EP1991735B1 - Fabric belt for machine for producing web material, especially paper or card - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a fabric tape for a machine for producing web material, in particular paper or cardboard.

From the US 2004/0149342 is such a commonly referred to as a forming fabric fabric tape known that is made with two layers of fabric. A web material-side first fabric layer carries the material to be produced and is woven with a plain weave to minimize the risk of marking the web material to be produced by a smooth surface as possible the web material side first fabric layer. A running side or machine side second fabric layer gives the fabric tape the required stability and is guided in operation on the various leading or driving the fabric tape rollers or roller elements. The two fabric layers are connected by a variety of binding threads.

From the EP 1 619 296 is a paper machine clothing known in which the paper and / or machine-side fabric layer can be formed from a plain weave such as canvas, twill or satin weave or a derivative and / or extension of these basic bindings.

The EP 0 342 684 moreover discloses various machine-side weaving patterns for a double-layered fabric of a paper machine.

It is the object of the present invention to provide a fabric tape for a machine for the production of web material, in which on the one hand, the marking tendency is further reduced, on the other hand, but also for a high stability of the fabric tape is taken care of.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a fabric tape for a machine for producing web material, in particular paper or cardboard, comprising a web material side first fabric layer and a machine side second fabric layer, wherein the first fabric layer and the second fabric layer are connected by binding threads and the second fabric layer with woven in an 8-thread irregular satin weave.

The use of an irregular satin weave for the second fabric layer brings various advantages. While a regular satin weave leads to very pronounced, dominant binding diagonals, ie diagonals defined by the binding points of the warp and weft threads, which entail the danger that they will be visible through the first material layer on the web material side, an irregular satin weave is taken care of. that such dominant bond diagonals can not arise. However, of course, the irregular satin weave also takes into account the basic rules for the formation of an atlas weave, such as that no tie point is immediately adjacent to another tie point. Another advantage of using an atlas binding is that it has a very large ratio of floats to binding points. That is, the individual threads involved in the fabric run largely without binding points, which on the one hand helps to reduce the tendency to mark, but on the other hand ensures that, for example, on the running side primarily threads are present, which are optimally designed for the requirements there ,

In addition, the use of an irregular 8-binding satin weave has the consequence that, on the one hand, comparatively long floats are still present, but on the other hand, these floats are not so long that there is a risk that individual threads will be displaced by the forces occurring in the production plant could become.

Furthermore, the fabric tape according to the invention can be configured such that the first fabric layer and the second fabric layer are constructed with longitudinal threads extending in a tape longitudinal direction and transverse threads extending in a tape transverse direction, and the floats of the transverse threads of the second fabric layer at the first fabric layer side facing away from the longitudinal threads of the second fabric layer. This structure leads to the fact that primarily the transverse threads form the running side or machine-side surface and, accordingly, thread material can also be selected for this, which is very wear-resistant. The longitudinal threads of the second fabric layer may then be selected substantially unaffected by any wear requirements to impart a particular tensile strength to the fabric tape.

It can be advantageously provided for manufacturing reasons that the longitudinal threads are warp threads and that the transverse threads are weft threads.

A configuration which is advantageous with regard to the avoidance of a marking in the web material to be produced can provide that in a weave repeat of the second fabric layer the binding points formed between longitudinal threads and transverse threads are distributed such that at least two groups with three binding points exist which have a pitch number 2 or one Progression number 2 corresponding distance. It is thus achieved that in relatively small areas a relatively large number of binding points is present, so that approximately conditions are produced, as they are present in a 5-binding atlas. Very close bond points are also advantageous for reducing marking tendency. In other areas, there are then fewer bonding points, so that a substantially smooth surface is provided there.

In an alternative embodiment it can be provided that in a weave repeat of the second fabric layer, the bond points formed between longitudinal yarns and transverse yarns are distributed such that at least one group with 5 bond points exists that have a mutual distance corresponding to a number of times 2 or an increment number 2. In this case, the embodiment can continue to be such that in the binding repeat at least one group with three binding points exists, which have a pitch number 2 or a progression number 2 corresponding mutual distance.

In a further advantageous alternative embodiment, provision can be made for the binding points formed between longitudinal threads and transverse threads to be distributed in a weave repeat of the second fabric layer in such a way that at least one group with four binding points exists which have a mutual distance corresponding to a pitch number 2 or an increment number.

In order to achieve a very stable connection between the two fabric layers and also to reduce the risk of marking the web material to be produced by introducing the binding threads, it is proposed that the binding threads form pairs of binder threads, each pair of binding threads being longitudinally or transversely between two threads the first fabric layer and two threads of the second fabric layer runs.

In this case, the procedure is advantageously such that in each case one binder thread of a pair of binder threads binds with threads of the first fabric layer, while the other binder thread binds this pair of binder threads with at least one thread of the second fabric layer, and that change in a crossing point, the two binding threads of the binder thread pair, so that the other Binding thread binds with threads of the first fabric layer, while a binder thread binds with at least one thread of the second fabric layer.

The crossing points of adjacent pairs of binding thread can form a regular crossing point pattern. It is also proposed that in the case of two binder thread pairs running directly next to one another no binding thread binds to the same thread of the second fabric layer.

In order to avoid adverse effects caused by excessive disorder or asymmetry in the fabric tape, it is proposed in that at least some of the binding points formed between binding threads and threads of the second fabric layer form a regular bond dot pattern.

Furthermore, in an advantageous embodiment it can be provided that no binding thread binds to a thread of the second fabric layer, with which a thread extending directly next to this binding thread binds to the second fabric layer. In this way it can be avoided that a binder thread binds with a thread of the second fabric layer, which is strongly curved due to its immediately adjacent bond with another thread of the second fabric layer, so that due to the existing curvature there a binding thread binding there laterally could be moved.

The fabric tape of the invention may be further constructed so that the longitudinal threads of the second fabric layer extending in a band longitudinal direction and / or the transverse threads of the second fabric layer running in a transverse direction of the band are arranged substantially equidistant from each other.

Alternatively, it is possible for the longitudinal threads of the second fabric layer running in one longitudinal direction of the tape and / or the transverse threads of the second fabric layer extending in a transverse direction to be paired, the thread spacing in a respective pair being smaller than the spacing between a pair and a pair Pair of adjacent thread. In such an embodiment of the fabric band, which could be considered disadvantageous due to the uneven distribution of the longitudinal threads or transverse threads in the second fabric layer, this grouping can be used to yarn pairs in a particularly advantageous manner, if between the first fabric layer and the second fabric layer a shot ratio or / and a chain ratio of 2: 3. This means that in each case two threads, for example warp threads, of the first fabric layer are assigned to three threads of the second fabric layer. If this then continues to ensure that over a gap between a pair and this adjacent thread of the second fabric layer runs a thread of the first fabric layer, the relative position of the respective threads of the first fabric layer and the second fabric layer is selected so that the two fabric layers can be very close to each other, resulting in a very thin fabric tape.

Furthermore, the grouping into thread pairs can advantageously be used if there is a weft ratio or / and a warp ratio of 3: 3 between the first fabric layer and the second fabric layer. In this case, it can be provided that in a space between a pair and a thread of the second fabric layer adjacent thereto, a binding thread which produces the connection between the first fabric layer and the second fabric layer is integrated into the second fabric layer. By incorporating such a connection producing Bindefadens in the second fabric layer where there is a slightly greater distance between pairs of threads, a particularly advantageous in terms of dewatering mark construction is obtained.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for producing a fabric tape for a machine for producing web material, in particular paper or cardboard, in which method the fabric tape is woven with a web material side first fabric layer and a machine side second fabric layer, wherein the first fabric layer and the second fabric layer be bound by binding threads and wherein the second fabric layer is woven with an irregular 8-binding satin weave.

Fig. 1

ein eine Mehrzahl von Bindungsrapporten enthaltendes Bindungsmuster einer laufseitigen bzw. maschinenseitigen zweiten Gewebelage eines erfindungsgemäßen Gewebebandes;

Fig. 2

eine Schnittdarstellung eines Bindungsrapportes des in Fig. 1 dargestellten Bindungsmusters, welche die acht in dem Bindungsrapport auftretenen Fadengruppen veranschaulicht;

Fig. 3

eine der Fig. 1 entsprechende Ansicht, welche die Bindungspunkte der laufseitigen Gewebelage an sich und auch die in der laufseitigen Gewebelage auftretenden Bindungspunkte von Bindefäden darstellt;

Fig. 4

eine der Fig. 1 entsprechende Darstellung einer alternativen Ausgestaltungsgform;

Fig. 5

eine der Fig. 2 entsprechende Darstellung der in Fig. 4 gezeigten Ausgestaltungsform;

Fig. 6

eine der Fig. 3 entsprechende Darstellung der in den Figuren 4 und 5 gezeigten Ausgestaltungsform;

Fig. 7

eine weitere der Fig. 1 entsprechende Darstellung einer alternativen Ausgestaltungsform;

Fig. 8

eine der Fig. 2 entsprechende Darstellung der in Fig. 7 dargestellten Ausgestaltungsform;

Fig.9

eine der Fig. 3 entsprechende Darstellung der Ausgestaltungsform der Fig. 7 und 8;

Fig. 10

eine weitere der Fig. 1 entsprechende Darstellung einer alternativen Ausgestaltungsform;

Fig. 11

eine der Fig. 2 entsprechende Darstellung der in Fig. 10 gezeigten Ausgestaltungsform;

Fig. 12

eine der Fig. 3 entsprechende Darstellung der Ausgestaltungsform der Fig. 10 und 11;

Fig. 13

eine der Fig. 2 entsprechende Darstellung einer weiteren alternativen Ausgestaltungsform;

Fig. 14

eine der Fig. 3 entsprechende Darstellung der in Fig. 13 gezeigten Ausgestaltungsform;

Fig. 15

eine der Fig. 2 entsprechende Darstellung einer weiteren alternativen Ausgestaltungsform;

Fig. 16

eine der Fig. 3 entsprechende Darstellung der in Fig. 15 gezeigten Ausgestaltungsform;

Fig. 17

eine der Fig. 2 entsprechende Darstellung einer weiteren alternativen Ausgestaltungsform;

Fig. 18

eine der Fig. 3 entsprechende Darstellung der in Fig. 17 gezeigten Ausgestaltungsform;

Fig. 19

eine Darstellung, die in zwei nebeneinander liegenden Bindungsrapporten den Verlauf der Bindefäden in der bahnmaterialseitigen Gewebelage veranschaulicht;

Fig. 20

eine der Fig. 2 entsprechende Darstellung einer weiteren alternativen Ausgestaltungsform;

Fig. 21

eine der Fig. 3 entsprechende Darstellung der in Fig. 20 gezeigten Ausgestaltungsform;

Fig. 22

eine der Fig. 19 entsprechende Darstellung der in den Fig. 20 und 21 gezeigten Ausgestaltungsform;

Fig. 23

eine der Fig. 2 entsprechende Darstellung einer weiteren alternativen Ausgestaltungsform;

Fig. 24

eine der Fig. 3 entsprechende Darstellung der in Fig. 23 gezeigten Ausgestaltungsform;

Fig. 25

eine der Fig. 19 entsprechende Darstellung der Ausgestaltungsform der Fig. 23 und 24;

Fig. 26

einen in der Art einer Bindungspatrone dargestellten Bindungsrapport für ein Gewebeband mit 6-bindigem unregelmäßigem Atlas; Diese Ausführung wird nicht beansprucht.

Fig. 27

eine Mehrzahl von aneinander angrenzend gruppierten Bindungsrapporten der Fig. 26;

Fig. 28

eine Draufsicht auf eine maschinenseitige zweite Gewebelage mit Kettatlas in dem in Fig. 26 gezeigten Bindungsrapport;

Fig. 29

eine der Fig. 28 entsprechende Darstellung mit Schussatlas;

Fig. 30

eine der Fig. 28 entsprechende Darstellung mit Paarbildung der Schussfäden;

Fig. 31

eine der Fig. 28 entsprechende Darstellung mit Paarbildung der Kettfäden;

Fig. 32

einen Kettschnitt eines Gewebebandes mit einem Kettverhältnis 2:3;

Fig. 33

einen alternativen Kettschnitt eines Gewebebandes mit einem Kettverhältnis 3:3 und Kettbindung.

The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows:

Fig. 1

a binding pattern containing a plurality of binding repeats of a running side or machine-side second fabric layer of a fabric tape according to the invention;

Fig. 2

a sectional view of a binding repeat of in Fig. 1 shown bond pattern illustrating the eight thread groups occurring in the binding repeat;

Fig. 3

one of the Fig. 1 corresponding view, which represents the binding points of the running side fabric layer itself and also occurring in the running side fabric layer binding points of binding threads;

Fig. 4

one of the Fig. 1 corresponding representation of an alternative Ausgestaltungsgform;

Fig. 5

one of the Fig. 2 corresponding representation of in Fig. 4 shown embodiment;

Fig. 6

one of the Fig. 3 corresponding representation of the in the FIGS. 4 and 5 shown embodiment;

Fig. 7

another one Fig. 1 corresponding representation of an alternative embodiment;

Fig. 8

one of the Fig. 2 corresponding representation of in Fig. 7 illustrated embodiment;

Figure 9

one of the Fig. 3 corresponding representation of the embodiment of the Fig. 7 and 8th ;

Fig. 10

another one Fig. 1 corresponding representation of an alternative embodiment;

Fig. 11

one of the Fig. 2 corresponding representation of in Fig. 10 shown embodiment;

Fig. 12

one of the Fig. 3 corresponding representation of the embodiment of the Fig. 10 and 11 ;

Fig. 13

one of the Fig. 2 corresponding representation of a further alternative embodiment;

Fig. 14

one of the Fig. 3 corresponding representation of in Fig. 13 shown embodiment;

Fig. 15

one of the Fig. 2 corresponding representation of a further alternative embodiment;

Fig. 16

one of the Fig. 3 corresponding representation of in Fig. 15 shown embodiment;

Fig. 17

one of the Fig. 2 corresponding representation of a further alternative embodiment;

Fig. 18

one of the Fig. 3 corresponding representation of in Fig. 17 shown embodiment;

Fig. 19

a representation illustrating the course of the binding threads in the web material side fabric layer in two adjacent binding reports;

Fig. 20

one of the Fig. 2 corresponding representation of a further alternative embodiment;

Fig. 21

one of the Fig. 3 corresponding representation of in Fig. 20 shown embodiment;

Fig. 22

one of the Fig. 19 corresponding representation of the in the Fig. 20 and 21 shown embodiment;

Fig. 23

one of the Fig. 2 corresponding representation of a further alternative embodiment;

Fig. 24

one of the Fig. 3 corresponding representation of in Fig. 23 shown embodiment;

Fig. 25

one of the Fig. 19 corresponding representation of the embodiment of the Fig. 23 and 24 ;

Fig. 26

a binding repeat for a weave tape with a 6-binder irregular atlas shown in the manner of a binding cartridge; This execution is not claimed.

Fig. 27

a plurality of binding replicas grouped adjacent to each other of the Fig. 26 ;

Fig. 28

a plan view of a machine side second fabric layer with Kettatlas in the in Fig. 26 shown bond repeat;

Fig. 29

one of the Fig. 28 corresponding representation with shot atlas;

Fig. 30

one of the Fig. 28 corresponding representation with pairing of weft threads;

Fig. 31

one of the Fig. 28 corresponding representation with pairing of the warp threads;

Fig. 32

a warp cut of a fabric tape having a warp ratio of 2: 3;

Fig. 33

an alternative warp cut of a fabric tape with a 3: 3 warp ratio and warp weave.

The Fig. 1 to 3 represent a first embodiment of a fabric tape 101 of the invention, which can be used in particular as a forming fabric in machines for the production of paper or board material. This fabric tape 101 is constructed with two layers of fabric, namely one in Fig. 2 recognizable upper, web material side first fabric layer 100 and a lower, machine side or second side second fabric layer 102. The first fabric layer 100 provides the surface, with which the producing sheet material comes into contact. The second fabric layer 102 provides the back of the fabric belt 101, with which this is guided over different guide or drive rollers.

The Fig. 1 FIG. 12 illustrates a weave pattern of the second fabric layer 102 over a plurality of weave patterns, each extending over eight longitudinal threads extending in the machine direction MD, ie, generally the longitudinal direction of the fabric tape 101, and eight transverse directions CMD extending transverse threads extends. Hereinafter, it is assumed that the yarns running in the machine direction MD are the warp yarns in the manufacturing process, while the yarns extending in the transverse direction CMD are weft yarns. Assigned to each such bond repeat is the Fig. 2 the eight weft thread groups 1 to 8 of a binding repeat and their interaction with the warp threads 1 to 16 of the same repeat. Of these warp threads, the odd-numbered warp threads 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15 run in the first fabric layer 100, while the even numbered warp threads 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 extend in the second fabric layer 102.

In the in the Fig. 1 and 2 1 to 8 for the first fabric layer 100 and the second fabric layer 102 each comprise a weft thread 104 or 106 and a pair of binding threads 108, 110. These binding threads 108, 110 provide a firm connection between the two fabric layers 100, 102 ago.

In Fig. 1 Furthermore, each box of a binding repeat represents a crossing point of one of the warp threads 2 to 16 with the associated weft thread 106. If an "X" is entered in one of the boxes, then at this crossing point a binding point is created, in which a weft thread over the respective associated warp thread sets. In those boxes in which no "X" is entered, the weft threads 106 run in each case under the warp threads 2 to 16 of the second fabric layer 102, ie run on the side facing away from the first fabric layer 100 side. Each "X" thus represents a so-called warp reduction in the second fabric layer 102.

The Fig. 3 shows, similar to the Fig. 1 , Bindungsrapporte the second fabric layer 102, wherein not only by marking respective boxes, the binding points of the weft threads 106 are shown with the warp threads 2 to 16 of the second fabric layer 102, but also illustrates the binding points of the binding threads 108 and 110 in the second fabric layer 102 are. In Fig. 3 Each black-colored box represents a binding point of a weft thread 106 with a respective one of the warp threads, that is, a warp reduction. The boxes marked with an "O", as in Fig. 2 1 is a binding point of a respective binding thread 110 with a warp thread 2 to 16 of the second fabric layer 102, while the boxes marked with "X" a binding point of the binding thread 108 with a respective one of the warp threads 2 to 16 of the second fabric layer 102nd represents. A binding point of a respective binding thread 108 or 110 with a warp thread 2 to 16 of the second fabric layer 102 is formed in each case by binding the binding thread 108 or 110 on the outside of the warp yarn 2 to 16 involved, ie with respect to the respective binding thread 108 or 110 is a warp.

One recognizes in the in the Fig. 2 to 3 1, that the binding pattern chosen for the second fabric layer 102 is an irregular 8-bonded satin weave, ie a weave in which a weave repeat extends over eight weft threads and the same number of warp threads of the considered fabric layer. So you can see for example in the in Fig. 1 left binding above, which extends over the thread groups 1 to 8 and the warp threads 2 to 16, that, as required for an atlas binding, formed in any of the consecutive thread groups in the warp thread bond points adjacent to binding points of the immediately adjacent thread group. In the direction of cooking or in the weft direction, at least one thread group or at least one warp thread is located between each two crossing points. Like the eight in Fig. 2 show identifiable thread groups 1 to 8, the weft threads 106 extend where they do not bind with warp threads, ie where there are no chain lowering, on the outside of the fabric belt 101, ie on the side of the second fabric layer away from the first fabric layer 100 102. There they form floats each time over 7 warp threads of the second fabric layer 102, with the result that almost the entire run-side surface is provided by the weft threads 106 is. Only where weft threads 106 bind with respective warp threads 2 to 16, ie where there are chain sinks, is a section of the involved warp thread represented by a respective binding point on the run-side surface. This initially makes it possible to achieve a very high level of stability by selecting the weft threads 106 from the material which is particularly suitable with regard to the wear load that occurs. At the same time, the warp threads 2 to 16 of the second fabric layer 102, which are essentially not exposed to the wear and tear contact with rolls or the like, can be selected from a material which has a particular tensile strength, such that the fabric tape 100 according to the invention is produced by these warp threads 2 to 16 of the second fabric layer 102 in the band longitudinal direction MD has a particularly high tensile strength. The warp threads 1 to 15 of the first fabric layer 100, as well as the weft threads 104 of the first fabric layer, can be selected from materials which are particularly suitable for contact with the web material to be produced or the starting material therefor. In particular, it is possible here to use thinner threads and to interweave them so that even in interaction with the binding threads 108, 110 respectively binding between the two weft threads 104 of the first fabric layer 100 with the warp threads 1 to 15 of the first fabric layer 100, a plain weave is formed. Here it should be noted that each pair of binding threads 108, 110 is interwoven such that, such as in Fig. 2 Recognizable by the thread group 1, where the binder thread 108 with the warp threads 1 to 15 of the first fabric layer 100 sets in the manner of a plain weave, the other binder thread 110 has a point of attachment to the warp threads 2 to 16 of the second fabric layers 102. After a crossing point of the two binding threads 108, 110 lying between the two warp threads 9 and 10, the binding thread 110 forms a plain weave together with the warp threads 1 to 15 of the first fabric layer 100, while the warp thread 108 forms a binding point with one of the warp threads 2 to 16 the second fabric layer 102 forms. Thus, the two binding threads 108, 110 of a respective pair of binder threads in the first fabric layer 100 together form a weave pattern, which corresponds to that of a single weft thread of a plain weave. This results in a very finely structured, a plurality of support points providing surface of the first fabric layer 100 with a correspondingly low marking tendency.

The low tendency to mark is thereby also aided in that, as already mentioned, the atlas binding selected according to the invention is irregular. It arises in Fig. 1 also recognizable areas in which the binding points "X" of the weft threads 106 with the warp threads 2 to 16 are closer to each other, while other areas arise in which greater distances are present between the individual binding points "X". Where the bonding points are closer to each other, almost a bonding point density equal to that of a plain weave is obtained, which also makes a very flat surface overall. In those areas in which larger distances are present between the binding points, that is correspondingly longer floats of the weft threads 106 and the warp threads 2 to 16 are present, a very smooth, almost unstructured surface is present. It lacks the dominant for the regular atlas binding dominant diagonals. All this means that the risk that a very regular bond dot pattern formed in the second fabric layer 102 will be seen through the first fabric layer 100 into the web material to be produced is largely avoided. For this purpose, it is particularly advantageous, as in Fig. 1 It is also illustrated if, within a binding repeat extending over eight weft threads and eight binding threads of the second fabric layer 102, ie the smallest binding pattern unit in the warp direction and in the weft direction, there are two groups of binding points in which the individual binding points are at a distance from one another which corresponds to a slope number of 2 or corresponds to a progression number of 2. This is in Fig. 1 recognizable by the arrows. An inclination number of 2 here means that there is a weft thread group between two considered binding points. A progression number 2 means that between the two considered Binding points a warp thread lies. It should be noted here that in Fig. 1 For example, the weave repeat observed for this purpose starts at the second weft thread group 8, viewed from above, and ends at the first weft thread group viewed from above, marked 7. Of course, any group of crossing points extending over eight arbitrary weft threads 106 and warp threads of the second fabric layer 108 can be represented as a binding repeat.

Out Fig. 2 one recognizes further that in the respective binder thread pairs 108, 110 of the eight consecutive thread groups 1 to 8 of a binding repeat the crossing points are placed alternately. Thus, while the first crossing point of the binding threads 108, 110 lies between the warp threads 9 and 10, the crossing point of the binding threads 108, 110 of the second thread group 2 lies between the warp threads 5 and 6. The crossing point of the binding threads 108, 110 of the third thread group 3 is again between the warp threads 9 and 10, while the crossing point of the binding threads 108, 110 of the fourth thread group is again between the warp threads 5 and 6. In this way, a very symmetrical connection between the two fabric layers 108, 110 will be retained, so that no elementary these fabric layers can arise laterally with respect to each other. At the same time one of the irregularities of the binding points of the weft threads 106 is achieved with the warp threads 2 to 16 superimposed regularity, which has proven to be particularly advantageous in terms of reducing the tendency to mark.

Furthermore, there is a general desire to symmetrically place the point of bonding of a respective binding thread 108 or 110 in the second fabric layer 102 with respect to the bonding points that the other of these bonding threads has in the first fabric layer 100. This is illustrated, for example, by the example of the thread group 3. There, the binding line 110 marked with a dot line binds over the warp threads 3 and 7 of the first fabric layer 100. In association with it, it binds with a continuous thread Line, shown binder line 108 with respect to these binding points symmetrically below the warp 6 of the second fabric layer 102. Where this binder thread 108 then over the warp threads 11 and 15 of the first fabric layer 100 sets, binds the binder thread 110 symmetrically thereto under the warp thread 14 of the second fabric layer 102nd This requirement is broken only where, as illustrated, for example, by the two weft thread groups 1 and 2, a binding thread in the second fabric layer 102 would have a binding point immediately adjacent to a point of bonding of a weft thread 106 in the second fabric layer 102 with the same warp thread is adjacent. Namely, in order to obtain the above-mentioned advantageous symmetrical configuration, the binder thread 110 of the first thread group 1 would have to set below the warp thread 6 of the second fabric layer 102, not under the warp thread 8. However, with this warp thread 6, the immediately adjacent weft thread 106 of the second thread group binds , This binding point in the second thread group causes the warp thread 6 to be comparatively strongly curved in this local area. If the binding thread 110 of the first thread group were also set with the warp thread 6, the associated binding point "O" would be in a region in which the warp thread 6 is comparatively strongly curved. This could lead to an undesired shift of the binding thread 110 in the warp direction. By the lateral displacement of the binding point on the next, adjacent warp thread of the second fabric layer 102, this problem can be counteracted.

Next is at the in Fig. 2 shown binding patterns 108, 110 ensures that no in the warp direction immediately adjacent binding points of respective binding threads are present with the same warp thread. There is always an offset around at least one warp thread. This is clear also in the Fig. 3 recognizable, where not two successive in the warp direction binding points of the binding threads of different, immediately successive pairs of binder thread are superimposed.

However, it is generally recognized that the binding threads 108, 110 also engage Form binding pattern with a binding repeat, which extends over eight warp threads, so that both for the between the weft threads 106 and the warp threads 2 to 16 of the second fabric layer 102, as well as for the binding threads 108, 110 of the same binding repeat is present. As a result, an overall weave repeat can also be obtained for the entire fabric tape 100, which extends over eight warp threads and over eight weft threads or weft thread groups.

In the FIGS. 4 to 6 an embodiment is shown, in which for the second fabric layer 102, so the weave pattern of the weft threads 106 with the warp threads 2 to 16 of this second fabric layer 102, also an irregular eight-binding satin weave is provided. However, the bonding points are slightly different than in the embodiment described above. This leads, for example, that, like the Fig. 4 can be taken, here, for example, a group of five binding points "X" is present within a binding repeat, in which the binding points in each case with the pitch number 2 and the progression number 2 are spaced apart. If the binding repeat is different, there are two groups of three binding points each, where the slope number or the progression number 2 is present. As in the previously described embodiment, local areas exist in which, for example, three binding points lie at regular intervals on a straight line. Subsequently, however, this pattern or this regularity is broken again, so that comparatively short, less dominant binding diagonals are present, which are practically not apparent in the web material to be produced.

Next you can see in the Fig. 5 and 6 in that also in this embodiment, the crossing points of the two binding threads 108, 110 change regularly, and that it is further attempted, the binding points of a respective binding thread 108, 110 in the second fabric layer 102 symmetrical with respect to that of the other binding thread in this local Area formed binding points in the first tissue layer 100 is to be positioned. Where this could lead to an impairment of the position of the binding point of a binding thread due to the binding points of the weft threads 106 with the warp threads 2 to 16, this binds again with an adjacent warp thread. Nevertheless one recognizes in Fig. 6 that similar, as well as in Fig. 3 is recognizable, the bonding points "O" and "X" form an approximately regular pattern, namely near each imaginary diagonal lie. In turn, this leads to a very low marking tendency in superimposition with the irregular satin weave and, above all, also ensures a symmetrical force distribution in the mutual connection of the two fabric layers 100, 102.

A third embodiment is in the Fig. 7 to 9 shown. Again, the weft threads 106 with the warp threads 2 to 16 of the second fabric layer 102 tie in the pattern of an irregular 8-binding atlas. Since the location of the binding points "X" in Fig. 7 However, with respect to the embodiments described above, again somewhat differently chosen, local areas arise in which, as indicated by arrows in Fig. 7 indicated, four binding points "X" lie with respect to each other so that they have a pitch number 2 and progression number 2 corresponding mutual distance. These groups, each with four adjacent bond points, form stabilization zones with reinforced warp-weft anchorage. The irregularity with the avoidance of dominant diagonals introduced by the irregular satin weave is superimposed here on a regularity in the arrangement of these groups of four binding points with a small mutual distance, which again turned out to be particularly advantageous with regard to the reduction of the marking tendency. The dominant diagonals of the regular atlas binding can not arise, since the "diagonals" defined by two binding points do not continue with the next but four group of binding points.

With regard to the integration of the binding threads 100, 102 corresponds to in the FIGS. 7 to 9 shown embodiment of the previously described.

Another alternative embodiment is in the 10 to 12 shown. Again, the binding pattern of the Fig. 10 Again, the irregular 8-bind Atlasbindung, within a binding repeat of the second fabric layer 102 again two groups of binding points "X" are present, which have a mutual distance with a slope number or a progression number 2. Although the bond points of a given group lie on a straight connecting line, these lines do not find continuation in the immediately adjacent binding repeats, so that here too no dominant diagonals exist.

As stated above, in the embodiments described above, between the binding points of a binding thread and a weft thread 106 with the same warp thread of the second fabric layers 102 there is at least one weft thread which does not bind with this warp thread, ie floats under it. In the embodiment of the Fig. 4 This minimum distance is defined by two such non-binding, but floating weft threads 106. Otherwise, the binding pattern of the binding threads 108, 110 of the embodiment of the 10 to 12 essentially the requirements described above. That is, the crossing points of the two binding threads 107, 110 alternate alternately. Also lie in the Fig. 12 recognizable binding points "O" and "X" approximately on diagonal, so are also relatively regularly arranged and superimposed by the irregular satin weave.

The further embodiments described below are configured with regard to the weave pattern of the weft threads 106 and the warp threads 2 to 16 of the second fabric layer 102, as in FIG Fig. 7 shown. It is therefore to avoid repetition of the related statements to Fig. 7 directed.

There is a difference in the Fig. 13 and 14 shown variant in the manner in which the binding threads 108, 110 are woven. Here, it is basically provided that both binding points of the binding threads 108 and 110 of a thread group in the second fabric layer 102 are not symmetrical in each case to the binding points of the other binding thread in the first fabric layer 100. One of the binding points in the second fabric layer is in each case laterally shifted a warp thread starting from a symmetrical arrangement with respect to the binding points in the upper, first fabric layer 100. Another requirement that the twine follows is that the distance of a point of bonding in the bottom fabric layer 102 to a point of bonding a weft 106 having the same warp of the warp yarns 2 to 16 include at least two such weft yarns 106. Thus, between each binding point of a weft thread 106 with a warp thread and a binding point of the same warp thread with a binding thread are at least two weft threads 106 which float under this warp thread away.

Further, the binding threads 108, 110 here satisfy the law that when in a binding thread pair one of the binding points in the second fabric layer 102 is laterally displaced from the symmetrical positioning, for example to the left (eg thread group 1 in FIG Fig. 13 ) and in the next thread group or the binding thread pair 108, 110 the non-symmetrically arranged binding point of a binding thread in the second fabric layer 102 is shifted to the other side, ie to the right (thread group 2 in FIG Fig. 13 ), these two considered binding threads, eg the binding thread 110 of the first thread group in Fig. 13 and the binding thread 108 of the second thread group in Fig. 13 , Bind under the same warp, namely the warp thread 4 of the second fabric layer 102, so there each form a binding point "O" or "X", with a weft thread, namely the weft thread 106 is located between these two binding points. In the immediately following group, comprising two pairs of Binding pairs 108, 110, in the example under consideration thus comprising the two thread groups 3 and 4, is the first binding point of a binding thread in the other direction, ie shifted to the right (binding thread 108 of thread group 3), while the second non-symmetrical binding point in the likewise opposite direction, so here then shifted to the left (binding thread 108 of thread group 4). These also bind under the same warp thread, namely the warp thread 8 of the second fabric layer. This alternating pattern is then repeated for the thread groups 5 to 8, so that overall, the non-centrally arranged binding points of the binding threads 108 and 110 in the fabric layer 102 represent an alternating left-right offset, so form a regular pattern, in superposition again particularly advantageous with the irregular 8-bind satin weave. This also contributes to that, as in Fig. 13 recognizable, the crossing points of the binding threads 108, 110 again have the above-described alternating offset. Here, therefore, a total irregularity in the arrangement of the crossing points of the binding threads and a regularity in the arrangement of the binding points of the binding threads or also of the symmetrical structure lateral deviation of the binding points of the binding threads is superimposed on the irregular satin weave. These regularities at the points of intersection and the binding points can each be expressed in that they lie on diagonals or have an alternating offset in both directions.

The Fig. 15 and 16 show, similar to the Fig. 13 and 14 , Another alternative embodiment, with respect to the weave pattern of the second fabric layer 102 of the in the Fig. 7 to 9 correspond to the embodiment shown. A difference resides in the way in which the binding threads 108, 110 are woven into the fabric band 101. Here, too, care is taken in the manner of incorporating these binding threads 108 and 110 that the irregular 8-binding satin weave is superimposed on a regular binding structure in the binding threads 108, 110.

Here, one first recognizes a regularity in that in each case two directly successive weft thread groups are identical to one another with regard to the integration of the binding threads 108, 110. These are therefore the weft thread groups 1 and 2, 3 and 4, 5 and 6, 7 and 8. These mutually identical pairs of binding threads 108, 110 are each by a weft thread 104 in the first fabric layer 100 and a weft thread 106 in the second fabric layer 102 separated from each other. It can be seen further that in the weft thread groups 1 and 2, 5 and 6, the crossing points of the binding threads 108, 110 each lie between the warp threads 9 and 10, while in the weft thread groups 3 and 4, 7 and 8, these crossing points between the warp threads 5 and 6 lie. So here again the alternating change of crossing points is available. The binding points in the second fabric layer 102 are again laid in such a way that one of them is laterally displaced out of the symmetrical positioning with respect to the overlying binding points of the other binding thread in the first fabric layer 100. In particular, in all such laterally shifted binding points, an offset to the same side, here to the left exists.

Next you can see in the FIGS. 15 and 16 in that between a binding point of a binding thread 108 or 110 with a warp thread 2 to 16 of the second fabric layer 102 and a binding point of this warp thread of the second fabric layer 102 with a weft thread 106 of the second fabric layer 102 there are at least two such weft threads 106 which do not bind with this warp thread and float under this.

In Fig. 16 one recognizes clearly further an aspect which is or is also provided in the other embodiment variants according to the invention. Consider, for example, the first thread group comprising the weft thread 1 and the two binding threads 1, 2 in FIG Fig. 16 , it can be seen that, in the warp direction, first the binding thread 108 follows the weft thread 106 of the second fabric layer 102 present in this thread group 1 and forms the binding point "X" with the warp thread 14. After that then follows in the warp direction of the binding thread 110 and forms with the warp thread 4 the binding point "O". In the next thread group, so the thread group 2 with the binding threads 3, 4, first follows the twine 110 and forms the binding point "O". This is followed in the warp direction by the binding thread 108 for forming the binding point "X", here with the warp thread 14. This means that in the warp direction successive weft thread groups the entry of the binding threads changes. This has a particularly advantageous effect also on the surface structure of the first fabric layer 100 and helps to avoid marking effects.

Another variant of a tissue band 101 is in the 17 to 19 shown. Again, the weave pattern of the second fabric layer 102 corresponds to that in FIG Fig. 7 shown. When integrating the binding threads 108, 110, an elementary difference is primarily that, in the weft thread groups 1 to 8, the binding thread 110 and then the binding thread 108 in the lower fabric layer 102 alternately binds with two immediately adjacent warp threads of the lower fabric layer 102. In this way, the overall binding structure is further consolidated. In particular, one recognizes in the Fig. 17 and 18 in that the location of these double bond points "OO" and "XX" is chosen such that there is regularity in the arrangement, in that diagonal lines are formed on which these double bond points lie. The individual binding points of the binding threads 108, 110 in the second fabric layer are selected so that they lie on diagonals. As a result, even for the sections of these binding threads 108, 110 forming a plain weave in the first fabric layer, a very regular distribution results, which in Fig. 19 is shown. Here, the weft thread groups 1 to 8 each show the twine portions of the binding threads 108, 110, as they are on the upper side of the first fabric layer 100. It can be seen that a diagonal progression pattern is obtained for the individual sections of the two binding threads 108, 110, ie the sections of these binding threads 108, 110 forming a plain weave on the first fabric layer 108 are generally arranged in the warp direction each results in an offset, for example, each two adjacent binding threads 108 or 110 adjacent weft thread groups are identical involved, so have no lateral offset in the weft direction. Also, this offset or pairwise offset of the plain weave forming portions of the binding threads 108, 110 in the first fabric layer 100 contributes to superimposing a weave pattern with greater regularity on the irregular weave pattern of the 8-bonded irregular atlas of the lower, second fabric layer 102.

The FIGS. 20 to 22 show a variant; the approximation of the foregoing with respect to the 17 to 19 corresponds to described embodiment. Here, too, the binding threads 108, 110 alternately bind with two warp threads of the second fabric layer. At the in Fig. 20 recognizable bond alternate the crossing points of adjacent weft thread groups back and forth, so once lie between the warp threads 9 and 10 and once between the warp threads 5 and 6. This combined with the double binding points of each binding thread 108 or 110 leads to the in Fig. 22 illustrated pattern in which in each weft thread groups in each case the same binding threads to each other with their in the first fabric layer 100 forming a plain weave sections have a progressive offset in the weft direction.

Previous are with reference to the Fig. 1 to 22nd In each case binding patterns have been described, which are woven in a so-called 2: 1 weft ratio. That is, on two weft threads present in the first fabric layer 100, there is a weft thread present in the second fabric layer 102. This is clarified, for example, with reference to Fig. 20 and on the basis of the weft thread groups 1 and 2. There, in the first fabric layer 100, the weft thread 104 of the first weft thread group 1, the "weft thread" formed by the two plain weave forming portions of the binding threads 108, 110, the weft thread 104 of the second weft thread group and the "weft ", formed by the plain weave forming sections of the binding threads 108, 110 of the second weft thread group 2. Thus, there are a total of four "weft threads" in the first fabric layer 100, while in the second fabric layer 102, only the two weft threads 106 of the two weft thread groups 1 and 2 are present. This corresponds to a ratio of 4: 2, ie 2: 1, which is considered to be particularly advantageous due to the comparatively high proportion of weft threads in the first fabric layer, that is, the support points for the fabric layer to be produced web material.

The FIGS. 23 to 25 show an embodiment in which a weft thread ratio of 3: 2 is present. Again, this is again based on the in Fig. 23 There, the weft thread 104 of the first weft thread group 1, the plain weave forming portions of the binding threads 108 and 110 of the first weft thread group 1, which together again result in a "weft", and the weft thread 104 of the second weft thread group 2. These two weft threads of the first fabric layer 100 are the two weft threads 106 of the first weft thread group 1 and the second weft thread group 2, so that the ratio 3: 2 results. Even with such a shot ratio, the principle of the present invention can be applied. The weft threads 106 and the warp threads 2 to 16 of the second fabric layer 102 are basically interwoven again as in the example of Fig. 7 recognizable, thus forming an irregular 8-bind Atlasbindung with the resulting benefits. The plain weave forming portions of the binding threads 108, 110 are all again arranged so that diagonal stripes arise, in each of which such sections are present in the first fabric layer, so that by interruptions in Fig. 25 Recognizable crossing points, as was the case with the embodiments described above, correspondingly form a diagonal pattern.

A fabric tape which can be used as a forming fabric in papermaking machines will be described below with reference to FIGS FIGS. 26 to 33 explained. It shows the Fig. 26 a binding repeat of the machine-side or second-side second fabric layer, which, as is the case with all of the above-described fabric tapes, extends over the same number of warp threads and weft threads. Also in the presentation of Fig. 26 The rows of boxes each correspond to weft threads, while the columns of boxes represent warp threads.

It can be seen that in the in Fig. 26 Binding repeat an irregular 6-binding atlas binding is present. In each of the binding points represented by an "X", a weft thread passes over a warp thread, while in the unmarked box, the weft threads run under the warp threads. Thus, it is provided a Kettatlas that brings the same effects due to its irregularity, as described above, namely the avoidance of pronounced diagonals, which could be on the first layer of fabric, so with the coming to be produced web material in contact fabric layer, sign off , If such an irregular 6-bonded satin weave is used for the second fabric layer, in particular in combination with, for example, a plain weave for the first fabric layer, it can again be ensured that regular and irregular weave patterns are superimposed on one another and the advantageous effects described above are achieved. Furthermore, it is ensured by the comparatively large float length that, for example, the weft threads provide almost the entire machine-side surface, and thus the wear on this comparatively highly stressed side can be kept low by appropriate choice of material. By selecting weft threads with a larger diameter, a correspondingly larger wear volume can be provided.

So one recognizes for example by means of in Fig. 28 shown binding, which the second fabric layer 102 from above, ie at its the first Fabric layer facing facing side, shows that using the in Fig. 26 shown binding repeat with irregular 6-binding satin weave for the second fabric layer, a structure can be obtained in which the mutual distance of the again horizontally extending weft threads over the entire second fabric layer 102 is approximately equal. The same applies to the mutual distance of the vertically extending warp threads. The same can be achieved if, as in Fig. 29 shown, the same binding repeat is used to build a so-called shot atlas. Unlike the in Fig. 28 The warp threads shown float here on the side facing the first fabric layer so that the warp threads float on the rear side, that is to say the running-side surface of the fabric tape. The choice as to whether a warp atlas or a weft atlas is to be used can in particular also be made depending on which of the threads warp threads or weft threads are to run in the machine direction and which in the cross machine direction. By the in FIGS. 28 and 29 The uniform spacing of both the warp threads and the weft threads, as shown, superimposes a regular distribution of the threads contributing to the irregularity of the six-ply satin weave.

In departure from this regular thread arrangement, as in the FIGS. 30 and 31 represented by a chain atlas, also a pairwise grouping of the weft threads, as in Fig. 30 shown or the warp threads are obtained, as in Fig. 31 shown. So you can see for example in Fig. 30 in that the weft threads 1 and 2 or 5 and 6 respectively are within the weave repeat comprising the weft threads 1 to 6 and the warp threads 1 to 6 Form pairs of threads, the threads 3 and 6 of this binding repeat form inter-pair threads, so threads that have a greater distance to the two adjacent pairs of threads with the threads 1, 2 and 4, 5, as the threads within a respective thread pair. The same applies to the in Fig. 31 shown in pairs, the warp threads 2 and 3 or 5 and 6 each form a pair of threads, while the warp threads 1 and 4 are each between two pairs of threads and to these have a greater distance than the Threads within a respective thread pair.

This effect of grouping or pairing can be used according to the invention in an advantageous manner. This is based on the Fig. 32 explained. It is shown there a warp cut, so for example a section of in Fig. 31 shown binding in the weft direction, in which therefore the warp threads are shown cut. One recognizes here also the warp threads of the first fabric layer 1 00, and one recognizes that here a Kettverhältnis of 2: 3 is present. That is, for every two warp threads of the first fabric layer 100, three warp threads of the second fabric layer 102 are provided. According to the principles of the present invention, this warp ratio can then be further provided that the warp threads of the first fabric layers 100 each extend where between two immediately adjacent ones Warp threads of the second fabric layer 102 a greater distance is present. That is, the warp threads of the first fabric layer 100 do not extend over or between the respective pair forming warp threads of the second fabric layer 102, but extend over the space between a thread of a thread pair, for example, the respective thread 3 of the thread pair 2-3, and a thread This ensures that the warp threads of the first fabric layer 100 can move closer to the warp threads of the second fabric layer 102, possibly even something can dive into the interspaces with a greater distance, so that at the same thread density, a fabric tape 101 can be obtained with a smaller thickness.

Of course, this effect can also be used if, as in Fig. 30 shown, the weft threads are grouped in pairs, then a shot ratio of 2: 3 can be selected.

The effect of the pairing can be further used to a very space-saving positioning of the binding between the first fabric layer 100 and the second fabric layer 102 producing binding threads. This is based on the Fig. 33 explained. It is assumed in the following that also the Fig. 33 shows a warp cut, ie warp threads in section and cut in the weft direction represents. At this in Fig. 33 illustrated embodiment, the connection between the two fabric layers 100 and 102 is still not realized by weft threads; as in the embodiments explained above, but by warp threads, wherein in each case warp threads 200 and 202 form a warp thread pair that realizes the binding together. As explained above with reference to the weft threads, one of these warp threads 200, 202 with the weft threads of the first fabric layer 100 forms a plain weave, for example, while the other of this warp thread pair 200 or 202 is integrated into the second fabric layer 102 and in this way makes the connection. After a change of these two warp threads then this other thread forms the plain weave in the first fabric layer 100. With regard to the integration into the first fabric layer so a respective pair of warp threads 200 and 202 is actually regarded as a single warp.

One recognizes in Fig. 33 Furthermore, viewed in the weft direction each two such pairs 200, 202 are adjacent to each other and therebetween in each case a single and exclusively in the first fabric layer 100 integrated warp thread 204 runs. Since, as explained above, the warp threads 200, 202 of the first fabric layer 100 to be considered in pairs alternately and also as binding threads are to be interpreted as a single thread with regard to the integration into the first fabric layer 100 this in Fig. 33 shown binding on three warp threads of the second fabric layer 102 now three warp threads of the first fabric layer 100. So here is a Kettverhältnis of 3: 3 before.

The pairing in the second fabric layer 102 is used in this binding that each where between two warp threads of the second fabric layer 102, a larger gap is created, so for example between the warp threads 3 and 4 or 4 and 5, that warp of a respective Kettfadenpaars 200, 202 of the first fabric layer 100 is incorporated into the second fabric layer 102, which is currently not integrated into the first fabric layer 100. Since, in general, the threads, in particular the warp threads, of the first fabric layer 100 have a slightly smaller thickness than the threads of the second fabric layer 102, it is thus practically impossible to provide additional space, the connection between the two fabric layers can be realized.

It should also be noted here that, of course, the connection between the two fabric layers 100 and 102 as described above can also take place by weft threads, in which case in particular the in Fig. 30 shown weft thread grouping in the second fabric layer can be used in the same manner. In this case, the representation would be the Fig. 33 to interpret as a shot cut.

The influence on whether, as in the FIGS. 28 and 29 shown, the weft threads or / and the warp threads should be arranged with uniform spacing from each other, or, if, as in the FIGS. 30 and 31 shown, a pairwise grouping should be obtained, can be made in various ways. Thus, the influence of the type of weaving, that is, the predetermining of the ratio of the thread tension present in the weft threads during the weaving operation to the tension present at the warp threads, can take place. In general, the procedure is such that the tension of the warp threads is varied at basically fixed tension of the weft threads, so that in one medium voltage range in the FIGS. 28 and 29 Depending on the direction of deviation, either a grouping in the region of the weft threads or a grouping in the region of the warp threads can be obtained if the deviation from this stress range is maintained. Also, by specifying the ratio of the diameters of the warp threads and the weft threads, the grouping can be achieved or prevented. Furthermore, the grouping can be enforced or the most uniform possible spacing of the individual threads can be obtained by the Füllcharakter, so the specification of the primary determined by the thread density per unit length of a woven tape and the thread diameter material filling. Here it is generally the case that the lower the weft thread density and the higher the warp thread density, the weft threads will dodge. There are therefore various parameters that can be set in web process, which, if set accordingly, lead to the desired weaving result.

It should be understood that, of course, the above-described embodiments of a fabric tape according to the present invention may be varied in various aspects without departing from the principles of the present invention. It is of course not mandatory that the paper-side fabric layer is made in plain weave. Other types of binding, such as twill weave, could be used. The connection between the two fabric layers, as shown above, can be a structural connection, in which warp threads or weft threads which produce this connection are also used to contribute to the bond present on the paper side or in the paper-side fabric layer , Alternatively, separate Bindekett- or binding weft threads are used, which have only the task of producing the connection between the two fabric layers, but otherwise not be used for the realization of a certain basic-bond pattern in the paper-side fabric layer or the running side fabric layer. Also, it should be emphasized that the various previously shown Embodiments of the invention can be used in so-called high-shaft weaving machines, ie machines which have a very large number of shanks, for example up to 60 shafts.

In summary, it can thus be stated that an elementary advantage of the embodiment according to the invention lies in the fact that irregular atlas binding is used, in which case the occurrence of dominant binding diagonals is avoided. Nevertheless, the invention utilizes the advantageous effect of comparatively long floats in the run-side, second fabric layer, wherein excessively long floats can be avoided, in particular when using an 8-bind satin weave. By combining the irregularity in the weave pattern of the running side, second fabric layer with certain regularities in the involvement of the binding threads particularly advantageous effects are achieved. These regularities may relate once to the position of the crossing points of the binding threads, but may also relate to the position of the binding points thereof in the second layer of fabric. In this case, the regularity can be generated by an offset of the crossing points or binding points proceeding in a same direction, or else by an alternating shifting back and forth of these crossing points or binding points.

It should finally be pointed out that, with reference to the illustrated embodiments, the threads running in the transverse direction CMD were each represented as the weft threads and the threads running in the longitudinal direction MD were shown as the warp threads. Since in general such fabric tapes are longer than they are wide, this is a particularly advantageous variant, since in this way the number of warp threads to be provided can be kept smaller. Of course, the principles of the invention may also find application in fabric tapes in which the threads running in the longitudinal direction MD are the weft threads and those in the transverse direction CMD extending threads are the warp threads.

Claims (14)

1. Woven fabric belt for a machine for producing web material, in particular paper or card, comprising a first woven fabric layer (100) on the webmaterial side and a second woven fabric layer (102) on the machine side, wherein the first woven fabric layer (100) and the second woven fabric layer (102) are interconnected by binder threads (108, 110), and the second woven fabric layer (102) is woven with a satin weave,
   characterized in that the satin weave is an irregular satin weave having a repeat of 8.
2. Woven fabric belt according to Claim 1, characterized in that the first woven fabric layer (100) and the second woven fabric layer (102) are constructed using longitudinal threads, which run in a longitudinal direction of the belt (MD), and transverse threads, which run in a transverse direction of the belt (CMD), and in that the floats of the transverse threads of the second woven fabric layer (102) run on that side of the longitudinal threads of the second woven fabric layer (102) which faces away from the first woven fabric layer (100).
3. Woven fabric belt according to Claim 2, characterized in that the longitudinal threads are warp threads and in that the transverse threads are weft threads.
4. Woven fabric belt according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
   characterized in that, in one repeat of the weave of the second woven fabric layer (102), the weave points formed between longitudinal threads and transverse threads are distributed in such a manner that at least two groups having three weave points, which have a distance corresponding to a pitch number of 2 or a progression number of 2,
   exist.
5. Woven fabric belt according to one of Claims 1 to 4,
   characterized in that, in one repeat of the weave of the second woven fabric layer (102), the weave points formed between longitudinal threads and transverse threads are distributed in such a manner that at least one group having 5 weave points, which have a mutual distance corresponding to a pitch number of 2 and/or a progression number of 2, exists.
6. Woven fabric belt according to Claim 5, characterized in that, in the repeat of the weave, furthermore at least one group having three weave points, which have a mutual distance corresponding to a pitch number of 2 or a progression number of 2, exists.
7. Woven fabric belt according to one of Claims 1 to 6,
   characterized in that, in one repeat of the weave of the second woven fabric layer (102), the weave points formed between longitudinal threads and transverse threads are distributed in such a manner that at least one group having four weave points, which have a mutual distance corresponding to a pitch number of 2 and/or a progression number, exists.
8. Woven fabric belt according to one of Claims 1 to 7,
   characterized in that the binder threads (108, 110) form binder-thread pairs, wherein each binder-thread pair runs in the longitudinal direction or in the transverse direction in each case between two threads of the first woven fabric layer and two threads of the second woven fabric layer.
9. Woven fabric belt according to Claim 8, characterized in that one binder thread of a binder-thread pair binds in each case with threads of the first woven fabric layer (100), whereas the other binder thread (108, 110) of said binder-thread pair binds with at least one thread of the second woven fabric layer (102), and in that, at an intersection point, the two binder threads (108, 110) of the binder-thread pair alternate such that the other binder thread binds with threads of the first woven fabric layer (100), whereas the one binder thread binds with at least one thread of the second woven fabric layer (102).
10. Woven fabric belt according to Claim 9, characterized in that the intersection points of the binder-thread pairs lying next to one another form a regular pattern of intersection points.
11. Woven fabric belt according to one of Claims 8 to 10,
    characterized in that, in the case of two binder-thread pairs running immediately next to one another, no binder thread (108, 110) binds with the same thread of the second woven fabric layer (102).
12. Woven fabric belt according to one of Claims 8 to 11,
    characterized in that at least part of the weave points formed between binder threads (108, 110) and threads of the second woven fabric layer (102) forms a regular pattern of weave points.
13. Woven fabric belt according to one of Claims 8 to 12,
    characterized in that no binder thread (108, 110) binds with a thread of the second woven fabric layer (102) with which a thread, running immediately next to said binder thread, of the second woven fabric layer (102) binds.
14. Method for producing a woven fabric belt for a machine for producing web material, in particular paper or card, in which method the woven fabric belt (101) is woven with a first woven fabric layer (100) on the web-material side and with a second woven fabric layer (102) on the machine side, wherein the first woven fabric layer (100) and the second woven fabric layer (102) are connected by binder threads (108, 110), and wherein the second woven fabric layer (102) is woven with an irregular satin weave having a repeat of 8.

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