EP1950273A1 - Utilisation de glycérol, de melanges glycérol-éthanol ou glycérol-méthanol comme combustible pour des installations de chauffe - Google Patents

Utilisation de glycérol, de melanges glycérol-éthanol ou glycérol-méthanol comme combustible pour des installations de chauffe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1950273A1
EP1950273A1 EP07001004A EP07001004A EP1950273A1 EP 1950273 A1 EP1950273 A1 EP 1950273A1 EP 07001004 A EP07001004 A EP 07001004A EP 07001004 A EP07001004 A EP 07001004A EP 1950273 A1 EP1950273 A1 EP 1950273A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glycerol
fuel
use according
burners
mixture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07001004A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Horst Meyrahn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RWE Power AG
Original Assignee
RWE Power AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by RWE Power AG filed Critical RWE Power AG
Priority to EP07001004A priority Critical patent/EP1950273A1/fr
Publication of EP1950273A1 publication Critical patent/EP1950273A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
    • C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the use of glycerol as an additive or substitute fuel in combustion plants.
  • Glycerin is a colorless and odorless, viscous (viscous) and hygroscopic liquid at room temperature. Glycerin is a very versatile substance. Among other things, it is contained in cosmetics as a moisturizer because of its water-binding properties, it can be used as antifreeze, lubricant or plasticizer and is needed in the production of plastics, microchips, dyes and toothpaste. Furthermore, glycerol is used in medicine as a drug for the treatment of kidney edema or serves in the form of glycerol-containing suppositories as osmotic laxity in the rectum. Furthermore, the reaction with concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid produces nitroglycerin, a highly explosive that can be further processed into dynamite.
  • glycerine The material use of glycerine is currently limited to about 100,000 tons per year in Germany.
  • the material use of glycerine in Germany is limited to about 100,000 tonnes / year and it is expected that the surplus of glycerine from biodiesel production can increase to up to 700,000 tonnes by the year 2010 The question is how this excess amount can be recycled.
  • the stated object is achieved by using the glycerine obtained in the production of biodiesel as an additive or substitute fuel in combustion plants.
  • the object is achieved in particular by the fact that glycerol as additive or substitute fuel in coal power plants, oil power plants, gas power plants or is burned in lignite-fired power plants, coal-fired power plants or gas / coal combined cycle power plants and thus used for energy production (eg heating or process heat, steam, electricity).
  • the glycerol is burned in furnaces of cement plants, iron or steel works, waste or pollutant combustion plants or other industrial plants as additional or substitute fuel.
  • Furnace plants in which glycerol can be burned for energy production are e.g. the following burners or boiler / burner units: coal burners, oil burners, fluidized bed boiler burners, water tube boiler burners, shell boiler burners, rust-fired boiler burners, low-gas burners, duct burners and surface burners, and other similar types of burners.
  • burners or boiler / burner units are used as so-called start-up burners or pilot burners, auxiliary burners or as power burners.
  • glycerine as a fuel for energy production has several cost advantages, with several advantages resulting from energy policy or ecopolitical EU or country-specific legislation.
  • glycerol is used synonymously for the terms glycerol, crude glycerol or biogenic glycerol or biogenic crude glycerol.
  • this general definition does not apply if the term “glycerol” used here is specified in more detail in the respective context.
  • oil means both mineral oils and vegetable oils. Mineral oils included in the term “oil” are, for example, heavy heating oil, light heating oil and so-called middle oils.
  • oil burner or “oil combustion system” accordingly all burners or furnaces, for which are provided as a rule fuel the above mineral oils or vegetable oils.
  • substitute fuel is to be understood as meaning all fuels which do not represent standard fuels for which the respective system is actually designed.
  • Substitute fuels are e.g. also combustible waste, or processed high calorific waste fractions, in which the term secondary fuel has become established. If the glycerol is used in the context of the present invention as a mixture with one or more other fuels, is also used as a substitute fuel.
  • “Additional fuel” means all fuels that are burned together in a mixture with the so-called standard fuels for which the system is actually designed, wherein the additional fuel is mixed either with the standard fuels before being fed into the combustion chamber or with the additional fuel a combustion chamber, in which regular fuel is burned, is supplied.
  • the additional fuel can be in the context of the present invention glycerol or a mixture of glycerol and one or more other fuels.
  • waste which may consist of paper, plastics, wood, textiles, meat-and-bone meal, animal fats or sewage sludge, can be treated as a substitute fuel in order to incinerate it for energy production.
  • waste which may consist of paper, plastics, wood, textiles, meat-and-bone meal, animal fats or sewage sludge.
  • glycerine in the field of waste treatment or disposal has not yet been an issue.
  • biodiesel production increases strongly in the future as indicated above, this problem could become an issue.
  • the present invention therefore has the further advantage that a solution is shown here, such as the expected future surplus production glycerol can be counteracted in an economically and ecologically sensible way by the by-product.
  • glycerin has a very high vapor pressure and, concomitantly, a very high flashpoint.
  • the problem of the serious flammability of glycerol is solved in that the glycerol is used in the form of mixtures with one or more other fuels, wherein the one or more other fuels, a flash point of less than 100 ° C, preferably from below 60 ° C, more preferably below 40 ° C, and more preferably below 20 ° C.
  • a flash point of the Mixture of below 80 ° C, preferably below 50 ° C, more preferably below 40 ° C, particularly preferably below 30 ° C can be achieved.
  • the glycerol is mixed with such another fuel or fuels that the resulting mixture at 20 ° C has a viscosity of less than 200 mm / s 2 , preferably less than 150 mm / s 2 , more preferably less than 100 mm / s 2 and most preferably less than 75 mm / s 2 .
  • the other fuels used in the glycerol fuel mixture both the above-mentioned objectives, namely lowering the flash point and lowering the viscosity of the glycerol fuel mixture can be achieved.
  • glycerol is used as an additive or substitute fuel in combustion plants, as glycerolmethanol or glycerol-ethanol mixture with a content of methanol or ethanol of 3 to 40 wt.%, Preferably from 5 to 30 % By weight and more preferably from 10 to 20% by weight.
  • ethanol costs are much higher compared to the cost of the biogenic glycerol, it is desirable to mix the glycerol as low as possible, for example, ethanol or methanol.
  • a higher proportion of methanol or ethanol lowers the flash point significantly further, so that a lighter flammability can be achieved.
  • a higher proportion of methanol or ethanol also leads to a reduction in the viscosity of the mixture, which leads to an improved cold pumpability of the glycerol fuel mixture.
  • a mixture of 10 to 20 wt.% Ethanol and crude glycerol is used as a substitute fuel for light fuel oil as a so-called ignition oil in lignite power plants.
  • a mixture of glycerol with 5 to 15 wt.% Ethanol is used as a substitute fuel in heavy oil burners.
  • the regular fuel in said heavy oil burners may e.g. also a renewable fuel, e.g. Be palm oil.
  • the glycerol or crude glycerol without ethanol or other fuel additive or, alternatively, the mixture of glycerol and the other fuel (s) via an injection pipe or a burner in the hot flame area of the combustion chamber of combustion plants and power plants for the Use of liquid, solid and gaseous fuels and thus be used as additional fuel.
  • the flame region into which the crude glycerol is injected must have a temperature of the ignition temperature of the glycerol (400 ° C), so that an ignition of the glycerol takes place.
  • the glycerol or the crude glycerol can be used as additional fuel in oil firing systems.
  • a mixture of glycerol and heavy oil is burned in a heavy oil combustion plants and used to generate energy.
  • An alternative embodiment may also provide that a mixture of glycerine, another fuel and, for example, heavy fuel oil is used in an oil-fired plant to generate energy.
  • the further fuel for example methanol and / or ethanol, serves to adjust the flash point and / or the viscosity of the glycerol / heavy oil mixture.
  • the injection of the crude glycerol can also take place temporarily in a coal boiler in order to be able to quickly achieve an increase in output at peak load times.
  • the viscosity of the crude glycerol (80% glycerol, 14% water) is 152 mm / s 2 at 20 ° C and is thus about 8 times lower than that of pure glycerol with 1176 mm / s 2 .
  • the high viscosity reduction is produced by the 14%, low-viscosity water content.
  • the crude glycerine already generally shows a much better opportunity to use this in a fuel oil burner.
  • the cold pumpability of the crude glycerin is still limited, as some HEL oil burner pumps can only deliver up to a viscosity range of 75 mm / s 2 .
  • the vapor pressure of pure glycerol is so minimal that it plays no role in the evaporation of crude glycerol (G0) up to 100 ° C.
  • the low flash point depression is produced by traces of ethanol ( ⁇ 0.1%) and the formation of azeotropic mixtures of water / glycerol. The water lowers the boiling point of the mixture.
  • a balance sheet analysis ( Figure 5 ) for the blend GE20 shows that starting from a preheat temperature of 100 ° C for steam heating (0.052 MJ / kg), glycerine heating (0.904 MJ / kg) and glycerol evaporation (0.668 MJ / kg) to 290 ° C an energy of 1 , 62 MJ / kg is consumed.
  • To the blend GE20 is provided a more than sufficient amount of energy (5.53 MJ / kg) for the evaporation zone at 100 ° C preheat temperature, so that a burner can safely run stationary.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
EP07001004A 2007-01-18 2007-01-18 Utilisation de glycérol, de melanges glycérol-éthanol ou glycérol-méthanol comme combustible pour des installations de chauffe Withdrawn EP1950273A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07001004A EP1950273A1 (fr) 2007-01-18 2007-01-18 Utilisation de glycérol, de melanges glycérol-éthanol ou glycérol-méthanol comme combustible pour des installations de chauffe

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07001004A EP1950273A1 (fr) 2007-01-18 2007-01-18 Utilisation de glycérol, de melanges glycérol-éthanol ou glycérol-méthanol comme combustible pour des installations de chauffe

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1950273A1 true EP1950273A1 (fr) 2008-07-30

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EP07001004A Withdrawn EP1950273A1 (fr) 2007-01-18 2007-01-18 Utilisation de glycérol, de melanges glycérol-éthanol ou glycérol-méthanol comme combustible pour des installations de chauffe

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009007306A1 (fr) * 2007-07-06 2009-01-15 Oleo S.A. Carburant a base de glycerine
EP2163159A1 (fr) * 2008-09-16 2010-03-17 Resag (Renewable Energies Switzerland) AG Procédé d'utilisation d'oléagineux
GB2522612A (en) * 2013-12-16 2015-08-05 Al Hajam Establishment Volume Trading Fuel additive composition

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3205594A1 (de) * 1982-02-17 1983-09-01 Kurt 3220 Alfeld Bertram Verfahren zur herstellung eines zusatzstoffes zur verbesserung fluessiger kraftstoffe oder als heizmittelersatz
JP2004156836A (ja) * 2002-11-07 2004-06-03 Meidensha Corp 廃植物油の再利用システム
US20050000150A1 (en) * 2003-07-02 2005-01-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Method for combustion of pulverized coal with reduced emissions
WO2006086814A2 (fr) * 2005-02-16 2006-08-24 Georg Michael Ickinger Remplacement du mazout fossile par des combustibles liquides renouvelables, procede, mesures et dispositifs pour adapter des installations de chauffage et de combustion
CN1861764A (zh) * 2006-06-15 2006-11-15 王菊艳 氧化复合燃料及配套燃烧器

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3205594A1 (de) * 1982-02-17 1983-09-01 Kurt 3220 Alfeld Bertram Verfahren zur herstellung eines zusatzstoffes zur verbesserung fluessiger kraftstoffe oder als heizmittelersatz
JP2004156836A (ja) * 2002-11-07 2004-06-03 Meidensha Corp 廃植物油の再利用システム
US20050000150A1 (en) * 2003-07-02 2005-01-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Method for combustion of pulverized coal with reduced emissions
WO2006086814A2 (fr) * 2005-02-16 2006-08-24 Georg Michael Ickinger Remplacement du mazout fossile par des combustibles liquides renouvelables, procede, mesures et dispositifs pour adapter des installations de chauffage et de combustion
CN1861764A (zh) * 2006-06-15 2006-11-15 王菊艳 氧化复合燃料及配套燃烧器

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 200732, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 2007-331313, XP002440352 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009007306A1 (fr) * 2007-07-06 2009-01-15 Oleo S.A. Carburant a base de glycerine
EP2163159A1 (fr) * 2008-09-16 2010-03-17 Resag (Renewable Energies Switzerland) AG Procédé d'utilisation d'oléagineux
CH699553A1 (de) * 2008-09-16 2010-03-31 Resag Renewable En Switzerland Verfahren zur Verwertung von Ölpflanzen.
GB2522612A (en) * 2013-12-16 2015-08-05 Al Hajam Establishment Volume Trading Fuel additive composition

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