EP1922426B1 - Verfahren zur herstellung und verwendung von halbzeug auf nickelbasis mit rekristallisationswürfeltextur - Google Patents

Verfahren zur herstellung und verwendung von halbzeug auf nickelbasis mit rekristallisationswürfeltextur Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1922426B1
EP1922426B1 EP06725088.6A EP06725088A EP1922426B1 EP 1922426 B1 EP1922426 B1 EP 1922426B1 EP 06725088 A EP06725088 A EP 06725088A EP 1922426 B1 EP1922426 B1 EP 1922426B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
semifinished product
nickel
strip
recrystallization
texture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP06725088.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1922426A1 (de
Inventor
Jörg EICKEMEYER
Dietmar Selbmann
Horst Wendrock
Bernhard Holzapfel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Leibniz Institut fuer Festkorper und Werkstofforschung Dresden eV
Original Assignee
Leibniz Institut fuer Festkorper und Werkstofforschung Dresden eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Leibniz Institut fuer Festkorper und Werkstofforschung Dresden eV filed Critical Leibniz Institut fuer Festkorper und Werkstofforschung Dresden eV
Publication of EP1922426A1 publication Critical patent/EP1922426A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1922426B1 publication Critical patent/EP1922426B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/10Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C19/00Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B22F2003/248Thermal after-treatment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of nickel-based semi-finished products in strip or flat wire form with a recrystallization cube texture and the use of the semifinished product produced.
  • the semifinished product can be used in particular as a substrate for physico-chemical coatings with a high degree of microstructural alignment.
  • Such supports are suitable, for example, as substrates for ceramic coatings as used in the field of high temperature superconductivity. In this case, they are used in superconducting magnets, transformers, motors, tomographs or superconducting current paths.
  • Ni alloys with Mo and W DE 100 05 861 C1 . It has also been proposed to add to such Ni alloys up to a maximum of 0.3 atom% Ag ( DE 103 42 965.4 ).
  • the semi-finished product should have an elongated grain shape with stable cube texture, and the expanded grain should remain intact even after further thermal treatment at high temperatures for the purpose of oxide layer growth.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that initially a starting semi-finished product is produced by fusion metallurgy or powder metallurgy involving mechanical alloying, which consists of technically pure Ni or a Ni alloy, wherein an Ag addition in the microalloying range of at least 10 atomic ppm and a maximum of 1000 atomic ppm is contained.
  • This starting semifinished product is processed by means of a hot forming with subsequent cold working of> 50% thickness reduction to tape or flat wire with an intermediate dimension.
  • the semi-finished product is annealed in the temperature range between 500 ° C and 850 ° C annealed, the higher temperatures are used for the higher Ag contents, and then quenched. Subsequently, this intermediate is highly> 80% cold formed. Finally, a recrystallizing annealing treatment to achieve a complete cube texture is performed.
  • the final recrystallization annealing treatment is carried out at temperatures of 500 ° C to 1200 ° C, preferably at 850 ° C, depending on the alloy content in the nickel.
  • the semifinished product may advantageously be heat treated after or during the recrystallizing annealing for the purpose of growing a cube-textured NiO layer having a texture content of> 90% in an oxidizing atmosphere.
  • Ni alloy is used for the starting semi-finished product, which still contains Mo and / or W as alloying elements in addition to the Ag addition.
  • the formation of a high-grade cube texture is favored.
  • the expanded metal strip allows the growth of a highly cube textured NiO layer, which also has elongated grains.
  • the semifinished product can be used as a substrate for physico-chemical coatings with a high degree of microstructural orientation, in particular for producing wire-shaped or ribbon-shaped high-temperature superconductors.
  • the resulting nickel oxide layer has a structure with elongated grains, whose proportion with cube position is 97% ( Fig. 4 ). The proportion of small-angle grain boundaries is 96%. This texture is rotated 45 ° from the texture of the nickel strip.
  • the resulting nickel strip is then first subjected at 850 ° C a 30-minute annealing for recrystallization in a reducing atmosphere. Thereafter, the strip is treated in a second annealing for 8 minutes at 1150 ° C in a reducing atmosphere to set a thermally highly resilient cube layer.
EP06725088.6A 2005-03-16 2006-03-15 Verfahren zur herstellung und verwendung von halbzeug auf nickelbasis mit rekristallisationswürfeltextur Not-in-force EP1922426B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005013368A DE102005013368B3 (de) 2005-03-16 2005-03-16 Verfahren zur Herstellung und Verwendung von Halbzeug auf Nickelbasis mit Rekristallisationswürfeltextur
PCT/EP2006/060774 WO2006097501A1 (de) 2005-03-16 2006-03-15 Verfahren zur herstellung und verwendung von halbzeug auf nickelbasis mit rekristallisationswürfeltextur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1922426A1 EP1922426A1 (de) 2008-05-21
EP1922426B1 true EP1922426B1 (de) 2014-06-11

Family

ID=36089154

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06725088.6A Not-in-force EP1922426B1 (de) 2005-03-16 2006-03-15 Verfahren zur herstellung und verwendung von halbzeug auf nickelbasis mit rekristallisationswürfeltextur

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US8465605B2 (ko)
EP (1) EP1922426B1 (ko)
JP (1) JP5074375B2 (ko)
KR (1) KR20070112282A (ko)
CN (1) CN100523239C (ko)
DE (1) DE102005013368B3 (ko)
WO (1) WO2006097501A1 (ko)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100400700C (zh) * 2007-03-29 2008-07-09 上海大学 提高690合金材料耐腐蚀性能的工艺方法
JP5330725B2 (ja) * 2008-03-31 2013-10-30 古河電気工業株式会社 超電導線材用基板およびその製造方法
DE102008001005B4 (de) 2008-04-04 2011-06-22 Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, 76131 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Schichtverbundes mit epitaktisch gewachsenen Schichten aus einem magnetischen Formgedächtnis-Material und Schichtverbund mit epitaktischen Schichten aus einem magnetischen Formgedächtnis-Material sowie dessen Verwendung
DE102010031058A1 (de) * 2010-07-07 2012-01-12 Leibniz-Institut Für Festkörper- Und Werkstoffforschung Dresden E.V. Metallischer Profildraht mit Rekristallisationswürfeltextur und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
CN105209188B (zh) 2013-06-07 2017-10-13 Vdm金属有限公司 制备金属箔的方法
JP6388925B2 (ja) 2013-06-07 2018-09-12 ファオデーエム メタルズ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングVDM Metals GmbH 金属箔の製造方法

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58177434A (ja) * 1982-04-10 1983-10-18 Tohoku Metal Ind Ltd 耐摩耗性高透磁率磁性合金
US5741377A (en) * 1995-04-10 1998-04-21 Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. Structures having enhanced biaxial texture and method of fabricating same
US5964966A (en) * 1997-09-19 1999-10-12 Lockheed Martin Energy Research Corporation Method of forming biaxially textured alloy substrates and devices thereon
US6458223B1 (en) * 1997-10-01 2002-10-01 American Superconductor Corporation Alloy materials
DE10005861C2 (de) * 1999-04-03 2002-05-08 Dresden Ev Inst Festkoerper Metallischer Werkstoff auf Nickelbasis und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
US6617283B2 (en) * 2001-06-22 2003-09-09 Ut-Battelle, Llc Method of depositing an electrically conductive oxide buffer layer on a textured substrate and articles formed therefrom
JP2005002408A (ja) * 2003-06-11 2005-01-06 Hitachi Ltd 耐食性皮膜、海水用機器及び耐食性皮膜の形成方法
DE10342965A1 (de) 2003-09-10 2005-06-02 Leibniz-Institut Für Festkörper- Und Werkstoffforschung Dresden E.V. Halbzeug auf Nickelbasis mit einer Rekristallisationswürfeltextur und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
JP5432863B2 (ja) * 2010-08-25 2014-03-05 住友電気工業株式会社 膜形成用配向基板および超電導線材

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102005013368B3 (de) 2006-04-13
CN101142331A (zh) 2008-03-12
JP2008533301A (ja) 2008-08-21
US20090008000A1 (en) 2009-01-08
WO2006097501A1 (de) 2006-09-21
EP1922426A1 (de) 2008-05-21
JP5074375B2 (ja) 2012-11-14
KR20070112282A (ko) 2007-11-22
CN100523239C (zh) 2009-08-05
US8465605B2 (en) 2013-06-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE10005861C2 (de) Metallischer Werkstoff auf Nickelbasis und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE2462118C2 (de) Barren aus einer Aluminium-Eisen-Legierung
EP2137330B1 (de) Metallfolie
EP3004408B1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung einer metallfolie
DE102014008137B4 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Metallfolie
EP1922426B1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung und verwendung von halbzeug auf nickelbasis mit rekristallisationswürfeltextur
DE2606581A1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von metallegierungsfaeden
DE60013078T2 (de) Gegenstand aus Nickelbasislegierung mit Chrom, Bor und Silizium und dessen Verfahren zur Herstellung
DE10143680C1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Metallbändern mit hochgradiger Würfeltextur
WO2006064030A1 (de) Halbzeug auf nickelbasis mit würfeltextur und verfahren zu dessen herstellung
EP0236823A2 (de) Metallenes Halbzeug, Verfahren zur Herstellung und Verwendung des Halbzeugs
DE10342965A1 (de) Halbzeug auf Nickelbasis mit einer Rekristallisationswürfeltextur und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
EP1660250B1 (de) Verfahren zur herstellung von metallischen flachdrähten oder bändern mit würfeltextur
EP1341941B1 (de) Metallband für epitaktische beschichtungen und verfahren zu dessen herstellung
DE2222214C3 (de) Supraleiter und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE10061398C1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung metallischer Bänder
DE102010031058A1 (de) Metallischer Profildraht mit Rekristallisationswürfeltextur und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20071017

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20100921

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20140227

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 672299

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20140715

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502006013797

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20140724

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140912

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140611

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140611

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: VDEP

Effective date: 20140611

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140611

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140611

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141013

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140611

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140611

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140611

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140611

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140611

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140611

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140611

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20141011

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502006013797

Country of ref document: DE

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140611

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140611

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20150312

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502006013797

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20150312

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140611

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 502006013797

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140611

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20150315

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20150315

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20151130

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150331

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150331

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150315

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20151001

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150315

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150331

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 672299

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20150315

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150315

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140611

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20060315

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140611

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20150331

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20140611