EP1980516A2 - Method and device for determining the position of webs of material - Google Patents
Method and device for determining the position of webs of material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1980516A2 EP1980516A2 EP08153141A EP08153141A EP1980516A2 EP 1980516 A2 EP1980516 A2 EP 1980516A2 EP 08153141 A EP08153141 A EP 08153141A EP 08153141 A EP08153141 A EP 08153141A EP 1980516 A2 EP1980516 A2 EP 1980516A2
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- webs
- strands
- measuring device
- measuring method
- measuring
- Prior art date
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 103
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 60
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004826 seaming Methods 0.000 claims 1
- WYWHKKSPHMUBEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-Mercaptoguanine Natural products N1C(N)=NC(=S)C2=C1N=CN2 WYWHKKSPHMUBEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229940095374 tabloid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003708 edge detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007645 offset printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001454 recorded image Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H23/00—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs
- B65H23/02—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs transversely
- B65H23/0204—Sensing transverse register of web
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2511/00—Dimensions; Position; Numbers; Identification; Occurrences
- B65H2511/10—Size; Dimensions
- B65H2511/12—Width
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2553/00—Sensing or detecting means
- B65H2553/40—Sensing or detecting means using optical, e.g. photographic, elements
- B65H2553/41—Photoelectric detectors
- B65H2553/414—Photoelectric detectors involving receptor receiving light reflected by a reflecting surface and emitted by a separate emitter
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2801/00—Application field
- B65H2801/03—Image reproduction devices
- B65H2801/21—Industrial-size printers, e.g. rotary printing press
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device and a method for determining the position of webs or strands in printing machines.
- the machine is preferably a web-fed rotary printing press, preferably for offset printing, in particular wet offset. It may be a commercial press, or more preferably a large-format newspaper press.
- lateral displacements of a material web can occur before, during and after the convergence of the strands into bundles of strands. Possible reasons for this are paper quality, speed changes, web tension and web stretching, register adjustments, mechanical alignment of the paper guide elements, paper paths, deflections, etc.
- the displacements occur mainly in areas where the strands or bundles are not clamped and guided.
- the individual strands are brought together on the hopper collecting and -einlaufwalze so that they come to lie one above the other.
- the longitudinal section of the material web can only take place on the hopper collecting and infeed roller. In many systems, the longitudinal section takes place before the turning module.
- the strand bundle is not performed.
- the bundles are weakly guided by the forming fold on the funnel.
- the web guide is rotated 90 degrees above the funnel without creating a longitudinal fold. Therefore, individual strands in the strand bundle can shift laterally, especially in the case of tabloid products. Shifts of the strands above the funnels in the bundles of strands are particularly troublesome in tabloid products with so-called false panorama. Strand displacements are possible in principle from the formation of the strands by the longitudinal section of the material web to the finished product.
- the measuring and detection techniques used in known systems can only detect the position of a material web.
- the detection methods are at most capable of detecting more than one material web in one plane.
- the multi-lane is achieved by the sensor is movably mounted and can be moved.
- not more than one track or strand can be detected and measured simultaneously with a prior art measuring device.
- the sensors and their traverse or positioning unit also need space. This space requirement is decisive for the installation location of the sensors.
- the measuring locations are chosen so that the sensors are arranged close to the positioning units and are placed where the accessibility to each material web is guaranteed. An early measurement and detection of the material web position can lead to material web displacements, which can occur later, no longer be detected and therefore can not be corrected automatically.
- a measuring device for detecting a material web is described.
- the sensor is movable parallel to the material web level and is provided after the turning module for each material web guide.
- the layers of the webs are measured individually in front of the hopper before the webs come to rest on each other.
- EP 0 850 763 B1 describes a system for detecting the position and quality of a printed image on a web, which by means of optical means color marks absorbs on the material web. For each side of a material web a sensor is needed.
- an optical or a capacitive measuring system can be used.
- the Messvonichtung can serve to detect web material layers and in particular lateral layers of webs.
- the material webs can be in surface contact with other webs at the measuring location.
- the material webs can also be guided very tightly over one another at the measurement location, so that they can partially touch one another. It is also conceivable that widely spaced webs of material can be detected simultaneously with the same measuring method. In another embodiment, however, the material webs to be detected can also run at least partially in the same planes.
- a single measuring unit can detect the position of at least two strands of material.
- a certain number of strands of material through several measuring units whose number is less than that of the material strands. It is thus possible, for example, for the positions of three material webs to be detected by two measuring units, likewise for detecting 4, 5, 6,..., Web material positives by 3, 4, 5,... N-1 measuring units or even conceivable by even fewer measuring units.
- a measuring unit may further comprise one or more sensors.
- the measuring device can use one-, two- and / or three-dimensional measuring techniques.
- Such measuring techniques are known and used in the geometry testing of objects.
- Known techniques for geometry testing are based on the basic principle of triangulation, such as the light-section method, areal structured illumination and photogrammetry. For example, point, line or area triangulation methods can be used.
- the measuring system can, for example, use the light-section method based on the triangulation principle.
- a fan-shaped laser beam (line projector) is projected onto the measurement object, whereby a sharp light-dark line is generated on the object surface, the course of which can be recorded by a camera and automatically evaluated with special algorithms.
- the triangulation which can be used, for example, in the present invention is an active method and uses a light source, usually a laser, which illuminates the material webs which are to be measured.
- An electronic image converter usually a CCD or CMOS camera or a PSD, registers the scattered light. With knowledge of the beam direction and the distance between camera and light source, the distance from the object to the camera can be determined.
- the connection camera light source and the two beams from and to the object form a triangle, hence the term triangulation.
- the surface relief can be determined with great accuracy, with commercially available sensors up to 0.01 mm.
- the distance information for all points of the pattern can be calculated with a single camera image. In a line, one also speaks of light section, striped patterns are used in the strip projection.
- the advantages resulting from the strand edge detection according to the invention also include the possibility that edges in a strand bundle, ie where several strands come to rest on one another, can be measured. Also, a later measurement than in known systems is possible and therefore a later and sustainable correction and influencing the lateral strand position possible. There are also fewer sensors or measuring systems as required in the prior art to perform the measurements. It is also possible to track relationships and dependencies with regard to web tension and the cutting position.
- laser, LED or LCD grid projectors can serve as light sources for a lighting unit of the measuring device.
- the light used can be projected onto the object to be measured in a punctiform and / or linear manner and / or in the form of a specific pattern.
- the light sources can be operated permanently or pulsating.
- the reflected light can be detected, for example, by CCD, CMOS, PMD sensors or photodiodes.
- One or more sensors and / or one or more light sources may be used per measurement and / or measuring device,
- two-dimensional measuring methods from image processing without triangulation methods such as, for example, image recording with subsequent edge extraction, are also conceivable as measuring methods in the present invention.
- a measuring device can detect a profile of a bundle edge and / or two profiles of a bundle side. In another embodiment, it is possible to detect with a measuring device front and back of a material bundle edge. In a further embodiment, all four strand bundle profiles can be detected with a measuring device. The detection of two strand bundle edges of adjacent bundles is also conceivable.
- the measuring unit can be permanently mounted on a machine element or movably positionable.
- the measuring unit can be used in conjunction with a kinematic motion detection system to locate the exact measuring device position.
- the flat bundles can be bent slightly, in particular to ensure the accurate detection of thin material web layers, of which under certain circumstances only fractions of a millimeter are visible at the bundle edge.
- the bending of the bundles ensures that the individual material web edges are better visible in the bundle.
- the bending of the bundles can for example be done mechanically by baffles or by an air flow.
- the bending of the bundle is conceivable at any point of the material web and can for example already take place above the funnel,
- a simultaneous and synchronized recording of multiple material bundle edges by the measuring device is possible, wherein a speed matched scanning of the material webs for the detection of dynamic processes is advantageous.
- marking in the vicinity of the bundle guide, it is possible to realize an absolute position detection of the individual strand edges in the bundle with respect to a fixed or moved machine element.
- the marking can be two or three-dimensional.
- the marker can also be attached near the strand or bundle center and / or edge.
- a marking is not necessarily required.
- measuring devices in which the detection unit is in a fixed geometric relationship to the illumination unit and also measuring devices in which the detection unit and / or illumination unit are positionable in position or changeable in their position or orientation.
- the paper web thickness can also be determined.
- the paper thickness and / or grammage can be used to improve the measurement, the measurement method can provide information about the position of the individual material webs to each other.
- the front-side spraying or printing the paper rolls with certain patterns is conceivable.
- the outer strand edges can be identified directly and unambiguously by the measuring device, whereby the marking can be invisible to the human eye, for example by using infrared markings, UV markings or the like.
- the markings or marks applied to at least one of the end faces of the paper roll can be detected and / or decoded by machine elements.
- the material webs and in particular the paper rolls can be of different widths due to manufacturing tolerances and can easily change their width during processing (fan in / out). Different strands in their width can lead to other narrower strands or strand edges always remaining covered and hidden for optical measurement.
- means may be provided to determine the width and position of the web before and after the longitudinal cut.
- the roll cell, roll changer, before and after the roll bonding, before or after the printing units, before or after the turning module and any arbitrary point in the course of the printing process or its preparation are conceivable and / or also to the material web on the cutting device and / or align the cutting device on the material web.
- the information obtained can also be used to align the strands with the funnel or to align the funnels with the strands.
- fixed or movable sensors can be provided which detect the paper web edge, the printed image, or certain printed marks.
- the sensors can be moved manually or automatically in at least one coordinate direction. Due to the at least two-fold position detection on the lateral edges of a material web, the width of the material web can be determined,
- the detected print image position can be used to influence the print position laterally as well as in the longitudinal direction of the cut.
- the obtained deviations or measured values via line layers can be used to influence or regulate the strand guide and thus the position of the material web.
- Suitable elements for this purpose are, for example, adjustable eccentric rollers, parallelograms, turner bars, paper roll edges or similar devices.
- the information can be made available to the printing units to set the appropriate print image position.
- the images and / or measured values acquired by the measuring device can be used to visualize the strands or bundles. Conversely, measured values from other detection and measuring devices can be used to influence the measurement or regulation of the material webs.
- Sensors are available, in particular CDD cameras from, for example, Sick, which can simultaneously detect a light section and an image of the object. In this special case, therefore, the edge measurement can take place simultaneously with the image acquisition.
- a visualization of the measured strand edge and bundle is real-time possible. With a normal CCD, this functionality can also be realized, although probably not timely, but sequentially,
- the measuring device additionally determines the lateral position of the printed image per strand.
- images of converging paper webs are recorded with the same measuring device.
- the measuring device is aligned so that the strand edges are measured reliably and the edge of the type area of each strand is visible on a recorded image.
- image data based without marks and branded with or without image data provide absolute reference locations and can be evaluated directly, In the case of a brand-less measurement without image data can eg by Plausibiltuschs phenomenon, Fuzyfiztechnik the decision, multiple detection, etc. and by adaptive and / or knowledge-based systems of the printed image. In this way, it is possible to dispense with upstream systems.
- the two thin vertical lines show the set position X0 (A) of the strands on the one hand and the visual separation (D) of the left edge and right edge of a strand bundle side for the two-sided evaluation of the measurement.
- the result of the measurement (C) is shown schematically as a measuring profile.
- the numbers in the measurement profile correspond to the numbers of the strand edges in the image.
- the measurement profiles on both sides of the figures can be assembled into a profile as would be provided by a single measuring device for one bundle side and two bundle edges.
- a strand (edge 4) is not initially detected by the selected viewing direction on one side.
- the problem can be remedied by further measuring devices on the opposite bundle side and / or by successive and / or recursive correction of the strand layers of the visible strands.
- FIG. 4 is shown schematically the areal registration of the strand edges.
- the angle or slope of the strands (S) relative to other strands (S) or absolutely relative to any coordinate system can be determined.
- FIG. 6 various possible positions 5 for the measuring device are shown. These can be arranged both in the area of a collecting roller 3 or an inlet roller 4, or only after a broadsheet 1 or one or more tabloid products 2 have been brought together or brought together.
Landscapes
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Controlling Rewinding, Feeding, Winding, Or Abnormalities Of Webs (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Lage von Materialbahnen bzw. -strängen bei Druckmaschinen. Die Maschine ist vorzugsweise eine Rollenrotationsdruckmaschine, bevorzugt für den Offsetdruck, insbesondere Nassoffset. Es kann sich um eine Akzidenzdruckmaschine, oder bevorzugter um eine Zeitungsdruckmaschine für große Auflagen handeln.The invention relates to a device and a method for determining the position of webs or strands in printing machines. The machine is preferably a web-fed rotary printing press, preferably for offset printing, in particular wet offset. It may be a commercial press, or more preferably a large-format newspaper press.
In einer Druckmaschine können seitliche Verschiebungen einer Materialbahn vor, während und nach dem Zusammenlauf der Stränge zu Strangbündeln vorkommen. Mögliche Gründe dafür sind die Papierqualität, Geschwindigkeitsänderungen, Bahnzug und Bahndehnungen, Registerverstellungen, mechanische Ausrichtung der Papierleitelemente, Papierwege, Umlenkungen usw. Die Verschiebungen kommen vor allem in Bereichen vor, bei denen die Stränge oder Strangbündel nicht geklemmt und geführt werden.In a printing machine, lateral displacements of a material web can occur before, during and after the convergence of the strands into bundles of strands. Possible reasons for this are paper quality, speed changes, web tension and web stretching, register adjustments, mechanical alignment of the paper guide elements, paper paths, deflections, etc. The displacements occur mainly in areas where the strands or bundles are not clamped and guided.
Nach dem Fächer werden die einzelnen Stränge auf der Trichtersammel- und -einlaufwalze so zusammengeführt, dass sie übereinander zu liegen kommen. In manchen Anlagen kann der Längsschnitt der Materialbahn erst auf der Trichtersammel- und -einlaufwalze erfolgen- In vielen Anlagen erfolgt der Längsschnitt vor dem Wendemodul.After the fan, the individual strands are brought together on the hopper collecting and -einlaufwalze so that they come to lie one above the other. In some systems, the longitudinal section of the material web can only take place on the hopper collecting and infeed roller. In many systems, the longitudinal section takes place before the turning module.
Über dem Trichter bis zur nächsten Lenkwalze und/oder Zugwalze ist das Strangbündel nicht geführt. Bei Broadsheetprodukten sind die Bündel durch den sich bildenden Falz auf dem Trichter schwach geführt. Bei Tabloidprodukten wird die Bahnführung über dem Trichter um 90 Grad gedreht, ohne dass ein Längsfalz entsteht. Insbesondere bei Tabloidprodukten können sich daher einzelne Stränge im Strangbündel seitlich verschieben. Verschiebungen der Stränge über den Trichtern in den Strangbündeln sind bei Tabloidprodukten mit so genanntem falschen Panorama besonders störend. Strangverschiebungen sind von der Entstehung der Stränge durch den Längsschnitt der Materialbahn bis zum fertigen Produkt prinzipiell möglich.Above the funnel to the next steering roller and / or tension roller, the strand bundle is not performed. For broadsheet products, the bundles are weakly guided by the forming fold on the funnel. For tabloid products, the web guide is rotated 90 degrees above the funnel without creating a longitudinal fold. Therefore, individual strands in the strand bundle can shift laterally, especially in the case of tabloid products. Shifts of the strands above the funnels in the bundles of strands are particularly troublesome in tabloid products with so-called false panorama. Strand displacements are possible in principle from the formation of the strands by the longitudinal section of the material web to the finished product.
Im Stand der Technik sind Systeme zur Bestimmung der seitlichen Lage und Lage des Druckbildes zum Querschnitt und Längsschnitt einer Materialbahn schon lange bekannt. Solche Systeme benötigen spezielle Marken oder verwenden das gedruckte Bild, um die seitliche Position des gedruckten Bildes auf der Materialbahn und die Position des gedruckten Bildes zum Produktschnitt im Falzturm zu bestimmen. Für die Bestimmung der seitlichen Lage einer Materialbahn werden auch Sensoren eingesetzt, die dazu geeignet sind, die Materialbahnkanten zu erfassen.In the prior art systems for determining the lateral position and position of the printed image to the cross section and longitudinal section of a web have long been known. Such systems require special marks or use the printed image to determine the lateral position of the printed image on the web and the position of the printed image for product cutting in the folder. For the determination of the lateral position of a material web and sensors are used, which are adapted to detect the web edges.
Die bei bekannten Systemen verwendeten Mess- und Erfassungstechniken können jedoch nur die Lage einer Materialbahn erfassen. Die Erfassungsverfahren sind höchstens in der Lage, in einer Ebene mehr als eine Materialbahn zu erfassen. Die Mehrbahnigkeit wird dadurch erreicht, dass der Sensor beweglich angebracht wird und verschoben werden kann. Es können aber mit einer Messvorrichtung aus dem Stand der Technik nicht mehr als eine Bahn oder Strang gleichzeitig erfasst und vermessen werden.However, the measuring and detection techniques used in known systems can only detect the position of a material web. The detection methods are at most capable of detecting more than one material web in one plane. The multi-lane is achieved by the sensor is movably mounted and can be moved. However, not more than one track or strand can be detected and measured simultaneously with a prior art measuring device.
Die Sensoren und ihre Traverse bzw. Positioniereinheit brauchen des Weiteren Platz. Dieser Platzbedarf ist dabei maßgebend für den Einbauort der Sensoren.The sensors and their traverse or positioning unit also need space. This space requirement is decisive for the installation location of the sensors.
Die Messorte werden so gewählt, dass die Sensoren nahe den Positioniereinheiten angeordnet sind und werden dort platziert, wo die Zugänglichkeit zu jeder Materialbahn gewährleistet ist. Eine frühe Messung und Erfassung der Materialbahnlage kann dazu führen, dass Materialbahnverschiebungen, die später auftreten können, nicht mehr erfasst und folglich nicht mehr automatisch korrigiert werden können.The measuring locations are chosen so that the sensors are arranged close to the positioning units and are placed where the accessibility to each material web is guaranteed. An early measurement and detection of the material web position can lead to material web displacements, which can occur later, no longer be detected and therefore can not be corrected automatically.
In der
In der
Es ist eine Aufgabe der Erfindung,
- eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren bereitzustellen, um die Lage von einzelnen aufeinander oder übereinander liegenden Materialbahnen zu erfassen,
- eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Korrektur von erfassten Verschiebungen bereitzustellen.
- to provide a device and a method for detecting the position of individual superimposed or superimposed webs of material,
- to provide an apparatus and method for correcting detected shifts.
Mindestens eine dieser Aufgaben wird durch ein Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1 bzw, eine Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 29 gelöst. Die untergeordneten Ansprüche definieren dabei bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung.At least one of these objects is achieved by a method according to
Zur Erfassung von aufeinander liegenden Materialbahnen gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung kann ein optisches oder ein kapazitives Messsystem eingesetzt werden.For detecting superimposed webs according to the present invention, an optical or a capacitive measuring system can be used.
Die Messvonichtung kann dabei zur Erfassung von Materialbahnlagen und insbesondere seitlichen Lagen von Materialbahnen dienen. Die Materialbahnen können am Messort in flächenmässigem Kontakt zu anderen Bahnen stehen. Die Materialbahnen können am Messort auch sehr dicht übereinander geführt sein, so dass sie sich zum Teil berühren können. Denkbar ist auch, dass mit dem gleichen Messverfahren weit auseinanderliegende Materialbahnen gleichzeitig erfasst werden können. In einer anderen Ausführungsform können die zu erfassenden Materialbahnen jedoch auch zumindest teilweise in gleichen Ebenen verlaufen.The Messvonichtung can serve to detect web material layers and in particular lateral layers of webs. The material webs can be in surface contact with other webs at the measuring location. The material webs can also be guided very tightly over one another at the measurement location, so that they can partially touch one another. It is also conceivable that widely spaced webs of material can be detected simultaneously with the same measuring method. In another embodiment, however, the material webs to be detected can also run at least partially in the same planes.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Messvorrichtung kann dabei eine einzige Messeinheit die Position von mindestens zwei Materialsträngen erfassen. Denkbar ist jedoch auch, dass eine bestimmte Anzahl von Materialsträngen durch mehrere Messeinheiten, deren Anzahl geringer ist als die der Materialstränge. So ist es möglich, dass beispielsweise die Positionen von 3 Materialbahnen durch zwei Messeinheiten erfasst werden, ebenso ist das Erfassen von 4, 5, 6,...n Materialbahnpositianen durch 3, 4, 5,... n-1 Messeinheiten oder gar durch noch weniger Messeinheiten denkbar. Eine Messeinheit kann ferner einen oder mehrere Sensoren umfassen.In the case of the measuring device according to the invention, a single measuring unit can detect the position of at least two strands of material. However, it is also conceivable that a certain number of strands of material through several measuring units whose number is less than that of the material strands. It is thus possible, for example, for the positions of three material webs to be detected by two measuring units, likewise for detecting 4, 5, 6,..., Web material positives by 3, 4, 5,... N-1 measuring units or even conceivable by even fewer measuring units. A measuring unit may further comprise one or more sensors.
Die erfindungsgemässe Messvorrichtung kann sich ein-, zwei- und/oder dreidimensionaler Messtechniken bedienen, Solche Messtechniken sind bekannt und werden in der Geometrie-Prüfung von Objekten eingesetzt. Bekannte Techniken zur Geometrieprüfung beruhen auf dem Grundprinzip der Triangulation, wie beispielsweise das Lichtschnittverfahren, die flächenhafte strukturierte Beleuchtung und die Photogrammetrie. Verwendet werden können dabei beispielsweise punkt-, linien- oder flächenhaft messende Triangulationsverfahren.The measuring device according to the invention can use one-, two- and / or three-dimensional measuring techniques. Such measuring techniques are known and used in the geometry testing of objects. Known techniques for geometry testing are based on the basic principle of triangulation, such as the light-section method, areal structured illumination and photogrammetry. For example, point, line or area triangulation methods can be used.
Das Messsystem kann beispielsweise das Lichtschnittverfahren auf Basis des Triangulationsprinzips nutzen. Dabei wird ein gefächerter Laserstrahl (Linienprojektor) auf das Messobjekt projiziert, wodurch auf der Objektoberfläche eine scharfe Hell-Dunkel-Linie erzeugt wird, deren Verlauf wiederum von einer Kamera aufgenommen und mit speziellen Algorithmen automatisch ausgewertet werden kann.The measuring system can, for example, use the light-section method based on the triangulation principle. Here, a fan-shaped laser beam (line projector) is projected onto the measurement object, whereby a sharp light-dark line is generated on the object surface, the course of which can be recorded by a camera and automatically evaluated with special algorithms.
Die beispielsweise bei der vorliegenden Erfindung einsetzbare Triangulation ist ein aktives Verfahren und nutzt eine Lichtquelle, zumeist einen Laser, der die Materialbahnen beleuchtet, welche vermessen werden sollen. Ein elektronischer Bildwandler, zumeist eine CCD- oder CMOS-Kamera oder ein PSD, registriert das Streulicht. Bei Kenntnis der Strahlrichtung und des Abstandes zwischen Kamera und Lichtquelle kann damit der Abstand vom Objekt zur Kamera bestimmt werden. Die Verbindung Kamera-Lichtquelle sowie die beiden Strahlen von und zum Objekt bilden hierbei ein Dreieck, daher die Bezeichnung Triangulation. Wird das Verfahren rasterartig oder kontinuierlich bewegt durchgerührt, kann das Oberflächenrelief mit großer Genauigkeit, bei handelsüblichen Sensoren bis zu 0,01 mm, bestimmt werden. Projiziert man ein Muster, zum Beispiel eine Linie oder ein Streifenmuster, kann die Distanzinformation zu allen Punkten des Musters mit einem einzigen Kamerabild berechnet werden. Bei einer Linie spricht man auch von Lichtschnitt, Streifenmuster kommen in der Streifenprojektion zum Einsatz.The triangulation which can be used, for example, in the present invention is an active method and uses a light source, usually a laser, which illuminates the material webs which are to be measured. An electronic image converter, usually a CCD or CMOS camera or a PSD, registers the scattered light. With knowledge of the beam direction and the distance between camera and light source, the distance from the object to the camera can be determined. The connection camera light source and the two beams from and to the object form a triangle, hence the term triangulation. If the process is carried out in a grid-like or continuously moving manner, the surface relief can be determined with great accuracy, with commercially available sensors up to 0.01 mm. When projecting a pattern, for example a line or a striped pattern, the distance information for all points of the pattern can be calculated with a single camera image. In a line, one also speaks of light section, striped patterns are used in the strip projection.
Die sich aus der erfindungsgemäßen Strangkantenerfassung ergebenden Vorteile umfassen auch die Möglichkeit, dass Kanten in einem Strangbündel, also wo mehrere Stränge aufeinander zum Liegen kommen, vermessen werden können. Auch ist dabei eine spätere Messung als bei bekannten Systemen möglich und deshalb eine spätere und nachhaltige Korrektur und Beeinflussung der seitlichen Stranglage möglich. Auch sind weniger Sensoren bzw. Messsysteme als im bekannten Stand der Technik nötig, um die Messungen durchzuführen. Auch können Zusammenhänge und Abhängigkeiten in Bezug auf Bahnspannungen und auf die Schnittlage verfolgt werden.The advantages resulting from the strand edge detection according to the invention also include the possibility that edges in a strand bundle, ie where several strands come to rest on one another, can be measured. Also, a later measurement than in known systems is possible and therefore a later and sustainable correction and influencing the lateral strand position possible. There are also fewer sensors or measuring systems as required in the prior art to perform the measurements. It is also possible to track relationships and dependencies with regard to web tension and the cutting position.
Als Lichtquellen für eine Beleuchtungseinheit der Messvorrichtung können beispielsweise Laser-, LED- oder LCD-Gitter-Projektoren dienen. Das verwendete Licht kann punktförmig und/oder linienförmig und/oder in Form eines bestimmten Musters auf das zu messende Objekt projiziert werden. Die Lichtquellen können dauerhaft oder pulsierend betrieben werden. Das reflektierte Licht kann beispielsweise durch CCD-, CMOS-, PMD-Sensoren oder Photodioden erfasst werden. Es können pro Messung und/oder Messvorrichtung ein oder mehrere Sensoren und/oder eine oder mehrere Lichtquellen zum Einsatz kommen,For example, laser, LED or LCD grid projectors can serve as light sources for a lighting unit of the measuring device. The light used can be projected onto the object to be measured in a punctiform and / or linear manner and / or in the form of a specific pattern. The light sources can be operated permanently or pulsating. The reflected light can be detected, for example, by CCD, CMOS, PMD sensors or photodiodes. One or more sensors and / or one or more light sources may be used per measurement and / or measuring device,
Zweidimensionale Messverfahren aus der Bildverarbeitung ohne Triangulationsverfahren, wie beispielsweise die Bildaufnahme mit nachträglicher Kantenextraktion sind bei der vorliegenden Erfindung als Messverfahren jedoch auch denkbar.However, two-dimensional measuring methods from image processing without triangulation methods, such as, for example, image recording with subsequent edge extraction, are also conceivable as measuring methods in the present invention.
Bei einem optischen Messverfahren kann es vorkommen, dass einzelne Materialbahnkanten durch andere darüber liegende Materialbahnen abgedeckt werden. Für die vorliegende Aufgabenstellung können deshalb eine oder eine Mehrzahl von Messvonichtungen und/oder Messungen vorgesehen werden. Eine Messvorrichtung kann ein Profil einer Bündelkante und/oder zwei Profile einer Bündelseite erfassen. In einer anderen Ausführungsform ist es möglich, mit einer Messvorrichtung Vor- und Rückseite einer Materialbündelkante zu erfassen. In einer weiteren Ausführungsform lassen sich alle vier Strangbündelprofile mit einer Messvorrichtung erfassen. Die Erfassung von zwei Strangbündelkanten benachbarter Bündel ist weiterhin auch denkbar.In an optical measuring method, it may happen that individual material web edges are covered by other overlying material webs. Therefore, one or a plurality of measuring devices and / or measurements may be provided for the present task. A measuring device can detect a profile of a bundle edge and / or two profiles of a bundle side. In another embodiment, it is possible to detect with a measuring device front and back of a material bundle edge. In a further embodiment, all four strand bundle profiles can be detected with a measuring device. The detection of two strand bundle edges of adjacent bundles is also conceivable.
Die Messeinheit kann dabei fest an einem Maschinenelement montiert oder beweglich positionierbar sein. Die Messeinheit kann in Zusammenhang mit einem kinematischen Bewegungserfassungssystem zur Ortung der genauen Messvorrichtungsposition verwendet werden.The measuring unit can be permanently mounted on a machine element or movably positionable. The measuring unit can be used in conjunction with a kinematic motion detection system to locate the exact measuring device position.
Um die Erfassung der Kanten zu vereinfachen, können die ebenen Bündel schwach gebogen werden insbesondere, um die genaue Erfassung von dünnen Materialbahnlagen, von denen unter Umständen nur Bruchteile eines Millimeters an der Bündelkante sichtbar sind, zu ermöglichen. Durch die Biegung der Bündel wird erreicht, dass die einzelnen Materialbahnkanten im Bündel besser sichtbar werden. Die Biegung der Bündel kann beispielsweise mechanisch durch Umlenkbleche oder durch einen Luftstrom erfolgen. Die Biegung des Bündels ist an jeder Stelle der Materialbahn denkbar und kann beispielsweise bereits über dem Trichter erfolgen,In order to simplify the detection of the edges, the flat bundles can be bent slightly, in particular to ensure the accurate detection of thin material web layers, of which under certain circumstances only fractions of a millimeter are visible at the bundle edge. The bending of the bundles ensures that the individual material web edges are better visible in the bundle. The bending of the bundles can for example be done mechanically by baffles or by an air flow. The bending of the bundle is conceivable at any point of the material web and can for example already take place above the funnel,
Eine gleichzeitige und synchronisierte Aufnahme von mehreren Materialbündelkanten durch die Messvorrichtung ist möglich, wobei eine der Geschwindigkeit angepasste Abtastung der Materialbahnen für die Erfassung von dynamischen Vorgängen von Vorteil ist.A simultaneous and synchronized recording of multiple material bundle edges by the measuring device is possible, wherein a speed matched scanning of the material webs for the detection of dynamic processes is advantageous.
Durch geeignete Markierung in der Nähe der Bündelführung lässt sich eine in Bezug auf ein fixes oder bewegtes Maschinenelement absolute Positionserfassung der einzelnen Strangkanten im Bündel realisieren. Die Markierung kann dabei zwei oder dreidimensional sein. Die Markierung kann dabei ferner nahe der Strang- bzw. Bündelmitte und/oder -kante angebracht sein. Da durch das Messverfahren die absolute Position der Strangkanten im Bündel in Bezug auf das Koordinatensystem der Erfassungseinheit bestimmt wird, wird jedoch nicht zwingend eine Markierung benötigt.By suitable marking in the vicinity of the bundle guide, it is possible to realize an absolute position detection of the individual strand edges in the bundle with respect to a fixed or moved machine element. The marking can be two or three-dimensional. The marker can also be attached near the strand or bundle center and / or edge. However, since the absolute position of the strand edges in the bundle with respect to the coordinate system of the detection unit is determined by the measuring method, a marking is not necessarily required.
Denkbar sind ferner Messvorrichtungen, bei denen die Erfassungseinheit in einem festen geometrischen Bezug zur Beleuchtungseinheit steht und auch Messvorrichtungen, bei denen die Erfassungseinheit und/oder Beleuchtungseinheit in ihrer Lage positionierbar oder in ihrer Lage oder Ausrichtung veränderbar ausgeführt sind. Durch eine optische Überwachung der Strangkanten kann ferner auch eine Aussage in Bezug auf den Zustand der Papierschneidmesser für den Längsschnitt gemacht werden.Also conceivable are measuring devices in which the detection unit is in a fixed geometric relationship to the illumination unit and also measuring devices in which the detection unit and / or illumination unit are positionable in position or changeable in their position or orientation. By an optical monitoring of the strand edges, it is also possible to make a statement with regard to the condition of the paper cutting knives for the longitudinal cut.
Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Messverfahren kann auch die Papierbahnstärke bestimmt werden. Umgekehrt kann aus den Planungs- und Produktionsdaten die Papierstärke und/oder Grammatur dazu verwendet werden, die Messung zu verbessern, Das Messverfahren kann dabei Informationen über die Lage der einzelnen Materialbahnen zueinander liefern.With the measuring method according to the invention, the paper web thickness can also be determined. Conversely, from the planning and production data, the paper thickness and / or grammage can be used to improve the measurement, the measurement method can provide information about the position of the individual material webs to each other.
Um die Papierkanten besser unterscheiden zu können, ist das stirnseitige Besprühen oder Bedrucken der Papier-Rollen mit bestimmten Mustern denkbar. Dadurch lassen sich beispielsweise die äußeren Strangkanten durch die Messvorrichtung direkt und eindeutig identifizieren, wobei die Markierung für das menschliche Auge unsichtbar ausgeführt sein kann, beispielsweise durch Verwendung von Infrarotmarkierungen, UV-Markierungen oder ähnlichen. Die auf zumindest eine der Stirnseite der Papierrolle aufgebrachten Markierungen oder Marken können durch Maschinenelemente erfasst und/oder dekodiert werden.In order to distinguish the paper edges better, the front-side spraying or printing the paper rolls with certain patterns is conceivable. As a result, for example, the outer strand edges can be identified directly and unambiguously by the measuring device, whereby the marking can be invisible to the human eye, for example by using infrared markings, UV markings or the like. The markings or marks applied to at least one of the end faces of the paper roll can be detected and / or decoded by machine elements.
Die Materialbahnen und insbesondere die Papierrollen können aufgrund von Herstelltoleranzen unterschiedlich breit sein und können im Verlauf der Verarbeitung ihre Breite leicht verändern (Fan in/out). In ihrer Breite unterschiedliche Stränge können dazu führen, dass andere schmalere Stränge bzw. Strangkanten immer abgedeckt bleiben und für die optische Messung verborgen bleiben.The material webs and in particular the paper rolls can be of different widths due to manufacturing tolerances and can easily change their width during processing (fan in / out). Different strands in their width can lead to other narrower strands or strand edges always remaining covered and hidden for optical measurement.
Um solche Probleme zu vermeiden, können Mittel vorgesehen werden, um die Breite und Lage der Materialbahn vor und nach dem Längsschnitt, zu bestimmen. Beispielhaft sind als mögliche Messorte der Rollenkeller, Rollenwechsler, vor und nach der Rollenklebung, vor oder nach den Druckeinheiten, vor oder nach dem Wendemodul und jede beliebige Stelle im Verlauf des Druckprozesses oder seiner Vorbereitung denkbar und/oder auch dazu, die Materialbahn auf die Schneidvorrichtung und/oder die Schneidvorrichtung auf die Materialbahn auszurichten. Die gewonnen Informationen können auch dazu verwendet werden, die Stränge zum Trichter auszurichten oder die Trichter auf die Stränge auszurichten.In order to avoid such problems, means may be provided to determine the width and position of the web before and after the longitudinal cut. By way of example, as possible measuring locations, the roll cell, roll changer, before and after the roll bonding, before or after the printing units, before or after the turning module and any arbitrary point in the course of the printing process or its preparation are conceivable and / or also to the material web on the cutting device and / or align the cutting device on the material web. The information obtained can also be used to align the strands with the funnel or to align the funnels with the strands.
Zur genauen Bestimmung der Lage und der Breite einer Materialbahn können fest angebrachte oder bewegliche Sensoren vorgesehen werden, welche die Papierbahnkante, das bedruckte Bild oder bestimmte gedruckte Marken erfassen. Die Sensoren können in mindestens einer Koordinatenrichtung manuell oder automatisiert verschoben werden. Durch die mindestens zweifache Positionserfassung an den seitlichen Kanten einer Materialbahn kann die Breite der Materialbahn bestimmt werden,To accurately determine the location and width of a web of material, fixed or movable sensors can be provided which detect the paper web edge, the printed image, or certain printed marks. The sensors can be moved manually or automatically in at least one coordinate direction. Due to the at least two-fold position detection on the lateral edges of a material web, the width of the material web can be determined,
Die erfasste Druckbildposition kann dazu verwendet werden, die Druckposition seitlich so wie in Längsrichtung zum Schnitt zu beeinflussen.The detected print image position can be used to influence the print position laterally as well as in the longitudinal direction of the cut.
In einer Ausführungsform können die gewonnen Abweichungen bzw. Messwerte über Stranglagen dazu verwendet werden, die Strangführung und somit die Position der Materialbahn zu beeinflussen bzw, zu regeln. Geeignete Elemente hierfür sind beispielsweise verstellbare Excenterwalzen, Parallelogramme, Wendestangen, Papierrollenkanten oder ähnliche Vorrichtungen.In one embodiment, the obtained deviations or measured values via line layers can be used to influence or regulate the strand guide and thus the position of the material web. Suitable elements for this purpose are, for example, adjustable eccentric rollers, parallelograms, turner bars, paper roll edges or similar devices.
Materialbahnen, die zu schwach gespannt sind, tendieren zu unruhigem Lauf. Zu stark gespannte Materialbahnen tendieren zur Verschnälerung und weisen ein unterschiedliches Verhalten auf. Falsch gespannte Stränge können den Verlauf von darunter und darüberliegenden Strängen im Bündel negativ beeinflussen, Es kann deshalb vorgesehen sein, die Messresultate einem Bahnspannungsregler zur Verfügung zu stellen. Da die Bahnspannung den Querschnitt im Falzapparat zu beeinflussen vermag, können die Messresultate einem Schnittlageregler zugeführt werden.Webs that are stretched too weak tend to run restlessly. Overstretched webs tend to shrink and have a different behavior. Incorrectly tensioned strands can adversely affect the course of underneath and overlying strands in the bundle. It can therefore be provided to make the measurement results available to a web tension controller. Since the web tension can influence the cross-section in the folder, the measurement results can be fed to a cutting position controller.
Wird die Druckbildposition der Stränge erfasst, kann die Information den Druckwerken zur Verfügung gestellt werden, um die geeignete Druckbildposition zu stellen. Die von der Messvorrichtung erfassten Bilder und/oder Messwerte können dazu verwendet werden, die Stränge oder Bündel zu visualisieren. Umgekehrt können Messwerte von anderen Erfassungs- und Messeinrichtungen dazu verwendet werden, die Messung bzw. die Regelungen der Materialbahnen zu beeinflussen.If the print image position of the strands is detected, the information can be made available to the printing units to set the appropriate print image position. The images and / or measured values acquired by the measuring device can be used to visualize the strands or bundles. Conversely, measured values from other detection and measuring devices can be used to influence the measurement or regulation of the material webs.
Erhältlich sind Sensoren, insbesondere CDD Kameras von beispielsweise Sick, die gleichzeitig einen Lichtschnitt und ein Bild des Objektes erfassen können. In diesem Speziellen Fall kann also die Kanten-Messung gleichzeitig mit der Bilderfassung erfolgen. Ein Visualisierung der gemessenen Strangkante und Bündel ist zeitecht ("real time") möglich. Mit einer normalen CCD lässt sich diese Funktionalität auch realisieren, wenn auch vermutlich nicht zeitecht sondern sequentiell,Sensors are available, in particular CDD cameras from, for example, Sick, which can simultaneously detect a light section and an image of the object. In this special case, therefore, the edge measurement can take place simultaneously with the image acquisition. A visualization of the measured strand edge and bundle is real-time possible. With a normal CCD, this functionality can also be realized, although probably not timely, but sequentially,
Für den falschen Panorama maßgebend ist die Lage der Papierbahn und die Lage des Druckbildes auf dem Papier. Die Berücksichtigung der Lage des Druckbildes wurde bereits erwähnt und berücksichtigt. Vorzugsweise ermittelt die Messvorrichtung zusätzlich auch die seitliche Lage des Druckbildes je Strang.Decisive for the wrong panorama is the position of the paper web and the position of the printed image on the paper. The consideration of the position of the printed image has already been mentioned and taken into account. Preferably, the measuring device additionally determines the lateral position of the printed image per strand.
Dazu werden mit der gleichen Messvorrichtung Bilder von zusammenlaufenden Papierbahnen vorzugsweise zwischen Fächer und Trichtersammel und -einlaufwalze aufgenommen. Die Messvorrichtung ist dabei so ausgerichtet, dass die Strangkanten sicher ausgemessen werden und der Rand des Satzspiegels jedes Stranges auf einem aufgenommenen Bild sichtbar wird.For this purpose, images of converging paper webs, preferably between trays and funnel collection and infeed roller, are recorded with the same measuring device. The measuring device is aligned so that the strand edges are measured reliably and the edge of the type area of each strand is visible on a recorded image.
Die Auswertung der Bildlage auf der Papierbahn erfolgt bilddatenbasiert oder ohne Bilddaten mittels bedruckten Marken oder markenlos. Bilddatenbasiert ohne Marken und markenbehaftet mit oder ohne Bilddaten liefern absolute Referenz-Lagen und lassen sich direkt auswerten, Im Falle einer Markenlosen Messung ohne Bilddaten kann durch z.B. Plausibiltätsprüfung, Fuzyfizierung des Entscheides, Mehrfacherfassung, usw. und durch adaptive und/oder wissensbasierte Systeme die Lage des Druckbildes bestimmt werden.
Auf diese Weise kann auf vorgelagerte Systeme verzichtet werden.The evaluation of the image position on the paper web takes place image-based or without image data by means of printed stamps or brandless. Image data based without marks and branded with or without image data provide absolute reference locations and can be evaluated directly, In the case of a brand-less measurement without image data can eg by Plausibiltätsprüfung, Fuzyfizierung the decision, multiple detection, etc. and by adaptive and / or knowledge-based systems of the printed image.
In this way, it is possible to dispense with upstream systems.
Die vorliegende Erfindung wird anhand der nachfolgenden Figuren näher erläutert. Sie kann dabei beschriebene Merkmale einzeln sowie in jedweder sinnvollen Kombination umfassen. Dabei zeigen:
Figur 1- ein Bündel zu vier Strängen in einer ersten Anordnung und schematisch die daraus resultierenden Messergebnisse,
Figur 2- ein Bündel zu vier Strängen in einer zweiten Anordnung und schematisch die daraus resultierenden Messergebnisse,
Figur 3- ein Bündel zu vier Strängen in einer dritten Anordnung und schematisch die daraus resultierenden Messergebnisse,
Figur 4- ein Bündel zu vier Strängen in einer vierten Anordnung und schematisch die daraus resultierenden Messergebnisse, wobei die Strangkanten flächenmäßig vermessen werden,
Figur 5- schematisch den von einer Messvorrichtung ausgehenden Datenstrom, schematisch neben der Messvorrichtung weitere gemessene Größen und die dadurch beeinflussten Größen, und die beeinflussbaren Einrichtungen bzw. Größen,
- Figur 6
- durch Pfeile angegebene beispielhafte Messorte bei der vorliegenden Erfindung.
- FIG. 1
- a bundle of four strands in a first arrangement and schematically the resulting measurement results,
- FIG. 2
- a bundle of four strands in a second arrangement and schematically the resulting measurement results,
- FIG. 3
- a bundle of four strands in a third arrangement and schematically the resulting measurement results,
- FIG. 4
- a bundle of four strands in a fourth arrangement and schematically the resulting measurement results, wherein the strand edges are measured in terms of area,
- FIG. 5
- 2 shows schematically the data flow originating from a measuring device, schematically further measured variables and the variables influenced thereby in addition to the measuring device, and the influenceable devices or variables,
- FIG. 6
- exemplary measurement locations indicated by arrows in the present invention.
X0 stellt in den
Die zwei dünnen vertikalen Linien zeigen die Sollposition X0 (A) der Stränge einerseits und die Sichttrennung (D) von linker Kante und rechter Kante einer Strangbündelseite für die zweiseitige Auswertung der Messung. Zu beiden Seiten des Bündels ist schematisch das Resultat der Messung (C) als Messprofil dargestellt. Die Nummern im Messprofil entsprechen dabei den Nummern der Strangkanten im Bild. Die Messprofile zu beiden Seiten der Figuren lassen sich zu einem Profil zusammensetzen, wie es eine einzige Messvorrichtung für eine Bündelseite und zwei Bündelkanten liefern würde.The two thin vertical lines show the set position X0 (A) of the strands on the one hand and the visual separation (D) of the left edge and right edge of a strand bundle side for the two-sided evaluation of the measurement. On both sides of the bundle, the result of the measurement (C) is shown schematically as a measuring profile. The numbers in the measurement profile correspond to the numbers of the strand edges in the image. The measurement profiles on both sides of the figures can be assembled into a profile as would be provided by a single measuring device for one bundle side and two bundle edges.
In
Beispielhaft soll ein Verfahren zur Fehlerkorrektur der Situation in
- 1.
Verschieben von Kante 1 auf Position X0 - 2.
Verschieben von Kante 2 auf Position X0 - 3.
Verschieben von Kante 3 auf Position X0 - 4. Verschieben des zuvor verdeckten Stranges so, dass
Kante 4 auf Position X0 zu liegen kommt.
- 1. Move from
edge 1 to position X0 - 2. Move from
edge 2 to position X0 - 3. Move from
edge 3 to position X0 - 4. Move the previously hidden strand so that
edge 4 comes to rest on position X0.
In
In der
Claims (50)
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DE102007017885 | 2007-04-13 | ||
DE102007055087A DE102007055087A1 (en) | 2007-04-13 | 2007-11-16 | Web length measurement, of webs fed to a printing press on different planes, has a single meter for two adjacent webs |
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EP1980516A3 EP1980516A3 (en) | 2009-09-16 |
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CN111398288A (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2020-07-10 | 包头联方高新技术有限责任公司 | System, method and device for full-width circumferential detection of surface of continuous casting billet in online hot state |
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DK3184447T3 (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2019-04-15 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance | PRINTING FOR MORE COATS FOR PRINTING PACKAGING, PACKAGING MACHINE FOR MULTI COATS AND PROCEDURE FOR PRINTING PACKAGING |
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EP1521715B1 (en) | 2002-07-11 | 2006-02-08 | Koenig & Bauer Aktiengesellschaft | Device for measuring a location of webs |
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DE3419524A1 (en) * | 1984-05-25 | 1985-11-28 | Werner H.K. Peters Maschinenfabrik Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg | DEVICE FOR DETECTING AND / OR CONTROLLING THE EDGE POSITION OF PAPER FILMS IN CORRUGATED CARDBOARD MACHINES OR THE LIKE |
DE19802913A1 (en) * | 1998-01-27 | 1999-07-29 | Bhs Corr Masch & Anlagenbau | Monitor to detect position of edges of moving web |
DE19842585A1 (en) * | 1998-09-17 | 2000-03-23 | Armin Steuer | Storage device and its use |
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EP0850763A1 (en) | 1996-12-02 | 1998-07-01 | Q.I. Press Controls v.o.f. | Method and device for monitoring printing |
EP1521715B1 (en) | 2002-07-11 | 2006-02-08 | Koenig & Bauer Aktiengesellschaft | Device for measuring a location of webs |
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FR2945619A1 (en) * | 2009-05-15 | 2010-11-19 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Three-dimensional geometric control method for case of vehicle, involves acquiring two-dimensional images of captured assembly, and calculating three-dimensional co-ordinates of assembly from two-dimensional images of assembly |
CN111398288A (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2020-07-10 | 包头联方高新技术有限责任公司 | System, method and device for full-width circumferential detection of surface of continuous casting billet in online hot state |
CN111398288B (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2022-11-15 | 包头联方高新技术有限责任公司 | Full-width circumferential detection system, method and device for surface of continuous casting billet in online thermal state |
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