Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
  • A61L9/015—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone
  • A61L9/02—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone using substances evaporated in the air by heating or combustion
  • A61L9/03—Apparatus therefor
  • A61L9/037—Apparatus therefor comprising a wick
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
  • A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
  • A01M1/20—Poisoning, narcotising, or burning insects
  • A01M1/2022—Poisoning or narcotising insects by vaporising an insecticide
  • A01M1/2061—Poisoning or narcotising insects by vaporising an insecticide using a heat source
  • A01M1/2072—Poisoning or narcotising insects by vaporising an insecticide using a heat source combined with a fan
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
  • A01M1/00—Stationary means for catching or killing insects
  • A01M1/20—Poisoning, narcotising, or burning insects
  • A01M1/2022—Poisoning or narcotising insects by vaporising an insecticide
  • A01M1/2061—Poisoning or narcotising insects by vaporising an insecticide using a heat source
  • A01M1/2077—Poisoning or narcotising insects by vaporising an insecticide using a heat source using an electrical resistance as heat source
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
  • A61L9/015—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone
  • A61L9/02—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone using substances evaporated in the air by heating or combustion
  • A61L9/03—Apparatus therefor
  • A61L9/035—Apparatus therefor emanating multiple odours
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
  • A61L9/015—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone
  • A61L9/04—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone using substances evaporated in the air without heating
  • A61L9/12—Apparatus, e.g. holders, therefor
  • A61L9/122—Apparatus, e.g. holders, therefor comprising a fan
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
  • A61L9/015—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone
  • A61L9/04—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using gaseous or vaporous substances, e.g. ozone using substances evaporated in the air without heating
  • A61L9/12—Apparatus, e.g. holders, therefor
  • A61L9/127—Apparatus, e.g. holders, therefor comprising a wick
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L2209/00—Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
  • A61L2209/10—Apparatus features
  • A61L2209/13—Dispensing or storing means for active compounds
  • A61L2209/134—Distributing means, e.g. baffles, valves, manifolds, nozzles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L2209/00—Aspects relating to disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
  • A61L2209/10—Apparatus features
  • A61L2209/13—Dispensing or storing means for active compounds
  • A61L2209/135—Vaporisers for active components

Definitions

• the present invention relates to delivery systems for emitting or releasing volatile materials to the atmosphere. More specifically, the invention relates to energized delivery systems for delivering one or more distinct volatile materials.
• a device to evaporate a volatile composition into a space, particularly a domestic space, e.g., a bathroom, to provide a pleasant aroma.
• the most common of such devices is the aerosol container, which propels minute droplets of an air freshener composition into the air.
• Another common type of dispensing device is a dish containing or supporting a body of gelatinous matter which when it dries and shrinks releases a vaporized air-treating composition into the atmosphere.
• Other products such as deodorant blocks are also used for dispensing air-treating vapors into the atmosphere by evaporation.
• Another group of vapor-dispensing devices utilizes a carrier material such as paperboard impregnated or coated with a vaporizable composition.
• a problem with such an arrangement is that a person occupying the space will quickly become accustomed to the perfume or fragrance and, after a while, will not perceive the fragrance strength as being as intense or may not notice it at all. This is a well-known phenomenon called habituation.
• One effort to deal with the problem of habituation is described in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US 5,755,381, to Seiichi Yazaki.
• the Yazaki. patent discloses an aroma emission device for emitting aroma from an aromatic liquid for a certain period of time at a uniform level of aroma.
• the device comprises a vessel that is partitioned via a portioning plate into an upper compartment and a lower compartment, having an air tube penetrating through a top cover portion and a bottom cover portion.
• Perforation is provided in the portioning plate to allow the upper and lower compartments to communicate with each other.
• the aromatic liquid held in the upper compartment flows down through the perforation into the partitioning plate and builds up in the empty portion of the bottom compartment.
• Aroma-laden air is released via the air tube of the lower compartment.
• the device can be repeatedly used by placing the vessel of the device upside down at any time.
• the Yazaki. patent appears to be directed to a device which can be operated as a water clock. That is, as the fluid travels from upper one compartment to the lower compartment, the device emits an aromatic fragrance and then stops itself when the fluid transfer is complete.
• the Yazaki patent does not mention the use of evaporative surface devices to deliver the perfume or aromatic fragrance, rather aroma-laden air of the Yazaki device is released via the use of an air tube located in the lower compartment.
• the Yazaki aromatic fragrance is delivered as a temporary emission. It is specifically designed not to be continuous.
• Evaporative surface device devices such as, wicking devices
• wicking devices are well known for dispensing volatile liquids into the atmosphere, such as fragrance, deodorant, disinfectant or insecticide active agent.
• a typical evaporative surface device utilizes a combination of a wick and emanating region to dispense a volatile liquid from a liquid fluid reservoir.
• Evaporative surface devices are described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 1,994,932; 2,597,195; 2,802,695; 2,804,291; 2,847,976; 3,283,787; 3,550,853; 4,286,754; 4,413,779; and 4,454,987.
• the evaporative surface device should be as simple as possible, require little or no maintenance and should perform in a manner that allows the volatile material to be dispensed at a steady and controlled rate into the designated area while maintaining its emission integrity over the life span of the device.
• nearly all of the relatively simple non-aerosol devices that are commercially available suffer from the same limitation.
• the emission becomes distorted over the life span of the device due to the fact that the more volatile components are removed first, leaving the less volatile components behind. This change of the composition with time eventually results in a weakening of the intensity of the fragrance since the less volatile components evaporate more slowly.
• a volatile material delivery system (hereinafter “delivery system") is provided.
• the delivery system comprising at least one volatile material, provides a continuous maintenance level emission of at least one volatile material and/or a temporary boost level emission of at least one volatile material.
• the volatile material comprises one or more perfume components, a portion of which have a high Ko vat's Index. In one embodiment, at least about 40 weight percent of the perfume components have a Kovat's Index of 1500 or more.
• an energized volatile material delivery system uses a source of heat, gas, or electrical current, however, the at least one volatile material is not mechanically delivered by an aerosol.
• the delivery system may further comprise: (a) at least one container comprising at least one fluid reservoir; (b) at least one evaporative surface device opening located in the at least one container; (c) at least one evaporative surface device, having at least some longitudinal exposure, is at least partially located in the evaporative surface device opening and in the fluid reservoir; wherein the evaporative surface device is fluidly connected to the volatile material; (d) optionally at least one by-pass tube; and (e) optionally one or more secondary evaporative surface devices.
• a delivery system comprising at least one volatile material from a single source, or alternatively from multiple sources.
• the at least one volatile material may be a composition containing a variety of volatile materials, as well as, non-volatile materials in any amount.
• the one or more volatile materials may have various volatility rates over the useful life of the delivery system.
• the consumer can control the volume of the volatile material delivered to the evaporative surface device to provide for uniform emissions and to enhance the perception of desired olfactory effect, for example, for malodor control.
• the delivery system described herein can comprise any type of dosing device, including, but not limited to: collection basins, pumps, and spring-action devices.
• the delivery system may also be configured to reduce spillage of the volatile material when overturned on its side.
• a kit comprises (a) a package; (b) instructions for use; and (c) an energized volatile material delivery system comprising at least one volatile material, wherein said delivery system provides a continuous maintenance level emission of at least one volatile material and/or a temporary boost level emission of at least one volatile material, wherein said volatile material is not mechanically delivered by an aerosol.
• Figs. 1, 2, 3a, and 4 show cross-sections of a delivery system.
• Fig. 3b shows a cross-section of a delivery system with a gutter.
• Fig. 5a show side views of a delivery system.
• Fig. 5b shows a cross-section of an evaporative surface device.
• Fig. 10c shows a cross-section of a pleated wick.
• Fig. 13a and 14 show perspective views of a delivery system.
• Fig. 13b shows a top view of a delivery system.
• the present invention relates to delivery systems for emitting or releasing volatile materials to the atmosphere.
• the invention relates to delivery systems that deliver at least one volatile material during the maintenance level emission and/or boost level emission modes.
• the delivery system uses a source of heat, gas, or electrical current, however, the volatile material is not mechanically delivered by an aerosol.
• An example of a delivery system using a source of electrical current is the use of an electric-powered fan.
• volatile materials refers to a material or a discrete unit comprised of one or more materials that is vaporizable, or comprises a material that is vaporizable without the need of an energy source. Any suitable volatile material in any amount or form may be used.
• volatile materials thus, includes (but is not limited to) compositions that are comprised entirely of a single volatile material. It should be understood that the term “volatile material” also refers to compositions that have more than one volatile component, and it is not necessary for all of the component materials of the volatile material to be volatile. The volatile materials described herein may, thus, also have non- volatile components.
• the volatile materials of interest herein can be in any suitable form including, but not limited to: solids, liquids, gels, and combinations thereof.
• the volatile materials may be encapsulated, used in evaporative surface devices (e.g. evaporative surface devices), and combined with carrier materials, such as porous materials impregnated with or containing the volatile material, and combinations thereof.
• carrier materials such as porous materials impregnated with or containing the volatile material, and combinations thereof.
• Any suitable carrier material in any suitable amount or form may be used.
• the delivery system may contain a volatile material comprising a single-phase composition, multi-phase composition and combinations thereof, from one or more sources in one or more carrier materials (e.g. water, solvent, etc.).
• volatile materials include, but are not limited to pleasant or savory smells, and, thus, also encompass materials that function as fragrances, air fresheners, deodorizers, odor eliminators, malodor counteractants, insecticides, insect repellants, medicinal substances, disinfectants, sanitizers, mood enhancers, and aroma therapy aids, or for any other suitable purpose using a material that acts to condition, modify, or otherwise charge the atmosphere or the environment.
• a malodor control composition may include, but is not limited to: odor-neutralizing materials, odor blocking materials, odor masking materials, and combinations thereof.
• the term "energized,” when referring to the delivery system of the present invention, means that the delivery system uses a source of heat, gas or electrical current to aid in the delivery of the volatile material to the atmosphere. Examples include the use of heating elements to heat a wick or gelled material and the use of electrical current to power a delivery device such as a fan.
• the wick of the present invention can pass through a heating block. When active, the heating block will heat the wick, resulting in the delivery of volatile material.
• the heating block can be used to provide a temporary boost in delivered volatiles by allowing the user to activate the block for a period of time. Such a period of time may be predetermined or independently controlled by the user, perhaps by the use of an "ON/OFF" switch.
• a fan is placed behind the evaporative surface. When active, the fan will blow air over the evaporative surface, resulting in the delivery of volatile material.
• the fan can be used to provide a temporary boost in delivered volatiles by allowing the user to activate the fan for a period of time. Such a period of time may be predetermined or independently controlled by the user, perhaps by the use of an "ON/OFF" switch.
• both a heating block and fan may be used, with one energy source providing a base level of volatile delivery and the other energy source providing a temporary boost.
• a heating block could be used to provide a constant level of volatile delivery, while a fan could be temporarily activated for a boost in volatile delivery, or vise versa.
• Kovat's Index (KI, or Retention Index) is defined by the selective retention of solutes or perfume raw materials (PRMs) onto the chromatographic columns. It is primarily determined by the column stationary phase and the properties of solutes or PRMs. For a given column system, a PRM's polarity, molecular weight, vapor pressure, boiling point and the stationary phase property determine the extent of retention. To systematically express the retention of analyte on a given GC column, a measure called Kovat's Index (or retention index) is defined. Kovat's Index (KI) places the volatility attributes of an analyte (or PRM) on a column in relation to the volatility characteristics of n-alkane series on that column. Typical columns used are DB-5 and DB-I .
• the Kovat's index of a PRM, x, eluting at time f, between two n-alkanes with number of carbon atoms n and N having corrected retention times t' n and t' ⁇ respectively will then be calculated as:
• the delivery system may contain volatile materials in the form of perfume oils.
• volatile materials are volatile essential oils.
• the volatile materials may comprise one or more volatile organic compounds which are commonly available from perfumery suppliers.
• the volatile materials can be synthetically or naturally formed materials. Examples include, but are not limited to: oil of bergamot, bitter orange, lemon, mandarin, caraway, cedar leaf, clove leaf, cedar wood, geranium, lavender, orange, origanum, petitgrain, white cedar, patchouli, lavandin, neroili, rose absolute, and the like.
• emissioned materials or fragrances the different volatile materials can be similar, related, complementary, or contrasting.
• the gravity-aided nature of the present delivery system provides opportunities to use a broader range of perfume components than was previously available in an evaporative system. Since all liquid elements of the perfume are drawn through the wick by gravity, heavier perfume components (having a higher KI) can be used without the typical issues (i.e., they settle to the bottom of the container and do not evaporate at the same rate as the other perfume components).
• the volatile material includes perfume components (also called perfume raw materials - "PRMs”), a portion of which have a high Kovat's Index (KI).
• At least about 40 percent (by weight) of the perfume components have a gas chromatographic Kovat's Index (as determined on 5% phenyl- methylpolysiloxane as non-polar silicone stationary phase) of 1500 or more. More preferably, at least about 50 percent (by weight) of the perfume components have a KI of 1500 or more. Still more preferably, at least about 60 percent (by weight) of the perfume components have a KI of 1500 or more. In another embodiment, at least about 5 percent (by weight) of the perfume components have a gas chromatographic Kovat's Index (as determined on 5% phenyl-methylpolysiloxane as non-polar silicone stationary phase) of 1800 or more. More preferably, at least about 7 percent (by weight) of the perfume components have a KI of 1800 or more. Still more preferably, at least about 10 percent (by weight) of the perfume components have a KI of 1800 or more.
• the volatile composition contains:
• the volatile composition contains:
• the volatile composition contains:
• a portion of the perfume components are highly polar or contain hydrophilic functionalities such as carboxylic, hydroxyl, amino, and combinations thereof.
• useful perfume components include, but are not limited to: vanillin, ethyl vanillin, coumarin, PEA (phenyl ethyl alcohol), cumminalcohol, cinnamic alcohol, eugenol, eucalyptol, cis-3-hexenol, 2-methyl patenoic acid, dihydromyrcenol, linalool, geranol, methyl anthranilate, dimethyl anthranilate, cabitol, cerol, terpineol, citronellol, ethyl vanillin, amyl salicylate, hexyl salicylate, benzyl salicylate, patchouli alcohol, menthol, isoment
• perfume components are highly substantive.
• Such perfume components may include the liquid forms of benzyl salacylate, Hercolyn D, methyl abietate, cinnamyl phenyl acetate and ethylene brassylate.
• a portion of the perfume components are highly “sensitive” (or unstable).
• the term “sensitive,” in this context, includes components that result from heat induced degradation reactions, such as the hydrolysis of esters, lactones, and acetels/ketal, etc.
• the term “sensitive,” in this context, also includes components that result from condensation reaction to form non-volatile species, such as Schiff-base formation, ester formation, dehydration reaction, and polymerization reactions, etc.
• Such perfume components may include the liquid forms of flor acetate, lactones, methyl anthranlate with aromatic aldehydes, D-Damascones, and ionones.
• the different emissions can be related to each other by a common theme, or in some other manner.
• An example of emissions that are different, but complementary might be a cinnamon emission and an apple emission.
• the different emissions can provided using a plurality of delivery systems each providing a different volatile material (such as, musk, floral, fruit emissions, etc).
• the maintenance level emission of volatile materials may exhibit a uniform intensity until substantially all the volatile materials are exhausted from the delivery system source at the same time.
• uniformity can be expressed in terms of substantially constant volatility rates over the life of the volatile material delivery system.
• continuous with regard to the maintenance level emission, means that although it is desirable for a delivery system to provide a uniform maintenance level emission mode which continuously emits until all of the volatile materials are substantially depleted (and optionally, for this to occur at approximately the same time in the case where there are one or more sources of the volatile materials), the maintenance level emission can also include periods where there are gaps in emission.
• the delivery of the maintenance level emission can be of any suitable length, including but not limited up to: 30 days, 60 days, 90 days, shorter or longer periods, or any period between 30 to 90 days.
• a higher, optionally uniform, intensity of volatile material(s) is emitted over a suitable emission duration, at which time the delivery system can automatically return to delivering volatile material(s) in the maintenance level emission mode without further human interaction.
• temporary with regard to the boost level emission, means that though it is desirable for the boost level emissions to emit at a higher intensity for a limited period of time after being activated and/or controlled by human interaction, the boost level emission can also include periods where there are gaps in emissions. Not to be bound by theory, it is believed that the higher intensity of the boost level emission depends upon a number of factors.
• the "perfume effect" of the volatile material includes, but are not limited to: the "perfume effect" of the volatile material; the volume of the volatile material delivered to the evaporative surface device for purposes of providing a boost level emission; the rate of delivery of the volatile material available from the source for boost level emissions; and the available surface area of the evaporative surface device during the delivery of the boost level emission.
• Any suitable volatile material, as well as, any suitable volatile material volume, rate of delivery, and/or evaporative surface area may also be used to raise and/or control the intensity of the boost level emission.
• Suitable volumes, rates of delivery, and surface areas are those in which the boost level emission exhibits an emission intensity greater than or equal to the maintenance level emission.
• the intensity of the boost level emission may be an increased and/or controlled by the consumer.
• the volume of the volatile material delivered to the evaporative surface device may also be controlled using a specific dosing device having a specific volume.
• a collection basin may be used to force a certain volume through the evaporative surface device.
• the collection basin may be made of any suitable material, size, shape or configuration and may collect any suitable volume of volatile material.
• the delivery system may comprise a collection basin, such as a unit dose chamber, that may be at least partially filled with at least some of the volatile material to activate the boost level emission.
• the unit dose chamber provides a controlled volume of the volatile material to an evaporative surface device, such as a evaporative surface device.
• Other dosing devices may include pumps and spring-action devices.
• evaporative surface device includes any suitable surface that allows for at least some evaporation of volatile materials. Any suitable evaporative surface device having any suitable size, shape, form, or configuration may be used. Suitable evaporative surface devices made from any suitable material, including but not limited to: natural materials, man-made materials, fibrous materials, non-fibrous materials, porous materials, non-porous materials, and combinations thereof. The evaporative surface devices used herein are flameless in character and include any device used for dispensing any type of volatile material (e.g. liquids) into the atmosphere (such as fragrance, deodorant, disinfectant or insecticide active agent). In certain non-limiting embodiments, a typical evaporative surface device utilizes a combination of a wick, gel, and/or porous surface, and an emanating region to dispense a volatile liquid from a liquid fluid reservoir.
• a typical evaporative surface device utilizes a combination of a wick, gel, and/or porous surface, and an emanating region to dispense
• any suitable increase in the rate of delivery or evaporative surface area is useful in raising and/or controlling the intensity of the boost level emission.
• the "rate of delivery” relates to the time the volatile material has to evaporate on the evaporative surface device before being returned to a container or fluid reservoir for storage.
• Suitable means for delivering the volatile material to the evaporative surface device may include, but is not limited to: inversion, pumping, or by use of a spring-action device.
• the addition of one or more evaporative surface devices such as, primary wicks or secondary wicks
• to the delivery system may be used to increase the surface area in order to increase intensity.
• the surface area of the secondary evaporative surface device can range from about 1 to about 100 times greater than the surface area of the primary evaporative surface device.
• the secondary evaporative surface device may be in fluid communication with other evaporative surface devices.
• the boost level emission may comprise volatile material emissions from both a primary evaporative surface device and/or a secondary evaporative surface device.
• the boost level emission may exhibit a boost emission profile of any suitable emission duration.
• suitable boost level emission durations may include, but are not limited to, durations from less than or equal to 10 minutes; or from about 10 minutes to about 2 hours; and alternatively, from about 2 hours to about 24 hours.
• the delivery system may maintain its character fidelity over time with periodic reversals in volatile material flow direction on the evaporative surface device. For example, over time the character fidelity of the delivery system may decrease due to fractionation (such as, partitioning effects) of at least one volatile material or by wick clogging.
• fractionation such as, partitioning effects
• the solution to both fractionation and wick clogging is to provide a suitable flow reversal on the evaporative surface device over a suitable duration.
• a suitable flow reversal of the evaporative surface device may consist of the activation of the boost level emission and emission over a suitable duration.
• volatile material flow reversal of the evaporative surface device resulting from inversion, pumping or by spring-action can substantially flush the wick in a manner sufficient to clear away some of the unwanted insoluble precipitates, fractionation and/or partitioning effects.
• character fidelity is at least partially restored by flushing the wick during the boost level emission.
• the consumer can revive the dynamic interactive scent experience by sensing the entire range of different volatile materials contained in the delivery system is a simple step.
• the delivery system described herein may be used for such things as fragrancing, malodor control, and insect repellant.
• insect control besides fragrancing and malodor control, can be achieved by adjusting the emission levels depending upon the number of insects in the immediate area.
• the maintenance level emission will likely be adequate to provide consumer comfort.
• the consumer may choose to deliver the boost level emission.
• Fig. 1 depicts a cross-section of a non-limiting embodiment of a delivery system 20 comprising at least one container 1 (and 2) comprising at least one wick opening 18 (and 19), at least one wick 5, at least one fluid reservoir 6 (and 7), and at least one volatile material 8.
• the delivery system and its components may be made in any suitable size, shape, configuration, or type, and from any suitable material. Suitable materials include, but are not limited to: metal, glass, natural fiber, ceramic, wood, plastic, and combinations thereof.
• the container 1 (and 2) may comprise the exterior surface of the delivery system 20, as such is subject to visual inspection as well as being picked up and manipulated by the consumer during use, or it may be housed in a shell (not shown).
• the wick 5 has at least some portion exposed to the atmosphere.
• the wick opening 18 (and 19) may be of any convenient size and shape and may located anywhere on the container 1 (and 2).
• the at least one wick opening 18 (and 19) allows a means of delivering the volatile material 8 to the atmosphere via the at least one wick 5 during the maintenance level emission and/or boost level emission modes.
• the container 1 (and 2) may be housed in a outer shell (not shown) which is desirably visually attractive and of suitable dimensions that it may be left in view in the area of usage for greatest effectiveness during evaporative dispensing. When more than one container 1 and 2 is present, they may be opposedly-connected and/or fluidly-connected as shown.
• the containers 1 and 2 are in fluid- communication via an evaporative surface device comprising a wick 5 having at least some longitudinal exposure to the atmosphere.
• the container 1 (and 2) may be attached to any other suitable component of the delivery system 20.
• containers 1 and 2 may be attached to each other via the wick 5, as part of a shell or housing (not shown), or by any other suitable means.
• the wick 5 is in fluid contact with at least some volatile material 8 some of the time.
• the volatile material 5 may be stored in either fluid reservoir 6 or 7.
• the longitudinal portion of the wick 5 provides enough exposed wick 5 surface area to allow suitable emission rates of the volatile material 8 during both the maintenance level emission and boost level emission modes.
• containers 1 and 2 and their corresponding fluid reservoirs 6 and 7 may be in fluid-communication with each other via the wick 5 or by any other suitable means (e.g. an enclosed channel or tube).
• any other suitable means e.g. an enclosed channel or tube.
• another purpose for connecting containers 1 and 2 with a wick 5 is to provide a way for excess volatile material 8, which is not evaporated or emitted, to be transported from the upper container 1 by gravity for collection and storage within the lower container 2 without substantial leaking when the delivery system 20 is inverted by the consumer.
• the wick fitting 3 (and 4) may function as a seal to hold at least some volatile material 8 in the delivery system 20.
• the wick fitting 3 (and 4) may be made of any suitable material in any suitable size, shape or configuration so as to sealably attach the wick 5 and/or any component to any component within the delivery system 20.
• the wick fitting 3 (and 4) may be attached to any portion of the delivery system 20 such that it aids in wick 5 loading and dosing without allowing substantial leakage of the volatile material 8 from the non-wick portion of the delivery system 20.
• the wick fitting 3 (and 4) may be inserted in the wick opening 18 (and 19), which is located in any suitable location on the container 1 (and 2) surface, such that the wick 5 or any other suitable component (not shown) may pass through the wick opening 18 (and 19) and enter at least a portion of the fluid reservoir 6 (and 7).
• the at least one wick opening 18 (and 19) and wick fitting 3 (and 4) are dimensioned to both accommodate the wick 5 and any other component, and to minimize excess volatile material 8 leakage from the delivery system 20 if the delivery system 20 is inverted or overturned by the consumer.
• the wick 5 may made of any suitable material in any suitable size, shape, or configuration, such that it functions as an wick to allow emission of the volatile material 8 by having at least some portion exposed to the atmosphere.
• the wick 5 may be located in any suitable location within the container 1 (and 2).
• the wick 5 may be at least partially located in the container 1 (and 2), the wick opening 18 (and 19), and/or the wick fitting 3 (and 4), being fluidly connected to the volatile material 8, which is stored in the fluid reservoir 6 (and 7) of the container 1 (and 2).
• the wick 5 may extend inside of the fluid reservoir 6 (and 7) to the container base 33 (and 34).
• the wick 5 may be of any suitable length which will maintain the fluid connection with even a small amount of volatile material 8 in the at least one fluid reservoir 6 (and 7) while in the maintenance level emission mode throughout the useful life of the delivery system 20.
• the at least one wick 5 may be positioned at any desired internal depth within the fluid reservoir 6 (and 7).
• the at least one wick 5 can optionally occupy the full internal length of the both fluid reservoirs 6 and 7 to maximize the emission delivery of the volatile material 8.
• the wick 5 is sealably fastened to the container 1 (and 2) in the location of the at least one wick opening 18 (and 19) via the wick fitting 3 (and 4).
• the wick fitting 3 (and 4) may sealably hold at least a portion of the wick 5 and other suitable component passing through the wick opening 18 (and 19).
• the wick fitting 3 (and 4) may fit snuggly around the at least one wick opening 18 (and 19) and the at least one wick 5, respectively, so as to prevent unwanted leakage of the volatile material 8 from the delivery system 20 in storage, during wick 5 loading or dosing of the wick 5 after inversion, pumping or by spring-action, or if toppled.
• the wick fitting 3 (and 4) may be affixed by any means (such as by friction, adhesion, etc) to the container 1 (and 2) so as to minimize unwanted volatilization of the volatile material 8 especially when not in use.
• the wick fitting 3 (and 4) may be optionally vented (not shown) in any suitable location so as to aid loading of the wick 5.
• There may be at least one container base 33 (and 34) to aid in stabilizing and/or hold the delivery system 20 in the proper configuration, such as, in the upright position during the maintenance level emission mode.
• the delivery system 20 may further comprise an additional resealable seal (not shown) for containing the volatile material in the container 1 (and 2).
• the delivery system 20 may further have a package seal (not shown) for covering the at least one wick 5 and/or delivery system 20 containing one or more of the volatile materials 8 described above when desired by the manufacturer or consumer, for instance, when the volatile material 8 is not desired to be emitted such as prior to sale or during extended periods away from the room to be fragranced.
• a package seal (not shown) for covering the at least one wick 5 and/or delivery system 20 containing one or more of the volatile materials 8 described above when desired by the manufacturer or consumer, for instance, when the volatile material 8 is not desired to be emitted such as prior to sale or during extended periods away from the room to be fragranced.
• Fig. 2a depicts a cross-section of another non-limiting embodiment of a volatile material delivery system 20 having two containers 1 and 2 which are opposedly-connected and fluidly-connected to each other via at least one by-pass tube 9 (and 10) and/or the at least one wick 5.
• the containers 1 and 2 having fluid reservoirs 6 and 7 for containing at least some volatile material 8, are fluidly connected via the at least one wick 5 and/or the by-pass tube 9 (and 10).
• the by-pass tube 9 (and 10) may connect to the container 1 (and 2) via a by-pass tube openings 15 and 17 (14 and 16) having any size, shape, or configuration.
• the by-pass tube 9 (and 10) may be formed as an integral component of the container 1 (and 2) or may provided as a separate component which is added to the container 1 (and 2).
• the by-pass tube 9 (and 10) may be made of any suitable material which is compatible with the container 1 (and 2) such that it may be suitably sealed or connected to the container 1 (and 2) and/or fluid reservoir 6 (and 7) in any configuration without fluid leakage.
• the by-pass tube openings 15 and 17 (14 and 16) allow for direct fluid communication of the volatile material 8 between the fluid reservoirs 6 and 7 via the by-pass tube 9 (and 10).
• the by-pass tube 9 (and 10), as well as the by-pass tube openings 14 and 16 (15 and 17) may be configured so as to allow for any suitable type of flow desired.
• the by-pass tube 9 (and 10) and/or the by-pass tube openings 14, 15, 16, and/or 17 may be each structurally modified to provide for open flow, one-way flow, restricted flow, or combination thereof, of any fluid that passes through these structures.
• by-pass tube openings 14 and 17 may be made with unrestricted flow while by-pass tube openings 15 and 16 may be made to collect fluid from only one direction or have a reduced flow to provide for aesthetic benefits, such as a dripping.
• This unique flow configuration gives the delivery system 20 the ability to provide the consumer with unusual visual interests since a modified flow of a volatile material 8 may attract attention to the delivery system.
• each container 1 (and 2) could share a portion of one or more fluid reservoirs 6 (and 7) such that at least some volatile material 8 may be present within the delivery system 20 in any particular location at any time.
• a container 1 (and 2) could, for instance, hold a least some volatile material 8 in both fluid reservoir 6 and fluid reservoir 7 immediately after loading or dosing of the wick 5 by inversion, pumping, or by spring-action.
• the volatile material 8 itself may also comprise any suitable adjunct ingredient in any suitable amount or in any suitable form. For example, dyes, pigments, and speckles may provide additional aesthetic benefits, especially when observed by the consumer during a modified flow configuration.
• the by-pass tube 9 may also serve both as an additional fluid reservoir for collecting a certain amount of the volatile material 8, and/or a means to divert a portion of a certain volume of volatile material 8 between the opposing fluid reservoirs 6 and 7 after mixing, pumping or inversion.
• the delivery system 20 may be designed to come to rest in a configuration such that at least one by-pass tube 9 or 10 is located so that it may collect at least some volatile material 8 from each fluid reservoir 6 and 7.
• the by-pass tube 9 or 10 acts as an additional fluid reservoir to decrease the potential for unwanted spillage and/or the escape of the volatile material 8 from the delivery system 20.
• the wick opening 18 (and 19) may be located anywhere on the exterior surface of the container 1 (and 2).
• the wick opening 18 (and 19) may be positioned on the exterior surface of the container 1 (and 2) such that it lies on a plane parallel to the plane of the container base 33 (and 34).
• a unit dose chamber 11 (and 12) may be located anywhere within the container 1 (and 2), and is generally within the fluid reservoir 6 (and 7).
• the unit does chamber 11 (and 12) is defined by the interior volume created within the fluid reservoir 6 (and 7) between the uppermost region of the at least one wick opening 18 (and 19) and the lowermost region of the by-pass tube openings 14 and 15 (16 and 17).
• the actual volume of unit dose chamber 11 (and 12) can vary depending on the size of the at least one fluid reservoir 6 and 7, the volume occupied by the at least one wick 5, and the amount of volatile material 8 delivered to the at least one unit dose chamber 11 and 12 upon inversion of the delivery system 20.
• the consumer can control the volume of volatile material delivered to the wick 5 via the unit dose chamber 11 (and 12) by adjusting the loading and/or dosing of the unit dose volume. This may be accomplished for example, by adjusting the amount of volatile material 8 pumped, or by manipulating the inversion of the container 1 (and 2), or by any other suitable means.
• the delivery system 20 may route excess volatile material 8 from the upper fluid reservoir 6 of container 1 , which is not collected in the at least one unit dose chamber 11 or absorbed by and/or is loaded onto the at least one wick 5, via the bypass tubes 9 and 10 via by-pass tube openings 14 and 15 to the lower fluid reservoir 7 via by-pass tube openings 16 and 17 for collection and storage in container 2.
• the unit dose chamber 10 (and 11) may contain at least some of the volatile material 8 upon inversion of the delivery system 20 and/or the container 1 (and 2).
• the by-pass tube 9 fill with some of the volatile material 8 released from the one or more fluid reservoir 6 (and 7), from the at least one unit dose chamber 11 9and 12), and/or from the wick 5.
• the unit dose chamber 11 in the upper fluid reservoir 6 When the unit dose chamber 11 in the upper fluid reservoir 6 is at least partially filled, loaded and/or dosed with at least some of the volatile material 8, the unit dose chamber 11 will deliver a controlled volume (e.g. unit dose) of the volatile material 8 to the wick 5 to provide the boost level emission to the atmosphere. What excess volatile material 8 that is not evaporated or emitted will be transported by the wick 5 and collected in the lower fluid reservoir 7 without substantial leakage.
• the delivery system 20 is also capable of delivering multiple controlled volumes and/or unit doses to enable the initiation of multiple boost level emissions for one or more of the following purposes: fragrancing, malodor control, insect repellency, mood setting, and combinations thereof.
• the dosing process allows a consumer to deliver a temporary boost level emission to a space whenever needed, for example for malodor control.
• Dosing of the wick 5 can be performed by any suitable means, for example, by inversion, by squeezing a bladder, by non-aerosol pumping, or by any other suitable means excluding the use of heat, gas, or electrical current.
• dosing may occur by inversion when the consumer simply turns the delivery system 20 upside down, setting the delivery system 20 on the container base 33 (and 34).
• the volatile material 8 that was originally stored in the lower fluid reservoir (6 or 7) is temporarily positioned in the upper fluid reservoir (6 or 7).
• the volatile material 8 begins to immediately drain from the upper fluid reservoir (6 or 7) and pass to the lower fluid reservoir (6 or 7) via gravity through the unit dose chamber (11 or 12), the wick 5, and/or the by-pass tube 9 (and 10).
• the boost level emission begins as the volatile material 8 is delivered to the at least one wick 5 via gravity along the portion of the wick 5 exposed to the atmosphere.
• the boost level emission may be substantially uniform in terms of volatility rates of volatile material 8, over the a portion of the life of the delivery system 20.
• At least some of the unit dose of volatile material 8 in the upper fluid reservoir (6 or 7) that passes from the unit dose chamber 11 (and 12) through the wick opening 18 (and 19) and the wick 5 will be emitted to the atmosphere. That portion of the unit dose that is not emitted may be delivered back to the lower fluid reservoir (6 or 7) via the wick 5 and/or the wick opening 19 (and 18).
• the boost level emission beings to slowly subside until unit dose either is emitted or passes through to the lower reservoir (6 or 7).
• the maintenance level emission automatically returns.
• the wick 5 draws volatile material 8 stored in the lower fluid reservoir (6 or 7) via capillary action to at least some portion of the wick that exposed to the atmosphere.
• the volatile material 8 may be emitted from the full length, or any portion thereof, of the exposed longitudinal wick 5 surface between wick openings 18 and 19.
• Figure 3a depicts a cross-section of another non-limiting embodiment of a volatile material delivery system 20 having two containers 1 and 2 which are opposedly-connected and fluidly-connected to each other via by-pass tubes 9 and 10 and/or the wick 5.
• by-pass tubes 9 and 10 are configured in such a manner as to create a convenient concave hand hold for ease of placement of the delivery system 20 and to provide protection of the wick 5 from damage if the delivery system 20 is inverted and/or toppled from its upright position and not placed on its container base 33 (and 34).
• the volume of the unit dose chamber for the boost level emission may be defined by the volume of volatile material 8 in the upper fluid reservoir (6 or 7) not collected by the by-pass tube 9 (and 10) for channeling back down to the lower fluid reservoir (6 or 7).
• the unit dose chamber walls 23, 24, 25 and 26 may be configured and located anywhere within the reservoir 6 (and 7) and/or the container 1 (and 2).
• the unit dose chamber 12 may have chamber walls 25 and 26 that are configured below the by-pass tube openings 16 and 17. The unit dose volume is then collected by the open end 22 of the unit dose chamber walls 25 and 26.
• other configurations of the chamber walls are also useful.
• the volume of the unit dose collected by the unit dose chamber 11 may be independent of the configuration by-pass tube 9 (and 10) and/or the by-pass tube openings 14 and 15.
• the unit dose chamber 11 may be located within the fluid reservoir 6 having walls 23 and 24 that extend above the location of the by-pass tube openings 14 and 15.
• a unit dose volume of volatile material 8 in the upper reservoir 6 may be collected in the unit dose chamber 11 via the open end 21 of the unit dose chamber walls 23 and 24 upon inversion, pumping or by spring-action of the delivery system 20.
• any additional component in any suitable size, shape, configuration, or material for joining or mating of the two containers 1 and 2 together, or for directing fluid flow within the delivery system 20 may be used.
• any suitable interior component may be provided within the fluid passageways of the delivery system 20 in order to aid and/or direct flow of the volatile material 8 in any desired location (such as, away from or towards the wick 5).
• Any suitable exterior component of the delivery system 20 and/or the container 1 (and 2) may be provided to aid in the performance of the delivery system 20.
• Fig. 3b depicts a cross-section of another non-limiting embodiment of a volatile material delivery system 20 having a gutter assembly.
• a gutter 138 located near the wick opening 18 (and 19) on the exterior surface of the container 2, is provided to collect excess volatile material 8 that may escape from the wick 5 and/or the wick opening 18 (and 19) after wick 5 loading and/or toppling of the delivery system 20.
• Any gutter 138 of any size, shape, configuration, or material may be used.
• the gutter is located in the area in or adjacent to the location of the wick opening 19.
• an absorbent material 139 is provided. Any suitable absorbent material 139 may be used in any suitable size, shape, or configuration.
• the absorbent material 139 may be made from any suitable materials that can substantially absorb and/or facilitate evaporation of the volatile material 8.
• the absorbent material 139 may comprise any suitable evaporative surface material.
• suitable absorbent material 139 may include paper, plastic, sponge, etc. Excess volatile material 8 that is collected in the gutter 138 may then be absorbed or reabsorbed by absorbent material 139 and redirected to the wick 5, the wick opening 19, or allowed to evaporate directly to the atmosphere.
• an absorbent material 139 may be placed in or near the location of the gutter 138 so as to aid in the collection of excess volatile material 8 that is not collected by the lower fluid reservoir 7.
• the absorbent material 139 may be made from wick 5 material in the shape of a thin washer or doughnut that is located in the gutter 138 and surrounds the at least one wick 5. It should be noted that the absorbent material 139 does not have to be in physical contact with either the wick 5 or the wick opening 19. It may be attached to any part of the exterior surface of the delivery system 20 by any suitable means (such as by friction, adhesion, fasteners, etc.). In fact, it does not have to be fixedly attached at all since it can be added or removed by the consumer as desired.
• the absorbent material 139 can freely slide along the longitudinal axis of the at least one wick 5 coming to rest in the area of the opposing gutter (not shown) wherein it can collect any excess volatile material 8 that may be present in the vicinity of the opposing wick opening (not shown), for example, during inversion, excess pumping, or toppling of the delivery system 20.
• Figure 4 depicts another non-limiting embodiment of a volatile material delivery system 20 having two containers 1 and 2 which are opposedly-connected and fluidly- connected to each other via a single by-pass tube 9 and/or the at least one wick 5.
• the bypass tube 9 may take any suitable size, shape, or configuration and be made of any suitable material.
• the by-pass tube 9 may be connected to the container 1 (and 2) by any suitable means at any suitable location.
• the by-pass tube 9 of similar material as the container 1 (and 2) may be formed in the shape of a spiral, sphere, or ellipse and is connected to the reservoir 6 (and 7).
• the by-pass tube 9 may be part of any component of the delivery system 20.
• the by-pass tube 9 may be integrated in the container 1 (and 2) and/or in the wick 5.
• the by-pass tube 9 may have one or more by-pass tube opening 15 (and 17) which allow fluid communication with the container 1 (and 2) without loss due to leaking or vaporization.
• the volatile material 8 may flow by gravity after inversion from the upper reservoir 6 to the lower reservoir 7 via the by-pass tube 9 and/or the at least one wick 5.
• the by-pass tube opening 15 (and 17) may be located anywhere on the surface of the container 1 (and 2) and may be located in such a manner as to allow the formation of a unit dose chamber 11 (and 12), located in the interior space of fluid reservoir 6 (and 7) between the wick opening 18 (and 19) and the by-pass tube opening 15 (and 17), for delivery of the optionally uniform, temporary boost level emission.
• the by-pass tube 9 may surround the wick 5 so as to protect the wick 5 from physical tampering or damage if the delivery system 20 is inverted and/or toppled from its upright position. This configuration aids in protecting children from unwanted or direct exposure to the volatile material 8 by discouraging contact with the wick 5.
• FIG. 5a depicts the exterior surface of a single integrated container 1 having one or more vent openings 35 on the integrated container 1.
• the one or more vent openings 35 allow the volatile material (not shown) to be emitted or delivered from the wick (not shown) to the atmosphere of the room or rooms that require treatment.
• an adjustable vent may be added to the container 1 of the delivery system 20 so that the width of the one or more vent openings 35 may be made adjustable and/or closeable. This allows the maintenance and boost level emission rates to be controlled by the consumer.
• the adjustable vent may be made of any suitable material, be of any suitable size or shape, and be located anywhere on or within the delivery system 20.
• a consumer may open, partially open, partially close, or close the one or more vent openings 35 by moving the adjustable vent (not shown) such that the desired amount of emission is delivered to the location needing treatment.
• Fig. 5b depicts a non-limiting embodiment of a evaporative surface device 40 having a wick 5, a wick fitting 3 (and 4), a wick fitting opening 43 (and 44), an optional wick fitting vent hole 27 (and 28), and a wick fitting flange 31 (and 32). All components of the evaporative surface device 40, may be made of any suitable material, and be of any suitable size, shape, or configuration.
• Each end of the at least one wick 5 may sealably fit into the wick fitting opening 43 (and 44) of the wick fitting 3 (and 4) so as to allow for fluid communication between fluid reservoirs (not shown) via the wick 5 but reduce unwanted leakage of the volatile material (not shown) from around the wick fitting opening 43 (and 44), the wick openings (not shown), or the container (not shown) during use or storage.
• Fig. 5c depicts a cross-section of another non-limiting embodiment having a single integrated container 1 having two fluid reservoirs 6 and 7 which are opposedly-connected and fluidly-connected to each other via by-pass tubes 9 and 10 and/or the at least one wick 5.
• the by-pass tube 9 (and 10) is configured within the interior of the single integrated container 1 in such a manner as to create a convenient concave hand hold for ease of placement of the delivery system 20 and to provide protection of the wick 5 from damage during inversion and/or if the delivery system 20 toppled from its upright position.
• the unit dose chamber 11 (and 12) is located within the fluid reservoir 6 (and 7) of the single integrated container 1.
• the one unit dose chamber 11 (and 12) can have walls 23 and 24 (25 and 26) in the shape of a cup with an open end 21 (and 22) for collection of the volatile material 8 when the delivery system 20 is inverted.
• the unit dose chamber 11 (and 12) may contain at least some of the volatile material 8 at anytime, especially immediately after inversion.
• the volatile material 8 may flow by gravity or by non-aerosol pump (not shown) via the by-pass tube 9 (and 10) and/or the wick 5 to the opposing fluid reservoir (6 or 7).
• the at least one wick opening 18 (and 19) allows penetration of the wick 5 to the fluid reservoir 6 (and 7).
• the unit dose chamber walls 23 and 24 may extend above the by-pass tube openings 14 and 15 (16 and 17) inside the at least one fluid reservoir 6 (and 7) when in the upright position or they may be at or below these openings depending on the at least one wick 5 loading requirements.
• the wick fitting bracket 36 (and 37) may be located in any suitable location on the integrated container 1 so as to accept and provide for a tight seal with the wick fitting 3 (and 4) and the wick 5.
• the wick fitting 3 (and 4) may be configured to tightly hold the wick 5 as it is placed in the wick fitting bracket 36 (and 37), which may be made to sealably enclose the wick fitting 3 (and 4) and/or the wick 5 to minimize leakage of the volatile material 8 at or from either or both the junctions of the wick fitting 3 (and 4) and the wick 5 or the wick fitting 3 (and 4) and the wick fitting bracket 36 (and 37).
• Fig. 6 depicts a cross-section of another non-limiting embodiment of a volatile material delivery system 20 having two containers 1 and 2 which are opposedly-connected and fluidly-connected to each other via the at least one by-pass tube 9, and/or the at least one wick 5.
• the by-pass tube 9 may be incorporated within the wick 5 itself. It can be located near but not in physical contact with the wick 5 or it can actually be in physical contact the wick 5.
• One or more by-pass tube opening 15 (and 17) may be located anywhere within the wick 5, the reservoir 6 (and 7), and/or the container 1 (and 2) of the delivery system 20.
• the by-pass tube 9 can enter the same wick opening 18 (and 19) as the wick 5 but can be made longer and be positioned away from the wick 5 so as to act as an alternative fluid reservoir for collecting volatile material 8 when and if the delivery system 20 is inverted and/or toppled.
• the bypass tube opening 15 (and 17) may be integrated within the wick opening 18 (and 19) such that both the by-pass tube 9 and the wick 5 pass through the same opening. In this case, only one seal (not shown) may be needed to prevent excess volatile material 8 from escaping the delivery system 20 during the boost level emission mode. This will reduce the costs of manufacture and reduce the potential for seal failure or leakage.
• the by-pass tube 9 also may be made of wick 5 material by simply creating a cavity within the wick 5 itself. There can be more than one by-pass tube 9 and/or wick opening 15 (and 17) in the same reservoir 6 (and 7) and/or in the same wick 5.
• Fig. 7a depicts the cross-section of another non-limiting embodiment of a delivery system 20 in the maintenance level emission mode.
• the delivery system 20 has two reservoirs 78 and 79, two by-pass tubes 9 and 10, one wick 5, and at least one multi-phase volatile material comprised of two or more separate and distinct phases 61 and 83. Any suitable multi-phase volatile material in any suitable amount, density and/or viscosity may be used.
• the multi-phase volatile material is stored in the lower fluid reservoir 79.
• the separate and distinct phases 61 and 83 may be delivered to the atmosphere via capillary action from the fluid reservoir 79 to the at least one wick 5 in any suitable order or sequence.
• the wick 5 may draw and deliver both phases in equal amounts from the reservoir 79 (and 80) to the atmosphere; and preferentially deliver phase 61 quicker than phase 83, and vice versa. Any other method that causes the wick 5 to preferentially draw and deliver fluid from one of the desired phases at a rate greater than that of the other at rest or equilibrium may be used.
• the length of the at least one wick 5 may be configured or height positioned within the fluid reservoir 80 such that it preferentially draws phase 61 during the maintenance level emission while at the same time not drawing on phase 83.
• Other means of providing differential uptake by the wick include, but are not limited to: providing different wick material types and/or designs, and adjusting the chemical properties of the different phases in the multi-phase volatile composition to modify uptake on the wick 5.
• Fig. 7b depicts the delivery system 20 in the boost level emission mode.
• the consumer inverts the delivery system 20.
• the lower fluid reservoir 79 (of Fig. 7a) becomes the upper fluid reservoir 79 of Fig. 7b.
• the multi-phase volatile material is collected in the unit dose chamber 80 while the excess multi-phase volatile material begins to drain to the lower fluid reservoir 78 via inlet openings 16 and 17 and by-pass tubes 9 and 10.
• the location of the at least one by-pass tube openings 16 and 17 may allow the consumer to fill the unit dose chamber 80 and/or the at least one wick 5 with a desired fluid phase.
• the character, as well as, the intensity of the multi-phase volatile material perceived by the consumer during the boost level emission may change upon mixing and/or displacement of the separate phases 61 and 83 of the multi-phase composition being collected in the unit dose chamber 80.
• Any suitable physical property or characteristic of the multi-phase volatile material 78 may be used to separate and preferentially load the at least one wick 5 with the desired phase.
• the density of the at least two separate and distinct phases of the multi-phase volatile material may control how and when a particular volatile material phase is delivered to the wick 5. For example, though a less dense phase 61 may enter the by-pass tubes 9 and 10 and flow faster upon mixing after inversion than a more dense phase 83, the more dense phase 83 may actually displace some or all of the less dense phase 61 in the unit dose chamber 80 given the proper configuration and/or conditions. When a portion of the more dense phase 83 displaces a portion of the less dense phase 61 in the unit dose chamber 80, the displaced less dense phase 61 may then be drained back to the lower fluid reservoir 78.
• the more dense phase 83 is preferentially delivered to the wick 5 and emitted to the atmosphere over the less dense phase 61.
• the same multi-phase volatile material at the maintenance level emission mode may exhibit a different character and/or intensity during the boost level emission mode.
• the viscosity of the at least two separate and distinct phases of the multiphase volatile material may control how and when a particular volatile material phase is delivered to the wick.
• the wick may be located at a specific height or in a specific position in the lower fluid reservoir so as to draw from the more viscous phase of the two or more volatile materials.
• the lower fluid reservoir becomes the upper fluid reservoir. Since the less viscous phase may flow faster than the more viscous volatile material, the unit dose chamber may be first filled with the less viscous phase. The more viscous volatile material, being slightly less or of similar density with the less viscous phase, is directed to the by-pass tubes and collected by the lower fluid reservoir via gravity.
• the less viscous volatile material is preferentially delivered to the wick and emitted to the atmosphere over the more viscous phase.
• Fig. 8a depicts the cross-section of another non-limiting embodiment of the volatile material delivery system 20 having at least one secondary wick 38.
• the at least one secondary wick 38 may be loaded with volatile material 8 at any time, for example, upon inversion of the delivery system 20 or by non-aerosol pump to deliver a boost level emission.
• the secondary wick 38 may aid in the delivery of an increased intensity of volatile material 8 to the atmosphere by increasing the evaporative surface area during the boost level emission mode.
• the secondary wick 38 made of any suitable material in any suitable size, shape, or configuration.
• the secondary wick 38 may in the shape of a flat washer, hollow ring, or doughnut, extending at least partially within the at least one fluid reservoir 6 (and 7) such as, just beyond the junction of the at least one wick opening 18 and 19 as shown.
• the secondary wick 38 may also be extended to any position within the fluid reservoir 6 (and 7), such as, to the full length of the interior fluid reservoir 6 (and 7) cavity, perhaps even touching the interior surface of the container base 33 (and 34).
• the secondary wick 38 may be in physical contact with the primary wick 5.
• Fig. 8b depicts the cross-section of another non-limiting embodiment of the volatile material delivery system 20 having at least one secondary wick 39 not in physical contact with the primary wick 5.
• Fig. 8c depicts the cross-section of another non-limiting embodiment of a multiple delivery system 100 having a plurality of individual delivery systems.
• the delivery system 100 may comprise of a plurality of separate containers 101, 102, 103 and 104 in any configuration, not all of which are physically-connected, opposedly-connected, or fluidly-connected.
• Containers 101 and 102 may be opposedly-connected, and/or fluidly-connected, but not necessarily physically-connected to containers 103 and 104, yet all may be housed in a single delivery system 100 or housing (not shown).
• Each pair of containers 101 and 102, and 103 and 104 may contain at least one reservoir or a pair of reservoirs 113 and 116, and 114 and 115, and respectively.
• Each pair of reservoirs 113 and 116, and 114 and 115 may have at least one by-pass tube 107 (and 108) and corresponding by-pass tube openings 109 and 111, (110 and 112) that fluidly-connects the opposing reservoir pairs as described above.
• different volatile materials may be provided in each of the fluid reservoir pairs.
• volatile material 117 may be provided in reservoir pair 113 and 116
• volatile material 118 may be provided in reservoir pair 114 and 115.
• wick 105 may be positioned in reservoir 116 so that the wick 105 extends the full length of the interior fluid reservoir 116 cavity of container 101 while the wick 105 extends only partially within the interior fluid reservoir 113 cavity of container 102.
• wick 106 may be positioned in reservoir 114 so that the wick 106 extends the full length of the interior fluid reservoir 114 cavity of container 103 while the wick 106 extends only partially within the interior fluid reservoir 115 cavity of container 104.
• a different fragrance may be emitted from each individual delivery system during the two separate maintenance level emission modes.
• the first maintenance level emission mode (A) wick 105 is immersed in volatile material 118 while at the same time wick 106 is non-immersed in volatile material 117. Thus, only wick 105 is active, emitting volatile material 118 via capillary action.
• the boost level emission mode the multiple delivery system 100 is inverted. The lower fluid reservoirs 115 and 116 become the upper fluid reservoirs.
• wicks 105 and 106 are individually loaded and/or dosed with the volatile material 118 and 117, respectively.
• the boost level emission mode When the boost level emission mode is completed and the volatile material 117 (and 118) drains to their respective lower reservoir pairs 114 (and 113) via either the by-pass tube 107 (and 108) or wick 105 (and 106), the second maintenance level emission mode automatically begins.
• wick 106 is immersed in volatile material 117 while at the same time wick 105 is non-immersed in volatile material 118. Thus, only wick 106 is active, emitting volatile material 117 via capillary action.
• the character of the boost level emission is different than both maintenance level emissions (A) and (B) which may be in turn be different in character from themselves.
• Fig. 9a, 9b, 9c, and 9d depict the cross-sections other non-limiting embodiments having a single container 1, at least one fluid reservoir 6 and at least one dosing tube 45 in the maintenance level emission mode.
• the inversion of the delivery system 20 in Fig. 9a is required to load and/or doses the wick 5 with a volatile material 8.
• the wick 5 is at least partially located inside the at least one fluid reservoir 6 and is fluidly-connected to at least some of the volatile material 8 that is stored in the at least one fluid reservoir 6.
• the dosing tube inlet opening 49 collects the volatile material 8, located within the fluid reservoir 6, in the dosing tube 45, which becomes at least partially filled with the volatile material 8.
• the delivery system 20 When the delivery system 20 is returned to the upright position by being placed back on its container base 34, at least some portion of the volatile material 8 is collected by the dosing tube 45.
• the collected portion of volatile material 8 then flows by gravity to the wick 5 via the dosing tube outlet opening 51 which is physically and/or fluidly-connected to the wick dosing chamber 54 which in turn is physically and/or fluidly-connected to the wick 5 and/or the at least one secondary wick 38.
• the wick dosing chamber 54 allows the volatile material 8 to wet the wick 5 and the secondary wick 38 with at least some of the volatile material 8 collected in the dosing tube 45 after inversion for delivery of the boost level emission. It should be noted that delivery of the maintenance level emission in this embodiment requires no mechanical action, such as inversion.
• the capillary loading of the wick 5 automatically returns after inversion.
• the capillary action automatically may continue until the delivery system 20 is substantially exhausted of the volatile material 8 by the emission processes.
• the embodiment of Figures 9b and 9c also require no mechanical step to deliver the maintenance level emission.
• the boost level emission is accomplished by loading the wick 5 and/or secondary wick 38 (and 39) with volatile material 8 via a squeezable bladder 47 or non-aerosol pump 48.
• Fig. 9b uses the squeezable bladder 47, which draws at least some volatile material 8 from the fluid reservoir 6 of container 1 via the dosing tube inlet opening 49.
• the volatile material 8 is collected in the dosing tube 45 and is collected in the bladder 47 via the bladder inlet opening 52 and is discharged to the dosing tube 46 via the bladder outlet opening 53 when the bladder is squeezed.
• the wick 5 and the optional secondary wick material may be loaded or dosed according to the method described above in Fig. 9a.
• the embodiment of Fig. 9c uses the same delivery concept except the squeezable bladder 47 is replaced with a non-aerosol hand pump 48.
• the non-aerosol hand pump 48 having pump inlet opening 56 and pump outlet opening 55, may be of any suitable type, size, shape, and/or dimension having a suitable pump head such that at least some volatile material 8 is delivered to the wick 5 and/or the secondary wick 38 and 39 when the non-aerosol hand pump is used with minimal mechanical effort.
• Fig. 9d depicts the cross-section another non-limiting embodiment of a delivery system 20 having two separate containers 1 and 50.
• the wick 5 is fluidly-connected to the volatile material 8 stored in the fluid reservoir 6 via the sealable wick opening 18.
• a maintenance level emission is provided by capillary action of the volatile material 8 via the at least one wick 5 to the atmosphere.
• the wick 5 may be of any suitable size or length and may extend within the reservoir 6 to the interior surface of the container base 34.
• Container 50 is fluidly connected to container 1 via a dosing tube 46.
• Container 50 may comprise a dosing funnel 71, a dosing diffuser 72, a collection base 73, a secondary fluid reservoir 57, and a secondary wick 38.
• the volatile material 8 of container 1 may be delivered to the secondary wick 38 of container 50 by any suitable means.
• the volatile material 8 is delivered to the dosing tube 46 via the dosing tube inlet opening 49.
• the volatile material 8 enters container 50 via the dosing tube outlet opening 51 where it is collected by an dosing funnel 71, which directs the volatile material 8 to the dosing diffuser 72, which delivers the volatile material 8 to the secondary wick 38.
• the secondary wick 38 is fluidly connected to the dosing diffuser 72 and the dosing funnel 71.
• the secondary wick 38 may also be fixedly connected to the dosing diffuser 72 and the container base 73 via any suitable connection.
• the secondary wick 38 may be any suitable size or shape.
• the secondary wick may be in the shape of a hollow cup, sphere or ring wherein the volatile material 8 flows by gravity from the dosing diffuser 72 through the secondary wick 38 to the container base 73.
• the secondary wick 38 may comprise from any suitable surface area.
• a suitable surface area may range from about 1 to about 100 times, or from about 1 to about 50 times, or from about 1 to about 20 times, or from about 1 to about 5 times more surface area than the at least one wick 5.
• the increase in wick surface area may be provided by any suitable means, such as by varying the pore size of the wick material or by pleating or folding the wick material.
• the embodiment of Fig 9d may initiate the boost level emission by inversion (or by any other suitable means) of container 1 such that volatile material 8 is delivered to the secondary wick 38 for boost level emission.
• volatile material 8 that is not collected onto the secondary wick 38 after being delivered via the dosing diffuser 72 may be collected in the secondary fluid reservoir 57, which is fluidly connected to the secondary wick 38.
• the secondary wick 38 may also be a porous solid, having an optional secondary fluid reservoir 57. The porous solid may absorb excess volatile material 8 not immediately emitted from the secondary wick 38 itself.
• the boost level emission will last until all of the volatile material 8 evaporates. For example, all the volatile material 8 that is loaded onto the secondary wick 38 or that is stored in the secondary fluid reservoir 57 will be delivered to the atmosphere via evaporation during the boost level emission.
• Figs. 10a and 10b depict the cross-sections another non-limiting embodiment of a delivery system 120 having an adjustable, high-surface area wick 58 that can deliver more or less volatile material 8 to the atmosphere depending on the amount of surface area exposed to the atmosphere.
• Fig. 10a represents the delivery system 120 at the equilibrium state wherein the least amount of surface area of the wick 58 is exposed to the atmosphere.
• the spring 75 is uncompressed in its equilibrium state. In the folded position at equilibrium, the wick 58 provides the maintenance level emission.
• the delivery system 120 comprises a wick spring assembly comprising an adjustable, high-surface area wick 58, a wick retraining ring 60, a spring 75, an optional damping device (not shown), a spring restraining device (not shown), optionally, a perforated protective shell 121, and at least one lever 122 for compressing the spring 75 via the wick restraining ring 60.
• the perforated protective shell 121 may be made of any suitable material in any size, shape, or configuration so as to allow for unrestricted emission flow of volatile material via the perforations (not shown), which may be any suitable size, shape or configuration.
• the perforations (not shown) may be a plurality of slots.
• the perforated protective shell 121 may provide for a vertical slot 123 that allows the lever 122, which is attached to the wick restraining ring 60, to travel the full length required for spring 75 compression.
• the wick spring assembly allows the consumer to configure or adjust the exposed surface areas of wick 58 in order to vary the intensity of the boost level emission. While using the lever 122 to compress the spring 75, the consumer may deliver the boost level emission without having to invert the delivery system 120.
• Fig. 10b represents the delivery system 120 in the maximum boost level mode.
• the spring 75 is fully compressed.
• the wick 58 may be made of any suitable material in any suitable shape or size such that when it is unrestrained, it opens or unfolds to expose its greatest surface areas to the atmosphere.
• the optional spring damping device (not shown) will allow variable boost level emission durations to be provided.
• the boost level emission mode ceases and the maintenance level emission mode automatically returns.
• the duration and intensity of the boost level emission may be controlled by the consumer by simply depressing the lever 122 to the desired position.
• Fig. 11 depicts the cross-section of another non-limiting embodiment of a delivery system 20 having a stability cradle 62.
• the stability cradle 62 may be made of any suitable material having any suitable size, shape, or configuration, such that the delivery system 20 is at least partially stabilized in a suitable dispensing position (for example, an upright positions) once placed in the stability cradle 62.
• the upright position in this case refers to any inclination greater than 45 degrees from vertical in any direction.
• the stability cradle 62 made be made of wood, metal, plastic and/or glass and may optionally have a recessed area 63 which when in contact with the at least one container base 34 adds at least some stability to the delivery system 20.
• the stability cradle 62 allows consumers the convenience of identifying a setting for the delivery system 20 in any room or location needing treatment (for example, living room, kitchen, bathroom, garage, backyard, etc.).
• the stability cradle 62 may allow for decorative items to be placed onto the structure in order to allow the consumer to personalize the delivery system 20.
• a colored veneer may be selected having many different decorative colors available for color coordination.
• the decorative items may be attached anywhere on the stability cradle 62 and/or delivery system 20 by any fastening means, such as fasteners, adhesives, lock and key devices, etc.
• Fig. 12 depicts the cross-section of another non-limiting embodiment of a delivery system 20 having at least one ballast 63 which may be made of any suitable material in any size, shape, or configuration, so as to provide at least some stability against overturning once the delivery system 20 is overturned by touching, shaking, unleveling toppling, or otherwise.
• suitable forms of suitable ballast materials include, but are not limited to: solids, liquids, gels, powders, granules, and combinations thereof.
• the ballast 63 may comprise any suitable material having any suitable weight in order to reduce overturning of the delivery system 20.
• the ballast 63 may be attached to the delivery system 20 and/or the container 1 (and 2) in any suitable manner (for example, fixed, non-fixed, etc).
• the ballast 63 may be removably attached to allow adjustment on the delivery system 20.
• the ballast 63 may be positioned and/or repositioned on the container 1 (and 2) in any suitable configuration and by any suitable means.
• the consumer may attach the ballast 63 to the lower container 2 after inversion.
• the manufacturer may attach the ballast 63 so that it may automatically be repositioned from the upper container 1 to the lower container 2 by the action of gravity when the at delivery system 20 is inverted.
• the ballast 63 may be connected to the at least one container via any suitable mechanism, for example a sliding mechanism.
• the ballast 64 may freely move along a longitudinal axis of the delivery system 20 by gravity, for example, by sliding along the by-pass tube 9 (and 10) via an attachment device 65, such as a ring.
• the ballast 64 may be physically relocated, without sliding, for example, by clipping the ballast 64 to any portion of the delivery system 20, such as to the lower container base 34 or to the by-pass tube 9 (and 10), before, during, or after the inversion process.
• a suitable attachment device 65 can be made of any suitable material in any suitable size, shape, or configuration.
• the attachment device 65 may be a clamp, clip, ring, string, tie, adhesive material, friction fitting, magnet, and combinations thereof.
• the at least one ballast 63 may also be attached and/or connected to the at least one container 1 (and 2) in a fixed position.
• the ballast (not shown) may be in the form of sand or a ball bearing that is housed in a component of the delivery system 20.
• Fig. 13a depicts a perspective view of another non-limiting embodiment of a delivery system 20 having four by-pass tubes 65, 66, 61, and 68 and at least one wick 5.
• the by-pass tubes 65, 66, 67, and 68 may act as secondary fluid reservoirs to collect some of the volatile material (not shown) that was stored in either fluid reservoir (not shown) and thereby minimize leakage from the delivery system 20.
• Fig. 13b shows the top view of the delivery system 20 of Fig. 13a. This configuration aids in stabilizing the delivery system 20 after toppling from the upright position.
• Fig. 13c shows the cross-section view (A-A) through the by-pass tubes 66 and 68.
• Fig. 14 depicts a perspective view of another non-limiting embodiment of a delivery system 20 having an external frame 69 having at least one ballast 70.
• the external frame 69 may be made of any suitable material and configured in any suitable size or shape.
• the external frame 69 may be removeably attached to the delivery system 20 by any suitable means.
• the ballast 70 may also be removably attached to the external frame 69.
• the delivery system 20 may be easily removed from the external frame 69 and inverted by the consumer before reattaching. Alternatively, the delivery system 20 may be inverted in place.
• the external frame 69 may provide a means to invert the delivery system 20 by providing a pivoting arm (not shown) which allows the consumer to simply invert the delivery system 20 by pushing on the container 1 (and 2).
• the ballast 70 may be removed after the delivery system 20 and reattached to the external frame 69 as needed, for example, for cleaning.
• Fig. 15a depicts a cross-section of a delivery system 20 comprising another wick spring assembly mechanism.
• the wick spring assembly comprises at least one retractable wick 86, at least one spring 87, at least one spring adjuster 88, an optional damping device
• the maintenance level emission mode occurs at the equilibrium state where the least amount of surface area of the retractable wick 86 is exposed to the atmosphere.
• the retractable wick 86 is immersed in the volatile material 8 contained in the fluid reservoir 6 of the container 1.
• the wick spring assembly 75 would be compressed in the equilibrium state.
• a boost level emission when a boost level emission is desired, more surface area of the retractable wick 86 is exposed to the atmosphere. For example, the consumer may increase the wick surface area by pulling up on the spring adjuster 88 to the desired length and thereby exposing more retractable wick 86 surface area to the atmosphere than is exposed at equilibrium. When the retractable wick 86 is fully extended, the wick spring 75 is uncompressed. The volatile material 8 emission rate increases as a function of the amount of wick surface area exposed. The more surface area exposed, the higher the boost level emission rate. Thus, the consumer has the ability to control perceived intensity levels during the boost level emission mode by varying the amount of retractable wick 86 surface area exposed.
• the retractable wick 86 is returned to the fluid reservoir 6 of container 1 where it is again immersed in and reloaded with the volatile material 8.
• the boost level emission may be uniformly delivered, being repeated as many times as necessary by the consumer until the volatile material 8 is exhausted.
• the volatile material in the delivery system may be in the form of a gel or liquid gel (not shown).
• the wick may be modified to facilitate the loading of the volatile gel composition onto the wick, the spring itself, and/or onto a suitable delivery device such as, paddles, which can be attached onto or adjacent to the wick spring.
• the gel-laden wick spring itself and/or the delivery device can provide the means to deliver boost level emission. At equilibrium, evaporation of the volatile gel composition from off the top layer surface of the wick and/or volatile gel material would provide the maintenance level emission mode.
• the delivery system can comprise a kit containing a bundle or packs of one or more volatile materials. Any of the foregoing embodiments may be used in supplying consumers with their initial product(s), as well as with refills for the same.
• the delivery system may comprise supplying consumers with a choice of different types of volatile materials (for example, a fragrance composition, a malodor reducing composition, an insecticide, a mood enhancer composition, or combinations thereof) other than, or in addition to, the volatile materials sold in the initial ⁇ roduct(s).

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• 2006
  • 2006-04-10 US US11/401,202 patent/US20060233538A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2006-04-12 JP JP2008506618A patent/JP2008537697A/ja active Pending
  • 2006-04-12 MX MX2007012893A patent/MX2007012893A/es unknown
  • 2006-04-12 KR KR1020077023400A patent/KR20070120143A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2006-04-12 EP EP06749836A patent/EP1871431A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2006-04-12 CA CA002603547A patent/CA2603547A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2006-04-12 WO PCT/US2006/013588 patent/WO2006113253A1/en active Application Filing
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