximately 0.2% by weight nitrogen.
  • a reactive element is an element from the group of rare earth metals or a similar metal. Particularly suitable are lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), yttrium (Y), hafnium (Hf), scandium (Sc).
  • the material has a high nickel content of 20% to 50% by weight, inter alia, to ensure better machinability.
  • the nickel content of the alloy is above 45% by weight and the reactive element is lanthanum with a weight fraction of less than 0.1% by weight.
  • the rest is chromium.
  • the material comprises more than one reactive element.
  • each reactive element is contained at most 1% by weight, especially at most 0.2% by weight based on the weight.
  • the semifinished product or the nozzle head 1, 11 according to the invention is preferably produced by means of a hot isostatic pressing process (HIP: hot isostatic pressing).
  • HIP hot isostatic pressing
  • the starting materials - in this case chromium, nickel and lanthanum as a reactive element - are atomized into powder by means of high-purity argon to reduce the nitrogen content in the material.
  • the grain size of the powder is in this embodiment, for the most part between 45 and 150 microns.
  • the process parameters for hot isostatic pressing can be optimized for the respective application.
  • the inventive material or the nozzle head 1, 11 produced therefrom has an excellent resistance to hot corrosion and the associated loss of material, due to the low nitrogen content at the same time a high impact energy and thus a significantly increased ductility of the material is achieved.
  • the nozzle head according to the invention is thus suitable, in particular, for future generations of large diesel engines, which are even more powerful and place even greater demands on the load capacity of the nozzle heads.
  • already in operation engines can be retrofitted with components that are made of a material or semifinished product of the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
EP08154516A 2007-06-08 2008-04-15 Matière première à base d'alliage de CrNi, demi-produit, composants pour un moteur à combustion et procédé de fabrication de la matière première et du demi-produit Withdrawn EP2000550A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP08154516A EP2000550A1 (fr) 2007-06-08 2008-04-15 Matière première à base d'alliage de CrNi, demi-produit, composants pour un moteur à combustion et procédé de fabrication de la matière première et du demi-produit

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07109925 2007-06-08
EP08154516A EP2000550A1 (fr) 2007-06-08 2008-04-15 Matière première à base d'alliage de CrNi, demi-produit, composants pour un moteur à combustion et procédé de fabrication de la matière première et du demi-produit

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2000550A1 true EP2000550A1 (fr) 2008-12-10

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EP08154516A Withdrawn EP2000550A1 (fr) 2007-06-08 2008-04-15 Matière première à base d'alliage de CrNi, demi-produit, composants pour un moteur à combustion et procédé de fabrication de la matière première et du demi-produit

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2000550A1 (fr)
JP (2) JP5711443B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101534536B1 (fr)
CN (2) CN104674094A (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0803766A2 (fr)
RU (1) RU2008122858A (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2228462A1 (fr) 2009-03-09 2010-09-15 Wärtsilä Schweiz AG Procédé d'application d'un revêtement sur une surface d'assise d'une pièce usinée, et pièce usinée dotée d'une surface d'assise revêtue

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK2975237T3 (da) * 2014-07-14 2019-05-06 Winterthur Gas & Diesel Ltd Forkammerbundsektion, forkammer, cylinderindretning, fremgangsmåde til blanding af gas og luft og antænding af gas-luft-blandingen i et forkammer og fremgangsmåde til udskiftning af et forkammer
US11180833B2 (en) 2016-03-30 2021-11-23 Hitachi, Ltd. Chromium-based two-phase alloy and product using said two-phase alloy
WO2018186298A1 (fr) * 2017-04-03 2018-10-11 日立金属株式会社 PRODUIT D'ALLIAGE À BASE DE Cr-Fe-Ni ET SON PROCÉDÉ DE FABRICATION

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62260037A (ja) * 1986-05-06 1987-11-12 Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> 耐食性高クロム合金
JPS63195238A (ja) * 1987-02-10 1988-08-12 Kubota Ltd 電気めつき用通電ロ−ル合金
JPH04221037A (ja) * 1990-12-21 1992-08-11 Tosoh Corp 高温耐食材料及びその製造方法
JPH09279287A (ja) * 1996-04-10 1997-10-28 Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd 粒子分散型粉末耐熱合金
EP1353061A2 (fr) 2002-04-11 2003-10-15 Wärtsilä Schweiz AG Matériau pour tête d'aiguille d'injecteur et tête d'aiguille composée de ce matériau
WO2004030850A1 (fr) * 2002-10-07 2004-04-15 Man B & W Diesel A/S Procede de fabrication d'une buse pour une soupape a carburant de moteur diesel, et buse ainsi obtenue

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DK173136B1 (da) * 1996-05-15 2000-02-07 Man B & W Diesel As Bevægeligt vægelement i form af en udstødsventilspindel eller et stempel i en forbrændingsmotor.
JP2003155536A (ja) * 2001-11-20 2003-05-30 Daido Steel Co Ltd Ｃｒ高延性材料とその製造方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62260037A (ja) * 1986-05-06 1987-11-12 Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> 耐食性高クロム合金
JPS63195238A (ja) * 1987-02-10 1988-08-12 Kubota Ltd 電気めつき用通電ロ−ル合金
JPH04221037A (ja) * 1990-12-21 1992-08-11 Tosoh Corp 高温耐食材料及びその製造方法
JPH09279287A (ja) * 1996-04-10 1997-10-28 Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd 粒子分散型粉末耐熱合金
EP1353061A2 (fr) 2002-04-11 2003-10-15 Wärtsilä Schweiz AG Matériau pour tête d'aiguille d'injecteur et tête d'aiguille composée de ce matériau
WO2004030850A1 (fr) * 2002-10-07 2004-04-15 Man B & W Diesel A/S Procede de fabrication d'une buse pour une soupape a carburant de moteur diesel, et buse ainsi obtenue

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PRICE P E ET AL: "HOT ISOSTATIC PRESSING OF METAL POWDERS", POWDER METALLURGY, METALS HANDBOOK, METALS PARK, ASM, US, vol. VOL. 7, 1984, pages 419 - 442, XP002188392 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2228462A1 (fr) 2009-03-09 2010-09-15 Wärtsilä Schweiz AG Procédé d'application d'un revêtement sur une surface d'assise d'une pièce usinée, et pièce usinée dotée d'une surface d'assise revêtue

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Publication number Publication date
CN101319288A (zh) 2008-12-10
RU2008122858A (ru) 2009-12-20
JP5711443B2 (ja) 2015-04-30
BRPI0803766A2 (pt) 2009-08-18
CN104674094A (zh) 2015-06-03
KR20080108013A (ko) 2008-12-11
KR101534536B1 (ko) 2015-07-07
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