EP1999359A1 - Verfahren zur bestimmung einer öffnungsspannung eines piezoelektrischen injektors - Google Patents
Verfahren zur bestimmung einer öffnungsspannung eines piezoelektrischen injektorsInfo
- Publication number
- EP1999359A1 EP1999359A1 EP07712521A EP07712521A EP1999359A1 EP 1999359 A1 EP1999359 A1 EP 1999359A1 EP 07712521 A EP07712521 A EP 07712521A EP 07712521 A EP07712521 A EP 07712521A EP 1999359 A1 EP1999359 A1 EP 1999359A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- injector
- piezoelectric actuator
- opening
- injection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009715 pressure infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
- F02D41/2096—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils for controlling piezoelectric injectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
- F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
- F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
- F02D41/2432—Methods of calibration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
- F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
- F02D41/2425—Particular ways of programming the data
- F02D41/2429—Methods of calibrating or learning
- F02D41/2451—Methods of calibrating or learning characterised by what is learned or calibrated
- F02D41/2464—Characteristics of actuators
- F02D41/2467—Characteristics of actuators for injectors
- F02D41/247—Behaviour for small quantities
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/20—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils
- F02D2041/202—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit
- F02D2041/2055—Output circuits, e.g. for controlling currents in command coils characterised by the control of the circuit with means for determining actual opening or closing time
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for determining an opening voltage of an injector with a piezoelectric actuator, in particular an injector of an internal combustion engine, wherein in the closed state of the injector, an output voltage is applied to the piezoelectric actuator and the voltage for opening the injector
- Jet needles of fuel injectors (injectors) for modern diesel and gasoline engines are often actuated directly or indirectly via piezoelectric elements (piezoelectric actuators or piezoelectric actuators) due to the high dynamic requirements.
- An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method and a control device for carrying out the method, with which the aforementioned aging phenomena can be detected and compensated.
- This problem is solved by a method for determining an opening voltage of an injector with a piezoelectric actuator, in particular an injector of an internal combustion engine, wherein in the closed state of the injector, an output voltage is applied to the piezoelectric actuator and the voltage for opening the injector by energizing the piezo - Aktors is lowered, the energization is interrupted at a holding voltage and then the voltage applied to the piezoelectric actuator voltage change over time is measured, which is detected at a voltage increase to the reaching of the opening voltage.
- the holding voltage is increased step by step from injection to injection until the voltage increase falls below a minimum value after interruption of the current supply.
- the holding voltage is increased from injection to injection step by step until the voltage increase after interruption of the
- the method is preferably carried out in regular operation of the internal combustion engine. This means that the method requires no additional control devices or test devices, for example in a workshop, but is carried out using the means available in a vehicle.
- the method is preferably carried out automatically after a lapse of an operating time interval or a lapse of a period of time by a control unit in a program-controlled manner.
- the holding voltage of an injector is varied and an integrator of a quantity compensation control is observed.
- a control device having means for determining an opening tension of an injector with a piezoactuator, in particular an injector of an internal combustion engine, wherein in the closed state of the injector tor, an output voltage is applied to the piezoelectric actuator and the voltage for opening the injector is lowered by energizing the piezoelectric actuator, wherein the energization is interrupted at a holding voltage and then measured at the piezoelectric actuator voltage change over time, which is detected at a voltage increase to the reaching of the opening voltage.
- Fig. 1 shows the technical environment of the invention
- FIG. 3 shows an example of a voltage curve on a piezo element of a piezoelectric injector when the current is interrupted
- Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the area X in Fig. 3;
- Fig. 5 is a flowchart of the method.
- FIG. 1 shows a storage injection system 10 which has an injector (injection valve) 12, a control unit 14, a high-pressure fuel accumulator 16, a fuel tank 18, a high-pressure pump 20, as well as a pressure sensor 22 and a pressure regulating valve 24.
- the injector 12 is connected via a high-pressure line 26 to the high-pressure accumulator 16, so that the static pressure in its interior is the same as in the high-pressure accumulator 16.
- a piezo actuator 28 is arranged, which is a stack of n layers realized piezoelectric material, each of which is electrically connected between a first terminal 30 and a second terminal 32.
- the piezoelectric actuator 28 is connected via a hydraulic coupler 34 with a nozzle needle 36 and is controlled by the control unit 14, which has a power and measurement electronics 38 and a control part 40.
- the Kopp ler 34 has a throttle 42. The throttle 42 allows a slow compensation of the pressures inside and outside of the coupler 34, so that only rapid changes in length of the piezo actuator
- the control intervention on the power and measurement electronics 38 is represented by the arrow 44 in FIG.
- the arrow 46 represents a transfer of one of the
- the fuel pressure p in the fuel high-pressure accumulator 16 or another under high pressure fuel leading part of the storage injection system 10th is detected by the pressure sensor 22 and transmitted to the control unit 14.
- the piezoactuator 28 acts directly on the nozzle needle 36 with a change in length via the hydraulic coupler 34.
- the nozzle needle 36 sits firmly on its seat when the piezo actuator 28 is charged and thus expanded.
- the closing force is generated by the pressure in the coupler space. If the piezo actuator 28 is discharged, it contracts and relieves the nozzle needle 36 via the hydraulic coupler 34 filled with fuel.
- the injection pressure prevailing on a pressure shoulder 49 of the nozzle needle 36 permanently generates an opening force acting on the nozzle needle 36.
- the pressure in the coupler 34 drops below the amount of the opening force, which leads to a lifting of the nozzle needle 36 from its seat and thus to an injection of fuel.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of an injection quantity Q of a piezoelectric injector 12 above the voltage applied to the piezoelectric actuator 28 output voltage U A.
- the output voltage U A applied to the piezoelectric actuator 28 is plotted along the abscissa, the ordinate represents the injection quantity Q in cubic millimeters.
- the family of curves in Fig. 2 is recorded for different rail pressures, as shown in the legend, between 200 and 2000 bar. It can be clearly seen that, starting from a specific output voltage U A , depending on the rail pressure, a large increase in the injection quantity Q A occurs . occurs. In Fig.
- an injection quantity Q of 30 mm 3 is achieved with a voltage reduction to 0 volts, with a further increase in the closing voltage only a smaller increase in the injection quantity occurs 200 volt closing voltage and a rail pressure of 2000 bar, an injection quantity of about 44 mm 3 is reached.
- An operation of the piezoelectric injector 12 is carried out above the voltage U AMI ⁇ for the respective rail pressure.
- the piezo-actuator 28 behaves essentially like a capacitor, in the closed state of the injector is an output voltage U A , which is for example 180 volts in the embodiment. To open the injector, the piezoelectric element is discharged, whereby a displacement current flows.
- FIG. 3 shows the voltage curve at the piezoelectric actuator 28 in one exemplary embodiment of a method according to the invention.
- the output voltage U A I 80 V.
- the piezo-actuator 28 is discharged, wherein a displacement current flows.
- discharge curves are shown for three charge phases, first in a first discharge phase A of the piezo-actuator 28 is discharged, the discharge is interrupted at a holding voltage U H. This interruption is referred to as Energomungspause .DELTA.t and lasts from time ti n up to time t 2n .
- the index n denotes the curves 1, 2 and 3.
- FIG. 3 shows a family of curves for the discharge of a piezoactuator 28 up to different holding voltages Um, U H2 and U H 3.
- the area provided with a circle X in Fig. 3 is enlarged. The indices are suppressed for easier legibility.
- the discharge of the piezo-actuator 28 is interrupted at a holding voltage U H at a time ti up to a time t 2 .
- the time interval between ti and t 2 is referred to here as the energization pause ⁇ t.
- Shown in Fig. 3 are several voltage waveforms as
- Curves 1, 2 and 3 for different holding voltages Un n namely a curve 1 for a holding voltage Um, a curve 2 for a holding voltage U H2 and a curve 3 for a holding voltage U H 3.
- the times ti, t 2 and so on each with an index ti n , t 2n t 3n , t 4n ..., where n corresponds to the index of the holding voltages U H , as, for example, tu, t 2 i and ⁇ ti for the curve 1 to the holding voltage Um.
- the holding times .DELTA.t n are each selected to be identical. After the end of the holding time .DELTA.t the piezoelectric element is energized further, so that the voltage at the piezoelectric actuator 28 drops further.
- the voltage profiles can be seen in each case between the times ti n and t 2n .
- the voltage curve is explained below with reference to the curve 1.
- the voltage U across the piezoelectric actuator 28 falls after the end of the energization phase at time tu first further up to a time t 3 i, which reaches a local minimum and then rises again up to a time tu. Between the time t 4 i and the re-energization of the piezoelectric element at time t 2 i, the voltage U across the piezoelectric element drops again.
- the voltage .DELTA.U between the minimum value at time t 3 i and the maximum value at the time tu in the energization pause here is about 3 volts.
- Opening of the injector 12 can also be concluded when the voltage gradient ⁇ U / ⁇ t reaches a minimum value.
- the gradient can be considered shortly before resuming the energization at time t 2n . If this is clearly positive, a successful injection can be assumed.
- the gradient in the range shortly after reaching the local minimum at the time t 3n is always positive and is not suitable for this consideration.
- the injector 12 not open. The same applies if the voltage difference .DELTA.U falls below a threshold .DELTA.Us in the energization break, in the embodiment of FIG. 4, this threshold is about 3 volts. If the inventive method in the middle Ren rotational speed range of an internal combustion engine performed so do not affect running injections when reaching a voltage swing, the injector 12 is not opened, the smoothness and ride comfort of the internal combustion engine only slightly. In addition, the process can be performed time-controlled or operating time-controlled at long intervals, for example, monthly or every six months or after a certain period of operating hours of the internal combustion engine.
- the drive voltages of individual injectors 12 can be varied as described above in one exemplary embodiment during vehicle operation, and the integrators of the quantity compensation control (MAR) can be observed.
- the quantity compensation control ensures equality of the individual cylinders, so that as much as possible of the individual cylinders contributes to the overall torque of the internal combustion engine, which generally amounts to the same injection quantities.
- the quantity compensation control will change the activation times or drive voltages such that a larger injection quantity is effected.
- the integrator of the injector 12 to be checked moves steeply upward when the voltage swing changes as described above, the critical drive voltage or the critical voltage swing is reached, with the injected fuel quantity dropping abruptly.
- Fig. 5 shows a flowchart of the method.
- the piezoelectric actuator 28 is energized when the output voltage U A is applied, so that the voltage U at the piezoelectric actuator 28 drops.
- the energization of the piezo actuator 28 is interrupted in step 102.
- the interruption continues in step 103 for the period ⁇ t.
- the voltage U applied to the piezoelectric actuator 28 is measured.
- the voltage change .DELTA.U is measured over time.
- step 104 the voltage change ⁇ U is evaluated as described above.
- step 106 branches.
- the holding voltage U H is then increased, this is indicated here by a ++ U H , whereupon branches back to step 101.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102006013166A DE102006013166A1 (de) | 2006-03-22 | 2006-03-22 | Verfahren zur Bestimmung einer Öffnungsspannung eines piezoelektrischen Injektors |
| PCT/EP2007/052378 WO2007107484A1 (de) | 2006-03-22 | 2007-03-14 | Verfahren zur bestimmung einer öffnungsspannung eines piezoelektrischen injektors |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1999359A1 true EP1999359A1 (de) | 2008-12-10 |
| EP1999359B1 EP1999359B1 (de) | 2012-02-29 |
Family
ID=38162210
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP07712521A Not-in-force EP1999359B1 (de) | 2006-03-22 | 2007-03-14 | Verfahren zur bestimmung einer öffnungsspannung eines piezoelektrischen injektors |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20100275885A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1999359B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP4705689B2 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102006013166A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2007107484A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007020061B3 (de) * | 2007-04-27 | 2008-10-16 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Datenträger zum Auslesen und/oder Speichern von injektorspezifischen Daten zur Steuerung eines Einspritzsystems einer Brennkraftmaschine |
| DE102007042994A1 (de) | 2007-09-10 | 2009-03-12 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zum Beurteilen einer Funktionsweise eines Einspritzventils bei Anlegen einer Ansteuerspannung und entsprechende Auswertevorrichtung |
| DE102009027311A1 (de) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine |
| DE102010021169B4 (de) * | 2010-05-21 | 2012-03-08 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung des tatsächlichen Einspritzbeginns eines Piezo-Kraftstoff-Einspritzventils |
| DE102012209965A1 (de) * | 2012-06-14 | 2013-12-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Ventils |
| DE102013223750B3 (de) * | 2013-11-21 | 2015-02-19 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Ventilöffnungszeitpunktes bei piezoservobetriebenen Injektoren |
| DE102013223756B4 (de) * | 2013-11-21 | 2015-08-27 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betreiben von Injektoren eines Einspritzsystems |
| DE102014209326A1 (de) * | 2014-05-16 | 2015-11-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Bestimmung eines Schließzeitpunktes eines Kraftstoffinjektors |
| DE102014209823B4 (de) | 2014-05-23 | 2016-03-31 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Schließcharakteristik des Steuerventils eines Piezo-Servoinjektors |
| US10401398B2 (en) | 2017-03-03 | 2019-09-03 | Woodward, Inc. | Fingerprinting of fluid injection devices |
| US10393056B2 (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2019-08-27 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method and system for characterizing a port fuel injector |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2548563B2 (ja) * | 1987-04-25 | 1996-10-30 | 株式会社ゼクセル | 針弁リフト検出信号弁別回路 |
| JPH10288119A (ja) * | 1997-04-18 | 1998-10-27 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料噴射弁の駆動装置 |
| DE19930309C2 (de) * | 1999-07-01 | 2001-12-06 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Regelung der Einspritzmenge bei einem Kraftstoffeinspritzventil mit Piezoelement-Aktor |
| JP4168564B2 (ja) * | 2000-02-01 | 2008-10-22 | 株式会社デンソー | 燃料噴射装置 |
| US6420817B1 (en) | 2000-02-11 | 2002-07-16 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Method for detecting injection events in a piezoelectric actuated fuel injector |
| DE10024662B4 (de) * | 2000-05-18 | 2005-12-15 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Einspritzventils |
| DE10357481A1 (de) * | 2003-12-09 | 2005-07-14 | Siemens Ag | Betriebsverfahren für einen Aktor eines Einspritzventils |
| DE10357872A1 (de) * | 2003-12-11 | 2005-07-07 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Ansteuerspannung für einen piezoelektrischen Aktor eines Einspritzventils |
| WO2005119038A1 (de) * | 2004-06-03 | 2005-12-15 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum steuern eines einspritzventils |
| DE102004037255B4 (de) * | 2004-07-31 | 2016-06-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung insbesondere für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
| DE102006058744A1 (de) * | 2006-12-12 | 2008-06-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Einspritzventils |
| US8058852B2 (en) * | 2008-04-23 | 2011-11-15 | Woongjin Coway Co., Ltd. | Device and method for detecting zero crossing and voltage amplitude from single pulse signal |
-
2006
- 2006-03-22 DE DE102006013166A patent/DE102006013166A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2007
- 2007-03-14 US US12/225,354 patent/US20100275885A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2007-03-14 EP EP07712521A patent/EP1999359B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2007-03-14 WO PCT/EP2007/052378 patent/WO2007107484A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2007-03-14 JP JP2009500823A patent/JP4705689B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2007107484A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20100275885A1 (en) | 2010-11-04 |
| DE102006013166A1 (de) | 2007-09-27 |
| WO2007107484A1 (de) | 2007-09-27 |
| JP4705689B2 (ja) | 2011-06-22 |
| EP1999359B1 (de) | 2012-02-29 |
| JP2009530538A (ja) | 2009-08-27 |
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