DK1927706T3

DK1927706T3 - Wall lining for a facade

Info

Publication number: DK1927706T3
Application number: DK07018454.4T
Authority: DK
Inventors: Nino F Moretti; Josef Karcher
Original assignee: Stones & More Gmbh & Co Kg
Priority date: 2006-12-02
Filing date: 2007-09-20
Publication date: 2014-12-15
Also published as: DE102006057175A1; EP1927706A2; SI1927706T1; ES2525426T3; PL1927706T3; EP1927706A3; EP1927706B1

Description

The invention relates to a fagade system according to the preamble of Claim 1. A generic fagade system is known from DE 202005010395 U in which pre-bent wire baskets are filled with loose mineral material, wherein said wire baskets are suspended on rails which are attached for this purpose to a fagade. If the wire baskets are suitably strung together and sized, a closed covering of the fagade with a view of the bulk material is produced for the visual design of the fagade. EP 1 426 521 A2 discloses a fagade structure for a wall in which wire baskets are suspended above and alongside one another by means of brackets suspended in load-receiving parts of the wall. The filling volume of the wire baskets is specified in each case by delimiting walls of the wire baskets spaced apart from the fagade on the fagade side. So that the wire baskets are not prevented from being filled, the wire basket is fastened to the fagade on the delimiting wall on the fagade side by means of brackets arranged substantially outside the wire baskets.

Wire baskets of similar but narrow design, each having delimiting walls facing the fagade and turned away and spaced apart therefrom to create a filling capacity are known from DE 202 07 327 U1.

The problem addressed by the invention is that of developing a fagade system.

The problem is solved by the features of Claim 1. The filling volume can be filled by pouring and then shaking to achieve consolidated packing.

It is advantageous in this case that only a wall consisting of one or a plurality of retaining elements lying adjacent to or overlapping one another spaced apart from the fagade in planar fashion is necessary to form the filling volume in front of the fagade, wherein the filling volume is delimited at the other opposite side by the fagade itself. By omitting the delimiting walls on the fagade side and also using individual carrying baskets of the contact surfaces of these to one another, material savings can be made. Furthermore, the fastening of the substantially planar retaining elements by correspondingly designed fastening means is simple, since depending on adequate structural analysis, no additional requirements in terms of the positioning of said fastening means has to be taken into account. Furthermore, additional bending work can be dispensed with and the filling volume can be filled as a whole over a wide extension of the fagade. The retaining elements in this case do not essentially require prefabrication; instead, it may be advantageous for retaining elements available as standard goods to be used in standardized and therefore cost-effective sizes and shapes. Furthermore, only the fastening means and not the retaining elements themselves need be adapted to different distances from the fagade. Furthermore, it may be advantageous for economical working, for example, if the filling volume is initially formed at least over large parts of the fagade by attaching the retaining elements and then filled with loose material.

The static requirements for a fastening of the retaining elements to the fagade may also be advantageous in that the retaining elements do not have to bear the entire load of the material introduced into the filling volume, but only forces which arise due to the moving of the retaining elements away from the fagade under the pressure of the loose material. This means that the attachment of the retaining elements to the fagade is simply configured, to the extent that lower carrying forces have to be withstood in the vertical direction. This may be particularly advantageous if the bottom of the fagade exhibits a somewhat low carrying force, for example because it is brittle or because insulating materials with a lower load- bearing capacity are applied.

The wall covering offers advantages, particularly when a fagade is to be configured to offer a uniform visual appearance. In this case, the fagade can be inherently irregular and it also does not need to exhibit a uniform carrying and adhesion capacity, as may be necessary in the case of plastering or other wet-on-wet methods of applying a top layer to the fagade. In order to achieve a weather-resistant transitional phase between the fagade and the loose material, a film that may be breathable or impermeable to air can be inserted in between.

The wall covering is advantageously formed from a plurality of retaining elements which are arranged alongside one another and, if necessary, may be arranged in an overlapping manner to achieve greater stability and/or may be connected to one another. In specially configured applications, a plurality of layers of the same or different materials may form a surface of a retaining element.

Cutouts or recesses in the fagade, for example at windows, doors and the like, can be provided in a particularly simple manner, in that the retaining elements are cut out and folded over or bent back towards the fagade at these regions which are to be kept free, so that the filling volume is at least partially closed in respect of the fagade. In addition or alternatively, it may be provided that the openings of the filling volume occurring in the region of the cutouts between the fagade and the retaining element or retaining elements are closed by means of corresponding coverings or angles in the form of panels, metal sheet or lattices and the like, which are connected to the fagade and/or the retaining elements, for example screwed, dowelled, welded or locked. In the interests of visual enhancement in particular, these openings or spacing surfaces between the fagade and retaining elements can be closed using natural or artificial stone tiles, plastic panels made of reinforced or simple thermoplastics, thermosetting plastics and the like, for example. Reveals and, in particular, window ledges or sills may be advantageously configured in this way.

It is clear that corners or edges of the fagade can be used for connecting fagade areas arranged at angles to one another or else means such as angles or coverings can be used at the retaining elements following these corners or edges, which means are fastened to at least one retaining element and the retaining elements can terminate relative one another, stabilize or position relative to one another. For this purpose, connections acting correspondingly to one another, such as hook-and-eye attachments, or in addition or alternatively corresponding locks can be attached to the retaining elements at the retaining elements themselves.

In an advantageous manner, the wall covering can be used for all kinds of fagades in both the interior and exterior sectors. These may be arranged vertically or inclined; for example, correspondingly statically prepared roofs which are capable of bearing the weight proportion of the loose material resulting from the incline and the retaining elements may also be provided with wall coverings according to the invention. It may even be advantageous in this case, so that the retaining elements in the form of lattices move into the background in respect of the loose material, to allow greater mesh widths than the grain size of the loose material, if the sharp pitch of the roof is itself largely capable of preventing a slide of the lose material. Fagades within the meaning of the invention may also be freestanding walls, as well as building walls, which freestanding walls can be used for delimitation and interior design, for example.

The retaining elements are produced from customary building materials, such as metal in the form of steel, aluminium, alloys and the like, for example, plastic, for example PVC, polyester, polycarbonates and the like and wood and processing products thereof in the form of lattices, for example, the permeability and configuration whereof is dependent on the intended use in each case. Metallic lattices have proved particularly advantageous as retaining elements, the mesh width of said lattices being adapted to the grain size of the loose material, so that the loose material is reliably retained. The metallic lattices may be weld-point lattices, steel mats or the like, which are protected from corrosion by means of galvanizing, painting, electrochemical passivation and the like or may consist of corrosion-resistant materials such as high-grade steel, for example.

All kinds of spacers which allow safe and uniform spacing of the retaining elements from the fagade can be used as the fastening means. For example, steel spacers are used which are fastened to the fagade by means of dowels and are connected to the retaining elements, for example in a form-fitted, substance-bonded and/or frictional manner. Screw fastenings, catch mechanisms and hooks have proved particularly successful for this purpose. Hence, for example, an anchor may be dowelled into the fagade and then screwed or hooked to the retaining element. A plurality of spacers is advantageously introduced into the fagade, after which the associated retaining element is suspended and fixed. To set a constant distance between the retaining elements and the fagade, the screw-in depth of the spacers into the fagade can be set accordingly and/or the retaining element fastened to the spacer while observing the required distance dimension to the fagade. A readjustable spacer may also be advantageous. It is clear that the spacers can also be produced in a correspondingly corrosion-protected manner or from corresponding corrosion-resistant material. The way of attaching the fastening means to the fagade is largely dependent on the nature of the fagade. Suitable means that are commercially available, such as dowels, adhesive anchors and the like, are advantageously used in a situation-adapted manner.

The loose material can be selected according to the desired outcome. Advantageous embodiments may contain loose material which is correspondingly easy to backfill. In this case, the granular form may be flint-like or slag-like, rounded or square. For example, the loose material may be mineral in nature, for example natural stone, artificial stone, concrete or the like, wherein corresponding kinds of stone, such as granite, marble, quartz, etc., are used to achieve visual effects. The materials may exhibit insulating properties, for example materials suitable for sound-damping with a high density, heat-insulating materials with a correspondingly low density or mixtures thereof can be used. Alternatively or in addition, different shades of colour can be used or mixed with one another. Grains with a mineral and/or synthetic base which are of different colours have proved particularly visually advantageous, wherein in order to achieve special visual effects to separate individual areas of the fagade, separating sheets or lattices can be included in the filling volume, so that geometric forms in differently coloured areas can be produced in different shapes such as, for example, triangles, diamonds, circles and complicated figures. It may also be advantageous for the filling volume to be filled only partially, so that correspondingly prepared facades are visible from the background. Furthermore, it may be advantageous - particularly close to the base - for finishing plates or lattices to be used, with which the wall covering can be configured spaced apart from the floor. Alternatively or in addition, the base can also be ended using loose material in different material, colours or shapes from the remaining facade, in that the base is filled up first and optionally separated from the remaining filling volume in addition using a base plate. Means of this kind at the termination of the retaining element can support retention of the loose material and, alternatively or additionally, the retaining element and/or be spaced apart from the fagade axially. If, for example, metal sheets or lattices with an upwardly configured edge or with segments spaced apart over the length of these means and upwardly configured are used, a maximum distance can be set when the retaining elements are brought to bear against said metal sheets or lattices. If at this point grooves or segments with supports are provided in respect of the distance from the fagade in both directions, the retaining element may be set at a predeterminable distance from the fagade, at least at the lower termination of the retaining element. It is clear that means of this kind can also be used in the region of window and door cutouts, at the upper termination of the retaining elements or at any points of the retaining element for the stabilization thereof. These aforementioned means can be fastened to the fagade, doweled for example. Longitudinal profiles with two bearing faces running parallel to one another are suitable for this, for example, against which bearing surfaces the fagade, on the one hand, and the retaining element, on the other, come to bear, wherein the two spacing surfaces are brought by an intermediate profile to the desired distance for forming the filling volume. Advantageous exemplary embodiments may be U-profiles, double-angle profiles, for example in double-T or S-form and the like. In order to fix the retaining elements in both directions, corresponding lugs can be extended from the bearing surfaces or the intermediate profile.

The invention is explained in greater detail with the help of Figures 1 to 9. In the figures:

Figure 1 shows a schematic partial view of an exemplary embodiment of a wall covering,

Figure 2 shows a section through an exemplary embodiment of a wall covering,

Figure 3 shows a schematic partial view of an exemplary embodiment of a wall covering modified with respect to Figure 1,

Figure 4 shows a view of the exemplary embodiment in Figure 3 indicating the path of the lines of intersection A-A and B-B, Figure 5 shows a section through the exemplary embodiment in Figure 4 along the line of intersection A-A,

Figure 6 shows a section through the exemplary embodiment in

Figure 4 along the line of intersection B-B, and

Figures 7 to 9 show details of the exemplary embodiment in Figure 6.

Figure 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a wall covering 1 which is attached to a fagade 2 depicted schematically as a cutout. In the exemplary shown, the fagade 2 is interrupted by a cutout 5, into which a window 6 is fitted.

The retaining element la in the form of the lattice 7 is ideally arranged at a constant distance from the fagade 2, which retaining element in the exemplary embodiment shown preferably horizontally oriented bars 8 running parallel to one another which, for example, may be made up of two bars attached perpendicularly on both sides of the substantially perpendicularly running bars 9, wherein these bars 8, 9 are each connected to one another preferably parallel to one another and at the same distance from one another in each case, as a result of which the lattice 7 is formed. For aesthetic reasons, the ratio of the distance of the bars 9 to the distances of the bars 8 may be differently configured, for example a lattice 7 is depicted in the exemplary embodiment shown which exhibits comparatively narrow meshes in a horizontal direction widening in a vertical direction. It is clear that further exemplary embodiments with different mesh shapes and lattice types, such as weld-point lattices or steel wire braiding, for example, can be realized. The size of the meshes is advantageously determined by the minimum grain size of the loose material 16 (see Figure 2) introduced as filling material into the filling volume lb formed between the fagade 2 and the lattice 7, wherein in the case of approximately round material, the discharge of filling material can be prevented when the narrower - in this case the horizontal -mesh width is narrower than the maximum diameter of the grains of the filling material.

The lattice 7 is spaced apart from the fagade 2, mounted thereon by way of fastening means 10 - only one fastening means is shown by way of example and schematically for a plurality of means distributed correspondingly over the lattice - wherein said fastening means are dependent on, for example, the carrying capacity of the fagade 2, the weight of the retaining elements on the loading of these by the filling material, the inclination of the fagade 2 on the distance of the retaining elements from the fagade and further influencing parameters are distributed in number and strength over the surface of the fagade or else the retaining elements. Experience has shown that dowel and/or adhesive anchor constructions or similar are suitable for connection to the fagade 2, wherein the fastening means 10 are screwed or hooked to the lattice 7 at the other end or the lattices 7 are suspended therein.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the cutout 5 for the window 6 is depicted without a covering for the reveals 3 and the spacing surfaces at the cutout 5 practically flush with the reveals 3 between the fagade 2 and the lattice 7. Corresponding coverings and retaining means for closing the spacing surfaces 6 to prevent the discharge of filling material may be mounted in a preferably combined form for reveals and spacing surfaces as metal sheets or lattices. It has proved particularly advantageous for a window sill provided accordingly on the underside of the window 6 to be drawn out over the lattice 7. Out of aesthetic considerations in particular and/or to guarantee long-term stability, exemplary embodiments can be provided such that the window sill and, alternatively or additionally, one or a plurality of reveals 3 and/or the spacing surfaces 4 are made of natural or artificial stone material, preferably the same or a similar material as that from which the filling material is also made.

The embodiment shown exhibits on the lower termination of the lattice 7 a longitudinal profile 11 which is mounted on the fagade by means of screws 12, for example. In cross section, the longitudinal profile 11 is configured in angular fashion with a side piece 13 for bearing against the fagade 2 and a side piece 14 arranged practically at right angles thereto which serves to space the lattice 7 apart from the fagade and to retain the filling material. An upwardly facing nose 15 on the side piece 14 is used as a stop for the lattice 7.

In order to configure complete fagades, the lattice 7 may be assembled from a plurality of partial elements, wherein the lattice parts can be connected to one another, overlap one another or butt up to one another and the fagade dimensions can be adapted by corresponding cutting.

Figure 2 represents a cutout of a wall covering 1 in longitudinal section and in easily modified form. Unlike the lower part and Figure 1, the fagade 2 also exhibits an insulating layer 2a. This may extend over the entire fagade 2. Loose material 16 is introduced between the lattice 7 and the fagade 2 or else the insulating layer 2a, which material is represented here in stylized form as grain material with a virtually uniform grain size. The window 6 is fitted into the cutout 5, to which a corresponding lattice cutout 7a is assigned. A window sill 6a or else a window ledge is mounted -screwed in this case - on the window 6, which sill or ledge extends out beyond the lattice 7 and is angled downwards at the outer end. The spacing surface 4 between the insulating layer 2a and the lattice 7 is sealed by way of a retaining means, so that the loose material 16 is unable to escape.

Figure 3 shows a further embodiment of an advantageous wall covering 1 with modified details compared with the exemplary embodiment in Figure 1, which can be used in each case alone or in combination.

In order to cover a cutout 5, for example a cutout for a window 6 or a door, covering parts 7b, made of sheet metal or plastic, for example, are provided at the reveals of the cutout 5 which cover or close the reveals of the fagade 2 and the space between the lattice 7 and the fagade 2 in the region of the cutout 5. These may be supported or fastened straight onto the window frame and have a chamfer 7c which terminates with the lattice 7. The chamfer 7c is advantageously laid over the lattice 7, viewed from outside, so that once the free space between the fagade 2 and the lattice 7 has been filled, this lies adjacent to the chamfers with preload. In the lower region, the covering may be configured as a window sill 6b, the chamfer whereof is drawn out over the lattice 7, so that a drip edge is formed spaced apart from the lattice 7.

Figure 3 furthermore shows two advantageous embodiments of a termination of the lattice 7 at the outer delimitation thereof. One possibility involves shaping the termination 17 by folding over the lattice 7 towards the fagade 2. The lattice 7 is provided with at least one edge 17a for this purpose, which is bent in the direction of the fagade 2, wherein in the exemplary embodiment shown there is a further folding over at the fagade, as a result of which a U-shaped termination is created. Alternatively, a termination of the free space at one edge of the fagade 2 may be created by a finishing plate 18.

The embodiment of the wall covering 1 at edges of the fagade 2 may be such that part of the lattice 7 is extended over the edge of the fagade 2 into an overhang, so that the wall covering which forms the other wall surface of the fagade can be butted up to the overhang in a blunt manner. The overhang is advantageously formed by wall terminations in the form of a termination 17 or the finishing plate 18, so that the lattices 7 can each be fastened at their ends to the respective surfaces at the edge of the fagade 2.

Figure 4 shows the exemplary embodiment of the wall covering 1 as a plan view to illustrate the lines of intersection A-A and B-B which are explained in greater detail in the following Figures 5 and 6.

The perpendicular section A-A through the wall covering 1 illustrates the positioning of the covering parts 7b and the window sill 6b. The covering parts 7b are butted up to the window frames 6c or fitted therein. Seals between covering parts 7b and window frames 6c and also the nature of the fastening of the covering parts 7b to the window frame and/or to the fagade can take place in the customary manner by screwfastening, doweling, bonding or the like. The window sill 6b may be mounted on an incline in relation to the window frame 6c.

Figure 6 shows a horizontal section B-B in Figure 4 with the details C, D, E which are explained in greater detail in Figures 7 to 9. Compared with Figure 4, the covering is depicted with a different design. Rather than the covering part 7b, a covering by means of a natural stone tile 7d is depicted.

Detail C in Figure 7 illustrates the termination of the lattice 7 and the termination 17 thereof. The lattice in the exemplary embodiment shown is folded back twice at the end, so that a bent surface 17b bears right against the fagade. This surface may preferably be fastened to the fagade by means of dowels, for example, so that the termination is rigidly connected to the fagade 2.

Detail D in Figure 8 shows a modified termination of the wall covering 1 at a cutout based on the example of a cutout for a window with a window frame 6c in the form of a natural stone tile 7d. In further similar exemplary embodiments, a tile of this kind may also be made of artificial stone, concrete or building materials with a greater thickness than sheet metal or plastic. The natural stone tile 7d is preferably butted up to the window frame 6c and fastened to the fagade 2. In addition, a fastening to the lattice 7, for example by means of an angle 7e mounted between the lattice 7 and the natural stone tile 7d, is provided, wherein the angle is in turn screwed to the natural stone tile 7d and can be supported on the lattice 7 under preload once the filling volume lb has been filled.

Figure 9 shows in detail E a fastening metal sheet 18 which creates a termination for the lattice 7. The finishing plate 18 has two side pieces 18a, 18b, wherein one is fastened to a fagade 2 and the other supported by the lattice 7 or fastened thereto. It may be advantageous for lugs to extend from the side pieces 18a which can be locked with the lattice bars of the lattice 7.

List of reference numbers 1 Wall covering 7e Angle la Retaining element 8 Bar lb Filling volume 9 Bar 2 Fagade 10 Fastening means 2a Insulating layer 11 Longitudinal profile 3 Reveals 12 Screws 4 Spacing surfaces 13 Side piece 5 Cutout 14 Side piece 6 Window 15 Nose 6a Window sill 16 Loose material 6b Window sill 17 Termination 6c Window frame 17a Edge 7 Lattice 17b Surface 7a Lattice cutout 18 Finishing plate 7b Covering part 18a Side piece 7c Chamfer 18b Side piece

Claims

A facade system comprising a facade (2) and a wall covering (1), said facade system consisting of at least one flat holding member (1a) in the form of a grid (7), fastening means (10) for securing said holding member (1a) to the facade (2) and loose material (16), characterized in that the plane retaining element (1a) is mounted at a distance from the facade (2) by means of the fastening means (10) in order to form a filling volume (1b), which is delimited by the facade (2) and the retaining element (1a), and wherein the loose material (16) is arranged in filling volume (1b).

Facade system according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of holding elements (1a) are arranged side by side to completely cover the facade (2).

Facade system according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the holding element (1a) is bent towards the facade (2) by a cutout (5) in the facade (2), and / or that a plurality of spacer surfaces (4) arising between the holding element (1a) and the facade (2) is closed by means of closing elements (7b) which are mounted separately on the holding element (1a) or the facade (2).

Facade system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the spacer surfaces (4) formed between the facade (2) and the holding element (1a) are closed by means of closing elements mounted on the holding element (1a). ) and / or the facade (2), and / or know that one end (17) of the grille (7) is bent in the direction toward the facade.

Facade system according to any one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the closing elements are grids, metal plates, coating parts (7b), mineral plates and / or plates consisting of plastic.

Facade system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the grating (7) consists of metal.

Facade system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the fastening means (10) are spacers mounted in the facade (2) and which hold the retaining element (1a) at a fixed distance from the facade (2). .

Facade system according to claim 7, characterized in that the fastening means (19) are retained in the facade (2) by means of dowels.

Facade system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the loose material (16) consists of mineral material.

Facade system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the loose material (16) consists of heat insulating material.

Use of a grid (7) in a facade system according to any one of claims 1 to 10.