EP1933973A1 - Vorrichtung zur durchführung chemischer reaktionen - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur durchführung chemischer reaktionen

Info

Publication number
EP1933973A1
EP1933973A1 EP06793609A EP06793609A EP1933973A1 EP 1933973 A1 EP1933973 A1 EP 1933973A1 EP 06793609 A EP06793609 A EP 06793609A EP 06793609 A EP06793609 A EP 06793609A EP 1933973 A1 EP1933973 A1 EP 1933973A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reaction
carrying
housing
unit
reactor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06793609A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Achim Fischer
Harald Heinzel
Christoph Weckbecker
Klaus Huthmacher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Evonik Operations GmbH
Original Assignee
Evonik Degussa GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Evonik Degussa GmbH filed Critical Evonik Degussa GmbH
Publication of EP1933973A1 publication Critical patent/EP1933973A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J19/248—Reactors comprising multiple separated flow channels
    • B01J19/249—Plate-type reactors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/008—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material; Processes to increase or to retard the rate of reaction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/0278—Feeding reactive fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
    • B01J8/0446—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical
    • B01J8/0449—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical beds
    • B01J8/0453—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical beds the beds being superimposed one above the other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
    • B01J8/0446—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical
    • B01J8/0476—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more otherwise shaped beds
    • B01J8/048—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more otherwise shaped beds the beds being superimposed one above the other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
    • B01J8/0446—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical
    • B01J8/0476—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more otherwise shaped beds
    • B01J8/0484—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more otherwise shaped beds the beds being placed next to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
    • B01J8/0492—Feeding reactive fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/06—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes
    • B01J8/065—Feeding reactive fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/06—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes
    • B01J8/067—Heating or cooling the reactor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C319/00—Preparation of thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides
    • C07C319/02—Preparation of thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides of thiols
    • C07C319/08—Preparation of thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides of thiols by replacement of hydroxy groups or etherified or esterified hydroxy groups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
    • B01J2208/00168—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
    • B01J2208/00212—Plates; Jackets; Cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
    • B01J2208/00168—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
    • B01J2208/00212—Plates; Jackets; Cylinders
    • B01J2208/00221—Plates; Jackets; Cylinders comprising baffles for guiding the flow of the heat exchange medium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
    • B01J2219/00018—Construction aspects
    • B01J2219/0002—Plants assembled from modules joined together
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J2219/2401—Reactors comprising multiple separate flow channels
    • B01J2219/245—Plate-type reactors
    • B01J2219/2461—Heat exchange aspects
    • B01J2219/2462—Heat exchange aspects the reactants being in indirect heat exchange with a non reacting heat exchange medium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J2219/2401—Reactors comprising multiple separate flow channels
    • B01J2219/245—Plate-type reactors
    • B01J2219/2491—Other constructional details
    • B01J2219/2492—Assembling means
    • B01J2219/2496—Means for assembling modules together, e.g. casings, holders, fluidic connectors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for carrying out chemical reactions, in particular for carrying out exothermic and highly exothermic reactions in which a gas phase is passed over a Festgut thoroughlyung and reacted.
  • tube bundle reactors Strong exothermic reactions are usually carried out in tube bundle reactors by means of a heterogeneous catalyst.
  • Numerous examples are available in the literature: According to EP 0 188 532 (Nippon Kayaku) or JP 11080052 (Toa Gosei Chemical Industry Co.), tube bundle reactors are used to convert propene to acrolein and acrylic acid. According to DE 102 60 094 (BASF AG), tube bundle reactors are likewise used for the preparation of cyclic diisocyanates.
  • Reactors of this type are not very flexible use. So u.a. with the number of tubes of the reactor, the nominal capacity of the reactor. By suitable closing of individual tubes, this can indeed be reduced, but an increase in the nominal capacity is not possible without much effort.
  • the objects of the invention is to provide a flexible reactor. This is to be understood that z. B. a changing reaction performance over the life of the catalyst may require an adjustment of the reaction area. It could also be expedient, for example, to exchange tubes for one or more hordes or plates. Even a cleaning, repairs or catalyst change force in a conventional
  • the invention relates to a device serving as a reactor for carrying out exothermic chemical reactions, which consists of a housing and a reaction-carrying unit, with detailed technical solutions by the entire reactor meets the requirements of functionality, pressure and temperature.
  • the passages of the lines leading in or out of the reaction-leading unit are supplemented by the housing wall by force-absorbing units.
  • the reaction unit is interchangeably installed by the arrangement of a main flange connection in the upper third of the housing (reactor hood), with which it can be separated from the rest of the housing.
  • reaction-carrying unit for example in the form of an array of tubes, plates or one or more hordes (bundled tubes or plates) can be used interchangeably.
  • This unit is preferably introduced suspended or standing in the reactor jacket.
  • the reaction-filling unit filling the housing may consist of a plurality of modules arranged side by side and / or one another be attached to each other. The number n of these modules can be up to 10.
  • the reactor on which the invention is based is particularly suitable for carrying out exothermic and strongly exothermic reactions in which the educt gas is reacted by means of a heterogeneous catalyst.
  • the apparatus is suitable for the exothermic conversion of methanol with H2S to methylmercaptan.
  • the apparatus also for the implementation z. B. a C3 component at a higher temperature over a heterogeneous mixed oxide catalyst with oxygen, water vapor and / or an inert gas or preferably an exhaust gas from the reaction, from which the condensable components are separated.
  • the construction of the reactor housing is characterized in that, in contrast to conventional tube bundle reactors, the reaction space, designed as a pressure chamber, encloses the cooling space.
  • the reaction space designed as a pressure chamber
  • Part of the inventive concept is the rapid interchangeability of the reaction-bearing unit.
  • an embodiment of the invention consists of a reactor housing which is connected via a force-absorbing unit to the reaction-carrying unit.
  • the reaction-carrying units can be suspended or anchored to the reactor housing, so that, depending on the arrangement, the upper or the lower side of the reaction-carrying unit can expand or contract with thermal stresses.
  • the reactor shell is equipped with a force - absorbing unit in such a way that these are responsible for the passage of the incoming or outgoing Lines located on the inside of the reactor shell or on the outside of the reactor shell.
  • the force-absorbing unit is able to absorb the elongation or shortening of the reaction-bearing unit and thereby compensate for the stresses on the passages of the reactor shell.
  • EP 0895806 and EP 1048343 A2 describe the compensation of the stresses by the principle of convolution.
  • Another embodiment is that the incoming or outgoing lines are guided in a bent and thus in a sufficiently elastic form (see Figure 2).
  • Another object of the invention is an arrangement of the reaction-carrying unit, which is advantageously attached in a hanging position on the reactor hood. For example, by arranging a main flange connection in the upper region of the housing (reactor hood), preferably in the upper third, a rapid change of the reaction-carrying units, in whole or in part, can be carried out.
  • the device on which the invention is based is particularly suitable for carrying out exothermic and strongly exothermic reactions, in which a gas phase is passed over a solids bed and reacted.
  • This reaction can be, for example, the conversion of methanol with H 2 S to methyl mercaptan, which proceeds heterogeneously catalyzed at elevated pressure and temperature with exothermic heat generation.
  • the temperature of the reaction can be up to 600 ° C. Reaction temperatures are preferably from 250 to 600 0 C.
  • the reaction gas should usually have a specific gas velocity GHSV 500-5000 h-1 (gas flow in [l / h] / volume of catalyst [I]) have and can at a pressure up to 50 bar Section . be reacted.
  • the formulation of the catalyst is not limited.
  • the catalyst can be used for example as an extrudate, as a powder or supported active material.
  • Figure 1 device, overall picture

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
EP06793609A 2005-10-15 2006-09-18 Vorrichtung zur durchführung chemischer reaktionen Withdrawn EP1933973A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005049457A DE102005049457A1 (de) 2005-10-15 2005-10-15 Vorrichtung zur Durchführung chemischer Reaktionen
PCT/EP2006/066471 WO2007045531A1 (de) 2005-10-15 2006-09-18 Vorrichtung zur durchführung chemischer reaktionen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1933973A1 true EP1933973A1 (de) 2008-06-25

Family

ID=37101924

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06793609A Withdrawn EP1933973A1 (de) 2005-10-15 2006-09-18 Vorrichtung zur durchführung chemischer reaktionen

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US8057749B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1933973A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2009511257A (zh)
CN (1) CN101287544B (zh)
BR (1) BRPI0617418A2 (zh)
CA (1) CA2626004A1 (zh)
DE (1) DE102005049457A1 (zh)
RU (1) RU2389541C2 (zh)
WO (1) WO2007045531A1 (zh)

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB551312A (en) * 1941-06-13 1943-02-17 Walter Henry Groombridge Exothermic chemical processes
US3914111A (en) * 1974-04-18 1975-10-21 Universal Oil Prod Co Alkylation reaction chamber
JPS5959242A (ja) * 1982-09-28 1984-04-05 Toyo Eng Corp 反応方法およびそのための反応器
EP0194067B2 (en) * 1985-03-05 1994-05-11 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Steam reforming hydrocarbons
DE3532413A1 (de) 1985-09-11 1987-03-12 Uhde Gmbh Vorrichtung zur erzeugung von synthesegas
DE3880877T2 (de) * 1987-02-26 1993-09-23 Ammonia Casale Sa System zur verbesserung der reaktorausbeute fuer exotherme synthese, insbesondere fuer die ammoniakreaktion.
JPS63218244A (ja) * 1987-03-05 1988-09-12 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd メタノ−ル合成用多管式反応器
EP0386692A3 (en) * 1989-03-09 1991-01-09 Ammonia Casale S.A. System for modifying in situ reactors for the synthesis of ammonia
US5266281A (en) * 1989-09-16 1993-11-30 Xytel Technologies Partnership Catalytic reactor
US5362454A (en) 1993-06-28 1994-11-08 The M. W. Kellogg Company High temperature heat exchanger
CN2273619Y (zh) * 1996-09-06 1998-02-04 东南大学 带有内衬并易于装卸的高压釜
DE69631886T2 (de) * 1996-11-12 2004-12-30 Ammonia Casale S.A. Reformierungsanlage
JP2001038195A (ja) * 1999-06-28 2001-02-13 Basf Ag 熱交換板を備えた反応器
EP1153653A1 (en) * 2000-05-11 2001-11-14 Methanol Casale S.A. Reactor for exothermic or endothermic heterogeneous reactions
EP1221339A1 (en) * 2001-01-05 2002-07-10 Methanol Casale S.A. Catalytic reactor with heat exchanger for exothermic and endothermic heterogeneous chemical reactions

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2007045531A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101287544B (zh) 2012-10-10
JP2009511257A (ja) 2009-03-19
WO2007045531A1 (de) 2007-04-26
BRPI0617418A2 (pt) 2012-04-17
RU2389541C2 (ru) 2010-05-20
CN101287544A (zh) 2008-10-15
RU2008118971A (ru) 2009-11-20
US20080253926A1 (en) 2008-10-16
DE102005049457A1 (de) 2007-05-16
US8057749B2 (en) 2011-11-15
CA2626004A1 (en) 2007-04-26

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