EP1927706B1 - Wall covering for a facade - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a facade system according to the preamble of claim 1.

From the DE 202005010395 U is a generic facade system is known in which mineral bulk material is filled into pre-bent wire baskets, these wire baskets in rails, which are attached to a facade, are hung. This results in a suitable lining and dimensioning of the wire baskets a closed cladding of the facade with a view of the bulk material for the visual design of the facade.

From the EP 1 426 521 A2 is known a stem for a wall, are suspended in the wire baskets and side by side by means mounted in load-receiving parts of the wall holders. The filling volume of the wire baskets is determined in each case by spaced from the facade and facade side boundary walls of the wire baskets. In order not to hinder filling of the wire baskets, the wire basket is fastened to the façade on the façade-side boundary wall by means of the holders arranged substantially outside the wire baskets.

From the DE 202 07 327 U1 are similar, but narrow trained wire baskets each facing the facade and spaced therefrom, facing away, a filling volume forming boundary walls known.

The object of the invention is to develop a facade system on.

The object is solved by the features of claim 1. A filling of the filling volume can be done by pouring and subsequent shaking to achieve a compacted packing.

It is advantageous that only one surface of the facade, spaced from one or more adjacent or overlapping retaining elements formed wall to form the filling volume in front of the facade is necessary, the filling volume is limited at the opposite other side by the facade itself. By eliminating the facade side boundary walls and when using individual baskets of the contact surfaces of these each other Material can be saved. Furthermore, the attachment of the substantially planar retaining elements by means of appropriately designed fastening means is simple, since depending on a sufficient statics no additional requirements for the placement of these are to be considered. Furthermore, additional bending work can be omitted and the filling volume can be filled over a wide extension of the facade as a whole. The retaining elements essentially do not need to be prefabricated; on the contrary, it may be advantageous to use retaining elements which are available as standard articles in standardized and therefore inexpensive sizes and shapes. Furthermore, only the fastening means and not the retaining elements themselves have to be adapted to different distances from the facade. Furthermore, it may be advantageous, for example, for an economic operation, if the filling volume is first formed at least over large parts of the facade by attaching the retaining elements and then filled with loose material.

The static requirements of attachment of the retaining elements on the facade may also be advantageous in such a way that the retaining elements do not have to bear the entire load of the material introduced in the filling volume but only forces, which by the escape of the retaining elements away from the facade under the Pressure of loose material arise. As a result, the attachment of the retaining elements on the facade designed so simple that fewer load-bearing forces must be kept in the vertical direction. This may be particularly advantageous if the surface of the facade has a rather low load capacity, for example, because it is brittle or applied less viable insulating materials.

The wall cladding has particular advantages when a façade is to be visually designed in a uniform image. The façade may be inconsistent in itself and also need not have a uniform load-bearing and adhesion, as may be necessary in a plastering or other Nassin-wet process for applying a topcoat to the facade. To achieve a weather-resistant transition phase Between the facade and loose material, a film that can be breathable or impermeable can be interposed.

The wall cladding is advantageously formed from a plurality of retaining elements, which are arranged together and may optionally be arranged overlapping to achieve a higher stability and / or connected to each other. Also, in specially designed applications, multiple layers of identical or different materials can form one surface of a retention element.

Cutouts or recesses in the façade, for example on windows, doors and the like, can be provided in a particularly simple manner by cutting out the retaining elements on these areas to be kept clear and bending over or bending over to the façade, so that the filling volume is at least partially closed with respect to the façade becomes. Additionally or alternatively, it may be provided to close the resulting in the cutouts between the facade and retaining element or retaining elements openings of the filling volume by means of appropriate panels or angles in the form of plates, sheets or grids and the like, with the facade and / or with the retaining elements connected, for example, screwed, doweled, welded or locked. In particular, for optical embellishment these openings or between the facade and retaining elements resulting spacer surfaces with natural or artificial stone slabs, plastic plates, for example made of reinforced or simple thermoplastics, thermosets and the like, are closed. Advantageously, window reveals and in particular window cornices or boards can be designed in this way.

It is understood that corners or edges of the facade for connecting angularly arranged to one another facade elements or at the corners or edges following retaining elements means such as angles or panels can be used, which are attached to at least one retaining element and the retaining elements complete each other, stabilize or can position each other. For this purpose, on the retaining elements themselves mutually correspondingly acting connections such as Hook / eye closures or additionally or alternatively corresponding closures are attached to the retaining elements.

Advantageously, the wall cladding for all types of facades in indoor and outdoor use. These may be arranged vertically or inclined, for example, correspondingly statically prepared roofs, which are able to bear the weight proportion of the loose material and the retaining elements formed by the inclination are provided with wall cladding according to the invention. It may even be advantageous to let the retaining elements in the form of lattices over the loose material in the background, allow larger mesh sizes than the grain size of the loose material, if due to the strong inclination of the roof slipping of the loose material of itself largely can be prevented. Façades in the sense of the invention can, in addition to building walls and freestanding walls that can serve for example, the delimitation and interior design, be.

The retaining elements are made of conventional building materials such as metal, for example in the form of steel, aluminum, alloys and the like, plastic, such as PVC, polyester, polycarbonates and the like and wood and its processing products in the form of lattices whose permeability and design depends on the intended use , As a particularly advantageous metallic lattice have proved as retaining elements whose mesh size is adapted to the grain size of the loose material, so that the loose material is securely retained. The metallic grids may be spot weld grids, steel mats or the like, which may be protected against corrosion by means of galvanizing, paint, electrochemical passivation and the like, or may be made of corrosion resistant materials such as stainless steel.

As a fastener all types of spacers can be used, which allow a safe and uniform spacing of the retaining elements of the facade. For example, spacers made of steel can be used, which are fastened by means of dowels on the facade and with the retaining elements, for example, form, material and / or frictionally connected. Have to do this Fittings, catches and hooks especially proven. For example, an anchor can be doweled into the facade and then bolted or hooked to the retaining element. Advantageously, a plurality of spacers are introduced into the facade and then hung and fixed the associated retaining element. To set a constant distance of the retaining elements to the façade, the depth of engagement of the spacers in the facade can be adjusted accordingly and / or the retaining element can be attached to the spacer while maintaining the desired distance to the facade. A readjustable spacer can also be advantageous. It is understood that the spacers can be made according to corrosion protection or made of appropriate corrosion-resistant material. The method of attaching the fasteners to the facade depends largely on the nature of the façade. Appropriately available on the market means such as dowels, adhesive anchors and the like are used advantageously adapted to the situation.

Depending on the desired result, the loose material can be selected. Advantageous embodiments may contain bulk material, which can be easily backfilled accordingly. The grain shape may be pebbly or slag-like, rounded or angular. For example, the loose material of mineral nature, such as natural stone, artificial stone, concrete or the like, wherein to achieve optical effects corresponding rock types such as granite, marble, quartz, etc. can be used. The materials may have insulating properties, for example, high-density materials suitable for sound insulation, correspondingly low-density thermal insulating materials or mixtures thereof may be used. Alternatively or additionally, different color nuances can be used or mixed with each other. Grains on a mineral and / or plastic basis, which are dyed differently, have proven to be particularly advantageous, wherein separating sheets or grids are fed into the filling volume in order to achieve special optical effects for the separation of individual façade surfaces can be made so that geometric shapes of different colored areas in different shapes such as triangles, diamonds, circles and more complicated figures can be made. It may also be advantageous to fill the filling volume only partially, so that appropriately prepared facades are visible from the background. Furthermore, it may be advantageous if - in particular in the region of the base - end plates or grids are used, with which the wall panel can be designed with distance to the ground. Also, alternatively or additionally, the base with other materials, colors or shapes of the loose material can be deducted from the rest of the facade by the base is first heaped up and optionally additionally separated with a base plate from the rest of the filling volume. Such means at the conclusion of the retention member may support the retention of the loose material and, alternatively or additionally, the retention member and / or be axially spaced from the facade. For example, if sheets or grids are used with an upwardly executed board or with spaced over the length of these means and formed upwardly segments, a maximum distance can be set when these rest the retention elements. If at this point grooves or segments are provided with supports with respect to the distance from the facade in both directions, the retaining element can be set to a predeterminable distance from the facade at least at the lower end of the retaining element. It is understood that such means can also be used in the area of window and door cutouts, at the upper end of the retaining elements or at any points of the retaining element for stabilizing it. These said means can be attached to the facade, for example, be pegged. For this purpose, for example, longitudinal profiles are suitable with two mutually parallel contact surfaces, on the one hand the facade and on the other hand the retaining element come to rest, the two spacer surfaces are brought by an intermediate profile to the desired distance to form the filling volume. Advantageous design examples may be U-profiles, double angle profiles, for example in double-T or S-shape and the like. For fixation the retaining elements in both directions can be issued from the contact surfaces or the intermediate profile corresponding tabs.

Figur 1

eine schematische Teilansicht eines Ausgestaltungsbeispiels einer Wandverkleidung,

Figur 2

einen Schnitt durch ein Ausgestaltungsbeispiel einer Wandverkleidung,

Figur 3

eine schematische Teilansicht eines gegenüber der Figur 1 abgeänderten Ausgestaltungsbeispiels einer Wandverkleidung,

Figur 4

eine Ansicht des Ausgestaltungsbeispiels der Figur 3 mit Angaben zum Verlauf der Schnittlinien A-A und B-B,

Figur 5

einen Schnitt durch das Ausgestaltungsbeispiel der Figur 4 entlang der Schnittlinie A-A,

Figur 6

einen Schnitt durch das Ausgestaltungsbeispiel der Figur 4 entlang der Schnittlinie B-B,

und Figuren 7 bis 9

Details zum Ausgestaltungsbeispiel der Figur 6.

The invention is based on the FIGS. 1 to 9 explained in more detail. Showing:

FIG. 1

a schematic partial view of an embodiment of a wall covering,

FIG. 2

a section through an embodiment of a wall paneling,

FIG. 3

a schematic partial view of the opposite FIG. 1 modified embodiment of a wall cladding,

FIG. 4

a view of the embodiment of the FIG. 3 with information on the course of the section lines AA and BB,

FIG. 5

a section through the embodiment of the FIG. 4 along the section line AA,

FIG. 6

a section through the embodiment of the FIG. 4 along the section line BB,

and FIGS. 7 to 9

Details of the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 6 ,

FIG. 1 shows a schematically illustrated as a detail embodiment example of a wall covering 1, which is applied to a facade 2. In the example shown, the facade 2 is interrupted by a cutout 5, in which a window 6 is installed.

Ideally, constant distance to the facade 2, the retaining element 1a is arranged in the form of the grating 7, which in the embodiment shown preferably horizontally oriented, mutually parallel rods 8, for example, two perpendicular to both sides of the substantially vertically extending rods May be 9 attached rods, said rods 8, 9 are each preferably connected to each other in parallel and in each case the same distance, whereby the grid 7 is formed. For aesthetic reasons, the ratio of the spacing of the bars 9 to the spacing of the bars 8 can be made different, for example, in Shown embodiment shown a grid 7, which has in the horizontal direction comparatively narrow and in the vertical direction widened mesh. It will be appreciated that further embodiments may be practiced with other mesh shapes and types of mesh, such as spot welds or steel wire mesh. Advantageously, the size of the mesh depends on the minimum grain size of the loose material 16 introduced into the filling volume 1b formed between the facade 2 and the grid 7 (see FIG FIG. 2 ) as filling material, wherein with approximately round material, the leakage of filler material can be prevented even if the narrower - here the horizontal - mesh size is narrower than the maximum diameter of the grains of the filler material.

The grid 7 is spaced from the facade 2 of this by means of fasteners 10 - shown is exemplified and schematically for a variety according to the grid distributed means distributed means only one fastener - this depending, for example, the load capacity of the facade 2, the weight of the retaining elements, from the burden of these by the filler material, the slope of the facade 2, the distance of the retaining elements from the facade and other influencing parameters in number and strength over the surface of the facade or the retaining elements are distributed. Experience has shown that dowel and / or adhesive anchoring constructions or similar are suitable for connection to the facade 2, wherein the fastening means 10, for example screwed at the other end to the grid 7, hooked or the grid 7 are suspended in this.

In the illustrated embodiment, the cutout 5 for the window 6 without cladding for the window suctions 3 and at the neck 5 with the Fensterleibungen 3 practically aligned, resulting from the cutout 5 spacer surfaces 4 between the facade 2 and grid 7 is shown. Corresponding panels and retaining means for closing the spacer surfaces 6 against leakage of filling material can be mounted in preferably combined form for window siding and spacer surfaces as sheets or grids. As has proven particularly advantageous if at the bottom of the window 6 a according to be provided window sill is pulled over the grid 7. In particular, for aesthetic and / or long-term stability guaranteeing reasons, exemplary embodiments may be provided such that the sill and, alternatively or additionally, one or more window suctions 3 and / or spacer surfaces 4 are made of natural or artificial stone material, preferably of the same or similar material, from which also the filling material consists.

The embodiment shown shows at the lower end of the grid 7, a longitudinal profile 11, which is attached to the facade, for example by means of screws 12. In cross-section, the longitudinal profile 11 is angled with a leg 13 for engagement with the facade 2 and a practically perpendicular thereto arranged leg 14, which serves to separate the grid 7 of the facade and the retention of the filling material is formed. A leg 15 upwardly directed nose 15 serves to stop the grid. 7

For the design of complete facades, the grid 7 may be composed of several sub-elements, wherein the grid parts may be interconnected, overlapping or abutting one another and the facade dimensions can be adjusted by appropriate cutting.

FIG. 2 represents a section of a wall panel 1 in longitudinal section and slightly modified. In contrast to the lower part and to FIG. 1 the facade 2 additionally has an insulating layer 2a. This can extend over the entire facade 2. Between the grid 7 and the facade 2 or insulating layer 2a loose material 16 is introduced, which is shown stylized here as a grain material with almost uniform grain size. In the cutout 5, which is associated with a corresponding lattice cutout 7a, the window 6 is introduced. On the window 6, a window sill 6a or window sill is attached - screwed here - which extends beyond the grid 7 out and is angled downwards at the outer end. The spacer surface 4 between insulating layer 2a and grid 7 is sealed by means of a retaining means, so that the loose material 16 can not escape.

FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of an advantageous wall covering 1 with respect to the embodiment of the FIG. 1 modified details, which can be used individually or in combination.

For cladding a cutout 5, for example a cutout for a window 6 or a door, trim parts 7b, for example of sheet metal or plastic, may be provided on the soffits of the cutout 5, the window revealings of the facade 2 and the clearance between the grid 7 and the facade 2 in FIG Dress or close the area of the cut-out 5. These may be supported or fixed directly to the frame of the window and have a bevel 7c, which terminates with the grid 7. Advantageously, viewed from the outside, the fold 7c is placed over the grid 7, so that after filling the space between the facade 2 and grid 7 this rests against the bends with bias. In the lower area, the panel can be designed as a window sill 6b, whose fold is pulled out beyond the grid 7, so that a drip edge is formed at a distance from the grid 7.

FIG. 3 further shows two advantageous embodiments of a conclusion of the grid 7 at its outer boundary. One possibility is the design of the conclusion 17 by a folding of the grid 7 to the facade 2. For this purpose, the grid 7 is provided with at least one edge 17a, which is bent in the direction of the facade 2, wherein in the embodiment shown on the facade, a further Umkantung , whereby a U-shaped conclusion takes place. Alternatively, a conclusion of the free space on an edge of the facade 2 by a cover plate 18 done.

The execution of the wall covering 1 on edges of the facade 2 can be done in such a way that a portion of the grid 7 is pulled over the edge of the facade 2 to an overhang, so that the wall covering, which forms the other wall surface of the facade, dull on the overhang can be mounted on push. Advantageously, the overhang is formed by wall terminations in the form of a conclusion 17 or the end plate 18, so that the grids 7 can be attached at the ends of each of the respective surfaces on the edge of the facade 2.

FIG. 4 shows the embodiment of the wall covering 1 in plan view to illustrate the section lines AA and BB, in the following FIGS. 5 and 6 be explained in more detail.

The vertical section A-A through the wall covering 1 illustrates the positioning of the trim parts 7b and the sill 6b. The trim parts 7b are mounted in abutment with the window frame 6c or embedded in this. Seals between trim parts 7b and window frame 6c and the manner of attachment of the trim parts 7b on the window frame and / or on the facade can be done in a conventional manner by screwing, dowelling, gluing or the like. The window sill 6b may be inclined relative to the window frame 6c.

FIG. 6 shows a horizontal section BB of FIG. 4 with the details C, D, E, in the FIGS. 7 to 9 be explained in more detail. Across from FIG. 4 the design of the panel is shown differently. Instead of the covering part 7b is a panel by means of a natural part plate 7d shown.

The detail C of the FIG. 7 illustrates the completion of the grid 7 and its conclusion 17. The grid is folded twice in the illustrated embodiment at the end, so that a beveled surface 17b comes directly to the facade to the plant. Preferably, this surface can be fixed to the facade, for example by means of dowels, so that the conclusion is connected stably with the facade 2.

Detail D the FIG. 8 shows a modified conclusion of the wall covering 1 at a section on the example of a section for a window with a window frame 6c in the form of a natural stone slab 7d. In other similar embodiments, such a plate may also be made of artificial stone, concrete or building materials with a greater thickness than sheet or plastic. The natural stone slab 7d is preferably brought into abutment with the window frame 6c and fastened to the facade 2. In addition, an attachment, for example by means of an attached between the grid 7 and the stone plate 7d angle 7e, be provided on the grating 7, wherein the angle in turn to the natural stone plate 7d screwed and under bias after filling the filling volume 1 b can be supported on the grid 7.

FIG. 9 shows in detail E a mounting plate 18 which forms a conclusion for the grid 7. The end plate 18 has two legs 18a, 18b, one attached to the facade 2 and the other is supported on the grid 7 or attached thereto. It may be advantageous if flaps are issued on the leg 18a, which can be latched to the grid bars of the grid 7. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS 1 wall covering 7e angle 1a Retaining element 8th Rod 1b Filling volume 9 Rod 2 facade 10 fastener 2a damp course 11 longitudinal profile 3 window frames 12 screw 4 clearances 13 leg 5 neckline 14 leg 6 window 15 nose 6a windowsill 16 Loose material 6b windowsill 17 graduation 6c window frame 17a edge 7 grid 17b area 7a grid cut 18 closing panel 7b cowling 18a leg 7c fold 18b leg

Claims (11)

1. Façade system comprising a façade (2) and a wall covering (1) consisting of at least one planar retaining element (1a) in the form of a lattice (7), fastening means (10) for fastening the retaining element (1a) to the façade (2), and loose material (16), characterized in that the planar retaining element (1a) is mounted at a distance on the façade (2) by means of the fastening means (10), thereby forming a filling volume (1b) delimited by the façade (2) and the retaining element (1a), and the loose material (16) is introduced into the filling volume (1b).
2. Façade system according to Claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of retaining elements (1a) are arranged against one another to areally cover the façade (2).
3. Façade system according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the retaining element (1a) is bent towards the façade (2) at a cutout (5) of the façade (2) and/or a plurality of spacing surfaces (4) occurring between the retaining element (1a) and façade (2) are closed by means of closure elements (7b) mounted separately on the retaining element (1a) or the façade (2).
4. Façade system according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that spacing surfaces (4) occurring between the façade (2) and retaining element (1a) are closed by means of closure elements mounted separately on the retaining element (1a) and/or façade (2) and/or in that a termination (17) of the lattice (7) is folded over towards the façade.
5. Façade system according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the closure elements are lattices, metal sheets, covering parts (7b), mineral panels and/or panels consisting of plastic.
6. Façade system according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the lattice (7) consists of metal.
7. Façade system according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the fastening means (10) are spacers which are fitted into the façade (2) and accommodate the retaining element (1a) at a fixed distance from the façade (2).
8. Façade system according to Claim 7, characterized in that the fastening means (10) are accommodated in the façade (2) by means of dowels.
9. Façade system according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the loose material (16) consists of mineral material.
10. Façade system according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the loose material (16) consists of heat-insulating material.
11. Use of a lattice (7) in a façade system according to Claims 1 to 10.

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