EP1933973A1 - Device for carrying out chemical reactions - Google Patents

Device for carrying out chemical reactions

Info

Publication number
EP1933973A1
EP1933973A1 EP06793609A EP06793609A EP1933973A1 EP 1933973 A1 EP1933973 A1 EP 1933973A1 EP 06793609 A EP06793609 A EP 06793609A EP 06793609 A EP06793609 A EP 06793609A EP 1933973 A1 EP1933973 A1 EP 1933973A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reaction
carrying
housing
unit
reactor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP06793609A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Achim Fischer
Harald Heinzel
Christoph Weckbecker
Klaus Huthmacher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Evonik Operations GmbH
Original Assignee
Evonik Degussa GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Evonik Degussa GmbH filed Critical Evonik Degussa GmbH
Publication of EP1933973A1 publication Critical patent/EP1933973A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J19/248—Reactors comprising multiple separated flow channels
    • B01J19/249—Plate-type reactors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/008—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material; Processes to increase or to retard the rate of reaction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/0278—Feeding reactive fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
    • B01J8/0446—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical
    • B01J8/0449—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical beds
    • B01J8/0453—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical beds the beds being superimposed one above the other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
    • B01J8/0446—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical
    • B01J8/0476—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more otherwise shaped beds
    • B01J8/048—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more otherwise shaped beds the beds being superimposed one above the other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
    • B01J8/0446—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical
    • B01J8/0476—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more otherwise shaped beds
    • B01J8/0484—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more otherwise shaped beds the beds being placed next to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
    • B01J8/0492—Feeding reactive fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/06—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes
    • B01J8/065—Feeding reactive fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
    • B01J8/06—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes
    • B01J8/067—Heating or cooling the reactor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C319/00—Preparation of thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides
    • C07C319/02—Preparation of thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides of thiols
    • C07C319/08—Preparation of thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides of thiols by replacement of hydroxy groups or etherified or esterified hydroxy groups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
    • B01J2208/00168—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
    • B01J2208/00212—Plates; Jackets; Cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
    • B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
    • B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
    • B01J2208/00168—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
    • B01J2208/00212—Plates; Jackets; Cylinders
    • B01J2208/00221—Plates; Jackets; Cylinders comprising baffles for guiding the flow of the heat exchange medium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
    • B01J2219/00018—Construction aspects
    • B01J2219/0002—Plants assembled from modules joined together
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J2219/2401—Reactors comprising multiple separate flow channels
    • B01J2219/245—Plate-type reactors
    • B01J2219/2461—Heat exchange aspects
    • B01J2219/2462—Heat exchange aspects the reactants being in indirect heat exchange with a non reacting heat exchange medium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
    • B01J2219/2401—Reactors comprising multiple separate flow channels
    • B01J2219/245—Plate-type reactors
    • B01J2219/2491—Other constructional details
    • B01J2219/2492—Assembling means
    • B01J2219/2496—Means for assembling modules together, e.g. casings, holders, fluidic connectors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for carrying out chemical reactions, in particular for carrying out exothermic and highly exothermic reactions in which a gas phase is passed over a Festgut thoroughlyung and reacted.
  • tube bundle reactors Strong exothermic reactions are usually carried out in tube bundle reactors by means of a heterogeneous catalyst.
  • Numerous examples are available in the literature: According to EP 0 188 532 (Nippon Kayaku) or JP 11080052 (Toa Gosei Chemical Industry Co.), tube bundle reactors are used to convert propene to acrolein and acrylic acid. According to DE 102 60 094 (BASF AG), tube bundle reactors are likewise used for the preparation of cyclic diisocyanates.
  • Reactors of this type are not very flexible use. So u.a. with the number of tubes of the reactor, the nominal capacity of the reactor. By suitable closing of individual tubes, this can indeed be reduced, but an increase in the nominal capacity is not possible without much effort.
  • the objects of the invention is to provide a flexible reactor. This is to be understood that z. B. a changing reaction performance over the life of the catalyst may require an adjustment of the reaction area. It could also be expedient, for example, to exchange tubes for one or more hordes or plates. Even a cleaning, repairs or catalyst change force in a conventional
  • the invention relates to a device serving as a reactor for carrying out exothermic chemical reactions, which consists of a housing and a reaction-carrying unit, with detailed technical solutions by the entire reactor meets the requirements of functionality, pressure and temperature.
  • the passages of the lines leading in or out of the reaction-leading unit are supplemented by the housing wall by force-absorbing units.
  • the reaction unit is interchangeably installed by the arrangement of a main flange connection in the upper third of the housing (reactor hood), with which it can be separated from the rest of the housing.
  • reaction-carrying unit for example in the form of an array of tubes, plates or one or more hordes (bundled tubes or plates) can be used interchangeably.
  • This unit is preferably introduced suspended or standing in the reactor jacket.
  • the reaction-filling unit filling the housing may consist of a plurality of modules arranged side by side and / or one another be attached to each other. The number n of these modules can be up to 10.
  • the reactor on which the invention is based is particularly suitable for carrying out exothermic and strongly exothermic reactions in which the educt gas is reacted by means of a heterogeneous catalyst.
  • the apparatus is suitable for the exothermic conversion of methanol with H2S to methylmercaptan.
  • the apparatus also for the implementation z. B. a C3 component at a higher temperature over a heterogeneous mixed oxide catalyst with oxygen, water vapor and / or an inert gas or preferably an exhaust gas from the reaction, from which the condensable components are separated.
  • the construction of the reactor housing is characterized in that, in contrast to conventional tube bundle reactors, the reaction space, designed as a pressure chamber, encloses the cooling space.
  • the reaction space designed as a pressure chamber
  • Part of the inventive concept is the rapid interchangeability of the reaction-bearing unit.
  • an embodiment of the invention consists of a reactor housing which is connected via a force-absorbing unit to the reaction-carrying unit.
  • the reaction-carrying units can be suspended or anchored to the reactor housing, so that, depending on the arrangement, the upper or the lower side of the reaction-carrying unit can expand or contract with thermal stresses.
  • the reactor shell is equipped with a force - absorbing unit in such a way that these are responsible for the passage of the incoming or outgoing Lines located on the inside of the reactor shell or on the outside of the reactor shell.
  • the force-absorbing unit is able to absorb the elongation or shortening of the reaction-bearing unit and thereby compensate for the stresses on the passages of the reactor shell.
  • EP 0895806 and EP 1048343 A2 describe the compensation of the stresses by the principle of convolution.
  • Another embodiment is that the incoming or outgoing lines are guided in a bent and thus in a sufficiently elastic form (see Figure 2).
  • Another object of the invention is an arrangement of the reaction-carrying unit, which is advantageously attached in a hanging position on the reactor hood. For example, by arranging a main flange connection in the upper region of the housing (reactor hood), preferably in the upper third, a rapid change of the reaction-carrying units, in whole or in part, can be carried out.
  • the device on which the invention is based is particularly suitable for carrying out exothermic and strongly exothermic reactions, in which a gas phase is passed over a solids bed and reacted.
  • This reaction can be, for example, the conversion of methanol with H 2 S to methyl mercaptan, which proceeds heterogeneously catalyzed at elevated pressure and temperature with exothermic heat generation.
  • the temperature of the reaction can be up to 600 ° C. Reaction temperatures are preferably from 250 to 600 0 C.
  • the reaction gas should usually have a specific gas velocity GHSV 500-5000 h-1 (gas flow in [l / h] / volume of catalyst [I]) have and can at a pressure up to 50 bar Section . be reacted.
  • the formulation of the catalyst is not limited.
  • the catalyst can be used for example as an extrudate, as a powder or supported active material.
  • Figure 1 device, overall picture

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for carrying out exothermal chemical reactions wherein a gas phase is guided across a fixed bed and allowed to react. Said device comprises a housing and an exchangeable unit wherein the reaction takes place.

Description

Vorrichtung zur Durchführung chemischer Reaktionen Device for carrying out chemical reactions
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung chemischer Reaktionen, insbesondere zur Durchführung von exothermen und stark exothermen Reaktionen, bei der eine Gasphase über eine Festgutschüttung geleitet und zur Reaktion gebracht wird.The invention relates to a device for carrying out chemical reactions, in particular for carrying out exothermic and highly exothermic reactions in which a gas phase is passed over a Festgutschüttung and reacted.
Stark exotherme Reaktionen werden in der Regel in Rohrbündelreaktoren mittels eines heterogenen Katalysators durchgeführt. Hierfür gibt es in der Literatur zahlreiche Beispiele: Gemäß EP 0 188 532 (Nippon Kayaku) oder JP 11080052 (Toa Gosei Chemical Industry Co.) werden Rohrbündelreaktoren zur Umsetzung von Propen zu Acrolein und Acrylsäure eingesetzt. Gemäß DE 102 60 094 (BASF AG) werden zur Herstellung von cyclischen Diisocyanaten ebenfalls Rohrbündelreaktoren verwendet.Strong exothermic reactions are usually carried out in tube bundle reactors by means of a heterogeneous catalyst. Numerous examples are available in the literature: According to EP 0 188 532 (Nippon Kayaku) or JP 11080052 (Toa Gosei Chemical Industry Co.), tube bundle reactors are used to convert propene to acrolein and acrylic acid. According to DE 102 60 094 (BASF AG), tube bundle reactors are likewise used for the preparation of cyclic diisocyanates.
Reaktoren dieses Typs sind jedoch nicht sehr flexibel einzusetzen. So liegt u.a. mit der Rohrzahl des Reaktors die Nennkapazität des Reaktors fest. Durch geeignetes Verschließen einzelner Rohre kann diese zwar verkleinert werden, eine Vergrößerung der Nennkapazität ist jedoch nicht ohne größeren Aufwand möglich.Reactors of this type are not very flexible use. So u.a. with the number of tubes of the reactor, the nominal capacity of the reactor. By suitable closing of individual tubes, this can indeed be reduced, but an increase in the nominal capacity is not possible without much effort.
Die Aufgaben der Erfindung besteht in der Bereitstellung eines flexibel einsetzbaren Reaktors. Darunter ist zu verstehen, dass z. B. eine sich verändernde Reaktionsleistung über die Lebensdauer des Katalysators eine Anpassung der Reaktionsfläche erforderlich machen kann. Ebenfalls könnte es zweckmäßig sein, beispielsweise Rohre gegen eine oder mehrere Horden oder gegen Platten auszutauschen. Auch eine Reinigung, Instandsetzungen oder Katalysatorwechsel erzwingen bei einem herkömmlichenThe objects of the invention is to provide a flexible reactor. This is to be understood that z. B. a changing reaction performance over the life of the catalyst may require an adjustment of the reaction area. It could also be expedient, for example, to exchange tubes for one or more hordes or plates. Even a cleaning, repairs or catalyst change force in a conventional
Rohrbündelreaktor Stillstandzeiten, die große Kosten durch den Ausfall von Produktionskapazitäten verursachen. Um diesen Nachteilen entgegenzuwirken, ist es je nach Prozess jedoch zweckmäßig, die Geometrie der reaktionsführenden Einheit zu optimieren: So kann es für den Prozess vorteilhaft sein, den Rohrdurchmesser oder die Rohrlänge zu verändern, wenn beispielsweise ein verbesserter Katalysator eingesetzt wird. Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine als Reaktor dienende Vorrichtung zur Durchführung exothermer chemischer Reaktionen, die aus einem Gehäuse und einer reaktionsführenden Einheit besteht, wobei durch technische Detaillösungen der gesamte Reaktor den Anforderungen an Funktionalität, Druck und Temperatur Rechnung trägt. In einer besonderen Ausführungsform sind die Durchführungen der von der reaktions-führenden Einheit zu- oder abführenden Leitungen durch die Gehäusewandung durch kraftaufnehmende Einheiten ergänzt.Tube bundle reactor downtime, which causes high costs due to the loss of production capacity. However, to counteract these disadvantages, it is appropriate, depending on the process, to optimize the geometry of the reaction-bearing unit: Thus, it may be advantageous for the process to change the tube diameter or tube length if, for example, an improved catalyst is used. The invention relates to a device serving as a reactor for carrying out exothermic chemical reactions, which consists of a housing and a reaction-carrying unit, with detailed technical solutions by the entire reactor meets the requirements of functionality, pressure and temperature. In a particular embodiment, the passages of the lines leading in or out of the reaction-leading unit are supplemented by the housing wall by force-absorbing units.
Diese dienen zum einen dazu, die reaktionsführende Einheit im Gehäuse durch eine kraftaufnehmende Stutzendurchführung zu verankern, zum anderen dienen sie dazu, im Reaktor auftretende Spannungen, insbesondere Wärmespannungen, die durch das Aufheizen und Abkühlen der reaktionsführenden Einheit entsteht, abzufangen.These serve on the one hand to anchor the reaction unit in the housing by a force-absorbing nozzle passage, on the other they serve to intercept stresses occurring in the reactor, in particular thermal stresses caused by the heating and cooling of the reaction-bearing unit.
Die reaktionsführende Einheit ist durch die Anordnung einer Hauptflanschverbindung im oberen Drittel des Gehäuses (Reaktorhaube) , mit der diese von dem restlichen Gehäuse getrennt werden kann, austauschbar eingebaut.The reaction unit is interchangeably installed by the arrangement of a main flange connection in the upper third of the housing (reactor hood), with which it can be separated from the rest of the housing.
Je nach den Erfordernissen der Reaktionstechnik für exotherme Reaktionen, kann jeweils die geeignetste reaktionsführende Einheit, beispielsweise in Form einer Anordnung von Rohren, von Platten oder einer oder mehrerer Horden (gebündelten Rohren oder Platten) austauschbar eingesetzt werden. Diese Einheit wird vorzugsweise hängend oder stehend in den Reaktormantel eingebracht. Die das Gehäuse füllende reaktionsführende Einheit kann aus mehreren Modulen bestehen, die nebeneinander und/oder untereinander angebracht werden. Die Anzahl n dieser Module kann bis zu 10 betragen.Depending on the requirements of the reaction technique for exothermic reactions, in each case the most suitable reaction-carrying unit, for example in the form of an array of tubes, plates or one or more hordes (bundled tubes or plates) can be used interchangeably. This unit is preferably introduced suspended or standing in the reactor jacket. The reaction-filling unit filling the housing may consist of a plurality of modules arranged side by side and / or one another be attached to each other. The number n of these modules can be up to 10.
Der der Erfindung zu Grunde liegende Reaktor ist insbesondere zur Durchführung von exothermen und stark exothermen Reaktionen geeignet, bei der das Eduktgas mit Hilfe eines heterogenen Katalysators zur Reaktion gebracht wird. Beispielsweise ist der Apparat zur exothermen Umsetzung von Methanol mit H2S zu Methylmercaptan geeignet.The reactor on which the invention is based is particularly suitable for carrying out exothermic and strongly exothermic reactions in which the educt gas is reacted by means of a heterogeneous catalyst. For example, the apparatus is suitable for the exothermic conversion of methanol with H2S to methylmercaptan.
Besonders geeignet ist der Apparat ebenfalls zur Umsetzung z. B. einer C3-Komponente bei höherer Temperatur über einem heterogenen Mischoxidkatalysator mit Sauerstoff, Wasserdampf und/oder einem Inertgas oder vorzugsweise einem Abgas aus der Reaktion, aus dem die kondensierbaren Bestandteile abgetrennt sind.Particularly suitable is the apparatus also for the implementation z. B. a C3 component at a higher temperature over a heterogeneous mixed oxide catalyst with oxygen, water vapor and / or an inert gas or preferably an exhaust gas from the reaction, from which the condensable components are separated.
Weiterhin ist der Aufbau des Reaktorgehäuses dadurch kennzeichnet, dass im Gegensatz zu herkömmlichen Rohrbündelreaktoren der Reaktionsraum, als Druckraum ausgelegt, den Kühlraum mit umschließt. Somit kann es bei einer vorstellbaren Undichtigkeit zwischen beiden Räumen zu keiner Kontamination des Außenbereiches kommen.Furthermore, the construction of the reactor housing is characterized in that, in contrast to conventional tube bundle reactors, the reaction space, designed as a pressure chamber, encloses the cooling space. Thus, there may be no contamination of the outdoor area with a conceivable leak between the two spaces.
Ein Teil des erfinderischen Konzepts ist die rasche Austauschbarkeit der reaktionsführenden Einheit.Part of the inventive concept is the rapid interchangeability of the reaction-bearing unit.
Wie in Figur 1 zur Illustration der Erfindung dargestellt, besteht eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung aus einem Reaktorgehäuse, das über eine kraftaufnehmenden Einheit mit der reaktionsführenden Einheit verbunden ist. Die reaktionsführenden Einheiten können hängend oder stehend mit dem Reaktorgehäuse verankert werden, so dass sich je nach Anordnung die obere oder die untere Seite der reaktionsführenden Einheit bei Wärmespannungen dehnen oder zusammenziehen kann. Der Reaktormantel ist mit einer kraftaufnehmenden Einheit ausgestattet in der Weise, dass diese sich an der Durchführung der zu - oder abführenden Leitungen an der Innenseite des Reaktormantels oder an der Außenseite des Reaktormantels befindet. Die kraftaufnehmende Einheit ist in der Lage, die Dehnung oder die Verkürzung der reaktionsführenden Einheit aufzunehmen und dadurch die Spannungen an den Durchführungen des Reaktormantels kompensieren.As shown in Figure 1 to illustrate the invention, an embodiment of the invention consists of a reactor housing which is connected via a force-absorbing unit to the reaction-carrying unit. The reaction-carrying units can be suspended or anchored to the reactor housing, so that, depending on the arrangement, the upper or the lower side of the reaction-carrying unit can expand or contract with thermal stresses. The reactor shell is equipped with a force - absorbing unit in such a way that these are responsible for the passage of the incoming or outgoing Lines located on the inside of the reactor shell or on the outside of the reactor shell. The force-absorbing unit is able to absorb the elongation or shortening of the reaction-bearing unit and thereby compensate for the stresses on the passages of the reactor shell.
Verschiedenartige Ausführungsformen eines solchen Kompensators sind in der Literatur beschrieben. So beschreiben beispielsweise EP 0895806 und EP 1048343 A2 die Kompensation der Spannungen durch das Prinzip der Faltung. Eine andere Ausführungsform besteht darin, dass die zu- oder abführenden Leitungen in gebogener und damit in ausreichend elastischer Form geführt werden (s. Figur 2) .Various embodiments of such a compensator are described in the literature. For example, EP 0895806 and EP 1048343 A2 describe the compensation of the stresses by the principle of convolution. Another embodiment is that the incoming or outgoing lines are guided in a bent and thus in a sufficiently elastic form (see Figure 2).
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der Erfindung ist eine Anordung der reaktionsführenden Einheit, die vorteilhafterweise in hängender Position an der Reaktorhaube befestigt ist. Beispielsweise kann durch Anordung einer Hauptflanschverbindung im oberen Bereich des Gehäuses (Reaktorhaube), bevorzugt im oberen Drittel, ein schneller Wechsel der reaktionsführenden Einheiten, insgesamt oder in Teilen, durchgeführt werden.Another object of the invention is an arrangement of the reaction-carrying unit, which is advantageously attached in a hanging position on the reactor hood. For example, by arranging a main flange connection in the upper region of the housing (reactor hood), preferably in the upper third, a rapid change of the reaction-carrying units, in whole or in part, can be carried out.
Die der Erfindung zugrunde liegende Vorrichtung ist insbesondere zur Durchführung von exothermen und stark exothermen Reaktionen geeignet, bei der eine Gasphase über eine Festgutschüttung geleitet und zur Reaktion gebracht wird.The device on which the invention is based is particularly suitable for carrying out exothermic and strongly exothermic reactions, in which a gas phase is passed over a solids bed and reacted.
Diese Reaktion kann beispielsweise die Umsetzung von Methanol mit H2S zu Methylmercaptan sein, die heterogen katalysiert bei erhöhtem Druck und Temperatur mit exothermer Wärmebildung abläuft.This reaction can be, for example, the conversion of methanol with H 2 S to methyl mercaptan, which proceeds heterogeneously catalyzed at elevated pressure and temperature with exothermic heat generation.
Besonders geeignet sind die Apparate/Vorrichtungen zur Umsetzung einer C3 Komponente, wie beispielsweise Propan oder Propen bei erhöhter Temperatur über einem heterogenen Mischoxidkatalysator mit Sauerstoff, Wasserdampf und/oder einem Inertgas oder vorzugsweise einem Abgas aus der Reaktion, aus dem die kondensierbaren Bestandteile abgetrennt sind. Die Temperatur der Reaktion kann dabei bis 600°C betragen. Bevorzugt sind Reaktionstemperaturen von 250 bis 6000C. Das Reaktionsgas sollte in der Regel eine spezifische Gasgeschwindigkeit GHSV von 500 - 5000 h-1 (Gasfluss in [l/h] /Katalysatorvolumen [I]) besitzen und kann bei einem Druck bis 50 bar abs . zur Reaktion gebracht werden. Der Formulierung des Katalysators ist nicht beschränkt. Der Katalysator kann beispielsweise als Extrudat, als Pulver oder geträgerte Aktivmasse eingesetzt werden . Particularly suitable are the apparatus / devices for reacting a C3 component, such as propane or propene at elevated temperature over a heterogeneous Mixed oxide catalyst with oxygen, water vapor and / or an inert gas or preferably an exhaust gas from the reaction from which the condensable components are separated. The temperature of the reaction can be up to 600 ° C. Reaction temperatures are preferably from 250 to 600 0 C. The reaction gas should usually have a specific gas velocity GHSV 500-5000 h-1 (gas flow in [l / h] / volume of catalyst [I]) have and can at a pressure up to 50 bar Section . be reacted. The formulation of the catalyst is not limited. The catalyst can be used for example as an extrudate, as a powder or supported active material.
Abkürzungen in den Figuren:Abbreviations in the figures:
1 Kompensator1 compensator
2 reaktionsführende Einheit2 reaction unit
3 Prozessgaseinlass3 process gas inlet
4 Prozessgasauslass4 process gas outlet
5 Kühlmedium, Einlass5 cooling medium, inlet
6 Kühlmedium, Auslass6 cooling medium, outlet
Kurze Beschreibung der FigurenBrief description of the figures
Figur 1: Vorrichtung, GesamtbildFigure 1: device, overall picture
Figur 2: Kompensator, Variante 1 Figure 2: Compensator, variant 1

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung exothermer chemischer Reaktionen, bestehend aus einem Gehäuse und einer durch die Anordnung einer Hauptflanschverbindung im oberen Drittel des Gehäuses einer insgesamt oder in Teilen austauschbaren reaktionsführenden Einheit.1. A device for carrying out exothermic chemical reactions, consisting of a housing and a by the arrangement of a main flange in the upper third of the housing of a total or in parts interchangeable reaction-guiding unit.
2. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die reaktionsführende Einheit hängend oder stehend in dem Reaktormantel angebracht ist.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the reaction-carrying unit is mounted suspended or standing in the reactor jacket.
3. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die reaktionsführende Einheit aus mehreren Modulen besteht, deren Anzahl n bis zu 10 beträgt3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the reaction-leading unit consists of several modules whose number n is up to 10
4. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Module nebeneinander oder untereinander angebracht werden.4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the modules are mounted side by side or below each other.
5. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, bei der die reaktionsführende Einheit von unten oder von oben in das Gehäuse eingesetzt werden.5. The device according to claim 1, wherein the reaction-carrying unit are inserted from below or from above into the housing.
6. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Reaktionsraum, als Druckraum ausgelegt, den6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the reaction space, designed as a pressure chamber, the
Kühlraum mit umschließt.Refrigerator with encloses.
7. Vorrichtung gemäß den Ansprüchen 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die reaktionsführende Einheit durch eine Anordnung von Rohren, Platten oder einer oder mehreren Horden gebildet wird.7. Device according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the reaction-guiding unit is formed by an arrangement of tubes, plates or one or more hordes.
8. Vorrichtung gemäß den Ansprüchen 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die reaktionsführende Einheit in hängender Position an der Reaktorhaube befestigt ist.8. Device according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the reaction-carrying unit is attached in a hanging position on the reactor hood.
9. Vorrichtung gemäß den Ansprüchen 1 bis 8 bei der die reaktionsführende Einheit durch kraftaufnehmende9. Device according to claims 1 to 8 in which the reaction-carrying unit by force-absorbing
Stutzendurchführung mit dem Gehäuse verbunden ist. Stutzdurchführung is connected to the housing.
EP06793609A 2005-10-15 2006-09-18 Device for carrying out chemical reactions Withdrawn EP1933973A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005049457A DE102005049457A1 (en) 2005-10-15 2005-10-15 Device for carrying out chemical reactions
PCT/EP2006/066471 WO2007045531A1 (en) 2005-10-15 2006-09-18 Device for carrying out chemical reactions

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1933973A1 true EP1933973A1 (en) 2008-06-25

Family

ID=37101924

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06793609A Withdrawn EP1933973A1 (en) 2005-10-15 2006-09-18 Device for carrying out chemical reactions

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US8057749B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1933973A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2009511257A (en)
CN (1) CN101287544B (en)
BR (1) BRPI0617418A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2626004A1 (en)
DE (1) DE102005049457A1 (en)
RU (1) RU2389541C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2007045531A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB551312A (en) * 1941-06-13 1943-02-17 Walter Henry Groombridge Exothermic chemical processes
US3914111A (en) * 1974-04-18 1975-10-21 Universal Oil Prod Co Alkylation reaction chamber
JPS5959242A (en) * 1982-09-28 1984-04-05 Toyo Eng Corp Reaction method and reactor therefor
EP0194067B2 (en) * 1985-03-05 1994-05-11 Imperial Chemical Industries Plc Steam reforming hydrocarbons
DE3532413A1 (en) 1985-09-11 1987-03-12 Uhde Gmbh DEVICE FOR GENERATING SYNTHESIS GAS
DE3880877T2 (en) * 1987-02-26 1993-09-23 Ammonia Casale Sa SYSTEM FOR IMPROVING THE REACTOR YIELD FOR EXOTHERMAL SYNTHESIS, IN PARTICULAR FOR AMMONIA REACTION.
JPS63218244A (en) * 1987-03-05 1988-09-12 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Multi-tubular reactor for synthesizing methanol
EP0386692A3 (en) * 1989-03-09 1991-01-09 Ammonia Casale S.A. System for modifying in situ reactors for the synthesis of ammonia
US5266281A (en) * 1989-09-16 1993-11-30 Xytel Technologies Partnership Catalytic reactor
US5362454A (en) 1993-06-28 1994-11-08 The M. W. Kellogg Company High temperature heat exchanger
CN2273619Y (en) * 1996-09-06 1998-02-04 东南大学 Inner lined autoclave being easily charged or discharged
DE69631886T2 (en) * 1996-11-12 2004-12-30 Ammonia Casale S.A. reforming plant
JP2001038195A (en) * 1999-06-28 2001-02-13 Basf Ag Reactor provided with heat-exchanger plate
EP1153653A1 (en) * 2000-05-11 2001-11-14 Methanol Casale S.A. Reactor for exothermic or endothermic heterogeneous reactions
EP1221339A1 (en) * 2001-01-05 2002-07-10 Methanol Casale S.A. Catalytic reactor with heat exchanger for exothermic and endothermic heterogeneous chemical reactions

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2007045531A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101287544B (en) 2012-10-10
JP2009511257A (en) 2009-03-19
WO2007045531A1 (en) 2007-04-26
BRPI0617418A2 (en) 2012-04-17
RU2389541C2 (en) 2010-05-20
CN101287544A (en) 2008-10-15
RU2008118971A (en) 2009-11-20
US20080253926A1 (en) 2008-10-16
DE102005049457A1 (en) 2007-05-16
US8057749B2 (en) 2011-11-15
CA2626004A1 (en) 2007-04-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3497058B1 (en) Synthesis device and method for producing a product
DE3343114C2 (en) Device for carrying out exothermic, catalytic gas reactions for ammonia or methanol synthesis
EP3296255A1 (en) Reformer tube with structured catalyst and improved temperature control
EP1831147B1 (en) Method for producing phthalic anhydride
DE102008064275A1 (en) Process for the oxidative coupling of methane and production of synthesis gas
EP0787679A1 (en) Process and apparatus for the recovery of a gas rich in hydrogen and poor in carbon monoxide
DE212012000120U1 (en) Heat exchange reactor
US11806707B2 (en) Method, tube bundle reactor and reactor system for carrying out catalytic gas phase reactions
EP3429989B1 (en) Combined apparatus for the synthesis of urea
US4363787A (en) Monolith heat exchange reactor
EP4155259A1 (en) Method for producing synthesis gas with reduced steam export
CN207102556U (en) Horizontal reactor
DE102018113737A1 (en) Process and reactor system for carrying out catalytic gas phase reactions
EP1933973A1 (en) Device for carrying out chemical reactions
DE10108380A1 (en) Reactor for carrying out catalyzed reactions
EP3497392A1 (en) Plate heat exchanger, synthesis device, and method for producing a product
DE19851109A1 (en) Reactor for carrying out catalytic reactions with strong exothermicity
CN109966998B (en) Tubular reactor
EP0983252B2 (en) Method and reactor for producing ethylene oxide
DE4439807A1 (en) Reactor for carrying out heterogeneously catalyzed gas phase reactions
WO2020069974A1 (en) Fixed bed arrangement
GB1601516A (en) Catalytic reactor apparatus and use thereof
CN219580511U (en) Tubular fixed bed reactor
WO2023286721A1 (en) Gas production device, gas production system, and gas production method
EP0372453A2 (en) Method for retrofitting in situ an axial flow carbon monoxide conversion reactor.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20080313

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20080930

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN

18W Application withdrawn

Effective date: 20150708