EP1882562B1 - Cutting and scoring press for sheet material - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a sheet punching and embossing machine according to the preamble of claim 1. Such a machine is in the WO 99/28118 A disclosed.

As punching the cutting is referred to as closed, geometric blank forms that can be circular, oval or polygonal as well as fantasy shapes of all kinds. Even the practices practiced in print finishing such as punching with punch, repel corners and register punching are counted to this area. The punching takes place against a punching pad or against punches, in some cases it is also shearing operations (cf. Postpress, training manual for bookbinders, Bundesverband Druck e. V. 1996, page 351 ff .).

Packaging materials made of paper, cardboard, cardboard or corrugated board are mainly punched in sheet format. When punching but also creasing lines or blind embossing can be introduced into the benefit. This complex process makes it indispensable to punch the sheets individually. Since the end products are sophisticated packaging in terms of technical and graphic designs (such as packaging for cosmetics, cigarettes, pharmaceuticals, foodstuffs, etc.), special requirements are not only placed on the packaging materials themselves, but punching tools are also required for optimum results lowest tolerances and extremely precise and reliable working punching machines required.

Flatbed punching best meets these demands. The printed sheets stacked on a pallet are fed to the punching machine. In the machine, the singling of the sheets to be punched is first carried out in a separating device, which are then subsequently accurately aligned in an alignment device, taken over by a gripper carriage and positioned exactly in the punching device. The gripper carriage can be moved by endless chains through the machine or driven by linear drives.

The punching device usually consists of a provided with a counter-plate resting table and provided with a punching and scoring tools via a lifting drive perpendicular to the counter plate up and down the movable table. As a result of this up and down movement, the benefits are punched out of the sheets cyclically guided between the table surfaces and at the same time the grooves required for a clean folding are pressed.

In a subsequent breakout the waste is removed by machine tools. Depending on the equipment of the machine finally the punched benefits can be separated in a designated Nutzentrenneinrichtung.

A drive for a sheet punching and embossing machine is from the DE 30 44 083 A1 known. The machine described herein has a fixed undertable and an up and down movable top table for punching sheets of paper, cardboard and the like. The movement of the up and down movable upper table is realized by rollers which are arranged on two eccentric shafts arranged above the table. The upper table rests against the rollers on the eccentric shaft with spring force. By a rotational movement of the eccentric shafts of the upper table is moved perpendicular to the lower table. Due to the eccentric drive results in the course of time, a substantially sinusoidal lifting movement of the upper table.

From the DE 33 13 790 C2 is another drive for a sheet punching - embossing machine known. The crucible punch press has a first crucible, which is fixedly arranged in a machine frame, and a second crucible, which can be delivered against the first crucible, and which can be adjusted in the feed direction by means of four toggle levers acting on it in an articulated manner. The knee levers are each supported via a support joint against the machine frame and are acted upon by a cam gear.

In the known drives, the generated lifting movement is coupled because of a common drive with the conveying movement. A disadvantage of this solution is the design-related use of large masses in the eccentric or Knee lever system and the low flexibility in the control of the lifting movement relative to the conveying movement and thus the possibility of optimizing the stamping process.

An alternative solution for applying the punching force is in the DE-GM 76 11 968 described; however, the bows are not supported here. A located in the machine base and the punching tool centrally arranged hydraulic cylinder acts by means of a symmetrical lever and by means of two guided rods on the upper table of a punch. A disadvantage of this solution are the complex construction for power transmission and the low possibility of adjusting the punching force.

The object of the present invention is to provide a sheet punching and embossing machine having a plurality of processing stations whose stroke is independent of the conveying path of the sheet.

This object is achieved by a sheet punching and embossing machine according to claim 1.

In the embodiment according to the invention, the deliverable tools are moved via separate drives. This makes it possible to control the separate drives separately. Via a position control loop, it is then possible to individually control the stroke movement of each tool.

In a preferred embodiment, the separate drives are hydraulic cylinders. In order not to move the pressure ports on the cylinders, the piston is attached to the moving part and the cylinder to the frame. The deliverable tool can be moved via one or more hydraulic cylinders. With several cylinders, material irregularities or local material deficits can be compensated, especially if the hydraulic cylinders can be positioned freely on the deliverable crucible and, if necessary, they are designed differently. Even an individual position and pressure control can shorten the machine setup time when changing the order. It is possible to drive either the upper table or the lower table via the hydraulic cylinder.

Advantageously, the individual settings of the tools are determined as a function of a global machine angle, which is generated for example via a setpoint generator.

For position control, for example, a resistance control can be used, in which the inflow into the cylinder is controlled by valves.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, a displacement control is used for position control, which regulates the inflow into the cylinder via a variable displacement pump. By eliminating the valves to control the inflow and outflow of the pressure medium in the cylinder, it is possible to improve the efficiency.

In an alternative embodiment, the hydraulic is dispensed with. The lifting movement of the deliverable tool takes place in a known manner via eccentric drives or toggle lever drives. The large power flow takes place from the press drive to the eccentric shafts; only a small part of the power has to run via a mechanical synchronization. The synchronization is advantageously carried out via a connecting gear between the press drive and a king shaft.

In an alternative advantageous embodiment, the synchronization takes place via the drive motors controlled individually as servo drives. As a result, a simple synchronization is possible.

Combinations of mechanically and hydraulically driven tools are possible.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the transport device for transporting the sheets through the individual processing stations is designed as a linear drive.

In the drawings preferred embodiments of the sheet punching and embossing machine according to the invention are shown.

Fig. 1

den prinzipiellen Aufbau einer Bogenstanz- und -prägemaschine in schematischer Darstellung

Fig. 2

eine Stanz- bzw. Prägestation mit hydraulisch angetriebenen zustellbarem Tiegel in schematischer Darstellung

Fig. 3

die individuellen Bewegungsabläufe mehrer Stanz- bzw. Prägestationen mit hydraulisch angetriebenen zustellbaren Werkzeugen in schematischer Darstellung

Fig. 4

schematische Darstellung der Steuerung der individuellen Bewegungsabläufe

Fig. 5

eine schematische Darstellung mechanisch angetriebener Pressenantriebe

Fig. 6

eine schematische Darstellung der Synchronisation mechanisch angetriebener Pressenantriebe

Fig. 7

einen geschlossenen Regelkreis zur Ansteuerung der mechanisch angetriebenen Pressenantriebe

Show it:

Fig. 1

the basic structure of a sheet punching and embossing machine in a schematic representation

Fig. 2

a punching or embossing station with hydraulically driven deliverable crucible in a schematic representation

Fig. 3

the individual movements of several punching or embossing stations with hydraulically driven deliverable tools in a schematic representation

Fig. 4

schematic representation of the control of individual movement sequences

Fig. 5

a schematic representation of mechanically driven press drives

Fig. 6

a schematic representation of the synchronization of mechanically driven press drives

Fig. 7

a closed loop for controlling the mechanically driven press drives

In Fig. 1 the basic structure of a sheet punching and embossing machine 100 for punching, breaking and depositing sheets of paper, cardboard and the like is shown. The punching and embossing machine 100 has for example a feeder 1, two punching and / or embossing stations 2, 2 ', a breaking station 3 and a boom 4, which are supported and enclosed by a common machine housing 5.

The sheets 6 are separated by a feeder 1 from a stack and fed via a feed table 16 of the sheet punching and embossing machine 100 and by grippers its leading edge and intermittently pulled in the sheet conveying direction F through the various stations 2, 2 ', 3 and 4 of the punching and embossing machine 100 pulled. The grippers are hereby attached to gripper bars, these gripper carriages 8 and these in turn attached to a transport system 7.

The punching and / or embossing stations 2, 2 'consist of a lower table 9 and an upper table 10. The lower table 9 is fixedly mounted in the machine frame and provided with a not illustrated dargstellten counter plate to the punching blades. The upper table is vertically movable back and forth and is provided with the punching and Rillmessern.

The gripper carriage 8 with the grippers transport the sheet 6 of the punching and embossing stations 2, 2 'in the subsequent breaking station 3, which is equipped with breakout tools. In the breaking station 3, the unwanted pieces of waste are pushed out of the sheet 6 downwards with the aid of the stripping tools, whereby the waste pieces 11 fall into a container-like carriage 12 inserted below the station.

From the stripping station 3, the sheet enters the boom 4, where the sheet is either simply stored, or at the same time there is a separation into individual benefits. The boom 4 may also include a pallet 13 on which the individual sheets are stacked in the form of a stack 14, so that after reaching a certain stack height, the pallets can be moved away with the stacked sheets 14 from the field of punching and embossing machine 100 ,

Fig. 2 shows one of the processing stations 2, 2 ', for example, punching or embossing stations, a sheet punching and embossing machine 100 according to the invention. The sheet to be processed 6 is transported by the conveyor 7, 8 in the conveying direction of the sheet F in the processing station 2, 2'. The processing stations have an undeliverable upper table 10 and a subframe 9 fixed to the housing. Four hydraulic cylinders 16 for applying the punching force to the punching tool are located in the machine base. The hydraulic cylinders 16 are connected firstly to the upper table 10 and secondly in the machine housing of the sheet punching and embossing machine stored. The hydraulic cylinders 16 cause a punching stroke h, by which the upper table 10 is moved against the fixed lower table 9.

Fig. 3 shows the individual movements of several processing stations with hydraulically driven deliverable crucibles. The upper tables 10, 10 ', 10 "are each ground by one or more hydraulic cylinders 16 (in the exemplary embodiment in each case two drawn in.) In order not to move along the pressure connections on the cylinders, the piston is moved on the moving part (here on the upper table 10, 10 ', 10 "), the cylinder on the machine frame. The upper tables 10, 10 ', 10 "each describe a movement in the coordinate Z, wherein the movements z, z', z" can be individually controlled from upper table to upper table, depending on the job to be processed and the current situation in the processing station , The movements of the gripper carriage 8, 8 ', 8 "are represented by the arrows x, x', x".

In Fig. 4 the control of the individual components is shown schematically. From a setpoint generator 17, which generates the global machine reference angle α _ref , which references the machine cycle and the machine positions, is individually a reference reference value
_{z2, ref} for station 10 top 10,
_z2'ref for the top table 10 'of the station 2',
_{z2 ", ref} for the upper table 10" of the station "
etc. generated.

Starting from this central setpoint generator 17, a reference value "machine angle" is thus defined, which serves the individual stations as well as the drive system, which may for example consist of several linear drives, as an input variable for their respective control. The upper tables in the position control loop are then adjusted to the generated reference reference value. The control of individual such hydrostatic drives is known and, for example, in the scripts for hydraulics: Murrenhoff, H .: Fundamentals of Fluid Power, Volume 1: Hydraulics, 4th edition 2005 ; Murrenhoff, H .: Servohydraulik, 2nd edition 2002 , described.

Instead of a moving upper table 10, 10 ', 10 ", a moving lower table 9, 9', 9" can also be used.
Instead of two cylinders 16, one cylinder or even more than two cylinders can be used for the drive.
The cylinders 16 can be positioned more or less freely on the upper table.
The cylinders can be designed differently strong.
The cylinders can be individually controlled in position and pressure to respond to imperfections or local material deficiencies.
For position control, a displacement control (regulation of the inflow into the cylinder via a variable displacement pump) or a resistance control (regulation of the inflow into the cylinders via valves) can be used.

An alternative is the use of several mechanical and synchronized press drives.

The Fig. 5 and 6 show in a schematic representation of mechanically driven punching or embossing stations 2 and 2 ', which in each case further arbitrary stations upstream in the direction of arrow A or downstream can be stored in the direction of arrow B. The illustrated punching or embossing stations 2 and 2 'and any upstream or downstream stations have per deliverable crucible 10, 10' depending on a press drive 19, 19 ', which in not shown, known manner from a flywheel, coupling and connection to the transmission, which moves the upper table 10, 10 'via eccentric shafts 22, 22'. The press drive is in this case for example via a reduction gear 20, 20 'driven by a drive motor 18, 18'. The power flow takes place here from the flywheel directly to the crucible. For synchronization of the individual press drives, a small gear 26, 26 'is provided, which has no large power to transmit and the press drives 19, 19' with z. B. a king shaft 21 connects for synchronization.

Alternatively, it is also possible to provide the synchronization via individually controlled as servo drives drive motors for the flywheel.

Fig. 7 shows the control circuit for controlling the press drives. As can be seen, both a speed control and a position control takes place.

Via the control loop according to Fig. 7 the controlled variable α _{ex are} tracked to the setpoint α _ref . The quantity ω _{ref is used} in the form of a setpoint input to avoid lag errors. ω _ref is the first derivative of the setpoint value α _ref after the time.

The comparison of the values α _ex and α _ref is made by a subtraction element. The control deviation α _{diff is} amplified by a subsequent proportional element (25) and added as ω _ref ' ω _ref added. From this sum, ω _{ex is} subtracted to generate a control deviation ω _diff . This control deviation ω _diff is z. B. further processed via a PI member (23) to avoid permanent control deviations to a motor torque setpoint M _ref . The transfer functions (27), (28) symbolize the dynamic behavior of the current controller (motor controller) and the mechanical system to be controlled.
The state of motion (α _ex and ω _ex ) is detected by a position sensor 29. The output of this position sensor is the position value α _ex . α _ex is fed as a feedback value to the subtraction element (S1) for comparison with α _ref . Furthermore, in the differentiator (24) the time derivative of α _{ref is} formed to be ω _be supplied to the subtractor (S2).

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

investor

2, 2 ', 2 "

processing station

3

stripping

4

boom

5

machine housing

6

bow

7

transport system

8, 8 ', 8 "

gripper carriages

9, 9 ', 9 "

under table

10, 10 ', 10 "

overtable

11

trimmings

12

dare

13

palette

14

stack

15

Sheet travel plane

16, 16 ', 16 "

hydraulic cylinders

17

Setpoint generator

18, 18 '

drive motor

19, 19 '

press drive

20, 20 '

Reduction gear

21

Bevel

22, 22 '

eccentric

23

Proportional / integral regulator

24

differentiator

25

proportional controller

26, 26 '

Connecting gear between press drive and king shaft

27

motor controller

28

mechanics

29

position sensor

100

Sheet punching and embossing machine

A

arrow

B

arrow

F

Sheet conveying direction

x, x ', x "

Movement of the gripper carriage

z, z ', z "

Lifting movement of the upper table

α _ref

Machine reference angle

α _diff

deviation

ω _ref

Homing speed

ω _ref

deviation

α _ex

Exzenterwellenwinkel

ω _ex

eccentric shaft

S1, S2

subtraction

Claims (22)

1. Sheet-fed die-cutting and embossing machine for processing sheets of paper, board and the like, with multiple processing stations that include a tool that is fixed to the frame and a movable tool and with a transport device for transporting the sheets through the individual processing stations,
   characterized by
   the fact that the movable tools are moved by respective separate drives, which are controlled by closed-loop position control in such a way that the lifting movement of the movable tool of each of the processing stations is individually adjustable.
2. Sheet-fed die-cutting and embossing machine according to Claim 1,
   characterized by
   the fact that the separate drives are hydraulic cylinders.
3. Sheet-fed die-cutting and embossing machine according to Claim 1 or 2,
   characterized by
   the fact that the pistons of the hydraulic cylinders are fixed to the movable tool and the cylinders are fixed to the frame.
4. Sheet-fed die-cutting and embossing machine according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized by
   the fact that the desired value for the movement of the movable tool is defined individually as a function of a global machine angle generated by a desired-value generator.
5. Sheet-fed die-cutting and embossing machine according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized by
   the fact that the upper table carries the movable tool.
6. Sheet-fed die-cutting and embossing machine according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized by
   the fact that the lower table carries the movable tool.
7. Sheet-fed die-cutting and embossing machine according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized by
   the fact that the movable tool is moved via at least one hydraulic cylinder.
8. Sheet-fed die-cutting and embossing machine according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized by
   the fact that the movable tool is moved via multiple hydraulic cylinders.
9. Sheet-fed die-cutting and embossing machine according to Claim 8,
   characterized by
   the fact that, in terms of their point of engagement, the hydraulic cylinders are freely positionable on the movable tool.
10. Sheet-fed die-cutting and embossing machine according to Claim 8,
    characterized by
    the fact that the cylinders may be designed to have different strengths.
11. Sheet-fed die-cutting and embossing machine according to Claim 8,
    characterized by
    the fact that in terms of position and pressure, the cylinders are subject to individual closed-loop control.
12. Sheet-fed die-cutting and embossing machine according to Claim 8,
    characterized by
    the fact that a pump-controlled system is used for the purpose of closed-loop position control.
13. Sheet-fed die-cutting and embossing machine according to any one of Claims 1 to 10,
    characterized by
    the fact that a resistance-controlled system is used for the purpose of closed-loop position control.
14. Sheet-fed die-cutting and embossing machine according to Claim 1,
    characterized by
    the fact that each movable tool is driven by a respective flywheel drive.
15. Sheet-fed die-cutting and embossing machine according to Claim 14,
    characterized by
    the fact that the power flow of the flywheel is directly coupled to the tool.
16. Sheet-fed die-cutting and embossing machine according to Claim 14,
    characterized by
    the fact that to synchronize the various drives, a small gearing mechanism is provided that does not have to transmit much power.
17. Sheet-fed die-cutting and embossing machine according to Claim 16,
    characterized by
    the fact that the gearing mechanism is designed as a vertical shaft.
18. Sheet-fed die-cutting and embossing machine according to Claim 15,
    characterized by
    the fact that the synchronization is achieved by drive motors for the flywheels, the individual drive motors being individually driven as servo drives.
19. Sheet-fed die-cutting and embossing machine according to Claim 1,
    characterized by
    the fact that at least one movable tool is driven mechanically.
20. Sheet-fed die-cutting and embossing machine according to Claim 1,
    characterized by
    the fact that at least one movable tool is driven hydraulically.
21. Sheet-fed die-cutting and embossing machine according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized by
    the fact that the transport device for transporting the sheets through the individual processing stations consists of at least one linear drive.
22. Sheet-fed die-cutting and embossing machine according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized by
    the fact that the processing stations include at least one die-cutting and/or embossing station.

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