EP1870498A2 - Tooth clothing for a comb in a combing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The tooth set (14) for a comb of a comb-machine, comprises number of teeth arranged side by side, and tooth row with its teeth formed as single piece tooth strip. The number of teeth transverse to the operating direction of the teeth form oriented tooth row. The single piece tooth strip has several tooth rows arranged one behind the other in operating direction of the teeth. A groove passing diagonally in the operating direction between the two tooth rows has a depth, which differs from the depth of a groove running in operating direction between two teeth. The tooth set (14) for a comb of a comb-machine, comprises number of teeth arranged side by side, and tooth row with its teeth formed as single piece tooth strip. The number of teeth transverse to the operating direction of the teeth form oriented tooth row. The single piece tooth strip has several tooth rows arranged one behind the other in operating direction of the teeth. A groove passing diagonally in the operating direction between the two tooth rows has a depth, which differs from the depth of a groove running in operating direction between two teeth. The single piece tooth strip has the form of segments made of cylinder cover. The tooth rows are arranged one behind the other on the cylinder cover in circumferential direction. The tooth strip has means (16) for fastening and consists of hardened and tempered steel. The teeth of the tooth set have a coating. The groove running in operating direction between two teeth has a depth, which has two- to fivefold of the separation spacing of the teeth. Independent claims are included for: (1) a method for the production of tooth set for a comb of a comb-machine; (2) a top comb for a comb-machine; and (3) a circular comb for a comb-machine.

Description

The invention relates to a tooth set for a comb of a combing machine with a plurality of adjacent teeth, which form at least one, oriented transversely to the working direction of the teeth row of teeth, and a method for their preparation.

The invention further relates to a fixed comb and a circular comb with such a toothed set.

For the purposes of the present patent application, the terms "side by side" and "behind one another" are used to denote the position of teeth and rows of teeth with one another. The terms are always referring to the working direction of the teeth and are to be understood as a viewer would look in the direction of the comb along the teeth.

By obvious prior use on a variety of combing machines on the market are fixed combs are known which have a main body and a row of teeth. The row of teeth consists of individual teeth, which are punched out individually from a wire set and inserted into the base body during the production of the fixed comb. The main body of the fixed comb has a transverse to the direction of the groove, in which the individual teeth are used side by side. By caulking the teeth are then fixed in the groove.

Furthermore, circular combs are known in which the toothed sets consist of short sections of a wire set. The wire set is bent according to the curvature of the circular comb and then cut into short sections. The sections of the wire clothing, respectively several teeth are stacked next to each other over the working width of the circular comb and glued to a base of the circular comb.

The known embodiments have the disadvantage that the adjacent teeth of a row of teeth consist of individual parts and therefore have large tolerances in their position and position, so that the accuracy of the tooth set is not particularly high.

In addition, the wear behavior of such combs is uneven, since the teeth may only be hardened in the tip area. In the area of the tooth base, the material must be deformable, since during the production of the fixed comb teeth are individually punched out of the wire set and when making the round comb the wire sets must be bent according to the curvature.

The invention is based on the object to increase the accuracy of the tooth set and to improve their wear behavior.

The object is achieved in that the toothed set is integrally formed with their teeth as a rack. In the method, the object is achieved in that the teeth of the toothed set are formed from the solid.

The integral formation of a plurality of juxtaposed teeth of the toothed set has the advantage that the accuracy of the teeth, both in relation to the geometry of its outer contour and in relation to their position relative to each other, is substantially increased. A particularly favorable wear behavior can be achieved by uniformly hardening the teeth over their entire height, in particular also into the region of the tooth root and in the region lying between the tooth roots. The semi-finished product of the toothed set can be hardened or tempered before the teeth are formed. The inevitable occurring during hardening deformations are eliminated in the subsequent shaping of the teeth again. The shaping of the teeth from the solid can preferably be carried out by milling, grinding or eroding, for example wire EDM. It may also be advantageous to use a combination of said methods, for example by the outer contour seen transversely to the working direction of the teeth being formed by grinding, and the grooves extending in the working direction between two teeth - which form the tooth spaces - are produced by erosion. If necessary, the Zahngamitur can after molding the teeth are deburred in a further step. The deburring can preferably be carried out electrolytically or chemically.

In an embodiment of the invention, it may be advantageous to use as semi-finished for the rack a drawn profile on which the teeth of the tooth set are formed. The outer contour - viewed transversely to the later working direction of the teeth - can thereby be adapted to the outer contour of the finished rack, so that when forming the teeth, for example by grinding, not unnecessarily much material must be removed. With appropriate accuracy of the drawn profile, it may be advantageous that the drawn profile of the rack already partially - seen transversely to the working direction of the teeth - outer contour of the teeth, and - seen transversely to the working direction - outer contour of the teeth is only partially ground. The extending in the direction of the teeth of the teeth, which form virtually the spaces between two teeth, are then formed from the solid of the drawn profile.

In another embodiment of the invention, it may be advantageous for a toothed set for a circular comb that a plurality of rows of teeth are formed on the circumference of a hollow cylinder, which are oriented parallel to its central axis, and that the hollow cylinder is then divided into several segments. The hollow cylinder has the same radius as the circular comb, so that a segment cut out of the circumference of the hollow cylinder can be mounted on a base body of the circular comb. The production of the toothed set as a circular hollow cylinder is particularly advantageous in the shaping of the teeth by grinding, since a rotationally symmetric part can be easily produced on a grinding machine. It can produce hollow cylinder with different tooth sets, each having teeth of different sizes. The hollow cylinders are then divided into segments of the required length, so that the desired number of rows of teeth on the segmental toothed strip is present. On the founding body of the circular comb then several segmental toothed racks can be arranged, each with different sized teeth to achieve the required combing effect of the circular comb.

Depending on the working width of the combing machine, it may be advantageous, instead of a toothed strip extending over the entire working width, to arrange a plurality of toothed strips next to one another over the working width of the fixed comb or of the circular comb. Although not all of the teeth extending transversely to the direction of the teeth of the tooth series consists of one piece, each rack still contains a plurality of adjacent teeth. The Accuracy is thus still much higher than in the known embodiments, in which the adjacent teeth of a row of teeth were formed by juxtaposed items.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it may be advantageous that the rack has means for fixing. The means for fastening can be arbitrary per se and be, for example, pins, grooves or holes that allow caulking, injection or screwing with a body or other part in the combing machine. As a means for fixing also a portion of the surface of the rack to be understood, which serves for adhering the toothed set. In particular, a fixed comb can be interpreted by the toothed strip according to the invention so that the previously required body is saved. The fixed comb then consists only of a one-piece rack in which the teeth are formed, and which can be attached with their means for fixing directly to the Fixkammträger the combing machine.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it may be advantageous for the teeth of the toothed set to have a coating. The coating can be, for example, a nickel coating, in which optional hard material particles, such as diamond, can be incorporated. However, a plasma or PVD coating may also be advantageous.

Further advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the following description of some embodiments.

• Figur 1 einen schematisch und nur teilweise dargestellten Querschnitt durch eine Kämm-Maschine,
• Figur 2 eine vergrößerte Ansicht eines Fixkammes aus Figur 1,
• Figur 3 eine Ansicht des Fixkammes in Richtung des Pfeiles III der Figur 2,
• Figur 4 eine vergrößerte Ansicht eines Rundkammes aus Figur 1,
• Figur 5 eine entlang der Schnittfläche V-V geschnittene Ansicht einer Zahngarnitur der Figur 4.

Show it:

• FIG. 1 shows a cross section through a combing machine which is shown schematically and only partially.
• FIG. 2 shows an enlarged view of a fixing comb from FIG. 1,
• FIG. 3 shows a view of the fixing comb in the direction of the arrow III of FIG. 2,
• FIG. 4 shows an enlarged view of a circular comb from FIG. 1,
• FIG. 5 shows a view of a toothed set of FIG. 4 cut along the sectional area VV.

The combing machine partially shown in Figure 1 contains as essential components a combing tongs 1, two Abreißwalzenpaare 2 and 3, a circular comb 4 and a top comb 5. The combing tongs 1 consists of two movable clamping elements 6 and 7, which a fiber material 8 in the feed A is supplied from a driven feed roller 9. The purpose of the combing machine is to improve the quality of the fiber material 8 by reducing the proportion of dirt particles and short fibers by combing out. The Abreißwalzenpaare 2 and 3 each consist of a reversibly driven lower roller and a resiliently pressed against pressure roller. The Abreißwalzenpaare 2, 3 lead the combed fiber material 10 in the direction of arrow B to the other, known per se processing stages. The circular comb 4 is fastened on a circular comb carrier 11, which can be rotated over a circular comb axis 12 in the working direction C. The circular comb 4 has toothed fittings 14 on its side facing the fiber material 8 to be combed out. The fixed comb 5 is adjustably fastened to a fixed comb carrier 13 and likewise has a toothed set designated by the reference numeral 15. The means 16 for fixing the fixed comb 5 allow adjustment of the fixed comb 5 transversely to the fiber material 8, so that the puncture depth of the fixed comb 5 is variable. The means 16 for fixing can be advantageously realized by sitting in slots of the fixed comb 5 screws.

Combing pliers 1, feed roller 9 and fixed comb carrier 13 are mounted on a carrier 17 which is movable in the direction of the double arrow D - E and which is indicated in FIG. 1 by the dashed line. Due to the changing movement of the carrier 17, in each case the distance between the rear Abreißwalzenpaar 2 and the combing pliers 1 and the fixed comb 5 changes.

In the phase of the sequence shown in FIG. 1, the carrier 17 is in its position closest to the pair of tear-off rollers 2. The ridge 5 is immersed in the fiber material 8 and the combing tongs 1 is still open. The carrier 17 moves away in the direction of arrow D from the Abreißwalzenpaar 2. In the working direction F, the combing combs 5 comb through the fiber material 8. The pairs of puller rollers 2 and 3 rotate and transport the combed out fiber material 10 in the discharge direction B. The fiber material 8 tears between the fixed comb 5 and the detaching roller pair 2. The free end of the fiber material 8 falls in the direction of the circular comb carrier 11 out of the fixed comb 5. The position of the free end of the fiber material 8 is indicated by dashed lines in Figure 1 and designated by the reference numeral 8 '. During this movement of the carrier 17, the combing pliers 1 has closed and the fiber material 8 is clamped between the clamping elements 6 and 7. The rotational movement of the Rundkammträgers 11 in the direction C is tuned such that the initial region of the circular comb 4 reaches the free end of the combing tongs 1 8 'of the fiber material 8, as soon as the combing pliers 1 is completely closed. The further in the working direction C rotating circular comb 4 combs out of the combing tongs 1 outstanding fiber material 8. In this case, the carrier 17 moves even further in the direction of arrow D.

The Abreißwalzenpaare 2 and 3 have reversed their direction of movement after tearing the fiber material 8 and transport the combed fiber material 10 against the discharge direction B back. When the end of the circular comb 4 has passed through the free end 8 'of the fiber material 8, the direction of movement of the carrier 17 is reversed, and the carrier 17 moves in the direction of arrow E back to the Abreißwalzenpaar 2. In this case, the combing tongs 1 opens and by a rotation of the feed roller 9, the fiber material 8 is advanced in the feed direction A. The direction of the Abreißwalzenpaare 2, 3 is again reversed, so that the fiber material 10 together with the free end of the fiber material 8 in. The free end of the fiber material 8 in FIG Abführrichtung B is transported, and the formerly free end of the fiber material 8 is clamped in the nip between the lower roller and the pressure roller of Abreißwalzenpaares 2. The carrier 17 has now arrived again in the position shown in Figure 1 and the top comb 5 is again immersed in the fiber material 8, so that the combing cycle can start from the beginning.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show a fixed comb 5 with a tooth set 15 according to the invention. The fixed comb 5 consists of a base body 18 to which the toothed set 15 is attached. The tooth set 15 includes a plurality of juxtaposed teeth 19, which form a row of teeth 20. The row of teeth 20 is oriented transversely to the working direction F of the teeth 19. The tooth set 15 with the teeth 19 is integrally formed as a rack 21. For this purpose, the teeth 19 are formed from the solid during production, for example by grinding or eroding.

The toothed strip 21 has a profiled pin 22 designed as means 23 for attachment to the base body 18. The main body 18 is advantageously molded directly onto the rack and may preferably consist of a carbon fiber reinforced plastic. It may also be a pin 22 may be provided as a means 23 for fastening, which is inserted and caulked into a groove of an existing of a light metal material body 18. Alternatively, the fastening means 23 may also be designed as a T-slot 22 'indicated by dashed lines. The T-slot 22 'is particularly advantageous in connection with a fiber composite material for the base body 18, which is cured in an autoclave under vacuum. Such fiber composites are made of fiber mats, in particular carbon fibers, layered and impregnated with a resin. Subsequently, the base body 18 is placed with the rack 21 in a mold and cured in an autoclave under vacuum and heat. Fiber-reinforced and in particular carbonaceous materials for the body are advantageous because they have a high strength with relatively low weight, and thereby can reduce the forces occurring due to the alternating movements.

As a semi-finished for the rack 21 a drawn profile is preferably used. The drawn profile can be finish hardened or tempered, and then the teeth 19 are formed from the solid. It is preferred first the - viewed transversely to the working direction F of the teeth 19 - outer contour of the teeth 19 and then the running in the direction of F grooves 24 formed. The grooves 24 can be seen in FIG. 3 and practically form the spaces between two teeth 19 of a row of teeth 20. In FIG. 3, various shapes of grooves 24 and / or teeth 19 are shown by way of example on a fixed comb 5. In practice, of course, over the entire working width G of the fixed comb 5 everywhere the same shape of the teeth 19 are used.

In order to achieve a sufficiently high combing effect of the tooth set 15, it is advantageous if the groove 24 has a depth H which is at least two or three times, in particular more than five to ten times, the pitch J of two teeth 19.

For reasons of easier manufacture of the Zahngamitur 15, it may be advantageous that not only a rack 21 is used, which extends with its dimension K of the row of teeth 20 over the entire working width G, but that - as shown in Figure 3 - for example three toothed strips 21 are mounted side by side on a base body 18 to cover the entire working width G of the fixed comb 5. A working width G of, for example, 300 mm would then be covered with three toothed strips 21 with a dimension K of 100 mm in each case. Different working widths G at different Fixkämmen 5 can be very easily produced by the variation of the number of toothed racks 21 used.

In an embodiment, not shown, it may also be advantageous to attach the means 16 for fixing the Fixkammes 5 directly to the rack 21. As a result, the main body 18 can be saved. The rack 21 may be configured so that they are the slots 25 of the Contains means 16 for fastening and can thereby be directly connected to the Fixkammträger 13. Such an embodiment is particularly advantageous when the dimension K of the row of teeth 20 corresponds approximately to the working width G of the fixed comb 5 and the fixed comb 5 is formed by a single toothed bar 21.

4 shows a round comb 4 is shown, which consists of a base body 26 and a plurality of teeth sets 14 attached thereto. The teeth sets 14 which first come into engagement with the rotation of the circular comb 4 in the working direction C are designed as toothed strips 21 which each have only a single row of teeth 20 of teeth 19 arranged next to one another. The following tooth sets 14 consist of one-piece toothed strips 28 which have a plurality of rows of teeth 20 arranged one behind the other in the direction of work C. Racks 28 with a plurality of rows of teeth 20 preferably have the shape of a segment of a cylinder jacket whose radius is adapted to the radius of the circular comb 4. The segment-shaped toothed strips 28 can preferably be produced as a complete hollow cylinder, on the circumference of which the teeth 19 are formed and which is then divided into several segments.

The toothed strips 21 and 28 are also connected to the circular comb 4 by means 23 for fastening to the base body 26. The base body 26 may advantageously be injection-molded on the racks 21 and 28 as a die-cast or injection-molded part. It may also be advantageous to attach the toothed strips 21 and 28 to the base body 26 by means of an adhesive. It may be sufficient that acts as a means 23 for fixing only the bottom of the rack 21 and 28 with the adhesive. In a manner not shown may be provided on the rack 21, 28 as a means 23 for fixing but also profiles in the form of grooves, pins or the like.

When toothed racks 28 with multiple rows of teeth 20, it is necessary to form grooves 29 extending transversely to the working direction C in the toothed bar 28, so that the rows of teeth 20 arranged one behind the other in the working direction C are formed. Preferably, the depth L of the groove 29 differs from the depth H of the groove 24 extending in the working direction C between two teeth 19. FIG. 5 shows a preferred example of the depths H and L of the grooves 24 and 29 on a toothed strip 28. The depth L of the groove 29 extending transversely to the working direction C is less than the depth H of the groove 24 running parallel to the working direction C. Such a tooth set 14 achieves a positive combing result and does not tend to clog the toothed set 14.

As with the Zahngamitur 15 of the fixed comb 5, the dimension K of the rows of teeth 20 - seen transversely to the direction C of the teeth 19 - correspond approximately to the working width G of the circular comb 4. Alternatively, a plurality of adjacent teeth 19 of the rows of teeth 20 may be integrally formed as a rack 28, in which the dimension K of the rack 28 - seen transversely to the direction C of the teeth 19 - smaller than the working width G of the circular comb 4, so that over the working width G several toothed strips 28 are arranged side by side.

All embodiments described by way of example of the tooth set 15 of the fixed comb 5 are, of course, equally usable with tooth sets 14 for a circular comb 4. It is therefore not necessary to re-describe.

Claims (27)

Tooth comb (14; 15) for a comb (4; 5) of a combing machine having a multiplicity of juxtaposed teeth (19) which comprise at least one row of teeth (20) oriented transversely to the working direction (C; F) of the teeth (19) ), characterized in that the row of teeth (20) with their teeth (19) in one piece as a toothed strip (21, 28) is formed. Dental set according to claim 1, characterized in that the one-piece toothed strip (21) has exactly one row of teeth (20). Tooth set according to claim 1, characterized in that the one-piece toothed strip (28) has a plurality of rows of teeth (20) arranged one after the other in the working direction (C) of the teeth (19). Tooth set according to claim 3, characterized in that a transversely to the working direction (C) between two rows of teeth (20) extending groove (29) has a depth (L) extending from the depth (H) in the working direction (C) between two Teeth (19) extending groove (24) differs. Tooth set according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the one-piece toothed strip (28) has the shape of a segment of a cylinder jacket, wherein the rows of teeth (20) are arranged one behind the other in the circumferential direction on the cylinder jacket. Toothed set according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the toothed strip (21; 28) has means (23) for fastening. Tooth set according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the toothed strip (21; 28) consists of hardened or tempered steel. Toothed set according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the teeth (19) of the toothed set (14; 15) have a coating. Toothed set according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that in the working direction (C; F) between two teeth (19) extending groove (24) has a depth (H) which is at least two to five times the pitch (J ) of the teeth (19) transversely to the working direction (C; F). A method for producing a tooth set for a comb of a combing machine having a plurality of juxtaposed teeth forming at least one, aligned transversely to the working direction of the teeth row of teeth, characterized in that the teeth of the row of teeth are formed from the solid. A method according to claim 10, characterized in that a drawn profile is used as a semi-finished for the rack, on which the teeth of the Zahngamitur be formed. A method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that - viewed transversely to the working direction of the teeth -outer contour of the teeth of a row of teeth is formed from the solid. A method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that - viewed transversely to the working direction of the teeth - the outer contour of the teeth is at least partially formed by a drawn profile of the rack. Method according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the teeth of a row of teeth are formed by the formation of running in the direction of the teeth of the teeth in the toothed rack. Method according to one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the teeth are at least partially formed by grinding. Method according to one of claims 10 to 15, characterized in that the teeth are at least partially formed by erosion. A method for producing a toothed set according to claim 5, characterized in that a plurality of rows of teeth are formed on the circumference of a hollow cylinder, which are oriented parallel to its central axis, and that the Hollow cylinder is then divided into several segments. Fix comb (5) for a combing machine with a toothed set (15), which contains a plurality of juxtaposed teeth (19), wherein the teeth (19) form at least one, aligned transversely to the working direction (F) row of teeth (20), characterized in that the row of teeth (20) with their teeth (19) is integrally formed as a toothed strip (21), and that the dimension (K) of the row of teeth (20) - seen transversely to the working direction (F) of the teeth (19) - corresponds approximately to the working width (G) of the fixed comb (5). Fix comb (5) for a combing machine with a Zahngamitur (15) containing a plurality of juxtaposed teeth (19), wherein the teeth (19) at least one, transverse to the working direction (F) oriented tooth row (20), characterized in that a plurality of adjacent teeth (19) of the row of teeth (20) are integrally formed as a toothed strip (21), wherein the dimension (K) of the toothed bar (21) - seen transversely to the working direction (F) of the teeth (19) - smaller as the working width (G) of the fixed comb (5), and that over the working width (G) of the fixed comb (5) a plurality of toothed strips (21) are arranged side by side. Fix comb according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the fixed comb (5) has a base body (18) to which at least one toothed strip (21) is connected by means (23) for fastening. Fix comb according to claim 20, characterized in that the base body (18) as a die-cast or injection-molded part is injection molded onto at least one toothed strip (21). Fix comb according to claim 20, characterized in that the base body (18) consists of a cured in an autoclave fiber composite material. A comb (4) for a combing machine with a Zahngamitur (14), which contains a plurality of juxtaposed teeth (19), wherein the teeth (19) transversely to the working direction (C) oriented rows of teeth (20) form, and wherein Circumferential direction of the circular comb (4) a plurality of rows of teeth (20) are arranged one behind the other, characterized in that at least one row of teeth (20) with their teeth (19) is integrally formed as a toothed strip (21, 28), and that the dimension (K) of teeth (20) - seen transversely to the working direction (C) of the teeth (19) - corresponds approximately to the working width (G) of the circular comb (4). Circular comb (4) for a combing machine with a toothed set (14) which contains a multiplicity of adjacent teeth (19), wherein the teeth (19) form rows of teeth (20) oriented transversely to the working direction (C), and wherein Circumferential direction of the circular comb (4) a plurality of rows of teeth (20) are arranged one behind the other, characterized in that a plurality of adjacent teeth (19) of a row of teeth (20) are integrally formed as a toothed strip (21, 28), wherein the measure (K) of the toothed strip ( 21, 28) - seen transversely to the working direction (C) of the teeth (19) - smaller than the working width (G) of the circular comb (4), and that over the working width (G) of the circular comb (4) a plurality of toothed strips (21; 28) are arranged side by side. Circular comb according to claim 23 or 24, characterized in that the circular comb (4) has a main body (26) to which at least one toothed strip (21; 28) is connected by fastening means (23). Circular comb according to claim 25, characterized in that the base body (26) is injection-molded on at least one toothed strip (21, 28) as a die-cast or injection-molded part. Round comb according to claim 25, characterized in that the base body (26) consists of a cured in an autoclave fiber composite material.

Images