EP1987213B1 - Slab formwork system - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a slab formwork system according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such a slab formwork system is for example from the GB 2 266 114 A known.

Another slab formwork system is from the document EP 0 130 425 A1 known. This system consists of formwork panels, on the underside of which C-shaped supports are arranged, which can be hooked in a substantially vertical orientation of the formwork panels with a head of a vertical support, after which the formwork panels can be pivoted while maintaining the hook connection in a horizontal position. In order to avoid a displacement of the carrier in the longitudinal direction relative to the head of the vertical support, the base portion of the C-shaped support is provided with an opening into which a fixing element can engage, which is fixedly connected to the head of the vertical support. A disadvantage of this slab formwork system is the fact that mounted on the vertical supports shuttering elements can solve easily with appropriate force from the vertical supports, which can cause a considerable risk of accidents.

An object of the invention is to be seen to develop a generic slab formwork system such that there is a reduced risk of accidents during assembly conditions.

This object is achieved by the features of claim 1 and in particular by the fact that the head of a vertical support additionally has fixing elements which do not allow movement of the carrier in its longitudinal direction relative to the head.

The anti-lifting device provided according to the invention ensures that a shuttering element once coupled with a vertical support can not subsequently be loosened or displaced in an unintentional manner by the vertical support by means of a movement of the shuttering element directed essentially upwards or in the longitudinal direction of the support. This is particularly during the assembly or disassembly phase, ie before or after the application of the concrete to the slab formwork system, an advantage, since in certain situations can act on vertically coupled to vertical supports areas of formwork elements up or in the longitudinal direction of the carrier directed force components which then according to the prior art can lead to an unwanted and often dangerous lifting of the formwork elements of the vertical supports or to an unintentional displacement of the formwork elements relative to the vertical supports.

Preferably, the lift-off is designed as a first hook element, which is fixed, but possibly releasably connected to the vertical support and engages in the mounted position of a formwork element in a second hook element, which is formed on the carrier of the respective shuttering element. Thus, the anti-lifting device according to the invention can be produced economically and efficiently, wherein it is also achieved that the effect of the anti-lift device can be achieved solely by hooking the first and second hook elements without having to be handled separately Parts or tools would be necessary. This has a corresponding effect on the disassembly of the slab formwork system according to the invention positively.

The carriers of the formwork elements may have an at least partially C-shaped cross-section, which has two legs extending away from a base portion, wherein one of these two legs is designed as a second hook element. Since this second leg is present in any case with a C-shaped support, the second hook element can be realized in this case, practically without any economic effort.
The designed as a second hook member legs of the carrier may further at least partially form a support surface for supporting the carrier on a head of a vertical support, so that this leg then plays a dual role, which further increases the efficiency of the overall arrangement.

The head of a vertical support may have in each case a recess of said support surface engaging fixing elements, wherein the recess is provided on the said base portion of the C-shaped support facing away from the end of the support surface. It is particularly advantageous in this case if the first hook elements are formed on the fixing elements attached to the head of the vertical support. Such an embodiment will be explained in more detail in the context of the description of the figures.

It is particularly preferred if the carrier can be coupled to the vertical support optionally in two mutually offset by 90 ° directions.

For example, if the recess for fixing the carrier in its longitudinal direction relative to the vertical support according to the invention not provided in the base portion, but rather in the support surface and there in the base portion remote area, it is possible to arrange a plurality of fixing such on the head of a vertical support, that a carrier in two mutually offset by 90 ° directions at the head of the vertical support can be attached. As a result, the variability of a slab formwork system according to the invention over known slab formwork systems is increased in such a way that the slab formwork system can be optimally adapted to individual circumstances by the given choice in the attachment of formwork elements on a head of a vertical support.

While according to the invention one leg of the carrier serves as a support surface and as a second hook element for cooperation with a vertical support, the other leg of the carrier may be formed as a contact surface for a plurality of longitudinal members of a grate element, then ultimately a formwork skin can be applied. Alternatively, however, the other leg can also be formed as a contact surface for a formwork panel, in which case, in contrast to the use of a grate element, there are no further elements between the support according to the invention and the formwork panel.

The carriers used according to the invention are preferably designed as open profile elements. Alternatively, however, closed profiles can be used, in which then the described recess is also provided in the region of the respective support surface, which is brought into contact with the vertical supports.

It is preferred if the support surface of the carrier in each of the two mutually remote end portions of the carrier in each case two, three or more recesses. This plurality of recesses makes it possible to couple a carrier at different, distributed over its length positions with a vertical support, so that again different installation situations can be taken into account, but at the same time at each selected position, the Abhebsicherung invention is realized.
It is advantageous if at least two recesses of the support surface and two fixing elements of the head of a vertical support are spaced apart from each other such that a simultaneous engagement of each of the two fixing elements in one of the two recesses is possible. In this case, the carrier can then be mounted on a vertical support via said concurrent engagement either flush with its head, or it can be mounted such that the support projects beyond the head of the vertical support on both sides. Providing a corresponding number of pairs of recesses, the carrier can protrude over different adapted to the particular circumstances lengths over the head of the vertical support. These different lengths are easily adjustable by selecting a suitable pair of recesses.

Even with the provision of at least two recesses in the support surface in one or both end regions of the support, it is possible to couple these only via one of the two recesses with a fixing element of the head of a vertical support. This coupling variant is chosen in particular when two longitudinally aligned carriers are to be fastened to a common head of a vertical support.

It is particularly preferred if the support surface on its end portion remote from the base portion has an upwardly extending or angled, preferably parallel to the base portion extending tab, which is provided with a particular V-shaped recess which is provided with the recess provided in the support surface is aligned, that recess and recess merge into each other. In this case, the mounting of a formwork element on a vertical support designed particularly simple, since the correct positioning between the recess provided in the support surface and the fixing of the respective head is facilitated by said recess. Specifically, a carrier provided with said tab can be positioned above a head of a vertical support such that the recess in the tab is located directly above the respective fixing element of the head, whereupon the support can be lowered onto the head, where the Fixing element of the head in the recess of the tab "threaded" is. By a subsequent pivoting of the formwork element about an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the support pivot axis is then achieved that the fixing element is inevitably introduced via the recess provided in the tab in the corresponding recess of the support surface. The leading of the fixing to the recess of the support surface is favored in particular by the V-shape of the recess in the tab, wherein the width of the V-shaped recess increases with increasing distance to the corresponding recess in the support surface.

It is also advantageous if the tab in each of the two end regions of a carrier facing away from each other has two, three or more recesses of the type mentioned, which are each aligned with corresponding recesses in the support surface. In this case can then a corresponding recess in the tab are provided for each recess in the support surface, so that the insertion of the fixing element is facilitated in any recesses of the support surface.

Preferably, the underside of the support surface extends in its mounted position, starting from the base portion obliquely upward, so that in particular the angle between the underside of the support surface and the base portion is less than 90 ° and preferably between 70 ° and 80 °. By this measure it is achieved that the disassembly of a formwork element according to the invention can be carried out easily, since a pivoting of a formwork element about an axis parallel to the support axis is not hindered by an upward movement of surface portions of the formwork element. This will be particularly apparent when considering the following Figures 5 ac clear.

The vertical supports may each be provided with a support head, which in addition to a perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the respective vertical support extending support plane thereof angled fixing tabs for engagement in a respective recess of the support surface of a support. In this case, the above-described fixing elements of the support head are then formed on the fixing straps. The use of angled Fixierlaschen is advantageous in that for the support head a plate-shaped member in the raw state can be bent from the certain areas, preferably corner areas, as fixing straps, so that it is not necessary to attach separate fixing on the support head. Alternatively, it is also possible to form the support head as a cast or forged part or to manufacture plastic.

For example, eight fixing lugs can be provided per support head, which extend in particular perpendicular to the support plane of the support head.

Preferably, the support plane is formed substantially square or rectangular, in which case they may each have two adjacent, fixing lugs in each of its four corner regions, which each extend perpendicular to each other.

It is particularly advantageous if fixing elements are formed on only a few of the plurality of fixing straps, which at the same time have first hook elements. This means that only when coupling formwork elements with such fixing straps, the fixing elements are designed as first hook elements, the anti-lifting device according to the invention is realized. However, if such fixing lugs are used for the production of a connection between Schalungselerizent and vertical support, the fixing elements are not designed as a first hook elements, is selectively waived the anti-lifting device according to the invention. This may well be useful and advantageous in certain applications, for example, if it is necessary due to the existing installation situation, hang a formwork element from above on the associated vertical supports, since in this case the first hook elements would collide with the second hook elements. By omitting the first hook elements, however, such a vertical placing from above is possible. Furthermore, it is necessary in certain applications, auszuschalen a slab formwork at a certain point in the interior targeted to create in this way, for example, a walk-through. In such a case, the auszuschalende formwork element must be lifted vertically upwards be, which would not be possible in Providence of first hook elements in the field of vertical supports.
In this respect, it is useful for preserving the flexibility, at least for certain support both fixation with fixing plates and provide without first hook elements, since such a support head can then optionally be used so that a lift-off is achieved or just so that a lift-off is deliberately avoided , It is particularly preferred in this context if fixing lugs of a support head which extend in a first direction have fixing elements with first hook elements and fixing lugs of the same support head which extend in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction have fixing elements which are free of first hook elements.
Then, when formwork elements are coupled with such a support head, which extend perpendicular to the first direction, a lift-off is provided. However, if the shuttering elements extend perpendicular to the second direction, a lift-off protection is deliberately omitted.

It is particularly advantageous if the support head has abutment areas for the rear side of the base section of a carrier facing away from the legs, wherein the abutment surfaces of the abutment areas extend in particular perpendicularly to the support plane. In a carrier coupled with such a support head, after completion of an assembly operation, there are areas of the fixing elements or fixing lugs in the recesses of the support surface complementary thereto, wherein at the same time the rear side of the base section is supported on said abutment areas or only a short distance away from these abutment areas lie comes. Thus, these stop areas prevent the fixing elements from the said recesses can move out, so that here a reliable and defined fixation of a carrier is secured to a support head.

Preferably, a total of eight stop areas are provided, the stop surfaces extend in particular at an angle of 90 ° to their respective associated fixing tabs. These eight stop regions make it possible for one carrier each to be fastened to the support head at four different positions, two orientations of the carrier in a horizontal plane offset by 90 ° being possible at each of these four positions. Overall, therefore, four different carriers can be arranged on a support head at the same time, the orientation of each individual carrier can be selected individually.

The abovementioned stop areas of the support head can be formed by separate stop elements, which are subsequently coupled to the support head. However, it is preferred if four stop regions are formed by a substantially U-shaped, extending from the support plane upwardly extending portion of the support head or the plate-shaped member from which the support head is made. Each two further stop areas can be formed by one stop tab each bent out of the support plane upwards. In this way, the use of separate elements can be completely avoided, and it is also possible to manufacture the entire support head from a single plate-shaped element.

The support head used according to the invention can be connected either detachably or fixedly to its associated vertical support.

It is particularly advantageous if the support head can be coupled to a preferably substantially square head plate of a commercially available vertical support, wherein the sizes of head plate and support head can be approximately equal in plan view to each other. In this case, the support head can be pushed onto the head plate in a direction running parallel to the head plate of the vertical support. The underside of a support plane of the support head comes to lie in the mounted position preferably directly on the top plate of the vertical support, so that no vertical extension of the support over its top plate extending elements are needed. The distance between the top of the top plate of the vertical support and the support plane of the support head thus corresponds in this advantageous embodiment substantially the thickness of the material used for the support head.

In Providence a releasable connection of the support head - as already mentioned - pushed in a direction parallel to its support plane direction on a vertical support and fixed there in particular by means of a spring element held in the support head. This spring element then represents the only element of the support head, which can not be made of a plate-shaped base member. In a plastic training, the spring element can also be formed integrally with the support head.

• Die Montage eines erfindungsgemäßen Deckenschalungssystems ist für einen Monteur besonders bequem durchführbar, wenn die Vertikalstütze und der Träger eines Schalungselements in einer solchen Position miteinander verhakbar sind, in der das Schalungselement und die Vertikalstütze einen Winkel kleiner 90° einschließen. Bevorzugt ist es dabei, wenn bei der Erstellung dieser Hakverbindung das Schalungselement im Wesentlichen parallel zu der jeweiligen Vertikalstütze bzw. den jeweiligen Vertikalstützen verläuft.
• Nach dem Verhaken kann dann unter Aufrechterhaltung der Hakverbindung ein Verschwenken des Schalungselements in eine solche Position erfolgen, in der das Schalungselement und die Vertikalstützen einen Winkel von ungefähr 90° einschließen, so dass sich das Schalungselement in einer horizontalen Ebene erstreckt, in der es letztlich für die Erzeugung einer Betondecke eingesetzt werden kann. In dieser Position, liegen sich dann auch die erfindungsgemäßen ersten und zweiten Hakenelemente gegenüber, so dass die beabsichtigte Wirkung einer Abhebesicherung gegeben ist.

According to the invention, it is preferred if all support heads, vertical supports, and / or end regions of the carriers used are designed to be identical to one another. This then allows any combination variants and avoids the erroneous handling of individual components of the slab formwork system according to the invention:

• The installation of a slab formwork system according to the invention is particularly convenient to perform for a fitter when the vertical support and the support of a formwork element are hooked together in such a position in which include the formwork element and the vertical support an angle less than 90 °. In this case, it is preferable for the formwork element to extend essentially parallel to the respective vertical support or the respective vertical supports during the production of this hook connection.
• After hooking can then be carried out while maintaining the hook connection pivoting of the formwork element in such a position in which the formwork element and the vertical supports form an angle of approximately 90 °, so that the formwork element extends in a horizontal plane in which it ultimately for the production of a concrete pavement can be used. In this position, then the first and second hook elements according to the invention are also opposite, so that the intended effect of a lift-off is given.

The shuttering elements used according to the invention may for example consist of mutually parallel spaced longitudinal members which are fixedly connected to at least one perpendicular thereto cross member, wherein the upper sides of the longitudinal members form a support surface for a formwork, the top of the or the cross member (s) on the Underside of the side members abuts, and the bottom of the cross member (s) forms a support surface of the type described. In this case, therefore form the formwork elements according to the invention grate elements, which are first mounted on the vertical supports, whereupon then the formwork skin or the formwork panels can be applied to the locking elements.

Alternatively, however, it is also possible to form the formwork elements in such a way that a formwork skin is applied directly to the above-described supports, in particular on their upper sides. In this case, then already complete, formwork and carrier comprehensive formwork panels are mounted on the vertical supports in accordance with the invention.

Further preferred embodiments of the invention are explained in the subclaims.

Fig. 1

eine dreidimensionale Ansicht eines Endabschnitts eines im Rahmen der Erfindung zum Einsatz gelangenden, mit dem Kopf einer Vertikalstütze koppelbaren Trägers,

Fig. 2

eine dreidimensionale Ansicht eines mit einem Träger gemäß Fig. 1 koppelbaren Kopfes einer Vertikalstütze von schräg oben,

Fig. 3

eine dreidimensionale Ansicht eines mit einem Kopf einer Vertikalstütze gemäß Fig. 2 gekoppelten Trägers gemäß Fig. 1 in einer ersten Befestigungsposition von schräg oben,

Fig. 4

eine Ansicht gemäß Fig. 3 von schräg, unten bei Realisierung einer zweiten Befestigungsposition,

Fig. 5a - c

jeweils eine Seitenansicht verschiedener-Verfahrensschritte beim Koppeln eines Trägers gemäß Fig. 1 mit einem Kopf gemäß Fig. 2,

Fig. 6a - c

Anrichten gemäß Fig. 5a - c mit einem um 90° gedrehten Kopf einer Vertikalstütze,

Fig. 7

eine dreidimensionale Ansicht eines mit vier Trägern gekoppelten Vertikalstützenkopfes von schräg unten, wobei zwei Träger senkrecht zu zwei weiteren Trägern ausgerichtet sind, und

Fig. 8

eine Ansicht gemäß Fig. 7, bei der alle vier Träger parallel zueinander verlaufen.

The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the drawings; in these show:

Fig. 1

3 shows a three-dimensional view of an end section of a carrier used in the context of the invention, which can be coupled to the head of a vertical support,

Fig. 2

a three-dimensional view of a carrier according to Fig. 1 coupling head of a vertical support from diagonally above,

Fig. 3

a three-dimensional view of one with a head of a vertical support according to Fig. 2 coupled carrier according to Fig. 1 in a first fastening position obliquely from above,

Fig. 4

a view according to Fig. 3 obliquely, at the bottom in the realization of a second fastening position,

Fig. 5a - c

in each case a side view of different process steps when coupling a carrier according to Fig. 1 with a head according to Fig. 2 .

Fig. 6a - c

According to Fig. 5a - c with a 90 ° turned head of a vertical support,

Fig. 7

a three-dimensional view of a four-carrier coupled vertical support head obliquely from below, wherein two carriers are aligned perpendicular to two other carriers, and

Fig. 8

a view according to Fig. 7 in which all four beams are parallel to each other.

The in Fig. 1 shown carrier 2 is designed as an open elongated profile element, which has a C-shaped portion with two legs extending away from a base portion 4 legs, wherein the lower leg is designed as a support surface 6 for support on a head of a vertical support. The upper, supported for reinforcement with a diagonal strut 7 on the base portion 4 leg forms a bearing surface 8 for the undersides of longitudinal beams, for example, perpendicular to the carrier 2, which in this case then forms a cross member, so that said side members together with the carrier 2 and optionally further cross members form a grate element, on which a formwork skin can be applied. Alternatively, the support surface 8 can also serve directly as a support surface for a formlining.

In the illustrated carrier 2 is - seen in cross section - the base portion 4 longer than the support surface 8, which in turn is designed to be longer than the support surface 6. The length of the support surface 8 is approximately twice the length of the support surface 6, whereas the length of the Base portion 4 is approximately twice the length of the support surface 8.

The underside of the support surface 6 is not parallel to the support surface 8, but rather obliquely upwards in the direction of the support surface 8. In this way it follows that the thickness of the support surface 6 decreases with increasing distance from the base portion 4, since the support surface. 8 facing top of the support surface 6 in contrast to its underside parallel to the support surface 8 extends. The advantages of this training will be described below in connection with Fig. 5 ac still explained.

At the end remote from the base portion 4 of the support surface 6, an upwardly angled tab 10 is formed, which extends parallel to the base portion 4 in the direction of the support surface 8. As an alternative to the aforementioned bend, a round transition could also be formed between the support surface 6 and the tab 10, so that, for example, the shape of a quadrant is set substantially in cross section between the support surface 6 and the tab 10. The tab 10 is provided in the illustrated embodiment with two spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the carrier 2 V-shaped recesses 12, 14, wherein the width of these recesses 12, 14 decreases each with increasing distance from the support surface. The recesses 12, 14 extend over the entire height of the tab 10 and go in its lower end in recesses 20, 22 of the support surface 6 via. The width of the recesses 20, 22 corresponds approximately to the width of the V-shaped recesses 12, 14 in their recesses 20, 22 facing end region. The recesses 20, 22 extend into the support surface 6 by less than half the length of the support surface 6.
By said arrangement of the recesses 12, 14 and the recesses 20, 22, the recesses 12, 14 due to their V-shaped Forming a "Einfädelhilfe" for that. Introduce fixing in the recesses 20, 22 form, this Einfädelhilfe is particularly effective when the carrier 2 after the introduction to a fixing by 90 ° up in his in Fig. 1 shown position is pivoted. This pivotal movement is facilitated by the explained oblique orientation of the underside of the support surface 6.

In Fig. 1 only one end region of the carrier 2 is shown. The other, not shown, end portion of the carrier 2 is formed analogously to the illustrated end region, so that the carrier 2 in each of its two end regions in each case two recesses 12, 14 and two recesses 20, 22 has.

The Fig. 2 shows in three-dimensional view a head 28 which can be coupled to a vertical support (not shown). The head 28 is made of an originally substantially rectangular steel plate, which is bent such that in its central region a substantially U-shaped bent portion 30 is formed, which extends over the entire width of the head 28 upwards and which has in its upper portion on both sides depending on an outwardly projecting stop bead 31. The U-shaped section 30 divides the plane formed as a support plane 32 base of the head 28 into two halves of equal size. In the case of supports 2 mounted on the head 28, said support plane 32 absorbs the vertical forces to be transmitted by the supports 2 to a vertical support, since the support surface 6 of a support 2 is ultimately supported on the support plane 32 of the head 28, which will be explained below.

Vertically spaced from the U-shaped section 30, the support plane 32 at their two opposite end portions each have a U-shape downwardly curved coupling tab 34, so that between the mutually facing coupling tabs 34 a parallel to the support plane 32 extending receiving plane for a (not shown) top plate of a vertical support is defined. Such a top plate can be inserted in the longitudinal direction of the U-shaped portion 30 in the coupling tabs 34 until it abuts two stop members 36 which are integrally formed with the U-shaped portion and extending from this down into said receiving plane for extend the top plate of the vertical support. In Fig.2 only one of these stop elements 36 can be seen.

In the cavity surrounded by the U-förmigeiz section 30, a spring element is attached. The end portions 40 of the spring element 38 are in the region of an opening 42 of the U-shaped portion 30 and bent in the region of an end face of the U-shaped portion 30 such that the spring element 38 is held captive on the head 28. In this case, the spring element 38 is shaped in such a way that a middle section thereof extends downwards at least into the receiving plane provided for the head plate of a vertical support, between the coupling lugs 34, so that said section of the spring element 38 enters a frontal cavity of a vertical support or a head plate of a vertical support can snap, whereby the head 28 can be fixed in a defined position to a vertical support. In such a position, the two stop members 36 abut an edge of the head plate of a vertical support. When removing the head 28 from a vertical support, the spring element is deformed by the withdrawal force, so that the spring element ensures a correct positioning of the head 28 relative to the vertical support on the one hand, but also allows a subsequent release of the head 28 from a vertical support.

The four corner regions of the support plane 32 are each bent upwards perpendicular to the support plane 32, so that they form a total of eight fixing lugs 44 51, which each extend either perpendicular or parallel to the longitudinal direction of the U-shaped section 30. Two mutually perpendicular, mutually adjacent fixing tabs 51, 44; 45, 46; 47, 48; 49, 50 are each associated with a corner of the support plane 32. The width of the fixing lugs 44 to 51 is slightly more than twice their height, wherein the corners of the support plane 32 respectively facing away from the end portions of the fixing plates 44 to 51 are chamfered.
Each of the corners of the support plane 32 facing away from vertical edge 52, 54; 56, 58; 60, 62; 64, 66 of the fixing lugs 44 to 51 in each case forms a fixing element, which is suitable in the sense of the invention for engagement in a recess 20 to 26 of a support 2. When a carrier 2 is coupled via one of the fixing straps 44 to 51, only one of the two fixing elements 52 to 66 of a fixing strap 44 to 51 is always effective. The provision of two fixing elements 52 to 66 per fixing lug pair 51, 44; 45, 46; 47, 48; 49, 50 makes it possible to couple a carrier 2 optionally in two offset by 90 ° to each other, parallel to the support plane 32 extending directions with a fixing tab 44 to 51st.

From each of the two halves of the support plane 32 is in each case a stop tab 68, 70 bent close up, each of the two end, perpendicular to the support plane 32 extending edges of the stop tabs 68, 70 each have a stop surface 72, 74, 76, 78 for the back of the base portion 4 of a carrier 2 form.

Four further stop surfaces 80, 82, 84, 86 are formed by perpendicular to the support plane 32 extending portions of the U-shaped portion 30, in particular by the stop beads 31. Also these stop surfaces 80 to 86 are each adapted to cooperate with the back of the base portion 4 of a carrier 2.

Specifically, a carrier 2 between following pairs of mutually opposite fixing elements 52 to 66 and stop surfaces 72 to 86 are fixed:
52, 80; 4 72; 56; 74 ;. 58; 82; 60.84; 62, 76; 64, 78; 66, 86.

According to the invention, all those fixing lugs 46, 47, 50, 51, which extend perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the U-shaped section 30, each have a first hook element 87 on their fixing elements 58, 60, 66, 52, which respectively contact the U-shaped section. shaped portion 30 extends and forms an undercut viewed from above, which can be engaged behind by a second hook member or a support surface 6 of a support 2.
The other fixing elements 54, 56, 62, 64 of the remaining fixing straps are free of first hook elements 87. It is thus achieved that a support 2 extending parallel to the longitudinal direction of the U-shaped section 30 and coupled to the head 28 is supported by first hook elements 87 a lift-off from the head 28 is secured, whereas a perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the U-shaped portion 30 extending, coupled to the head 28 carrier 2 due to the lack of the fixing elements 54, 56, 62, 64 first hook elements 87 vertically from the head 28 to can be lifted off above.

The Fig. 3 and 4 show a head plate 88 of a vertical support 90, which is so far inserted into coupling lugs 34 of a head 28 until an edge of the top plate 88 abuts against the stop elements 36 of the head 28. With the head 28 are each a carrier 2 according to Fig. 1 coupled to the support surface 8 longitudinal beams 92 are fixed, which are perpendicular extend to the carrier 2. According to Fig. 4 is attached to the top of the longitudinal beams 92 a formwork skin 94, which in turn is coupled to a Stirnabschalung 96.

According to Fig. 3 and 4 the carrier 2 is coupled to the head 28 such that the fixing element 52 in the recess 12 and the recess 20 (FIG. Fig. 1 ) extends into it. At the same time, the fixing element 58 extends into the recess 14 and the recess 22 (FIG. Fig. 1 ). The base portion 4 of the carrier 2 is supported on its back on the stop surfaces 80 and 82, so that ultimately these stop surfaces 80, 82 together with the fixing elements 52, 58 effectively prevent the carrier 2 can move perpendicular to its base portion 4. At the same time, the engagement between the fixing elements 52, 58 and the recesses 20, 22 ensures that no movement in the longitudinal direction of the carrier 2 relative to the head 28 can take place.

Alternatively, the carrier 2 could also be coupled in a position offset in the longitudinal direction of the carrier 2 with the head 28, in which only the fixing element 58 would engage in the recess 12 or in the corresponding recess 20.
In this case, the carrier 2 would then no longer as in the Fig. 3 and 4 extend over the entire support plane 32 of the head 28 away. Rather, it would only extend over less than half the width of the support plane 32, so that for example via the fixing element 52, a further carrier 2 could be coupled to the head 28, so that both carriers 2 would extend aligned in the longitudinal direction.

Finally, a support 2 could also be coupled to the head 28 via its recesses 12, 14 or recesses 20, 22 that he is perpendicular to his in Fig. 3 shown alignment extends. In this case, then the fixing element 54 would engage in one of the recesses 20, 22, wherein the back of the base portion 4 of the carrier would be supported on the stop surface 72 of the stop tab 68.

In particular, it is also possible to couple two, three or four carriers 2 to the head 28, wherein each of the carriers 2 can then be fixed between one of the above-mentioned pairs of fixing elements 52 to 66 and stop surfaces 72 to 86. The individual carriers 2 may extend parallel or perpendicular to each other.

The Fig. 5a to c show how a coupling between carrier 2 and head 28, as shown in Fig. 3 is shown, can be produced. .

First, a formwork element 98 consisting of girders 2 and longitudinal members 92 is oriented relative to a vertical support 90 such that the longitudinal girders 92 are either substantially parallel to the vertical support 90 or, as in FIG Fig. 5a shown - extend slightly obliquely to this orientation. In this orientation, a formwork element 98 can be easily grasped by a fitter and lifted so that the support 2 is ultimately located above a head 28 of the vertical support 90. Starting from this raised position then the formwork element 98 is aligned and lowered by the fitter so that the fixing elements 52, 58 are inserted into the V-shaped recesses 12, 14 of the tab 10. This insertion is facilitated by the V-shape of the recesses 12, 14. The first hook elements 87 of the fixing elements 52, 58 are only so far in the direction of the U-shaped portion 30, that said insertion is not hindered. In this way, so between the head 28 and the carrier 2 already a hook connection made in which the weight of the shuttering element 98 to a. predominantly can be introduced via the support plane 32 in the vertical support 90, so that the person performing the assembly no longer has to hold the full weight of the formwork element 98.

Starting from the hook connection according to Fig. 5a Now is the formwork element 98 according to Fig. 5b in the direction of the arrow about a pivot axis extending parallel to the longitudinal axis of the support 2 pivoted upward, during this pivoting movement automatically the fixing 52, 58 - guided by the V-shaped recesses 12, 14 - in the recesses 20, 22 of the support surface 6 of the support. 2 be moved in. The said pivoting movement is continued until the position according to Fig. 5c is achieved, in which the shuttering element 98 and its longitudinal beams 92 extend in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the vertical support 90. Out Fig. 5c is particularly clear that the stop surfaces 80, 82 effectively prevent in this fully assembled position that the carrier 2 in the arrow direction so perpendicular to the base portion 4 of the carrier 2 moves that the fixing elements 52, 58 out of engagement with the recesses 20, 22nd reach. Further shows Fig. 5c in that the first hook elements 87 have been brought into a position solely by said pivoting movement, in which they engage over the recess-free region of the support surface or of the second hook elements 6, so that the formwork element 98 can not be raised vertically parallel to the base section 4. A release of the head 28 and formwork element 98 is therefore only possible if the formwork element 98 against the arrow direction of Fig. 5b , is pivoted down.

If in the context of disassembly of the formwork element 98 in the reverse order as in connection with Fig. 5 A - c is described, the formed on the underside of the support surface 6 bevel, which forms an angle of about 75 ° with the base portion 4, comes into effect to advantage. Because of this slope, it is namely possible, the shuttering element 98 starting from the position according to Fig. 5c contrary to the direction of the arrow Fig. 5b swivel without a clamping effect occurs between the top of the formwork element 98, a formwork skin resting thereon and an already created concrete pavement. Rather, the slope ensures that move all parts of the formwork element 98 when pivoting down, so that a trouble stripping is possible.

The Fig. 6a to c illustrate that a corresponding coupling process can be realized if it is ultimately desired that the finished assembled formwork element 98 without realizing a lift-off in a relation to the Fig. 3 and 5a to c 90 ° offset angle relative to the head 28 to extend. In this case, for example, then the fixing element 64 cooperates with the recess 12 and the recess 20 of the carrier 2. The described pivoting process runs according to the Fig. 6a to 6c analogous to that in connection with the Fig. 5a to c described pivoting operation with the difference that the back of the base portion 4 of the carrier 2 according to Fig. 6c ultimately on the support surface 78 of the stop tab 70 is supported, which in turn prevents the fixing member 64 can move out of the recess 20 and 22 out. Furthermore, it is off Fig. 6c It can be seen that the fixing element 64 does not have a first hook element 87, so that the formwork element 98 can be raised vertically upwards in parallel to the base section 4.

• Träger 100: Fixierelement 56, Ausnehmung 20, Anschlagfläche 74
• Träger 102: Fixierelement 62, Ausnehmung 20, Anschlagfläche 76
• Träger 104: Fixierelement 52, Ausnehmung 20, Anschlagfläche 80
• Träger 106: Fixierelement 66, Ausnehmung 20, Anschlagfläche 86

Die Träger 104, 106 sind - im Gegensatz zu den Trägern 100, 102 - aufgrund des Zusammenwirkens mit den Fixierelementen 52, 66, welche jeweils ein erstes Hakenelement 87 aufweisen, gegen ein Abheben gesichert. Fig. 7 shows a total of four carriers 100, 102, 104, 106, which are coupled to a head 28 of a vertical support 90. The two carriers 100, 102 are arranged aligned with each other end face spaced from each other, whereas the two carriers 104, 106 extend parallel to each other and perpendicular to the carriers 100, 102. All carriers 100 to 106 are formed as in connection with the carrier 2 according to FIG Fig. 1 described. The following fixing elements, recesses and stop surfaces with respect to the various carriers 100 to 106 act together here:

• Carrier 100: fixing element 56, recess 20, stop surface 74
• Carrier 102: fixing element 62, recess 20, stop surface 76
• Carrier 104: fixing element 52, recess 20, stop surface 80
• Carrier 106: fixing element 66, recess 20, stop surface 86

The carriers 104, 106 are - in contrast to the carriers 100, 102 - due to the interaction with the fixing elements 52, 66, which each have a first hook member 87 secured against lifting.

• Träger 100: Fixierelement 52, Ausnehmung 20, Anschlagfläche 80
• Träger 102: Fixierelement 66, Ausnehmung 20, Anschlagfläche 86
• Träger 104: Fixierelement 60, Ausnehmung 20, Anschlagfläche 84
• Träger 106: Fixierelemente 58, Ausnehmung 20, Anschlagfläche 82

Alle Träger 104, 106, 100, 102 sind aufgrund des Zusammenwirkens mit den Fixierelementen 52, 58, 60, 66, welche jeweils ein erstes Hakenelement 87 aufweisen, gegen ein Abheben gesichert. Fig. 8 shows an arrangement in which all the carriers 100 to 106 parallel to each other, wherein each two carriers 100 and 106 or 102 and 104 are arranged longitudinally aligned with each other at the end face each other. In this arrangement, the following fixing element, recesses and stop surfaces act together:

• Carrier 100: fixing element 52, recess 20, stop surface 80
• Carrier 102: fixing element 66, recess 20, stop surface 86
• Carrier 104: fixing element 60, recess 20, stop surface 84
• Carrier 106: fixing elements 58, recess 20, stop surface 82

All carriers 104, 106, 100, 102 are secured against lifting due to the interaction with the fixing elements 52, 58, 60, 66, which each have a first hook element 87.

According to the invention, any other arrangements of one to four carriers can be realized on a head 28. In each coupled via one of the two outer recesses 20 or 22 with a head 28 carrier 2 can be completely independent of all other coupled to the head 28 carriers 2 realize two different, mutually offset by 90 ° alignments of the support 2.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

2

carrier

4

base section

6

Support surface, second hook element

7

diagonal strut

8th

bearing surface

10

flap

12, 14

recess

20, 22

recess

28

head

30

U-shaped section

31

stop bead

32

support plane

34

coupling tabs

36

stop elements

40

end

42

perforation

44 - 51

fixing lugs

52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 66

fixing

68, 70

stop tabs

72, 74, 76, 78, 80, 82, 84, 86

stop surfaces

87

first hook element

88

headstock

90

vertical support

92

longitudinal beams

94

formwork skin

96

Stopends

98

An element

100, 102, 104, 106

carrier

Claims (15)

1. A slab formwork system having a plurality of formwork elements (98) which have carriers (2, 100-106) couplable with heads (28) of vertical supports (90) at their lower side, wherein the head (28) of a vertical support (90) has a lift-off safeguard fixing a carrier (2, 100-106) of a formwork element in the vertical direction;
   characterized in that
   the head (28) of a vertical support (90) has additional fixing elements (52-66) which prevent a movement of the carrier (2, 100-106) in its longitudinal direction relative to the head (28).
2. A slab formwork system in accordance with claim 1, characterized
   in that the lift-off safeguard is designed as a first hook element (87) which engages in the installed position of a formwork element (98) into a second hook element (6) which is formed at the carrier (2, 100-106) of the formwork element (98).
3. A slab formwork system in accordance with claim 2, characterized
   in that the cross-section of the carrier (2, 100-106) is designed at least regionally in C-shape with two limbs (6, 8) extending away from a base section (4), with one of the limbs (6) being designed as a second hook element and preferably at least sectionally forming a support surface (6) for the support of the carrier (2, 100-106) on a head (28) of a vertical support (90).
4. A slab formwork system in accordance with claim 3, characterized
   in that the head (28) of a vertical support (90) has fixing elements (52-66) engaging in each case into a recess (20, 22) of the support surface (6) at which the first hook surfaces (87) are preferably formed, with the recess (20, 22) being provided at the end of the support surface (6) remote from the base section (4) of the C-shaped carrier.
5. A slab formwork system in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier (2, 100-106) is couplable to the vertical support (90) selectively in two direction offset by 90° with respect to one another.
6. A slab formwork system in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support surface (6) of the carrier (2, 100-106) has two, three or more respective recesses (20-22) in each of the two mutually remote end regions of the carrier (2, 100-106), with at least two recesses (20-22) of the support surface (6) and two fixing elements (52-66) of the head (28) of a vertical support (90) preferably being spaced apart from one another such that a simultaneous engagement of each of the two fixing elements (52-66) into a respective one of the two recesses (20-22) is made possible.
7. A slab formwork system in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support surface (6) has at its end region remote from the base section (4) an upwardly extending or angled lug (10), preferably extending parallel to the base section (4), which is provided with a cut-out (12, 14), in particular of V shape, which is aligned with the recess (20, 22) provided in the support surface (6) such that the cut-out (12, 14) and the recess (20, 22) merge into one another, with the lug (10) preferably having two, three or more respective cut-outs (12, 14) in each of the two mutually remote end regions of a carrier (2, 100-106), each of said cut-outs being aligned with corresponding recesses (20, 22) in the support surface (6).
8. A slab formwork system in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vertical supports (90) are each provided with a support head (28) which, in addition to a support plane (32) extending perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the respective vertical support (90), has fixing lugs (44-51) angled therefrom with a respective fixing element (52-66) for engagement into a respective recess (20, 22) of the support surface (6) of a carrier (2, 100-106), with preferably eight fixing lugs (44-51) being provided per support head (28) which in particular extend perpendicular to the support plane (32) of the support head (28).
9. A slab formwork system in accordance with claim 8, characterized
   in that the support surface (32) is substantially square or rectangular and has two respective adjacent fixing lugs (44-51) in each of its four corner regions, said fixing lugs each extending perpendicular to one another, with fixing elements (58, 60, 66, 52) which simultaneously have first hook elements (87) preferably only being formed at some of the plurality of fixing lugs (46, 47, 50, 51).
10. A slab formwork system in accordance with claim 9, characterized
    in that fixing lugs (46, 47, 50, 51) which extend in a first direction have fixing elements (58, 60, 66, 52) having first hook elements (87); and in that fixing lugs (44, 43, 48, 49) which extend in a second direction extending perpendicular to the first direction have fixing elements (54, 56, 62, 64) which are free of first hook elements (87).
11. A slab formwork system in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support head (28) has abutment regions for the rear side of the base section (4) of a carrier (2, 100-106) remote from the limbs (6, 8), with the abutment surfaces (72-86) of the abutment regions in particular extending perpendicular to the support plane (32), with a total of eight abutment regions preferably being provided whose abutment surfaces (72-86) in particular extend at an angle of 90° to the fixing lugs (44-50) respectively associated with them.
12. A slab formwork system in accordance with claim 11, characterized
    in that four abutment regions (80-86) are formed by a section (30) of the support head (28) substantially bent in U shape; and/or in that two respective abutment regions (72, 74; 76, 78) are formed by one respective abutment lug (68, 70) bent out of the support plane (32).
13. A slab formwork system in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support head (28) can be coupled to a preferably substantially square head plate (88) of a commercial vertical support (90), with the support head (28) being able to be pushed onto the head plate (88) in a direction extending parallel to the head plate (88) of the vertical support (90).
14. A slab formwork system in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support head (28), which is in particular produced from one single bent, cast and/or forged steel plate or plastic plate can be fixed to a vertical support (90) by means of a spring member held in the support head (28).
15. A slab formwork system in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vertical support (90) and the carrier (2, 100-106) of a formwork element (98) can be hooked to one another in such a position in which the formwork element (98) and the vertical support (90) include an angle smaller than 90° and preferably extend parallel to one another, with a pivoting of the formwork element (98) being made possible after the hooking together while maintaining the hook connection into such a position in which the formwork element (98) and the vertical supports (90) include an angle of approximately 90° and in which, optionally, the first and second hook elements (87, 6) are hooked to one another while forming a lift-off safeguard.

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