Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
  • D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
  • D01D4/025—Melt-blowing or solution-blowing dies
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
  • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
  • D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
  • D01D5/14—Stretch-spinning methods with flowing liquid or gaseous stretching media, e.g. solution-blowing
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
  • Y10T442/681—Spun-bonded nonwoven fabric

Definitions

• the invention relates to a spinning device for the production of fine threads by splicing according to the preamble of the main claim.
• Fine threads down to less than 1 micrometer ( ⁇ m) can be prepared by splicing a filamentary fluid stream as a melt, solution or generally as liquids which are later solidified as described in DE 199 29 709 and DE 100 65 859 is.
• the mechanism of the thread formation is fundamentally different than in all hitherto known spinning processes, where the dope is drawn off from the spinnerets by means of winding devices into threads or in the spunbonding process by accompanying air streams which exert a force on them and in particular Ausric-. tion in so-called meltblown process, where the thread pulling air exits close to the spinning orifices heated to about textile material temperature. The yarn speed reaches that of the winding or is under the pulling air or gas streams.
• Bursting comparable to the bursting of a tube at its longitudinal seam with surprisingly substantially endless filaments and related to the stochastic character of the splicing low dispersion width in the thread diameter.
• the number of individual threads thus produced exceeds in the production of very fine threads in the range of and below 1 micron up to several hundred from a liquid jet.
• the nanoval process is performed in line nozzles in its industrial applications, with a series of spin holes located above a gap.
• the gas generally air without special conditioning after its production in blowers or
• Compressors (the energy requirement is generally low compared to the meltblown process) flows on both sides of the row nozzle in steady acceleration to the narrowest cross-section of the gap, which then usually extends rapidly again, but in principle has the configuration of a Laval nozzle. Single round nozzles were described as well, surrounded by a continuously decreasing annular gap.
• Tread of the still deformable thread mass are made.
• the throughputs are therefore generally smaller in the production of very fine threads in the range of and below 1 micron. This results in the need for more spinnerets across the width for a particular overall throughput in the production of nonwovens by the nanoval process for finer filaments. In the production of yarns that applies accordingly.
• the invention has for its object to provide a device for producing fine threads, the compact and structurally simple, with a good piecing should be possible.
• the device for producing fine threads at least one spinneret equipped spinning spinneret and an at least partially plate-shaped gas nozzle part having at least one gas supply space, wherein the at least partially plate-shaped the gas nozzle part has a plurality of funnel-shaped depressions as acceleration nozzles, in the engage the spinnerets, such that combinations of spinnerets / accelerating nozzles, in particular Laval nozzles are formed with rotationally symmetrical gas flow channels, the device can be compact with a variety of close-spaced combinations are constructed, the gas nozzle part and Spinndüsenteil be relatively displaced, so that the gas nozzle between part and spinnerets of the spinneret part formed gas flow channels can assume different flow cross-sections, whereby the height of the spinning orifices to the narrowest cross section of Besc acceleration nozzles, in particular Laval nozzles, is adjustable.
• a particularly simple design is given when formed between the bottom of the spinning nozzle part from which project the spinnerets or spinning nipple, and the top of the plate-shaped portion of the gas nozzle portion of the gas space through which the gas, usually air, the accelerating nozzles is supplied.
• An advantageous embodiment, but somewhat more complex and especially in the supply of "cold” air is to form the gas nozzle part as a hollow body, which is penetrated by the depressions and whose cavity forms the gas space between the Einsenkun-, the hollow body to the
• Spinneret part directed openings, preferably rotationally symmetrical around the depressions around, over which the air or the gas passes to the accelerating nozzles.
• It can be arranged side by side a plurality of nozzle and gas nozzle parts, wherein also different textile materials can be spun out.
• a further plate be arranged with openings to form a distribution space for another fluid.
• This fluid may be water for coagulating dissolved pulps, coolant for freezing the molecular orientation achieved in the splice, means for heating, eg, water vapor, for a second draw, or the like.
• FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a first embodiment of the spinning device according to the invention corresponding to the section lines D-D of Fig. 2,
• FIG. 2 shows a section of the device according to the invention corresponding to the sectional lines C - C from FIG. 1, FIG.
• Fig. 3 is a section through a part of the device according to the invention according to a second embodiment according to the section line A-A in Fig. 4, and
• the spinning device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a spinneret part 28, in which a plurality of melt channels 14 are provided, which are supplied via a filter 25 and a perforated plate 26 for cleaning supplied melt or solution with melt or solution.
• the melt channels continue in spinnerets or spin nipples 23, wherein only three rows of nipples 23 are shown here. It may well be several consecutive spider nipples in the direction of travel arrow 50 provided.
• the lower plate-shaped region of the spinneret part is received in a gas nozzle part 27 which comprises a frame-like border 34 and a plate-like part 35, in the latter three rows of Laval nozzles 36 corresponding to the rows of spin nipples 23 being provided.
• the border 34 is provided with an upstand, wherein a seal 33 is arranged between this upstand and an opposite surface 32 of the lower region of the spinneret part 28.
• the spinning and the gas nozzle parts 28, 27 are aligned with each other so that the tip of the spinning nipple 23 project into the Laval nozzles 36, wherein between the lower surface of the spinneret member 28 and the upper surface of the plate-shaped portion 35 of the gas nozzle part, a gas space 22 is formed, through which the spinning nipple 23 extend and which is connected to the gas or air feeds 20 provided in the border.
• the spinning nipples 23 are preferably provided with a heater 24, advantageously with a band heater, as is known from injection molding tools in plastics engineering.
• the device according to the invention has means for relative displacement of the spinning and gas nozzle part 28, 27, wherein in the present embodiment, a screw 29 fixed in one with the spinneret part connected nut lock 30 is guided and connected in an anchorage 31 in the frame 34 of the gas nozzle part 27 with this, the anchorage 31 can exert pressure or pulling action according to the direction of rotation of the screw 29, whereby the gas nozzle part is moved.
• a screw 29 fixed in one with the spinneret part connected nut lock 30 is guided and connected in an anchorage 31 in the frame 34 of the gas nozzle part 27 with this, the anchorage 31 can exert pressure or pulling action according to the direction of rotation of the screw 29, whereby the gas nozzle part is moved.
• other types of shifting means are possible.
• the gas nozzle member 27 is raised, i. shifted upward in Fig., whereby the seal 33 is relieved. If, after starting, the gas 21 is supplied via the supply 20, in addition to a displacement of the gas nozzle part 27 down a compressive force on the seal 33 by the pressure in the gas space 22 is amplified. There is thus a certain self-adjustment of the seal when starting the melt or solution and release of the Laval nozzle cross-section to the individual spinning nipples.
• the gas supply 21 is turned off, the gas nozzle part 27 is raised until the plate member 35 abuts the wall of the Laval nozzles 35 on the spinning nipples 25.
• the existing air in the area of the seal 33 and the surface 32 is blown out.
• the nipples 25 stick out of the Laval nozzles and can be cleaned.
• the device shown in Fig. 3 comprises a spinneret 1 with a series of protrusions, preferably in the form of cones, which
• the spinning nozzle part may be formed as a plate into which the spinnerets 13 (similar to FIG. 1) are inserted.
• the spinnerets have melt or solution channels 14 which terminate in a spinneret orifice 3.
• a gas nozzle part 2 is provided, which is formed for example as a hollow body which is formed by two plates provided with funnel-shaped depressions.
• a cavity 9 is formed, which is interrupted by the funnel-shaped depressions.
• the cavity 9 serves as a gas space, which in turn is connected to a gas supply source.
• To each funnel-shaped depression around an annular opening 4 is incorporated, wherein the openings 4 shown in section in FIG. 3 in accordance with FIG. 4 are common for adjacent funnel-shaped depressions, i. in the embodiment, the funnel-shaped depressions are arranged close to each other.
• forming an air gap 12 is still an insulating mold 11 inserted, which extends to the spinning orifice 3, so that the gas flow channel 5 between the surface Form part 11 and surface of the recess in part 2 is formed around the space 9.
• the respective gas flow channel 5 is designed such that it tapers in the direction of the respective spinning opening 3, which is surrounded rotationally symmetrically by the respective depression.
• a Laval nozzle is realized, the cross-section of which widens abruptly at the edge between the depression and the outer surface of the lower plate in FIG. 3, but which is also gradual. lent can happen.
• the spinneret part 1 and the gas nozzle part 2 are relative to each other, as shown in FIG. 3, displaced in the vertical direction, which can be realized by slide rods, not shown.
• the height of the narrowest point 6 of the Lavaldü- se can be adjusted in relation to the spinning opening 3, whereby the piecing is facilitated.
• slide bars can simultaneously absorb force arising at different expansions of the spinneret 1 and the gas nozzle part 2, whereby the positioning of both parts is maintained.
• Fig. 4 two rows of combinations of spinnerets 13 and Laval nozzles, ending in the narrowest cross section 6 are shown, wherein the spinnerets 13 are offset one row to those of the other rows. It is possible in particular for larger spinning beam widths that separate gas distribution channels are provided between adjacent rows in order to introduce the required quantities of gas to the Laval nozzles.
• the melt is introduced in the part 1 and exits in the spinneret orifices 3, while the gas, hereinafter referred to as air, from the space 9 in Part 2 after exiting via the annular opening 4 to the spinneret orifice 3 rotationally symmetrical Channel 5 flows between part 1 and 2 to the narrowest cross section 6 and previously detected at the spinning opening 3, the emerging thread 7, it accelerates, ie reduced in diameter and after the nanoval effect already in the Laval nozzle or shortly thereafter for brush-like bursting into a bundle of threads 8 brings.
• the gas hereinafter referred to as air
• the part 2 can be moved in the direction of the thread exit axis. As a result, it can be completely withdrawn during piecing to the molded part 11, a blow-out of spinning air through the openings 4 can initially be omitted or it is allowed to a small extent. Then the part 2 is lowered, the thread spun, warped and burst according to the known from the process air speed adjustment data from the applied pressure in the space 9 of Part 2, for the flowing dope from the openings 3 and in the for the Splicing required temperature of the dope.
• the molded part 11 is designed such that it forms the inner wall of the rotationally symmetrical channel 5 until the spinning nozzle orifice 3 is continuously accelerated for a steady acceleration of the air. but via an air gap 12 and the spinneret 13 against the air flow in the flow channel 5 thermally insulated.
• the molded part 11 may also contain the heaters of the spinning nozzles instead of the spinneret part 1.
• the two basic positions of the movable part 2 are indicated in Fig. 3, dashed lines for piecing.
• Fig. 4 shows a horizontal section BB (in Fig. 3) as a section through a multi-row nozzle device for two rows of nozzles illustrating the air supply from the outside to the individual spinnerets 13 for feeding from the space 9 via the openings 4 in the channels 5, which each end at the smallest cross-section 6.
• this medium can be easily introduced as a third fluid flow between the spinning and laval nozzles and brought to the outflow.
• a plate 37 which is provided with openings 38 in each case below the spinning nip. pel 23 and the Laval nozzle-like openings 36 is provided.
• the third fluid flow can be introduced into the space 41 formed between the plates 35 and 37 at 39 according to arrow 40. He steps from there over the upper edges of the openings 38 in the thread air flow.
• the device is also fundamentally suitable for spinning out different textile materials in the individual spinnerets, for which purpose the melt or spinning solution distribution must be set up accordingly, be it alternately transversely to the direction of travel or also different from row to row. It is thus possible to produce mixed nonwovens for achieving special effects such as the binding of binding threads in matrix threads, eg polypropylene as binder thread and polyester as the strength-giving matrix or by a part of more shrinking threads, after the nonwoven storage by shrinking the entire thread structure higher volume and softness as well as other nonwoven properties by two or more different components.
• Bi- or multicomponent filaments can also be produced easily by feeding two or more textile materials into the spinneret part and into the channels 14. Different throughputs, set by differently sized opening cross sections of the spinneret openings or controlled melt supply to them, can be another type of Mixed fleeces are produced.
• the present device also has the advantage that it connects the melt-carrying spinneret parts 1 and 28 with the colder gas nozzle parts 2 and 27 against each other displaceable, but transversely to firmly.
• Part 1 to 2 After heating of Part 1 with heaters not shown here, in principle, if no particularly heated air from Part 2 is supplied, Part 1 to 2 expand more so that each spin hole 3 and closest cross-section 6 deviations across the width and length, the The same applies to the parts 28 and 27.
• the connection can be made by the slide rods, not shown, which prevent this deviation in terms of power, wherein they can be arranged in the plates of the spinneret part 1 and the gas nozzle part between the combinations spinneret / Laval nozzle. In order to prevent the different expansion but also aware of a warming of the air flow in the flow channel 5 can be made.
• a guide of the part 1, which is initially set back relative to the spinning bore opening 3 and later displaced in the direction of the thread 7 to produce the splicing effect, has to be done by known in tool making guides or slide rods.
• spinner beams of greater width into a plurality of nozzle fields, these in turn consisting of numerous individual spinneret / Laval nozzle combinations, so that individual of these packages (spin packs) can be replaced in case of blockages of the spinning openings or other disorders.
• the joints are then mounted obliquely to the direction of rotation, wherein the spinneret openings are arranged as shown in Fig. 4 respectively to the gap of the previous.
• the following example shows the use of the device in the splicing spinning process according to Nanoval and the yarn values obtained by way of example.
• a polypropylene melt was dispensed onto nineteen in-line spinnerets 13 with melt feed holes 14 and spinneret orifices of 0.3 mm diameter.
• the thread running direction thereafter, there was a valve nozzle with the narrowest cross-section of 3 mm diameter for each of these openings, which was returned to the spinning opening after piecing.
• the polymer throughput was changed in areas as shown in Table 1, as well as the air pressure and thus the flowing air velocity in the area of the thread for the
• the temperature of the polypropylene melt could be heated in the spinneret 13 by about another 20 0 C shortly before it exits the spinning orifice via electrical heating elements.
• the device according to the invention is primarily intended for the production of fine threads, can also coarser are spun with her, showing her versatility.
• threads of polyester and polylactide were produced as shown in Tables 2 and 3.
• the diameter of the spinneret orifices was 1.0 mm.
• the polymer polylactide prepared from natural raw materials showed the values reproduced in Table 3 in splice spinning to coarser threads. g / min 0 C mbar 0 C ⁇ m% ⁇ m ⁇ m
• the device according to the invention can be used for thread-forming melts or solutions, but also generally for liquids, for example when it comes to applying thin layers such as paints, varnishes, coatings. It then serves to atomize the liquids into the finest possible droplets if possible uniform distribution on the area to be assigned. The conditions are easy to find in each case by the given geometric adjustment of the device.
• the devices (according to FIG. 1, 2 or 3, 4) furthermore have the advantage that a melt or solution can be more easily distributed uniformly to individual outflow openings - in this case nipples 23 - than if this happens from a film, as is usually the case with row nozzles.
• the fleece produced has more uniform and usually not especially the webs, also called "lanes" strips of different weight in the direction of travel.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
• Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=37907719

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (10)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (25)

Family Cites Families (23)

• 2006
  • 2006-03-08 DE DE102006012052A patent/DE102006012052A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2006-10-23 JP JP2008557599A patent/JP2009529102A/ja active Pending
  • 2006-10-23 CA CA 2644977 patent/CA2644977C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2006-10-23 RU RU2008135761A patent/RU2396378C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2006-10-23 BR BRPI0621444-4A patent/BRPI0621444A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2006-10-23 EP EP06818294A patent/EP1902164B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
  • 2006-10-23 DE DE200650007739 patent/DE502006007739D1/de active Active
  • 2006-10-23 US US12/281,554 patent/US20090221206A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2006-10-23 CN CN2011100794869A patent/CN102162141B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2006-10-23 AT AT06818294T patent/ATE478983T1/de active
  • 2006-10-23 WO PCT/EP2006/010320 patent/WO2007101459A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2006-10-23 CN CN2006800545312A patent/CN101460666B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events