EP1908888A2 - Bâtiments modulaires - Google Patents

Bâtiments modulaires Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1908888A2
EP1908888A2 EP07253944A EP07253944A EP1908888A2 EP 1908888 A2 EP1908888 A2 EP 1908888A2 EP 07253944 A EP07253944 A EP 07253944A EP 07253944 A EP07253944 A EP 07253944A EP 1908888 A2 EP1908888 A2 EP 1908888A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
modules
building
panels
floor
support frame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP07253944A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Kevin James Hourihan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP1908888A2 publication Critical patent/EP1908888A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34807—Elements integrated in a skeleton
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/005—Modulation co-ordination
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
    • E04F2201/0123—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels parallel to the abutting edges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
    • E04F2201/05—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins, keys or strips

Definitions

  • This invention concerns improvements in or relating to modular buildings and to a building system for constructing such modular buildings.
  • the modules are removably mounted in a frame that provides support for external cladding and roofing of the building to form the weatherproof exterior.
  • the external cladding may be removable to allow access to the modules for removal and insertion of the modules. Accordingly, the necessity for tradesmen to enter the building is greatly reduced because tradesmen can gain access to the modules from the exterior of the building by removing the appropriate cladding.
  • the modular construction of my earlier application provides flexibility for the design and construction of buildings for any desired use and enables the building to be adapted to suit changing requirements in a cost effective manner by adding new modules or exchanging existing modules for new modules.
  • the present invention provides a building comprising a support frame and a plurality of prefabricated modules received in the support frame, the modules being floor modules to form a floor and/or roof modules to form a roof.
  • Using pre-fabricated modules to form the floor and/or roof of the building produces an open-plan layout that can then be fitted out according to the design requirements of the building by the use of modular rooms as described in my afore-mentioned earlier patent application or by conventional building methods using partition walls to divide up the floor area into different rooms or sections as appropriate.
  • the floor and roof can be constructed off-site and brought to the site for installation in the support frame by any suitable means.
  • the modules may be constructed to facilitate installation of services such as pipework and wiring, for example by the provision of channels or ducts to receive the services.
  • the modules may be constructed with services built-in.
  • the modular system of the invention may be employed in single or multi-storey buildings for any purpose.
  • the invention lends itself to the construction of wide range of different types and sizes of buildings where an open plan area may be employed including, but not limited to, supermarkets, hotels, shopping arcades, airport concourses, laboratories, process plants, hospitals, data and communication buildings, schools, sports facilities, factories and the like.
  • the invention provides a method of constructing a building comprising providing a support frame for the building and inserting pre-fabricated modules into the frame to produce a floor and/or roof of desired size and shape.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 of the drawings there is shown a building 10 according to the invention of rectangular shape in plan view with an entrance 12 on one side. It will be understood that the building could have a shape other than rectangular, for example wedge shaped in plan view, and that more than one entrance may be provided.
  • the building 10 has a support frame 14 constructed and arranged to receive a range of pre-fabricated modular units.
  • the support frame 14 may be made of steel, timber, glass reinforced plastics, concrete, fibre resin or other suitable materials including combinations of different materials.
  • the modular units include pre-fabricated floor modules in the form of panels 16, pre-fabricated room modules 18 and 20, and pre-fabricated roof modules in the form of panels 24 and unit 25.
  • the floor panels 16 may be made of concrete, optionally reinforced, although other materials could be used such as resins, glass reinforced plastic, fibres, steel.
  • the floor panels 16 slide into openings in the external wall of the support frame 14 on guides or runners (not shown) to form the ground floor of the building 10.
  • the perimeters of the floor panels 16 may include a perimeter frame (not shown) to allow the panels to be joined together and sealed if necessary to give a fully finished floor module.
  • the floor panels 16 may be adapted for installation of service such as pipework or wiring.
  • the floor panels 16 may be formed with channels or ducts to receive the pipework or wiring.
  • the floor panels 16 may be fabricated with the services installed.
  • the services can be saddled to the underside of the floor supports.
  • the floor panels 16 allow the building to be constructed with an open-plan floor area of any desired size and shape. This area can be subdivided if into rooms or smaller areas if desired by partitioning or similar conventional methods.
  • the use of floor panels 16 that slide into the support frame 14 provides a simple and effective method of constructing any lay-out of open-plan floor area within the support frame to suit the requirements. Furthermore, the lay-out can be altered and/or extended by removing/replacing/adding floor panels 16, possibly with extensions to the support frame where necessary.
  • the room modules 18 are similar to those described in my earlier patent application and are slid into openings in the external wall of the support frame 14 on guides or runners to form an upper floor of the building.
  • the room modules 18 may be fitted out according to the intended application of the room.
  • Each module 18 may be a self-contained room. Alternatively, two or more adjacent modules 18 may form a single, larger room or suite of rooms.
  • the room modules 20 are designed to slide into openings in the external wall of the support frame 14 on the ground floor after insertion of the floor panels 16 and provide a quick and effective method of converting at least some of the open-plan floor area for specific uses.
  • the room modules 20 may include pre-installed equipment for the intended application of the room, for example kitchens, restaurants, fridge/freezers, offices, bakeries, shop units, toilets, plant rooms etc.
  • Each module 20 may be a self-contained room.
  • two or more adjacent modules 20 may form a single, larger room or suite of rooms.
  • the room modules 20 can be installed at any desired locations and the lay-out can be altered and/or extended by removing/replacing/adding room modules 20, possibly with extensions to the support frame 14 where necessary.
  • Modules 18,20 may arrive complete with any of the following services:-
  • Figure 3 shows the steel support frame 14 erected on a foundation 22.
  • Figure 4 shows the installation of the floor panels 16 by sliding into in the support frame 14 to form the open plan ground floor area of the building.
  • the floor panels 16 can be overlaid to provide any type of floor finish for the intended application thereby achieving a complete uninterrupted monolithic finish, for example vinyl, carpet, wood or the like.
  • Figure 5 shows the installation of panels 24 and a glazed unit 25 to form the roof area of the building.
  • the panels 24 are lifted and slid into place over the support frame 14 and the glazed unit 25 is lifted and lowered into place by a crane or the like.
  • Figure 5 also shows the installation of a room module 18 on the first floor of the building by sliding into the support frame 14.
  • the room module 18 may house plant equipment such as an air conditioning unit or may be fitted out for use as an office.
  • Figure 6 shows the installation of room modules 20 on the ground floor by sliding into the support frame 14.
  • the room modules 20 may be provided for a range of purposes such as kitchens, restaurants, fridge/freezers, offices, bakeries, shop units, toilets, plant rooms etc.
  • Figure 6 also shows the provision of a removable canopy 26 attached to the support frame 14 after insertion of the room modules 18 in the first floor.
  • removable balconies may be provided, for example where the building is used for living accommodation such as flats or hotels.
  • the building is made weathertight on completion by sealing the roof panels 24 and providing a façade to the walls.
  • the façade may be in the form of an external skin such as cladding or glazing according to the design of the building.
  • the façade is detachable and/or can be opened to allow the modules 16,18,20 to be removed and/or replaced when changing/extending the lay-out of the building.
  • Figures 7 and 8 show a system for joining the ends of two floor panels 16a,16b.
  • the abutting end faces of the panels 16a,16b are joined by one or more rivets 30 or other fastening means.
  • the abutting ends of the panels 16a,16b are additionally secured on the underside by one or more clips 36.
  • Figure 7 also shows the panels 16a,16b having floor finishes 32a,32b on the upper surface with sealant 34 and edge trim 36 finish therebetween.
  • Figures 9 and 10 show a system for joining the sides of two floor panels 16a,16b.
  • the adjacent side faces of the panels 16a,16b are joined by male and female formations 38a,38b that allow the panels 16a,16b to slide lengthwise relative to each other.
  • the formations are of dovetail shape that prevent the panels 16a,16b separating in a vertical or horizontal direction. It will be understood however that other shapes and configurations of male and female formations may be employed such as rebated side edges.
  • the male and female formations 38a,38b again allow the panels 16a,16b to slide lengthwise relative to each other and prevent the panels separating in a horizontal direction but allow one panel to be lifted relative to the other in a vertical direction. This configuration of male and female formations permits the panels 16a,16b to be slid or lowered into place and also allows individual panels 16a,16b to be removed and replaced.
  • both Figures show the panels 16a,16b having floor finishes 32a,32b on the upper surface with sealant 34 and edge trim 36 finish therebetween.
  • side faces of adjacent panels 16a,16b may be separated by columns of the steel frame.
  • the gap between the panels 16a,16b can be filled by inserting an in-fill panel 40 with edge formations 40c configured to mate with the formations on the side faces of the panels 16a,16b so that the in-fill panel 40 can be lowered into place between the floor panels 16a,16b as shown in Figures 11 and 12.
  • the in-fill panel 40 has a matching floor finish 40d on its upper surface and sealant 34 and edge trim 36 finish is provided between the panels 16 and the in-fill panel 40.
  • an in-fill gasket 41 is provided to fill the gap between the panels 16a,16b and the in-fill panel 40 at the lower edge.
  • Figures 13 and 14 show a system for attaching the floor panels 16 to the support frame 14 by means of brackets 42 secured to the underside of the panels 16 and to the support frame 14.
  • the brackets 42 are generally Z-shaped with an upper arm 42a received in a sleeve 44 secured to the underside of the panel 16 and a lower arm 42b secured to a bolt 46 attached to the support frame 14.
  • Packing 48 may be inserted between the underside of the panel 16 and the support frame 14 to take up any clearance to level the floor and/or to provide sound insulation before tightening a lock nut 50.
  • Figure 15 and 16 show a typical lay-out of a floor pan 52 made up of panels 16 and in-fill panels 40 as described above.
  • the panels 16 fill the space between upright columns 14a of the support frame 14 and the in-fill panels 40 fill the gaps.
  • Panels 16 may come in a range of modular sizes according to the design of the building. For example a single modular panel may cover the floor area between four columns 14a arranged at the corners of the panel as shown in solid lines in Figure 15. Alternatively, the same floor area may be covered by an assembly of two or more interlocking panels 16a,16b as indicated in broken lines in Figure 15.
  • a rectangular floor pan 52 is shown, it will be understood that the invention is not limited thereto and that other shapes of floor pan may be constructed employing modular floor panels are described herein.
  • one or more of the floor panels may be replaced by a room module having formations co-operable with the adjacent floor panels and/or in-fill panels.
  • room modules can be slid or lowered into position in similar manner to the floor panels and/or removed and replaced as desired.
  • continuity of floor levels and/or finishes etc can be obtained.
  • Figure 17 shows the flat roof panel 24 being slid over the roof beams 60 in the direction of arrow A to the required position.
  • the side edges of the panel 24 may be rebated as shown at 24a to overlap a rebated edge of an adjoining panel to improve the joint therebetween as shown in Figure 18.
  • the panels 24 may be supplied with a waterproof membrane 62 already attached to the outer surface and with or without membrane flaps 64 for sealing the joints between adjacent panels 24.
  • the panel 24 may also be supplied with the inner surface finished with paint or any other lining/ceiling material, wood, plastics, glass reinforced plastics etc.
  • the panel 24 may also be configured to receive services similar to the floor panels described previously.
  • the services may be located in channels in the panels and may be installed off-site for supply and installation with the roof panels or the services may be installed on-site after the roof panels have been installed.
  • service modules may be slung to the underside of the roof panels 24.
  • Figures 19 and 20 show a locking system 61 for attaching the roof panels 24 to the roof beams 60 with no visible fixings.
  • the roof beams 60 are provided with headed studs 66 that project from the upper surface and co-operate with sliding wedge packing plates 68 on the underside of the panel 24 to locate and retain the panel 24 in position.
  • the panel 24 is lifted into position over the studs 66 and slid into position to tension the studs and secure the panel in position.
  • the wedge packing plates 68 may be made of materials to eliminate cold bridging to the structure.
  • the locking system 61 may be employed to locate and secure a pitched roof 69 (Figure 21) and a pitched roof 69 and flat roof 70 (Figure 22).
  • the roof may be pre-fabricated off-site for supply and installation.
  • the pitched roof 69 may incorporate pre-wired solar panels (not sown) or the like and could have pre-installed services within the roof voids, allowing completed sections of the buildings to be delivered and plugged in to adjoining service units.
  • a similar locking system 61 to that above-described may also be used to secure external wall panels 70 to the support structure 14 as shown in Figure 23.
  • the wall panels 70 may be pre-fabricated off-site for supply and installation and may be provided with a suitable waterproof finish 72 on the outer surface to clad the building and with paint or other suitable finish on the inner surface.
  • the modular system for floor, roof and wall panels may be employed in some or all areas of a multi-storey building according to the design and use of the building.
  • the above systems are inter-changeable.
  • the floor pan Z-bracket detail could be employed to retain the composite roof panels or the pitched roof elements depending on the supporting structure design.
  • the sliding wedges which secure the roof panels in turn can be used to secure the floor panels and the external building envelope.
  • the sliding wedges may be replaced by any other locking systems for attaching the roof panels, floor panels and walls panels.
  • the interchangeable power services allow for the installation and removal of electrical services safely without the need of electrical engineers on site and also, for instance, change a data outlet to a socket outlet in the future just by changing the front cover.
  • modular systems described herein for constructing the floor, roof and external wall of a building together with the optional provision of room modules within a support frame provides versatility in the design and lay-out of the building as well as the capability to change the design and lay-out by replacing, moving, adding or substituting modules to provide any desired configuration.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
EP07253944A 2006-10-04 2007-10-04 Bâtiments modulaires Withdrawn EP1908888A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB0619540.8A GB0619540D0 (en) 2006-10-04 2006-10-04 Improvements in or relating to buildings

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1908888A2 true EP1908888A2 (fr) 2008-04-09

Family

ID=37453905

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07253944A Withdrawn EP1908888A2 (fr) 2006-10-04 2007-10-04 Bâtiments modulaires

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20080236056A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1908888A2 (fr)
GB (2) GB0619540D0 (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090229194A1 (en) * 2008-03-11 2009-09-17 Advanced Shielding Technologies Europe S.I. Portable modular data center
CN101994406A (zh) * 2009-08-12 2011-03-30 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 房屋
CN101994405A (zh) * 2009-08-12 2011-03-30 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 房屋
US9198331B2 (en) * 2013-03-15 2015-11-24 Switch, Ltd. Data center facility design configuration
CA2911779A1 (fr) * 2014-11-12 2016-05-12 Newterra Ltd Structure de batiment pour contenants intermodaux et methodes
US10011982B1 (en) * 2015-09-23 2018-07-03 Theodore W. Baker School spaces retrofitted for alternative uses and related technology
US10344487B2 (en) 2015-08-14 2019-07-09 Oldcastle Light Building Products, LLC Attachment and support members for modular building structures
US9914467B2 (en) 2015-08-14 2018-03-13 Oldcastle Light Building Products, LLC Attachment and support members for modular building structures
US20190032327A1 (en) * 2017-07-31 2019-01-31 Brent Musson Permanent building structure with reusable modular building units
US11623428B2 (en) * 2021-07-30 2023-04-11 United States Government As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Load-bearing composite platform
US20230160196A1 (en) * 2021-11-23 2023-05-25 Optima, Inc. Modular habitable structures, and associated systems and methods

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4012871A (en) * 1971-10-26 1977-03-22 Acacia Engenharia Industria E Commercio Modular housing units
US6457281B1 (en) * 1980-06-24 2002-10-01 Teron International Building Technologies Ltd. Modular building systems
US4910932A (en) * 1987-01-05 1990-03-27 Honigman Michael L Modular building system
US4833855A (en) * 1987-04-27 1989-05-30 Winter Amos G Iv Prefabricated panel having a joint thereon
US5555681A (en) * 1995-07-06 1996-09-17 Cawthon; Mark A. Modular building system
GB2350130B (en) * 1999-05-21 2001-08-15 Ashley Thomas Beighton Improvements in or relating to building structures
US6651393B2 (en) * 2001-05-15 2003-11-25 Lorwood Properties, Inc. Construction system for manufactured housing units
DE20312406U1 (de) * 2003-08-07 2003-10-09 Rüter, Ewald, 44229 Dortmund Anordnung zur Errichtung von ein- oder mehrgeschossigen Gebäuden
US20070283634A1 (en) * 2006-05-23 2007-12-13 Hourihan Kevin J Lifting Cradle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0619540D0 (en) 2006-11-15
US20080236056A1 (en) 2008-10-02
GB0719417D0 (en) 2007-11-14
GB2442606A (en) 2008-04-09

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