Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
  • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
  • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
  • B04B5/04—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
  • B04B5/0442—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
  • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
  • B04B11/00—Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls
  • B04B11/08—Skimmers or scrapers for discharging ; Regulating thereof
  • B04B11/082—Skimmers for discharging liquid
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
  • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
  • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
  • B04B5/10—Centrifuges combined with other apparatus, e.g. electrostatic separators; Sets or systems of several centrifuges
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
  • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
  • B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
  • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
  • B04B9/00—Drives specially designed for centrifuges; Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing; Suspending or balancing rotary bowls
  • B04B9/12—Suspending rotary bowls ; Bearings; Packings for bearings
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
  • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
  • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
  • B04B5/04—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
  • B04B5/0442—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
  • B04B2005/0478—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation with filters in the separation chamber
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
  • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
  • B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges
  • B04B2007/005—Retaining arms for gripping the stationary part of a centrifuge bowl or hold the bowl itself

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a disposable device for the continuous separation by centrifugation of a physiological liquid, especially blood, comprising a fixed axial input and output element about the axis of which a centrifuge chamber in plastic material is rotatably mounted, an inlet channel for centrifugal blood longitudinally traversing said axial input and output element and whose dispensing opening is close to the bottom of said centrifuge chamber an outlet passage for at least one separate component, the inlet opening of which is in proximity to the end of the said enclosure opposite the bottom and in a zone of concentration of at least one of the separate constituents having the lowest specific mass to withdraw it continuously, this passage passing through a longitudinal portion of said fixed axial input and output element, a rotating anointing between said fixed axial element and said centrifuge chamber.
• the known cups or separation bowls of this type are intended for semi-continuous separation, which consists in progressively evacuating the plasma separated from the red blood cells and storing the red blood cells.
• the reason why the red blood cells are not removed from the separation chamber as they are separated, as the plasma is because the tangential force applied to them is relatively high and the deceleration that it would suffer during the abrupt passage in a fixed evacuation duct would cause a high rate of hemolysis.
• the flexible tube rotating on itself at the speed - ⁇ is subjected, at a tensile stress generated by the centrifugal force, to a bending stress due to the rotation on itself of the portion of the tube forming the open loop at the speed - ⁇ , as well as to a heating generated by the work of the viscous forces in the material due to the aforementioned bending.
• the temperature In the case of centrifugation of blood, the temperature must not be> 40 ° C.
• the rotational speed of the centrifuge bowl is limited, so that the diameter of this bowl can not be too small or it could affect the quality of the separation.
• the drive mechanism of the bowl and the flexible tube is relatively complex and expensive.
• centrifugal separators comprising a rigid conical conical centrifuge bowl, the supply and discharge of the separated components is performed by fixed ducts engaged in an upper axial opening of the bowl. Given the bell shape of these enclosures, it is not possible to form a flow of the liquid to be separated. Indeed, the heaviest phase, the red blood cells remains in the larger diameter part of the truncated cone.
• the red blood cells are removed by a duct whose admission is approximately halfway up the enclosure thanks to a complex network of internal baffles.
• the plasma is withdrawn thanks to this same complex network of baffles, by a conduit whose admission is located towards the top of the enclosure.
• the red blood cells are extracted by suction through a conduit whose admission is adj acente at the bottom of the enclosure.
• the object of the present invention is to provide a device for the continuous separation by centrifugation of a physiological liquid, especially blood according to claim 1.
• the main advantage of this device is its small volume and the fact of allowing a continuous separation with fixed supply and discharge ducts.
• the small volume makes it possible to reduce the cost of the device and consequently also the volume of the centrifugal separator.
• a small volume centrifuge chamber makes it possible to reduce the time during which the liquid to be separated is subjected to separation forces, and thus to reduce the rate of hemolysis and platelet activation.
• the tubular centrifugal receptacle has a cylindrical tightening at its upper end to engage with guide rollers and in which a rotary seal is housed between the fixed axial element and the receptacle to guarantee the sterility of the liquid. during centrifugation.
• the small diameter of the cylindrical tightening makes it possible to reduce the tolerance of this diameter by reducing the amount of shrinkage of the plastic, the importance of which is proportional to the size of the piece.
• the fact that the rotating junction also works on a part of small diameter makes it possible to reduce the heating.
• the precision of the guide of the centrifugation device makes it possible to use the joint only for sealing and not for compensating for the decentering defects of the rotating centrifuge chamber with respect to the fixed axial input and output element. As a result, the prestress to which the gasket must be subjected can be reduced to a minimum, that is to say that it is only a function of the only conditions necessary for sealing and is no longer hybrid organ, which also reduces heating.
• Fig. 1 is a front elevational view of a centrifugal separator for using the obj device of the present invention
• Figure 2 is a partial perspective view of Figure 1
• Figure 3 is a top view of Figure 2
• Figure 4 is a partial view in axial section on a larger scale of the first embodiment of the j eavable centrifugation device
• Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 4 of a second embodiment of this device.
• the housing of the centrifugal separator intended to use the device according to the present invention and illustrated schematically in FIG. 1 comprises two elongate centrifugation enclosures 1, 2 of tubular form.
• the first tubular centrifuge chamber 1 comprises a supply duct 3 which is connected to a fixed axial input and output element 4 of the centrifuge chamber 1.
• This supply duct 3 is connected to a device pump 5 which comprises two pumps 6 and 7 phase shifted by 180 ° one by relative to the other to ensure a continuous flow of a physiological fluid, especially blood.
• An air detector 10 is arranged along the supply duct 3.
• outlet ducts 8, 9 are connected to the fixed axial element 4, to allow the continuous outlet of two components of different densities of the physiological fluid.
• the outlet duct 8 is intended for the outlet of the RBC concentrated red blood cells and the duct 9 for the outlet of the platelet rich PRP plasma.
• This outlet duct 9 comprises a valve 11 and divides into two branches 9a, 9b.
• the branch 9a serves to recover the platelet concentrate and is controlled by a valve 12.
• the valves 11 and 12 operate in exclusive OR logic either - to pass the PRP from the chamber 1 to the chamber 2, or to empty the concentrate platelet from chamber 2 to exit 9a.
• the branch 9b serves to drive the PRP to a pumping device 13 comprising two pumps 14 and 15 phase-shifted by 180 ° and serving to ensure the continuous supply of the second tubular centrifuge chamber 2 via a supply duct. connected to a fixed axial element 17 of the second centrifugal tubular enclosure 2. An outlet conduit 24 for the PPP-poor plasma is also connected to the fixed axial element 17.
• FIG. 2 shows the driving and guiding mode of the centrifugal tubular enclosure 1.
• the set of driving and guiding elements of the centrifugal tubular enclosure is located on the same support 18 connected to the centrifugal separator housing by. an anti-vibration suspension 19 of silentbloc type.
• the support 18 has a vertical wall whose lower end terminates in a horizontal support arm 18a to which is attached a drive motor 20.
• the drive shaft 20a of this motor 20 has a polygonal shape, such as a Torx profile, complementary to an axial recess formed in a small tubular element la which protrudes under the bottom of the centrifugal tubular enclosure 1.
• the coupling between the drive shaft of the motor 20 and the tubular element la must be realized with a very high precision, to ensure extremely precise guidance of this end of the tubular centrifuge chamber 1.
• the upper end of the tubular centrifugal chamber 1 comprises a cylindrical axial guide element Ib of diameter substantially smaller than that of the tubular centrifugal chamber 1, which protrudes on its upper face.
• the cylindrical face of this element Ib is intended to engage three centering rollers 21 which can be seen, in particular in FIG. 3.
• One of these rollers 21 is integral with an arm 22, one end of which is pivotally mounted. on an upper horizontal part 18b of the support 18. This arm 22 is subjected to the force of a spring
• a device for locking the angular position of the arm 22 corresponding to that in which its bracket 21 bears against the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical axial guide element Ib is provided, in order to avoid having too much prestressing of the associated spring. on the arm 22.
• the span between the cylindrical axial guide element Ib and the upper end of the tubular enclosure 1 serves, in cooperation with the centering rollers 21, axial stop the, preventing the uncoupling between the drive shaft of the motor 20 and the axial recess of the tubular element projecting under the bottom tubular chamber 1.
• An elastic element for centering and fixing 23 of the fixed axial input and output element 4 of the tubular centrifugation chamber is integral with the upper horizontal part 18b of the support 18.
• This element 23 comprises two elastic branches. symmetrical, semicircular shapes each terminating in an outwardly curved portion, for transmitting to these elastic limbs forces to separate them from each other during the lateral introduction of the axial fixed element 4 of entry and exit between them.
• the centrifugal tubular enclosures will have a diameter of between 10 and 40 mm, preferably 22 mm, and will be driven at a speed of rotation of between 5000 and 100 000 rpm, so that the tangential speed at which the liquid is submitted does not exceed 26 m / s.
• the axial length of the tubular centrifuge chamber is advantageously between 40 and 200 mm, preferably 80 mm. Such parameters make it possible to ensure a liquid flow rate of between 20 and 400 ml / min (especially for dialysis), preferably 60 ml / min, corresponding to a liquid residence time of 5 to 60 seconds, preferably 15 s in the tubular enclosure.
• the tubular centrifuge chamber 1 intended to be associated with the centrifugal separator which has just been described. It can be specified here that all that has been explained in the foregoing description, with regard to the dimensions, the drive, the positioning and the guiding of the centrifugal tubular enclosure 1 also applies to the tubular enclosure On the other hand, the latter having only one outlet 24 for the PPP, is internally of simpler design than the tubular enclosure 1.
• the tubular enclosure 1 is made from of two parts which terminate in respective annular flanges Ic, Id welded to one another. The internal space of the enclosure is delimited by the essentially cylindrical wall of this enclosure.
• the axial fixed input and output element 4 penetrates into this tubular enclosure 1 through an axial opening formed through the cylindrical axial guide element Ib.
• the tightness between this axial opening integral with the chamber driven in rotation and the axial fixed element 4 is achieved by a tubular junction 25, a segment of which is fixed on a cylindrical portion of this axial fixed element 4 of entry and exit. while another segment is introduced into an annular space 26 of the cylindrical axial guide element Ib and bears on a convex surface of the tubular wall 27 separating the axial opening through the cylindrical axial guide element Ib.
• This sealing serves to preserve the sterility of the liquid contained in the centrifuge chamber.
• the part of the tubular junction 25 which bears on the tubular wall 27 undergoes a slight radial deformation to ensure the seal.
• the diameter on which the tubular seal 25 rubs is small and is preferably ⁇ 10 mm, in so that the heating is limited to acceptable values. It can be seen from the aforementioned possible dimensions given for the tubular centrifuge chamber, that the axial distance between the upper and lower centering and guiding means of this chamber is greater than five times the diameter of the centrifugal chamber. cylindrical element for axial guidance Ib. Given the accuracy with which the tubular enclosure 1 is guided and the accuracy that can be achieved by the relative positioning of the axial fixed element 4 of inlet and outlet, the anointment has practically no need to compensate for a defect.
• the axial input and output fixed element 4 comprises a tubular part 3a which extends the supply duct 3 connected to this axial fixed element 4 near the bottom of the centrifugal tubular chamber 1 to bring it there. the blood or other physiological fluid to be separated.
• the outlet ducts 8 and 9 connected to the fixed axial inlet and outlet element 4 each comprise an axial segment 8a, respectively 9a, which penetrates into the tubular enclosure and opens into the part of the axial fixed element 4d. inlet and outlet which is in the vicinity of the upper end of the tubular centrifuge chamber 1.
• the inlet end of each of these outlet ducts 8a, 9a is formed by a circular slot.
• Each of these slots is formed between two disks 28, 29, respectively 30, 31, integral with the fixed axial input and output element 4.
• the radial distance between the edges of the discs 28, 29 and the side wall of the enclosure 1 is less than the radial distance between the edges of the discs.
• the diameter of the part of the tubular centrifuge chamber 1 located in the exit zone of the PRP and the RBCs where the discs 28 to 31 are located is slightly larger than that of the rest of this enclosure. 1, so as to increase the respective thicknesses of the PRP and RBC layers to facilitate their separate exits.
• a dead space is formed between the adjacent disks 29 and 30. Its role is to trap leukocytes, whose density is between that of RBCs and platelets, but whose size is much greater than that of RBCs and platelets. .
• the disc 30 has a filter 30a to separate the leukocytes from the plasma and to trap in the dead space between the discs 29 and 30 only the leukocytes.
• the second embodiment of the tubular centrifuge chamber illustrated in FIG. 5 differs from that of FIG. 4 essentially in the presence of a dam 32.
• the latter has an annular shape, comprising a cylindrical portion 32a located in front of the circular inlet opening of the PRP formed between the discs 30 and
• this cylindrical portion 32a is chosen to be in the space between the edges of the discs 28, 29 of the side wall of the chamber 1 substantially corresponding to the diameter of the interface between the layers formed by the RBC and the PRP.
• the two ends of this cylindrical portion 32a end with flat rings, 32b, 32c.
• the plane ring 32b extends outside the cylindrical portion 32a, while the flat ring 32c extends within this cylindrical portion 32a.
• the ring 32b is accommodated externally • in a clearance of the annular flange and Id is clamped between the two flanges annulai- res Ic and Id.
• This ring 32b externally is further crossed by a plurality of openings 32d for allowing passage RBCs.
• This dam 32 has three roles to play. One is to create a physical barrier between the circulating inlet opening of the PRP located between the discs 30 and 31 and the RBCs, so as to prevent the swirl generated by the suction at the opening. Admittedly, there is a risk of re-mixing RBCs and PRP. A second role is to collect RBCs on the same diameter as the plasma, which decreases hemolysis because the edges of the disks 30, 31 forming the exit aperture of RBC dipping less deeply in the RBC layer. since all the discs 28 to 31 are of the same diameter. Finally, the third role is to retain at least partially the leucocytes inside the cylindrical portion 32a of the dam 32.
• a leucocyte filter similar to the filter 29a of Figure 4 may also be provided to trap leukocytes between the disks 29 and 30.

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• Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
• External Artificial Organs (AREA)
• Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

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Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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ID=34942891

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• 2005
  • 2005-01-25 EP EP05405038A patent/EP1683579A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2006
  • 2006-01-23 WO PCT/CH2006/000049 patent/WO2006079238A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2006-01-23 US US11/814,587 patent/US8070664B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2006-01-23 DE DE602006016762T patent/DE602006016762D1/de active Active
  • 2006-01-23 CA CA002592275A patent/CA2592275A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 2006-01-23 EP EP06700529A patent/EP1871530B1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2006-01-23 JP JP2007551529A patent/JP2008528066A/ja active Pending
  • 2006-01-23 AT AT06700529T patent/ATE480333T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2006-01-23 AU AU2006208525A patent/AU2006208525A1/en not_active Abandoned
• 2011
  • 2011-11-02 US US13/287,551 patent/US8348823B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related

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