Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
  • A61M5/178—Syringes
  • A61M5/31—Details
  • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
  • A61M5/31533—Dosing mechanisms, i.e. setting a dose
  • A61M5/31545—Setting modes for dosing
  • A61M5/31548—Mechanically operated dose setting member
  • A61M5/3155—Mechanically operated dose setting member by rotational movement of dose setting member, e.g. during setting or filling of a syringe
  • A61M5/31553—Mechanically operated dose setting member by rotational movement of dose setting member, e.g. during setting or filling of a syringe without axial movement of dose setting member
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
  • A61M5/178—Syringes
  • A61M5/31—Details
  • A61M2005/3125—Details specific display means, e.g. to indicate dose setting
  • A61M2005/3126—Specific display means related to dosing
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
  • A61M2205/58—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision
  • A61M2205/581—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision by audible feedback
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
  • A61M2205/58—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision
  • A61M2205/582—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision by tactile feedback
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
  • A61M2205/58—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision
  • A61M2205/583—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision by visual feedback
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
  • A61M2205/58—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision
  • A61M2205/583—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision by visual feedback
  • A61M2205/585—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision by visual feedback having magnification means, e.g. magnifying glasses
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
  • A61M5/178—Syringes
  • A61M5/20—Automatic syringes, e.g. with automatically actuated piston rod, with automatic needle injection, filling automatically
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
  • A61M5/178—Syringes
  • A61M5/24—Ampoule syringes, i.e. syringes with needle for use in combination with replaceable ampoules or carpules, e.g. automatic
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
  • A61M5/178—Syringes
  • A61M5/31—Details
  • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
  • A61M5/31533—Dosing mechanisms, i.e. setting a dose
  • A61M5/31535—Means improving security or handling thereof, e.g. blocking means, means preventing insufficient dosing, means allowing correction of overset dose
  • A61M5/31541—Means preventing setting of a dose beyond the amount remaining in the cartridge
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
  • A61M5/178—Syringes
  • A61M5/31—Details
  • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
  • A61M5/31533—Dosing mechanisms, i.e. setting a dose
  • A61M5/31545—Setting modes for dosing
  • A61M5/31548—Mechanically operated dose setting member
  • A61M5/3156—Mechanically operated dose setting member using volume steps only adjustable in discrete intervals, i.e. individually distinct intervals
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
  • A61M5/178—Syringes
  • A61M5/31—Details
  • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
  • A61M5/31533—Dosing mechanisms, i.e. setting a dose
  • A61M5/31545—Setting modes for dosing
  • A61M5/31548—Mechanically operated dose setting member
  • A61M5/31563—Mechanically operated dose setting member interacting with a displaceable stop member
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
  • A61M5/178—Syringes
  • A61M5/31—Details
  • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
  • A61M5/31565—Administration mechanisms, i.e. constructional features, modes of administering a dose
  • A61M5/31566—Means improving security or handling thereof
  • A61M5/31573—Accuracy improving means
  • A61M5/31575—Accuracy improving means using scaling up or down transmissions, e.g. gearbox
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
  • A61M5/178—Syringes
  • A61M5/31—Details
  • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
  • A61M5/31565—Administration mechanisms, i.e. constructional features, modes of administering a dose
  • A61M5/31576—Constructional features or modes of drive mechanisms for piston rods
  • A61M5/31583—Constructional features or modes of drive mechanisms for piston rods based on rotational translation, i.e. movement of piston rod is caused by relative rotation between the user activated actuator and the piston rod
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
  • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
  • A61M5/178—Syringes
  • A61M5/31—Details
  • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
  • A61M5/31565—Administration mechanisms, i.e. constructional features, modes of administering a dose
  • A61M5/3159—Dose expelling manners
  • A61M5/31593—Multi-dose, i.e. individually set dose repeatedly administered from the same medicament reservoir

Definitions

• Injection device with axially overlapping metering or display element
• the invention relates to an injection device for an injectable product, preferably a liquid medicament such as insulin, a growth hormone or an osteoporosis preparation.
• EP 1 351 732 B1 discloses an injection device with a housing in which a reservoir for an injectable product and in the axial extension of the reservoir a metering and advancing device for a delivery piston accommodated in the reservoir are arranged.
• the dosing and advancing device comprises a dosing member which is rotatable and axially movable in threaded engagement with the housing for adjustment of a product dose.
• the dosing member is provided with a piston rod in a rotationally secured engagement that permits relative axial movement between the piston rod and the dosing member.
• the dosing and advancing device further comprises a force member in the form of a compression spring, which acts on the dosing axially with a resilience.
• the force member is tensioned.
• the piston rod is threadedly engaged with the housing and is held against rotation relative to the housing when adjusting the dose of product.
• the dosing unit also forms a display element for displaying the set dose.
• the threaded engagement of the dosing and the housing have such a large thread pitch that at axial pressure on the dosing this rotates in the threaded engagement and self-locking can not take place. Due to the correspondingly long axial adjustment path, the markings of the dose scale can also be distributed over a correspondingly long length, which is beneficial for readability.
• the disadvantage is that the known injection device has a correspondingly large length. A trigger to be actuated for the release of the set dose is in an axially middle region of the Housing arranged. This complicates the handling of the injection device in the injection, namely the release of the distribution.
• a dosing member is not movably disposed in the reservoir, whereby the overall length can be reduced.
• the dosing member is provided with a plurality of stops, each one of which limits the stroke of a piston rod in successive executable distributions and thus determines the dose that can be administered per distribution.
• the individual doses are not freely selectable as with the dosing and display element of EP 1 351 732.
• An injection device of the invention relates to a housing having a reservoir for an injectable product, a piston axially movable in the reservoir in a propulsion direction, and a metering and propelling device disposed in an axial extension of the reservoir, ie along a movement axis of the piston the reservoir, is arranged.
• the housing may directly form the reservoir, but advantageously the housing forms only a receptacle for a product container, which may in particular be an ampoule with the piston received therein.
• the metering and advancing device comprises a metering or display member, which in function may be a pure metering member or a pure display member or advantageously a metering and display member in combination.
• the word "or” is used in relation to the dosing or display element and also in the sense of "and / or", ie in terms of logic, as far as the context does not indicate otherwise
• the dosing or display element is relative is axially reciprocable toward the piston and the reservoir and is moved in an axial direction relative to the piston upon adjustment of a dose of product to be administered and is returned in the opposite direction upon delivery of the dose.
• the axial mobility is preferably limited at least in one of the two directions by a stop to at least one of the two axial directions an axial end position, into which the metering or Display element is movable, to specify exactly.
• an axial end position is predetermined by abutment contact for both directions of the axial movability, so that the dosing or display member in one direction to a maximum dose position and in the other direction to a minimum dose position, preferably the zero dose position , each defined to the limit stop is movable.
• the injection device may further comprise a force member which acts on the dosing or indicating member with a force in one of the two axial directions.
• a force member which acts on the dosing or indicating member with a force in one of the two axial directions.
• a force member such a force member need not be provided, i. H. it is an optional force member.
• the optional force member can generate the force required to dispense the adjusted dose.
• the dosing or display member can be extended in the proximal direction of the dose setting out of the housing and be pushed back deeper into the housing during distribution by the user.
• an operating member moving out of the housing can act on the dosing member when distributing via a gear.
• the metering or indicating member preferably advances in the proximal direction when the dose is adjusted, and accordingly in the distal direction toward the injection site upon release. This applies in particular to designs without the force member, if the distribution is namely made by axial pressure on the metering or display member or a transmission-technically coupled actuator. If the force member is present, such a movement for the dosing or display member is still preferred, however, the assignment of the direction of movement to the adjustment and dispensing can be easily reversed.
• the dosing or indicating member overlaps the reservoir at least when it occupies the at least one axial end position.
• the injection device comprises the force member designated as optional, at least overlaps one of dosing or display member and optional power member, the reservoir at least when the dosing or display member occupies the at least one axial end position.
• the force member is present, even in such embodiments preferably only the metering or indicator member overlaps the reservoir. In alternative embodiments, however, only the force member may be arranged in axial overlap with the reservoir. In yet another alternative, even the metering or indicator member as well as the force member may axially overlap the reservoir.
• the force member Overlaps the force member, then preferably in each axial position of the metering or display member, wherein the force member is preferably supported axially in the region of the overlap directly or via an intermediate member on the housing. Overlapped as preferred, the dosing or indicator member, then preferably in the axial end position, which it occupies after the release of the set dose.
• the metering or indicator member or optional force member preferably does not only overlap or overlap at least one end portion of the reservoir with respect to the propulsion direction in the at least one end position, but advantageously overlap the piston axially.
• the metering or display member or the optional force member projects beyond the piston in the advancing direction, at least it does not stand behind the front end of the piston in preferred embodiments.
• the overall length of the injection device can be kept in ergonomically favorable limits, even if it should be the metering or display member allows to pass through an axially long adjustment in the setting of the dose.
• Long adjustment paths are in terms of tactile accurate dosage beneficial if the dose is adjusted by the adjustment of the dosing or display member. Long adjustment paths are also advantageous for a pure display element, since the dose scale can be distributed over a long distance corresponding to the adjustment path.
• the dosing or display member is a dosing and display member in one or merely forms a display member of the injection device and in addition a pure dosing member is provided, its position taken after the setting of the dose determines the delivery stroke of the piston, preferably by stop when reaching the minimum dose position, the dosing and display member or the display member can serve as a carrier of the dose scale.
• the dose scale may alternatively be applied or incorporated onto or into the housing, for example, and serve as a carrier of a marking along the dose scale, for example in the form of a reading scraper, of the clean display member or metering and indicating member.
• the dosing or display element combines the functions of dosing and displaying, so that the injection device according to the invention offers the benefits mentioned in each case in combination with the two functions.
• the dosing or display element can be purely translational, d. H. only be axially movable. Advantageously, however, it is also rotatable about an axis of rotation pointing in the axial direction. More preferably, the translation and such a rotation are necessarily superimposed on each other, for which the dosing or display member forms a hinge member of a screw joint, the other joint member can in particular form the housing.
• the two hinge members are threadedly engaged with a pitch, which is advantageously so large that an axial force exerted on the metering or indicating member, preferably a compressive force, causes the thread engagement to rotate with superimposed translation of the metering or indicating member. The two engaged threads are thus not self-locking.
• the metering or display member is directly in threaded engagement with the housing.
• it is not so directly with the housing, but kinematically via one or more intermediate members movable relative to the housing, d. H. slip-free, coupled.
• intermediate members are considered to belong to the housing, as far as the adjustment of the dosing or display member is concerned.
• the stop may be an axial stop against which the metering or indicating member pushes in the axial direction when it reaches the end position. If the axial movement is superimposed by a rotation, the stop can also be used as an axial stop or alternatively be formed as a radial or rotational stop, against which the dosing or display member comes in rotation in the circumferential direction about the axis of rotation in abutting contact when it has reached the at least one end position.
• the dosing and adjusting member is equipped with an engagement region, which is formed as described above in preferred embodiments as a thread, but in principle also be formed differently can, for example, as Linearschreibung with axially adjacent locking elements.
• the engagement portion of the metering or indicator member overlaps the piston, advantageously to at least its front end.
• the force member if present, is preferably a spring member which acts on the dosing member with a resilience force. It may be a pneumatic or more preferably a mechanical spring member. In the embodiment as a spring member, it sets in the distribution preferably the previously stored in the setting of the product dose elastic energy again and thus provides the energy required for the propulsion of the piston. The user only has to press a trigger. Regardless of the type of force member, the end position where the metering or indicating member only or most overlaps the reservoir may be the minimum dose position or the maximum dose position. If the force member is a compression spring, it is preferred that the compression spring acts in the direction of the minimum dose position on the dosing or indicating member and that direction coincides with the distal direction.
• the compression spring is located distally of the dosing or indicating member, its elasticity force acts in the proximal direction.
• a tension spring forms the force element, the directional relationships are reversed.
• the force member itself has no practically relevant elasticity, but for example, is formed by an electric motor that allows dosing of the dosing or participates in setting the dose or alternatively by a separately made setting and operation according to the setting motor causes and Also causes a dispensing movement of the dosing motor after manual release.
• the dosing or display member may function as a dosing member protrude from the housing to form itself a manually operable Dosierknopf, wherein the protruding from the housing portion with the remaining part of the dosing member may be formed in one piece or firmly connected.
• the dosing or indicating member moves out of the housing in the setting of the dose and is returned to the housing in the direction of the minimum dose position during dispensing, which is advantageously done by the user in the distal direction of the Dosing or display member presses.
• the metering or indicating member does not extend out of the housing, but only reciprocates within the housing when adjusting and dispensing the dose.
• the metering or display member can be kept in particular in embodiments with power member by a metering against the force of the force member in the respective metering position relative to the housing.
• the dosing clutch comprises coupling members which are in clutch engagement with one another when adjusting the dose. For the payout, the clutch engagement is released so that the metering or indicator member can move under the force of the force member toward the end position. If the metering or indicating member does not protrude from the housing itself or is fixedly connected to a tangible metering button, the metering coupler couples the metering or indicating member to a user-accessible and thus manually operable metering knob to adjust the dose.
• the dosing clutch is preferably released and the dosing or display member thereby decoupled from the externally accessible dosing.
• the injection device comprises a trigger acting as a trigger button.
• the actuation button is preferably located at a proximal end of the injection device and can be advantageously operated with the thumb of the same hand with which the user holds the injection device during the injection.
• the actuating button forms the proximal end of the injection device. It is also advantageous if the actuating button also forms the dosing button in a double function. Both in versions without as well as in versions with a force member, preferably the same, manually operable actuating button forms both the dosing button and the trigger, by the actuation of which the discharge is effected.
• the injection device comprises a discharge coupling which kinematically couples the dispensing metering or indicating member to a piston rod, d. H. slip-free coupled.
• a discharge coupling which kinematically couples the dispensing metering or indicating member to a piston rod, d. H. slip-free coupled.
• the two clutches are preferably "switched” such that when triggered by actuation of said operating button automatically disengages the dosing and the Aus—kupplung is closed.
• FIG. 3 the proximal section of the injection device in the longitudinal section
• FIG. 4 shows a dosing clutch in a clutch engagement
• FIG. 5 shows a housing section and an actuating button and Figure 6 is a discharge clutch disengaged.
• FIG. 1 shows an injection device in a side view.
• the injection device is formed as an elongated, slender injection pen. It comprises a housing with a distal housing section 1 and a proximal housing section, which comprises two housing sections 2 and 3 firmly connected to one another.
• the injection device serves to administer a liquid medicament, for example insulin.
• the medicament is contained in a reservoir, which is exchangeably inserted in the housing section 1.
• the medicament is administrable through an outlet Ia formed at the distal end of the housing section 1.
• the injection device is substantially rotationally symmetrical with respect to a central longitudinal axis RT.
• the housing sections 1-3 are each formed of opaque plastic material.
• the housing portion 1 has a window Ib which extends to or close to the proximal end of the housing portion 1 and close to the outlet Ia, but is comparatively narrow in the circumferential direction about the axis RT .
• the housing section 2 likewise has a window 2b, which covers the window 1b in the connected state of the housing sections 1 and 2, so that even in the connection region of the housing sections 1 and 2, the view of the reservoir is free.
• the windows 1b and 2b are the same width in the circumferential direction, but different dimensions in the circumferential direction would certainly be conceivable as long as at least the function of viewing the reservoir is fulfilled.
• a further window 4 is formed in the form of a magnifying glass.
• An actuating button 27 forms the proximal end of the injection device.
• the actuating button 27 fulfills the function of a manually operable Dosierknopfs, by the operation of a dose to be administered the drug is selectable or adjustable, and also the function of a trigger button, by the operation of the set dose is aus wellbar.
• the set dose can be read through the window 4 on a running below the window 4 in the setting dose scale.
• Figures 2 and 3 show the injection device each in a longitudinal section containing the longitudinal axis RT, Figure 2 as a whole and Figure 3 shows the proximal portion in an enlarged view.
• the reservoir R is an ampoule made of glass or transparent plastic.
• a piston 10 is received in an advancing direction V to the outlet Ia to axially movable.
• the housing section 1 basically forms only a reservoir holder. It is fixed to the housing portion 2, but releasably connected for an exchange of the reservoir 1, for example screwed.
• the sections 2 and 3 forming the proximal housing section are likewise firmly connected to one another, preferably by material engagement, and can be functionally regarded as a single housing section 2, 3.
• the housing section 2, 3 supports a dosing and advancing device, by means of which a dose of the medicament which can be distributed per injection can be set and the set dose can be distributed by propulsion of the piston 10.
• the actuation button 27 is coupled to adjust the dose by means of a Dosierkupplung with the metering and propulsion device.
• the dosing and advancing device comprises a plurality of members, which are coupled together by means of the dosing and a discharge coupling in the setting of the dose and their distribution in different ways.
• a piston rod 11 forms one of these links. In the distribution, the piston rod 11 presses against the back of the piston 10 so that it moves in the advancing direction V and drug is released through the outlet Ia.
• the piston rod 11 is threadedly engaged with the housing portion 2 for which it is threaded over most of its length.
• the housing section 2 forms the mating thread on a holding device 2 a protruding radially inwardly against the piston rod 11 (FIG. 3).
• the propulsion movement of the piston rod 11 is a rotational movement about the longitudinal axis RT with superimposed translation in the advancing direction V.
• the thread of the piston rod 11 is not formed circumferentially, but is interrupted at least by an axial flat side or groove. However, the threaded engagement with the Gareiniichtung 2 a and given in the threaded engagement holder of the piston rod 11 does this no demolition.
• the metering and advancing device further comprises a first coupling member 12, a second coupling member 16 and a third coupling member 22.
• the coupling member 12 is connected to the piston rod 11 along the flat side or groove in a guide engagement axially movable, but secured against rotation.
• the coupling member 12 is disposed proximally of the holding device 2a and presses in the advancing direction V against the holding device 2a.
• the coupling member 12 surrounds the piston rod 11.
• the coupling member 12 includes a distal portion that contacts the retainer 2a and a proximal portion that extends to the operating knob 27. Between the two sections, a spring 13 is formed.
• a further spring 14 is formed, which comprises a plurality of projecting in the direction of the holding device 2a spring tongues, which are elastically tensioned.
• the spring tongues of the spring 14 form latching elements which latch with latching counter-elements of the holding device 2a, so that between the coupling member 12 and the holding device 2a and thus the housing portion 2 a Drehloiskupplung is obtained, which prevents the piston rod 11 in vibration relative to the housing Can turn 1-3.
• the transferable in the coupling engagement of the locking elements and locking counterparts of Drehloiskupplung force is not so great that it prevents the required for the discharge of the set dose rotational movement of the piston rod 11 or even hindered to a practically relevant extent.
• the coupling member 12 can axially deflect.
• the coupling member 12 is formed, including the two springs 13 and 14 in one piece of plastic, preferably by injection molding.
• the coupling member 16 is rotatably mounted about the axis RT. It is sleeve-shaped and surrounds the coupling member 12. At the distal end of the coupling member 16 is a spring 17, in the embodiment, an axially short coil spring, formed in one piece. The coupling member 16 is supported with its spring 17 in the distal direction on the coupling member 12 and pushes it against the holding device 2a. At the proximal end of the coupling member 16 engaging elements 20 are formed, which are in the illustrated state of the injection device in a releasable coupling engagement with engagement counter-elements 24 of the coupling member 22.
• the engagement elements 20 and Engagement counter-elements 24 may be axially from the coupling member 16 or 22 in the direction of the other protruding teeth, which form two intermeshing in the clutch engagement, concentric with the axis RT sprockets with preferably uniform pitch, as shown in Figure 4 by way of example.
• the engagement elements 20 and engagement counter-elements 24 of the two coupling elements 16 and 16 engage
• the coupling members 16 and 22 form the Dosierkupplung and are connected to each other in the clutch engagement against rotation.
• Figure 4 shows the coupling halves of Dosierkupplung, namely the coupling members 16 and 22, in the clutch engagement and detached from the overall context, so that their functional elements 17-20 on the one hand and 23-25 on the other hand clearly visible.
• the coupling member 22 is also sleeve-shaped and has at its proximal end on a radially outwardly projecting flange. On the outer periphery of the flange engaging elements 25 are formed, which connect the coupling member 22 secured against rotation with the actuating knob 27.
• the coupling member 22 is supported via a spring 23 axially on the actuating knob 27 from.
• the spring 23 is an integral part of the coupling member 22 by the coupling member 22 in one piece including the spring
• the spring 23 is molded from plastic.
• the spring 23 is similar to the spring 14 of a plurality of curved around the axis RT and axially projecting spring tongues. It ensures in conjunction with the spring 17 that the coupling members 16 and 22 are held axially elastically in the clutch engagement.
• the spring 17 presses the coupling member 16 and the spring 23 presses the coupling member 22 further each axially abutment against the housing portion.
• the coupling member 22 is in threaded engagement with a stop member 26.
• the coupling member 22 is provided at its outer periphery in front of the flange with a thread 22a (Fig. 4).
• the housing portion 3 forms the thread 22a radially outwardly opposite an axial guide 7 for the stop member 26, so that the stop member 26 is axially moved during a rotational movement of the coupling member 22 in threaded engagement.
• the axial displacement of the stop member 26 corresponds to the amount of the drug, the maximum, ie at full reservoir R, is available and administered in several injections.
• the stop member 26 moves guided by the axial guide 7 along the external thread 22a of the coupling member 22 in the axial direction, in the exemplary embodiment in the advancing direction V. If the stop member 26 in this direction of movement at an axial stop formed by an inner sleeve 6 has arrived, this means that the reservoir R has been completely emptied.
• the inner sleeve 6 forms the axial guide 7 and is not axially movable relative to the housing portion 3, in the exemplary embodiment, it is formed on the housing portion 3 via a radial connecting web, ie it is part of the housing portion.
• the metering and voicing device further comprises a metering and indicating member 30 which is in threaded engagement with the housing portion 3.
• a metering and indicating member 30 which is in threaded engagement with the housing portion 3.
• the housing section 2 is smooth in the area of contact with the metering and display member 30.
• the thread 3a is formed directly on the shell inner surface of the circular cylindrical shell of the housing section 2, 3.
• the dosing and indicating member 30 is essentially a simple circular cylindrical sleeve with a correspondingly shaped external thread 30a.
• the threads 3 a and 30 a have a significantly greater thread pitch than the threads of the piston rod 11 and the holding device 2 a. The thread pitch is so great that self-locking in threaded engagement is prevented and the metering and indicating member 30 rotates under a pure axial force in threaded engagement relative to the housing portion 2, 3 and is moved axially.
• the metering and display member 30 is axially movable, but non-rotatably coupled to the coupling member 16.
• the dosing and indicating member 30 and the coupling member 16 are directly in a corresponding guide engagement with each other.
• the coupling member 16 forms for this purpose an axial guide 18 at its outer periphery.
• an engagement member 31 is formed abragend, with which the dosing and display member 30 in guiding engagement with the coupling member 16, ie with the guide 18, is.
• the guide 18 extends over most of the length of the coupling member 16 and is of the metering and display member 30 when setting the maximum dose on the drive through most of their length.
• the guide 18 is formed by axial grooves in the outer surface of the coupling member 16 (Fig. 4). At their distal ends, the grooves each form a stop 19 for the engagement element 31.
• the metering and advancing device comprises a spring member 32, which acts on the metering and indicating member 30 in the distal direction with a force.
• the spring member 32 of the exemplary embodiment is a helical spring and acts as a compression spring.
• the spring member 32 is supported in the proximal direction on the housing portion 3 from.
• the spring member 32 is supported in the distal direction on an annular sliding disk 33, which is inserted between the coupling member 16 and the metering and display member 30 and in turn is supported on the engagement member 31.
• the spring member 32 is largely decoupled from rotational movements of the metering and display member 30.
• the metering and indicator member 30 is movable relative to the piston 10 and the piston rod 11 and, moreover, to the coupling members 12, 16 and 22 between axial end positions back and forth.
• the two end positions are a zero dose position and a maximum dose position.
• the two end positions are each determined by a stop.
• the stop for the zero-dose position forms a shoulder 2c at the distal end of the housing portion 2 as an axial stop.
• the stop for the maximum dose position forms the housing section 3.
• a distal portion of the metering and indicating member 30 overlaps the reservoir R in the advancing direction V to beyond the piston 10 when the piston 10 as in the figures 2 and Figure 3 shows occupying a rearmost position in the reservoir R.
• the piston 10 occupies this position when the reservoir R is completely filled.
• the thread 30a extends to the distal end or at least to near the distal end of the dosing and indicating member 30 so that the thread 30a axially overlaps the reservoir R and the piston 10 when the dosing and indicating member 30 is the zero dose - takes position.
• the thread 30a terminates in front of the distal end of the dosing member 30 and, together with the thread 3 a of the housing portion 3, a rotational stop which determines the maximum dose position of the dosing and indicating member.
• the thread 30a could alternatively also leak at the distal end of the dosing and indicating member 30; the maximum dose position determining abutment would be otherwise in such a modification.
• the metering and display member 30 is not circumferentially fully cylindrical at its distal end, but only partially cylindrical, in order to release the view of the piston despite the axial overlap, even if the metering and display member 30 as preferred not from a transparent plastic material, but from an opaque or at most opaque plastic material or other material is formed.
• the distal edge of the dosing and indicating member 30 spirals around the axis RT so that the dosing and indicating member 30 as shown in Figures 2 and 3 can be seen with its distal end in a peripheral region axially even over the piston
• the metering and display member 30 may be circulating except for example one
• Housing section 2 comprises an outer sleeve which, together with the housing section 3, surrounds the metering and advancing device, and an inner sleeve, which at its distal end
• Indicator member 30 extends over a greater part of its length in the zero dose position, wherein the larger part in the region of the longest segment of the dosing and indicating member 30 constitutes about 50% of the total length of the dosing and indicating member 30.
• the dosing and indicating member 30 carries a dose scale which spirals on the outer circumference of the dosing and indicating member 30 with a pitch measured with respect to the axis RT corresponding to the pitch of the thread 30a.
• the dose scale consists of markings and numbers, each of which corresponds to a smallest adjustable dosage unit. The dose scale can be read during the adjustment of the dose to be administered through the window 4 of the housing section 3 (FIG. 1).
• the operating knob 27 forms the proximal end of the injection device. He is clipped to the housing portion 3 by the housing portion 3 is provided at its proximal end with a shoulder 5, which engages behind the actuating knob 27.
• the operation knob 27 is rotatable relative to the housing 1-3 about the axis RT in a metering direction and a correction direction. In setting the dose, the dose is increased by the rotation of the operation knob 27 in the metering direction and reduced upon rotation in the direction of correction, whereby a dose set too large by mistake can be corrected.
• the actuating knob 27 is further axially movable with the coupling member 22, but connected by means of the engagement elements 25 against rotation.
• Figure 5 shows the housing portion 3 and the operating knob 27 in clutch engagement with a portion of the operating knob cut away to show the engagement.
• the operating knob 27 forms on the rotation with the coupling member 22 also has a slip clutch, in the exemplary embodiment a Drehloiskupplung with the housing section 3.
• a slip clutch in the exemplary embodiment a Drehrisonkupplung with the housing section 3.
• On the operating knob 27 are uniformly distributed for the formation of the slip clutch about the axis RT a plurality of locking elements 28 formed with the corresponding are the locking engagement elements 8 formed in a coupling engagement with the distal end of the housing section 3, preferably congruent locking counter-elements 8.
• the number of locking counter-elements 8 is less than the number of locking elements 28.
• the actuating button 27 is rotatable relative to the housing portion 3 about the axis RT with existing coupling engagement of the locking elements 28 and locking counter-elements 8, wherein the locking elements 28 and locking counter-elements 8 in discrete over the circumference distributed Snap locking positions in pairs releasably together.
• the slip clutch does not necessarily have to be formed directly between the housing 1-3 and the operating knob 27. Instead of providing the locking elements 28 on the actuating button 27, they could also be formed on the coupling member 22. Modified locking elements and locking counter-elements could, for example, axially engage in both embodiments instead of radially.
• the latching elements 28 and correspondingly the latching counter-elements 8 are asymmetrically shaped with respect to the direction of rotation, so that the force required for releasing the latching engagement in a coupling metering direction is greater than in the reverse direction of rotation, the coupling correction direction.
• the operation knob 27 since the operation knob 27 directly forms the latching elements 28 itself, the metering direction of the operation knob 27 is also the clutch metering direction at the same time, and the correction direction is the clutch correction direction.
• the locking counter-elements 8 are locking cams, which protrude from the outer shell surface of the housing portion 3 radially outward.
• the locking elements 28 are correspondingly formed on the facing opposite inner surface of the operating button 27 as corresponding recesses or tooth gaps of an internal toothing.
• the advancing flanks of the latching elements 28 pointing in the coupling metering direction are flatter than the flanks pointing in the reverse direction of rotation when the latching elements 28 move in the coupling metering direction.
• the locking counter-elements 8 are shaped to fit snugly with two flanks.
• the asymmetry of the slip clutch with respect to the two directions of rotation of the operating knob 27 is matched to the direction of the force exerted by the force member 32 on the dosing and indicating member 30 force.
• the dosing namely the metering and indicating member 30 is threadedly rotated in the threaded engagement via the dosing formed at 20, 24 and the guide engagement formed at 18 and 31 and in the moved proximal direction.
• the spring member 32 is increasingly tensioned.
• the elasticity force of the spring member 32 sets the movement of the dosing and indicating member 30 in the proximal direction a resistance which acts on the coupling described above on the slip clutch 8, 28 and the rotational movement of the actuating knob 27 in the metering direction, in which the flatter flanks of the Locking elements 28 and locking counter-elements 8 have, opposes an additional, during the metering increasing frictional resistance.
• the force exerted by the spring member 32 supports conversely the rotational movement in the direction of a dose correction.
• FIG. 5 shows the housing section 3 and, in particular, its detent counter elements 8 for the slip clutch 3, 27.
• the housing section 3 forms radially elastically yielding clutch springs 9, a clutch spring 9 per detent counter element 8 in a proximal sleeve section.
• the detent counter elements 8 protrude radially from the clutch springs 9 outward.
• the clutch springs 9 are ring segments. Circumferentially around the axis RT, the sleeve section is composed of alternately the clutch springs 9 and, in contrast, stiffer ring segments.
• the clutch springs 9 each act as a circumferentially extending bending beam, which are clamped on both sides, namely at the two ever next adjacent stiffer ring segments. In the circumferential direction extends along the clutch springs 9 each have a recess, whereby the resilience of the respective clutch spring 9 is increased.
• the sleeve section forming the coupling springs 9 forms the proximal end of the housing section 3.
• the actuating knob 27 is cup-shaped with a bottom forming the distal end of the injection device and a rising from the ground, rotating around the axis RT wall on the inner surface of the locking elements 8 are distributed uniformly over the circumference and each formed as an axially extending recess.
• the locking elements 28 are in the assembled state with both the locking counter-elements 8 and the engaging elements 25 (Fig. 3) of the coupling member 22 in engagement, both the latching engagement with the locking counter-elements 8 and the anti-rotation engagement with the engagement elements 25 in each axial position of the actuating button 27 is preserved.
• the dosing and advancing device includes on the dosing clutch formed by the coupling members 16 and 22, a second clutch, namely the already also mentioned Aus contextkupplung shown in Figure 6.
• the Aus contextkupplung is formed by the coupling members 12 and 16, which are provided for this purpose with intermeshing engagement elements in the clutch engagement.
• On the side of the coupling member 12 are engagement elements 15a and 15b.
• the coupling member 16 is provided with engagement counterparts 21.
• the engagement elements 15a are axial ribs which protrude at the proximal end from a shell outer surface of the coupling member 12 radially outward.
• the engagement counter-elements 21 are formed on a shell inner surface at the proximal end of the coupling member 16 corresponding to axial blind grooves.
• the engagement counter-elements 21 form an axial guide for the engagement elements 15a.
• the engagement elements 15a form a kind of external toothing about the axis RT.
• the external toothing is interrupted at least one point, in the exemplary embodiment at two diametrically opposite points.
• each one of the engagement elements 15b is formed.
• the engaging elements 15b protrude radially outward like the engaging elements 15a, but are wider in the circumferential direction than the engaging elements 15a, so that they can not retract into the engaging elements 21 formed as blind grooves. Rather, the remaining between the engagement elements 21 rib webs form an axial stop for the engagement elements 15b when the coupling member 12 is moved relative to the coupling member 16 in the distal direction.
• the coupling member 16 is selectively connected to the coupling member 22 or the coupling member 12 in a clutch engagement, ie with dissolved discharge coupling in coupling engagement with the coupling member 22 and dissolved Dosierkupplung in coupling engagement with the coupling member 12.
• the dosing is closed, ie the Engagement elements 15a and 15b are in axial overlap only with the coupling member 22, the shell inner surface, however, is circumferentially smooth, so that when setting the dose, the coupling member 22 can rotate relative to the coupling member 12.
• the clutch member 12 is moved into clutch engagement with the metering and indicating member 16, the dosing clutch is thereby released and the distribution clutch closed, so that the discharge can begin.
• FIG. 6 shows the coupling members 12, 16 and 22 in the state of the closed metering coupling 16, 22.
• the user holds the injection device in one hand and sets with the other hand a cannula unit on the outlet Ia and screwed it firmly. Otherwise, the injection device is in the state shown in Figures 1 to 3.
• the user can verify the level of the reservoir R or the position of the piston 10. Assume that he has already vented the reservoir R and wants to inject in the next step, a certain dose of the drug.
• the operating knob 27 By turning the operating knob 27 he sets the desired dose.
• he can read the current dose corresponding to the axial position of the metering and display member 30 through the window 4.
• the actuation knob 27 can correct the overdose by turning the actuation knob 27 in the direction of correction.
• the rotational movement of the actuating knob 27 is transmitted to the metering and indicating member 30 via the anti-rotation lock provided at 25, via the metering coupling closed at 20, 24 to the coupling member 16 and in the guiding engagement between 18 and 31.
• the metering and display member 30 moves in engagement of the threads 3 a and 30 a rotationally about the axis RT and translationally in the proximal direction.
• the spring member 32 is at. the elastically tensioned increasingly dosing and supports an optionally be made dose correction.
• the latching engagement of the slip clutch between the housing section 3 and the actuation button 27 produces a clearly perceptible clicking sound. Due to the steepness of the thread 3 a and 30 a sets the metering and display member 30 a correspondingly long adjustment in the axial direction. Correspondingly large are the distances between the dose marks of the dose scale of the dosing and display member 30 in the axial direction, so that a clear reading of the straight under the window 4 continuous dosage mark is also guaranteed for visually impaired users.
• the piston rod 11 is decoupled from the dosing movement, in the exemplary embodiment dosing rotational movement, and is additionally secured by the surrounding, also decoupled coupling member 12 against rotational movements. The backup is obtained as already mentioned by the slip coupling formed between the coupling member 12 and the holding device 2a and the rotationally secured engagement of the coupling member 12 with the piston rod 11.
• the user When the desired dose is adjusted, the user pricks the puncture cannula into and under the skin into the subcutaneous tissue at the desired injection site. He then releases the release of the adjusted dose with the same hand, which also holds the injection device during insertion.
• the dosing and indicating member 30 is held in accordance with the dose-locking positions of the detent elements 28 and detent elements 8 of the slip clutch, ie, the slip clutch prevents the dosing and indicating member 30 from moving under the action of the spring member 32. Therefore, for disbursement, the coupling between the housing section 3 and the metering and indicating element 30 via the slip clutch at 8, 28 must be released. This is done by releasing the dosing coupling formed at 20, 24 by the user pressing the operating knob 27 in the distal direction with the thumb.
• the operating knob 27 moves relative to the housing portion 3 and the coupling member 22 against the force of the spring 23 in the distal direction and presses in this movement against the coupling member 12.
• the coupling member 12 springs in the region of its integrated spring 13 axially in it, so that its engagement elements 15a get into the rotationally secured engagement with the engagement counter-elements 21 of the coupling member 16.
• the metering coupling between the coupling member 22 and the coupling member 16 is still closed, while already the coupling engagement of the Aus thoroughlykupplung between the coupling member 12 and the coupling member 16 is made.
• the metering and indicator member 30 screws under the elasticity of the spring member 32 in the distal direction.
• the rotational movement portion of the dosing and indicating member 30 is transmitted to the coupling member 16 in the guiding engagement between the guide 18 and the engaging member 31.
• the coupling member 16 transmits because of the closed Aus featurekupplung the rotational movement of the coupling member 12, which in turn is non-rotatably connected to the piston rod 11, so that the piston rod 11 rotates in threaded engagement with the holding device 2a and pushes the piston 10 in the advancing direction V.
• the dispensing movement of the components involved is terminated by stopping the metering and excellentegiieds 30 at the shoulder 2c.
• the stroke or axial portion of the adjustment of the dosing and indicating member 30 therefore determines the stroke of the piston 10 and thus the distributed dose. Because of the larger thread pitch of the thread 3 a and 30 a relative to the threads of the piston rod 11 and the holding device 2 a of the stroke of the metering and display member 30 is reduced in a reduction ratio corresponding stroke of the piston 10.
• the slip clutch formed between the spring 14 and the retainer 2a produces a clicking sound that is clearly perceptible and also acoustically indicates to the user that medication is being dispensed.
• the dispensing process is further verifiable at least by the windows 1b and 2b based on the axial position of the piston 10 at least.
• the stop member 26 is also moved in threaded engagement with the coupling member 22 in accordance with the set dose.
• the user exchanges the deflated reservoir R for a filled new reservoir R. For this, he only has to separate the housing section 1 from the proximal housing section 2, 3, the new reservoir R already in it Insert received piston 10 and the housing section 1 and 2, 3 connect again.
• all the springs are formed as an integral part of a respective coupling member with coupling part and spring part.
• one or more of the springs may alternatively be formed in a conventional manner as a steel spring separately from the respective coupling member.
• the springs 13, 17 and 23 can be readily replaced by steel springs, since they only fulfill the spring function.
• the spring 14 For the replacement of the spring 14, however, it requires a replacement spring and the formation of locking elements at the distal end of the coupling member 12th
• the spring member 32 may be arranged in axial overlap with the reservoir R and is supported on an abutment, for example, the shoulder 2c , In such a reversal of the installation conditions, the metering and display member 30 would be moved in the distribution in the proximal direction against a stop.
• the spring member 32 may be incorporated as a tension spring, although the installation is particularly preferred as a compression spring.
• German Patent Application Nos. 10 2005 043 806.7 and 10 2005 043 807.5 is described in German Patent Application Nos. 10 2005 043 806.7 and 10 2005 043 807.5. According to these applications, the spring member tuned to the slip clutch as described is incorporated as a torsion spring. The older applications are included with regard to the coordinated arrangement of slip clutch and spring member.

Landscapes

• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Vascular Medicine (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Anesthesiology (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
• Hematology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
• External Artificial Organs (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=37606868

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Families Citing this family (68)

Family Cites Families (11)

• 2005
  • 2005-12-20 DE DE102005060928A patent/DE102005060928A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2006
  • 2006-11-30 CN CNA2006800525395A patent/CN101370540A/zh active Pending
  • 2006-11-30 AU AU2006329224A patent/AU2006329224B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2006-11-30 EP EP06817725A patent/EP1965845A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2006-11-30 WO PCT/CH2006/000673 patent/WO2007071080A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2006-11-30 JP JP2008546065A patent/JP2009519788A/ja not_active Withdrawn
• 2008
  • 2008-06-19 US US12/142,523 patent/US20090048561A1/en not_active Abandoned

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events