EP1856706A1 - Command switch, in particular an emergency stop switch - Google Patents

Command switch, in particular an emergency stop switch

Info

Publication number
EP1856706A1
EP1856706A1 EP06708605A EP06708605A EP1856706A1 EP 1856706 A1 EP1856706 A1 EP 1856706A1 EP 06708605 A EP06708605 A EP 06708605A EP 06708605 A EP06708605 A EP 06708605A EP 1856706 A1 EP1856706 A1 EP 1856706A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
actuator
switching element
switch
contactor
contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06708605A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1856706B1 (en
Inventor
Werner Olbrich
Michael Schiffmann
Bernhard Wiesgickl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP1856706A1 publication Critical patent/EP1856706A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1856706B1 publication Critical patent/EP1856706B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/022—Emergency operating parts, e.g. for stop-switch in dangerous conditions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a command switch, in particular an emergency-stop switch, with an actuator and a contactor separately designed for this, which can be fastened to the actuator.
  • the actuator has a housing and a ram guided in this with a rest and actuation position.
  • the contactor comprises an opener-switching element, which can be brought in the operating position by means of the plunger in ei ⁇ ne open position.
  • the command switch may be, for example, an EMERGENCY STOP switch, which has a cup-shaped or mushroom-shaped red cap. Usually, the cap is bolted to the plunger. If the command switch is operated, the plunger of the Be ⁇ concerneders is brought from the rest position to the actuating position. The plunger thereby forcibly interrupts the contacts of the normally closed switching element, so that the circuit, for example, of a connected electrical machine is interrupted. In addition, in the contactor - depending on the application - further opener and closer switching elements un ⁇ be accommodated, which are operated together via the plunger.
  • the state of the normally closed switching element can also be interrogated by a monitoring device in which, for example, a bit pattern is coupled via the closed normally closed contacts of the normally closed switching element and continuously receives the received signal. result is checked.
  • a monitoring device is, for example, the ASI-F monitoring device of the company Siemens. This device is also bus-capable, so that if the expected bit pattern is missing via a bus, system components that can be accessed by data technology can be brought to a safe state.
  • the command switch is also made in two parts.
  • the separability is therefore necessary in order to fasten the command switch by means of the actuator, for example, to a cabinet door, front ⁇ panel or panel.
  • the actuator for example, the actuator for mounting by a beha ⁇ tively small hole in a cabinet door oa out and connected by means of a fastening nut or a clamping ring fixed to this.
  • the contactor on the actuator usually by means of a snap ⁇ or screw connection, be attached.
  • the live parts of the command switch are housed eg in the control cabinet.
  • Ol 493 Al is e.g. a command switch or an emergency stop switch known which allows monitoring of the function of the contactor.
  • a disadvantage is that the contacts of a pre there ⁇ see NEN closer monitoring of the contactor weld or can stick together, so that a release of the contactor by the actuator is not noticed, since the contacts of the closing ⁇ ßers remain closed.
  • a further disadvantage is that a contact spring provided for the normally open contact which holds the closer open when inactive can break. Also in this case, the release of the contactor from the actuator is not recognized.
  • the object of the invention is achieved with a command switch, in particular with an emergency stop switch, which has an actuator and a contactor which can be fastened to the actuator.
  • the actuator has a housing and a ram guided in the ⁇ sem with a rest and actuation position.
  • the contactor comprises an opener switching element, which can be brought into an open position in the actuation position by means of the plunger.
  • the command switch has a further switching element with a first contact piece and a second contact piece, which is mounted separately on the actuator and / in the contactor. The other switching element closes only, ie is elec ⁇ trically conductive when the contactor is properly attached to the actuator.
  • the great advantage of the invention is that the separate execution of the command switch compulsorily the switching pieces of the other switching element are separated from each other, since they are attached to different components of the command switch.
  • the further switching element ⁇ as the command switch are made in two parts.
  • the further switching element is consequently only function and a set ⁇ able when the two parts - Actuators and contactors - are properly fastened together.
  • An axial or radial offset, a tilting or rotation between the actuator and contactor then cause the contacts of the contact pieces with each other no conductive connection.
  • the switching pieces of the further switching element are arranged opposite one another.
  • either the first or the second switching piece is attached to the contactor side facing the housing side of the actuator ⁇ , while the second or the first contact piece is mounted in or on the contactor. This advantageously provides a good opportunity for aligning the switching pieces to each other.
  • the normally closed switching element and a switching piece of the further switching element are arranged on a printed circuit board in the contactor.
  • an electrical connection such as, for example, is also provided. a series connection of the electrical contacts of different switching elements with each other, in a simple manner possible.
  • the circuit board can be easily inserted into a suitable recess in the contactor.
  • the first contact piece of at least two contact pins and the second contact piece are formed from a contact bridge.
  • the contact bridge can in the simplest case be an electrical conductor or else a contacting surface. In the correctly installed state of the contactor, bridged at the actuator this contact bridge the two pins. These two pins can be ⁇ clock out for external wiring example also to an outside of the Kon.
  • the two contact pins can also be accommodated in the housing of the actuator, wherein the contact pins are then to be electrically connected to each other.
  • the contactor On the side of the contactor two Mullismesflachen be ⁇ introduced , which each face a contact pin.
  • the contacting surfaces may be, for example, small circular designated surfaces on a printed circuit board, which are continued to be ⁇ for example to the external connection contacts to the outside of the contactor.
  • the contact pins are contacted by preferably spring-loaded, where ⁇ mm for example, have a travel of 1 at them. This can be achieved for example by a mechanical stop in the contact pin.
  • ⁇ mm for example, have a travel of 1 at them.
  • the ⁇ ffner switching element and the further switching element are electrically connected in series.
  • For external wiring are still advantageous only two terminals to lead.
  • the additional Liehe function of mounting supervision is integrated in the command switch according to the invention.
  • the contactor can be snapped on an advantageous simple manner on the actuator, locked or ange ⁇ screwed. In case of failure, a defective he be unlocked ⁇ known per contactor and replaced.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through an exemplary EMERGENCY STOP switch with a further switching element according to the invention
  • FIG 2 th is a longitudinal section through a further beispielhaf ⁇ EMERGENCY STOP switch arranged on a printed circuit board switching elements according to an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows an exemplary circuit diagram for monitoring two emergency-stop circuits according to the prior art
  • FIG. 4 shows an exemplary circuit diagram for monitoring two emergency stop circuits with a conventional and an inventive emergency stop switch according to FIG. 1 or FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through an exemplary
  • an actuator 1 In the upper part of the figure, an actuator 1 is shown, the housing 4 is inserted in an opening of an exemplary front panel 2. Berallkeit reasons of Ü a clamping ring for fastening of the actuator 1 on the front panel 2 ver ⁇ was dispensed on the presentation.
  • a plunger 5 In the actuator 1, a plunger 5 is guided, which firmly connected at an upper end with an emergency stop cap 3 is.
  • the actuator 1 and the plunger 5 have a rest and an actuating position.
  • the actuation position can be seen on the dashed representation of the lower edge of the EMERGENCY STOP cap 3.
  • pressure on the EMERGENCY STOP cap 3 When pressure on the EMERGENCY STOP cap 3, the registered in the figure actuating travel s sets. This distance is transmitted to the same extent via the plunger 5.
  • a box-shaped contactor 6 is further shown, which is snapped example of Be ⁇ tiger 1.
  • the reference numeral 10 indicates the position of locking lugs which engage in corresponding openings in the housing 4 of the actuator 1.
  • the lower end of the plunger 5 now acts on a known per se NC switching element 8.
  • a contact bridge 83 of two contacts 81, 82 is separated. Is the ⁇ se way, an emergency stop circuit which is guided over two ex- ternal connecting contacts 91, 92, interrupted.
  • a further switching element will now see 7 pre ⁇ , which consists of a first 71, 72 and a second contact piece 73rd
  • two contact pins 71, 72 form the first contact piece. Both are firmly connected to the housing of the contactor 6, wherein the Kon ⁇ clock pins 71, 72 protrude through corresponding openings in the holder frame 11.
  • the two contact pins 71, 72 are already performed resilient according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the second switching piece 73 is in the example of Fi ⁇ gur a contact bridge, which is attached to the lower end of the housing 4 of the actuator 1.
  • the normally closed switching element 8 and the further switching element 7 are electrically connected in series. This has already happened in the example of FIG .
  • an emergency-off detection as well as an assembly monitoring of the contactor 6 on the actuator 1 are possible.
  • FIG 2 shows a longitudinal section through a further example ⁇ an EMERGENCY-OFF switch arranged on a printed circuit board 13 switching elements 7 ', 81', 82 '.
  • the contactor 6 ' is already attached to the housing 4' of the actuator 1 'Darge ⁇ provides.
  • the contactor 6 'holding webs 12 for receiving and fixing the circuit board 13 are provided.
  • the reference ⁇ sign 81 'and 82' are symbolized two normally closed contacts of a normally closed switching element.
  • the NC contacts 81 ', 82' can be forcibly opened in the event of an EMERGENCY STOP.
  • NC contacts 81 ', 82' are also two contact pins 71 ', 72' mounted on the circuit board 13 and soldered there. In the properly mounted state of the contactor 6 ', the two contact pins 71', 72 'are electrically conductively connected via a contact bridge 73'.
  • the ⁇ ff ⁇ ner contacts 81 ', 82' and the contact pins 71 ', 72' are interconnected in series, so that via the external terminal contacts 91 ', 92' an emergency stop detection and mounting supervision of the contactor 6 'on Actuator 1 'is possible.
  • a monitoring device 14 monitors, by way of example, an emergency-stop switch with two normally closed switching elements 8, 16. Monitoring of a contactor encoder 6, 6 'to a proper fitting out is not possible in the case ⁇ sem.
  • FIG 4 shows an exemplary circuit diagram of an emergency stop circuit with a conventional and erfindungsge ⁇ MAESSEN EMERGENCY STOP switch according to FIG 1 and FIG 2.
  • Another monitor 15 monitors an example of an emergency stop switch with two NC switching elements. 8 , 16 and each a further switching element 7.
  • the further switching element 7 carries according to its function, the circuit-technical symbol of an opener.
  • the series connection according to the invention an emergency stop detection and detection of a not properly mounted contactor 6, 6 'possible.
  • the relevant EMERGENCY STOP circuit is opened, so that thereon an electrical machine or other An ⁇ parts of parts can be safely switched off.
  • the contacts of an NC switching element 81, 81 ', 82, 82' and another switching element 71, 71 ', 72, 72', 73, 73 ' also separately, ie not in series, to external terminal contacts on the contactor 6, 6 'are laid.
  • a monitoring device may monitor the detection of an emergency stop as well as the recognition of a non-ord ⁇ voltage according to the assembled contactor separately.

Landscapes

  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Mechanisms For Operating Contacts (AREA)
  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A command switch or and emergency stop switch is disclosed, which includes an actuator and a contact sensor which is separated therefrom. The actuator includes housing and a tappet, which is guided therein and which has a rest position and an actuation position. The contact sensor includes an open switch element which can be placed in the actuation position by way of the tappet in a tensed position. In at least one embodiment, the command switch also includes an additional switch element which is provided with a first switch piece and a second switch piece, which are applied to the actuator in a separated manner and in/on the contact sensor. The additional switch element only closes when the contact sensor is secured to the actuator. The switch pieces of the additional switch element are separated from each other in a compulsory and advantageous manner by the separated embodiment of the command switch enabling them to be secured to different components of the command switch. An axial or radial misalignment, tilting or rotation between the actuator and the contact sensor leads to the non-conductive connection of the contact piece.

Description

Beschreibungdescription
Befehlsschalter, insbesondere NOT-AUS-SchalterCommand switch, in particular EMERGENCY STOP switch
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Befehlsschalter, insbesondere einen NOT-AUS-Schalter, mit einem Betätiger und einem dazu getrennt ausgeführten Kontaktgeber, welcher am Betätiger befestigbar ist. Der Betätiger weist ein Gehäuse und einen in diesem geführten Stößel mit einer Ruhe- und Betätigungsstel- lung auf. Der Kontaktgeber umfasst ein Öffner-Schaltelement, welches in der Betätigungsstellung mittels des Stößels in ei¬ ne geöffnete Stellung gebracht werden kann.The invention relates to a command switch, in particular an emergency-stop switch, with an actuator and a contactor separately designed for this, which can be fastened to the actuator. The actuator has a housing and a ram guided in this with a rest and actuation position. The contactor comprises an opener-switching element, which can be brought in the operating position by means of the plunger in ei ¬ ne open position.
Der Befehlsschalter kann z.B. ein NOT-AUS-Schalter sein, wel- eher eine topfförmige oder pilzförmige rote Kappe aufweist. Üblicherweise ist die Kappe mit dem Stößel fest verschraubt. Wird der Befehlsschalter betätigt, so wird der Stößel des Be¬ tätigers von der Ruhestellung in die Betätigungsstellung gebracht. Der Stößel unterbricht dabei zwangsgeführt die Kon- takte des Öffner-Schaltelements, so dass der Stromkreis z.B. einer angeschlossenen elektrischen Maschine unterbrochen wird. Darüber hinaus können im Kontaktgeber - je nach Anwendungsfall - weitere Öffner- und Schließer-Schaltelemente un¬ tergebracht sein, welche gemeinsam über den Stößel betätigt werden.The command switch may be, for example, an EMERGENCY STOP switch, which has a cup-shaped or mushroom-shaped red cap. Usually, the cap is bolted to the plunger. If the command switch is operated, the plunger of the Be ¬ tätigers is brought from the rest position to the actuating position. The plunger thereby forcibly interrupts the contacts of the normally closed switching element, so that the circuit, for example, of a connected electrical machine is interrupted. In addition, in the contactor - depending on the application - further opener and closer switching elements un ¬ be accommodated, which are operated together via the plunger.
Die europäische Norm EN 418 „Sicherheit von Maschinen" aus dem Jahre 1992 legt weiterhin die Sicherheitsanforderungen an NOT-AUS-Einrichtungen fest. In Punkt 4.1.2. ist dazu be- schrieben, dass das Befehlsgerät und sein Stellteil nach dem Prinzip der Zwangsbetätigung arbeiten müssen. Ein Schalter mit Zwangsöffnung ist z.B. ein geeignetes Befehlsgerät.The European standard EN 418 "Safety of machinery" from 1992 also specifies the safety requirements for EMERGENCY STOP devices, as described in section 4.1.2., In which the control device and its control element operate on the principle of forced operation For example, a forced opening switch is a suitable command device.
Der Zustand des Öffner-Schaltelements kann alternativ auch durch ein Überwachungsgerät abgefragt werden, in dem z.B. ein Bitmuster über die geschlossenen Öffnerkontakte des Öffner- Schaltelements eingekoppelt wird und fortlaufend das empfan- gene Ergebnis überprüft wird. Ein derartiges Überwachungsge¬ rät ist z.B. das ASI-F-Überwachungsgerät der Fa. Siemens. Dieses Gerät ist zudem busfähig, so dass bei Ausbleiben des erwarteten Bitmusters über einen Bus datentechnisch erreich- bare Anlagenteile in einen sicheren Zustand gebracht werden können .Alternatively, the state of the normally closed switching element can also be interrogated by a monitoring device in which, for example, a bit pattern is coupled via the closed normally closed contacts of the normally closed switching element and continuously receives the received signal. result is checked. Such a monitoring device is, for example, the ASI-F monitoring device of the company Siemens. This device is also bus-capable, so that if the expected bit pattern is missing via a bus, system components that can be accessed by data technology can be brought to a safe state.
Der Befehlsschalter ist ferner zweiteilig ausgeführt. Die Trennbarkeit ist deshalb erforderlich, um den Befehlsschalter mittels des Betätigers z.B. an einer Schaltschranktür, Front¬ platte oder Schalttafel befestigen zu können. Hierzu wird beispielsweise der Betätiger zur Montage durch eine verhält¬ nismäßig kleine Bohrung in einer Schaltschranktür o.a. geführt und mittels einer Befestigungsmutter oder eines Klemm- rings fest mit dieser verbunden. Anschließend kann der Kontaktgeber am Betätiger, üblicherweise mittels einer Schnapp¬ oder Schraubverbindung, befestigt werden. Dadurch sind auch die spannungsführenden Teile des Befehlsschalters z.B. im Schaltschrank untergebracht.The command switch is also made in two parts. The separability is therefore necessary in order to fasten the command switch by means of the actuator, for example, to a cabinet door, front ¬ panel or panel. For this purpose, for example, the actuator for mounting by a beha ¬ tively small hole in a cabinet door oa out and connected by means of a fastening nut or a clamping ring fixed to this. Subsequently, the contactor on the actuator, usually by means of a snap ¬ or screw connection, be attached. As a result, the live parts of the command switch are housed eg in the control cabinet.
Wird die Befestigung des Kontaktgebers am Betätiger nicht ordnungsgemäß ausgeführt, z.B. weil der Kontaktgeber nicht richtig eingeschnappt ist, oder hat sich die Schraubverbin¬ dung durch Vibrationen gelöst, so kann sich der Kontaktgeber vom Betätiger lösen, ohne dass dies bemerkt wird. Ein NOT- AUS-Stromkreis bleibt dann trotz Betätigung des NOT-AUS- Schalters weiterhin geschlossen. Der NOT-AUS-Schalter verliert somit seine Funktionsfähigkeit und damit seine Schutz¬ funktion. Dies kann in Steuerungsanlagen zu unabsehbaren Schäden an Mensch und Anlagenteilen führen.If the attachment of the contactor on the actuator is not performed properly, for example because the contactor is not snapped properly, or has the Schraubverbin ¬ tion solved by vibration, the contactor can be released from the actuator, without this being noticed. An EMERGENCY STOP circuit will remain closed despite the EMERGENCY STOP switch being pressed. The emergency stop switch will lose its ability to function and its protective function ¬. This can lead to unpredictable damage to people and plant components in control systems.
Aus der DE 41 Ol 493 Al ist z.B. eine Befehlsschalter bzw. ein NOT-AUS-Schalter bekannt, welcher eine Überwachung der Funktion des Kontaktgebers ermöglicht.From DE 41 Ol 493 Al is e.g. a command switch or an emergency stop switch known which allows monitoring of the function of the contactor.
Nachteilig darin ist, dass die Kontakte eines dort vorgesehe¬ nen Schließers zur Überwachung des Kontaktgebers verschweißen oder verkleben können, so dass ein Löslösen des Kontaktgebers vom Betätiger nicht bemerkt wird, da die Kontakte des Schlie¬ ßers weiterhin geschlossen bleiben.A disadvantage is that the contacts of a pre there ¬ see NEN closer monitoring of the contactor weld or can stick together, so that a release of the contactor by the actuator is not noticed, since the contacts of the closing ¬ ßers remain closed.
Ein weiterer Nachteil ist, dass eine für den Schließerkontakt vorgesehene Kontaktfeder, welche den Schließer im inaktiven Zustand geöffnet hält, brechen kann. Auch in diesem Fall wird das Löslosen des Kontaktgebers vom Betätiger nicht erkannt.A further disadvantage is that a contact spring provided for the normally open contact which holds the closer open when inactive can break. Also in this case, the release of the contactor from the actuator is not recognized.
Es ist somit eine Aufgabe der Erfindung einen Befehlsschalter anzugeben, bei welchem eine nicht ordnungsgemäße Befestigung des Kontaktgebers am Betätiger sicher feststellbar ist.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a command switch, in which an improper attachment of the contactor on the actuator is securely detected.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird gelöst mit einem Befehlsschal- ter, insbesondere mit einem NOT-AUS-Schalter, welcher einen Betätiger und einen am Betätiger befestigbaren Kontaktgeber aufweist. Der Betätiger weist ein Gehäuse sowie einen in die¬ sem geführten Stößel mit einer Ruhe- und Betätigungsstellung auf. Der Kontaktgeber umfasst ein Öffner-Schaltelement, wel- ches in der Betätigungsstellung mittels des Stößels in eine geöffnete Stellung gebracht werden kann. Zudem weist der Befehlsschalter ein weiteres Schaltelement mit einem ersten Schaltstück und einem zweiten Schaltstück auf, welches getrennt am Betätiger und im/am Kontaktgeber angebracht ist. Das weitere Schaltelement schließt dabei nur, d.h. wird elek¬ trisch leitend, wenn der Kontaktgeber ordnungsgemäß am Betätiger befestigt ist.The object of the invention is achieved with a command switch, in particular with an emergency stop switch, which has an actuator and a contactor which can be fastened to the actuator. The actuator has a housing and a ram guided in the ¬ sem with a rest and actuation position. The contactor comprises an opener switching element, which can be brought into an open position in the actuation position by means of the plunger. In addition, the command switch has a further switching element with a first contact piece and a second contact piece, which is mounted separately on the actuator and / in the contactor. The other switching element closes only, ie is elec ¬ trically conductive when the contactor is properly attached to the actuator.
Der große Vorteil der Erfindung ist, dass durch die getrennte Ausführung des Befehlsschalters zwangsweise die Schaltstücke des weiteren Schaltelements voneinander getrennt werden, da diese an unterschiedlichen Bauteilen des Befehlsschalters befestigt sind. Insbesondere sind das weitere Schaltelement so¬ wie der Befehlsschalter zweiteilig ausgeführt. Das weitere Schaltelement ist folglich auch nur dann funktions- und ein¬ satzfähig, wenn die beiden Teile - Betätiger und Kontaktgeber - ordnungsgemäß miteinander befestigt sind. Ein axialer oder radialer Versatz, eine Verkippung oder Verdrehung zwischen Betätiger und Kontaktgeber führen dann dazu, dass die Kontakte der Schaltstücke untereinander keine leitende Verbindung eingehen .The great advantage of the invention is that the separate execution of the command switch compulsorily the switching pieces of the other switching element are separated from each other, since they are attached to different components of the command switch. In particular, the further switching element ¬ as the command switch are made in two parts. The further switching element is consequently only function and a set ¬ able when the two parts - Actuators and contactors - are properly fastened together. An axial or radial offset, a tilting or rotation between the actuator and contactor then cause the contacts of the contact pieces with each other no conductive connection.
Im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik werden vorteilhaft punk- tuelle Verschweißungen oder Verklebungen an den Kontakten der Schaltstücke sozusagen „auseinander gerissen", in dem der losgelöste Kontaktgeber den jeweiligen Kontakt seines Schalt- Stücks „mitnimmt".Compared to the prior art advantageous point welding or bonding on the contacts of the contact pieces are "torn apart", so to speak, in which the detached contactor "takes along" the respective contact of his switching piece.
In einer ersten Ausführungsform sind die Schaltstücke des weiteren Schaltelements gegenüberliegend angeordnet. Hierzu ist entweder das erste bzw. das zweite Schaltstück an der dem Kontaktgeber zugewandten Gehäuseseite des Betätigers ange¬ bracht, während das zweite bzw. das erste Schaltstück im oder am Kontaktgeber angebracht ist. Dadurch ist vorteilhaft eine gute Möglichkeit zur Ausrichtung der Schaltstücke zueinander gegeben .In a first embodiment, the switching pieces of the further switching element are arranged opposite one another. For this purpose, either the first or the second switching piece is attached to the contactor side facing the housing side of the actuator ¬ , while the second or the first contact piece is mounted in or on the contactor. This advantageously provides a good opportunity for aligning the switching pieces to each other.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind das Öffner-Schaltelement und ein Schaltstück des weiteren Schaltelements auf einer Leiterplatte im Kontaktgeber angeordnet. Durch die Anordnung dieser elektrischen Komponenten ist neben der mecha- nischen Fixierung im bzw. am Kontaktgeber auch eine elektrische Verbindung, wie z.B. eine Reihenschaltung der elektrischen Kontakte verschiedener Schaltelemente untereinander, in einfacher Weise möglich. Zudem kann die Leiterplatte auf einfache Weise in eine geeignete Aussparung im Kontaktgeber ein- geschoben werden.In a preferred embodiment, the normally closed switching element and a switching piece of the further switching element are arranged on a printed circuit board in the contactor. As a result of the arrangement of these electrical components, in addition to the mechanical fixation in or on the contactor, an electrical connection, such as, for example, is also provided. a series connection of the electrical contacts of different switching elements with each other, in a simple manner possible. In addition, the circuit board can be easily inserted into a suitable recess in the contactor.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind das erste Schaltstück aus mindestens zwei Kontaktstiften und das zweite Schaltstück aus einer Kontaktbrücke gebildet. Die Kon- taktbrücke kann im einfachsten Falle ein elektrischer Leiter oder auch eine Kontaktierungsflache sein. Im ordnungsgemäß montierten Zustand des Kontaktgebers am Betätiger überbrückt diese Kontaktbrücke die beiden Kontaktstifte. Diese beiden Kontaktstifte können z.B. auch an eine Außenseite des Kon¬ taktgebers zur externen Beschaltung geführt werden.In a further embodiment of the invention, the first contact piece of at least two contact pins and the second contact piece are formed from a contact bridge. The contact bridge can in the simplest case be an electrical conductor or else a contacting surface. In the correctly installed state of the contactor, bridged at the actuator this contact bridge the two pins. These two pins can be ¬ clock out for external wiring example also to an outside of the Kon.
Alternativ können die beiden Kontaktstifte auch im Gehäuse des Betätigers untergebracht werden, wobei die Kontaktstifte dann untereinander elektrisch zu verbinden sind. Auf der Seite des Kontaktgebers können zwei Kontaktierungsflachen ange¬ bracht werden, welche je einem Kontaktstift gegenüberliegen. Die Kontaktierungsflachen können z.B. kleine kreisförmige ausgewiesene Flächen auf einer Leiterplatte sein, die bei¬ spielsweise zu den externen Anschlusskontakten an die Außenseite des Kontaktgebers weitergeführt werden.Alternatively, the two contact pins can also be accommodated in the housing of the actuator, wherein the contact pins are then to be electrically connected to each other. On the side of the contactor two Kontaktierungsflachen be ¬ introduced , which each face a contact pin. The contacting surfaces may be, for example, small circular designated surfaces on a printed circuit board, which are continued to be ¬ for example to the external connection contacts to the outside of the contactor.
Durch die Verwendung von Kontaktstiften als Teilstück des weiteren Schaltelements ist eine äußerst exakte Kontaktierung möglich. Ist die Kontaktierungsflache bzw. sind die Kontak¬ tierungsflachen der Kontaktbrücke im Verhältnis zur Querschnittsfläche eines Kontaktstifts nur wenig größer, so kön- nen vorteilhaft kleinste Montagefehler wie radiale Versätze, Verkippungen etc. sofort erkannt werden. In diesen Fällen ist eine Kontaktstiftspitze nicht mehr mit einer Kontaktierungs- flache elektrisch verbunden.By using contact pins as a part of the other switching element extremely accurate contacting is possible. If the contacting area or are the Kontakt ¬ tierungsflachen the contact bridge in relation to the cross-sectional area of a contact pin is only slightly larger, so kön- NEN advantageous smallest radial mounting errors such as offsets, tilting, etc., detected immediately. In these cases, a stylus tip is no longer electrically connected to a Kontaktierungs- flat.
Die Kontaktstifte sind vorzugsweise gefedert kontaktiert, wo¬ bei sie beispielsweise einen Federweg von 1 mm aufweisen. Dies kann z.B. durch einen mechanischen Anschlag im Kontaktstift erreicht werden. Durch die federnde Kraft der Kontakt¬ stifte wird vorteilhaft eine ausreichende und konstante Kon- taktierungskraft zwischen Kontaktstift und Kontaktbrücke bzw. Kontaktierungsflache erreicht. Mögliche Fertigungstoleranzen beim Betätiger und Kontaktgeber werden dadurch ausgeglichen.The contact pins are contacted by preferably spring-loaded, where ¬ mm for example, have a travel of 1 at them. This can be achieved for example by a mechanical stop in the contact pin. By the resilient force of the contact pins ¬ a sufficient and constant is advantageously con- taktierungskraft between the contact pin and the contact link or contact pad achieved. Possible manufacturing tolerances for the actuator and contactor are compensated.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform sind das Öff- ner-Schaltelement und das weitere Schaltelement elektrisch in Reihe geschaltet. Zur externen Beschaltung sind weiterhin vorteilhaft nur zwei Anschlusskontakte zu führen. Die zusätz- liehe Funktion der Montageüberwachung ist im erfindungsgemäßen Befehlsschalter integriert.In a further advantageous embodiment, the Öffner switching element and the further switching element are electrically connected in series. For external wiring are still advantageous only two terminals to lead. The additional Liehe function of mounting supervision is integrated in the command switch according to the invention.
Schließlich kann der Kontaktgeber auf vorteilhaft einfache Weise am Betätiger aufgeschnappt, verriegelt oder ange¬ schraubt werden kann. Im Fehlerfall kann ein als defekt er¬ kannter Kontaktgeber entriegelt und ausgetauscht werden.Finally, the contactor can be snapped on an advantageous simple manner on the actuator, locked or ange ¬ screwed. In case of failure, a defective he be unlocked ¬ known per contactor and replaced.
Die Erfindung wird an Hand der nachfolgenden Figuren näher erläutert. Dabei zeigtThe invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures. It shows
FIG 1 einen Längsschnitt durch einen beispielhaften NOT- AUS-Schalter mit einem weiteren Schaltelement gemäß der Erfindung,1 shows a longitudinal section through an exemplary EMERGENCY STOP switch with a further switching element according to the invention,
FIG 2 einen Längsschnitt durch einen weiteren beispielhaf¬ ten NOT-AUS-Schalter mit auf einer Leiterplatte angeordneten Schaltelementen gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung,FIG 2 th is a longitudinal section through a further beispielhaf ¬ EMERGENCY STOP switch arranged on a printed circuit board switching elements according to an embodiment of the invention,
FIG 3 ein beispielhaftes Schaltbild zur Überwachung von zwei NOT-AUS-Stromkreisen nach dem Stand der Technik, und3 shows an exemplary circuit diagram for monitoring two emergency-stop circuits according to the prior art, and
FIG 4 ein beispielhaftes Schaltbild zur Überwachung von zwei NOT-AUS-Stromkreisen mit einem herkömmlichen und einem erfindungsgemäßen NOT-AUS-Schalter gemäß FIG 1 oder FIG 2.4 shows an exemplary circuit diagram for monitoring two emergency stop circuits with a conventional and an inventive emergency stop switch according to FIG. 1 or FIG. 2.
FIG 1 zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch einen beispielhaften1 shows a longitudinal section through an exemplary
NOT-AUS-Schalter. Im oberen Teil der Figur ist ein Betätiger 1 abgebildet, dessen Gehäuse 4 in einer Öffnung einer beispielhaften Frontplatte 2 eingesetzt ist. Aus Gründen der Ü- bersichtlichkeit wurde auf die Darstellung eines Klemmrings zur Befestigung des Betätigers 1 an der Frontplatte 2 ver¬ zichtet. Im Betätiger 1 ist ein Stößel 5 geführt, welcher an einem oberen Ende mit einer NOT-AUS-Kappe 3 fest verbunden ist. Der Betätiger 1 bzw. der Stößel 5 weisen eine Ruhe- und eine Betätigungsstellung auf. Die Betätigungsstellung ist dabei an der gestrichelten Darstellung des unteren Rands der NOT-AUS-Kappe 3 erkennbar. Bei Druck auf die NOT-AUS-Kappe 3 stellt sich der in der Figur eingetragene Betätigungsweg s ein. Diese Wegstrecke wird in gleichem Maße auch über den Stößel 5 übertragen.Emergency switch. In the upper part of the figure, an actuator 1 is shown, the housing 4 is inserted in an opening of an exemplary front panel 2. Bersichtlichkeit reasons of Ü a clamping ring for fastening of the actuator 1 on the front panel 2 ver ¬ was dispensed on the presentation. In the actuator 1, a plunger 5 is guided, which firmly connected at an upper end with an emergency stop cap 3 is. The actuator 1 and the plunger 5 have a rest and an actuating position. The actuation position can be seen on the dashed representation of the lower edge of the EMERGENCY STOP cap 3. When pressure on the EMERGENCY STOP cap 3, the registered in the figure actuating travel s sets. This distance is transmitted to the same extent via the plunger 5.
Im unteren Teil der Figur ist weiterhin ein kastenförmiger Kontaktgeber 6 dargestellt, welcher beispielhaft auf den Be¬ tätiger 1 aufgeschnappt ist. Das Bezugszeichen 10 deutet die Position von Rastnasen an, die in entsprechende Öffnungen im Gehäuse 4 des Betätigers 1 greifen. Nach dem Einschnappen ist der Kontaktgeber 6 über einen beispielhaften Halterahmen 11 formschlüssig mit dem Betätiger 1 verbunden. Das untere Ende des Stößels 5 wirkt nun auf ein an sich bekanntes Öffner- Schaltelement 8. Dabei wird in der Betätigungsstellung eine Kontaktbrücke 83 von zwei Kontakten 81, 82 getrennt. Auf die¬ se Weise wird ein NOT-AUS-Stromkreis, welcher über zwei ex- terne Anschlusskontakte 91, 92 geführt wird, unterbrochen.In the lower part of the figure, a box-shaped contactor 6 is further shown, which is snapped example of Be ¬ tiger 1. The reference numeral 10 indicates the position of locking lugs which engage in corresponding openings in the housing 4 of the actuator 1. After snapping the contactor 6 is positively connected via an exemplary support frame 11 with the actuator 1. The lower end of the plunger 5 now acts on a known per se NC switching element 8. In the operating position, a contact bridge 83 of two contacts 81, 82 is separated. Is the ¬ se way, an emergency stop circuit which is guided over two ex- ternal connecting contacts 91, 92, interrupted.
Erfindungsgemäß wird nun ein weiteres Schaltelement 7 vorge¬ sehen, welches aus einem ersten 71, 72 und aus einem zweiten Schaltstück 73 besteht. Im Beispiel der Figur bilden zwei Kontaktstifte 71, 72 das erste Schaltstück. Beide sind fest mit dem Gehäuse des Kontaktgebers 6 verbunden, wobei die Kon¬ taktstifte 71, 72 durch entsprechende Öffnungen im Halterrahmen 11 hindurchragen. Die beiden Kontaktstifte 71, 72 sind gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung bereits federnd ausgeführt. Das zweite Schaltstück 73 ist im Beispiel der Fi¬ gur eine Kontaktbrücke, welche am unteren Ende des Gehäuses 4 des Betätigers 1 angebracht ist.According to the invention a further switching element will now see 7 pre ¬, which consists of a first 71, 72 and a second contact piece 73rd In the example of the figure, two contact pins 71, 72 form the first contact piece. Both are firmly connected to the housing of the contactor 6, wherein the Kon ¬ clock pins 71, 72 protrude through corresponding openings in the holder frame 11. The two contact pins 71, 72 are already performed resilient according to an embodiment of the invention. The second switching piece 73 is in the example of Fi ¬ gur a contact bridge, which is attached to the lower end of the housing 4 of the actuator 1.
Im montierten Zustand des Kontaktgebers 6 liegen nun die bei- den Kontaktstifte 71, 72 gegenüber der Kontaktbrücke 73. Kon¬ taktstifte 71, 72 und Kontaktbrücke 73 sind so zueinander ausgerichtet und angeordnet, dass gemäß der Erfindung nur im ordnungsgemäß montierten Zustand eine leitende Verbindung zwischen den beiden Kontaktstiften über die Kontaktbrücke 73 hergestellt wird.In the mounted state of the contactor 6 are now the examples the contact pins 71, 72 relative to the contact bridge 73. Kon ¬ clock pins 71, 72 and the contact bridge 73 are aligned to each other and arranged according to the invention only in the properly assembled state, a conductive connection between the two pins on the contact bridge 73 is made.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind das Öffner-Schaltelement 8 und das weitere Schaltelement 7 elektrisch in Reihe geschaltet. Dies ist im Beispiel der Fi¬ gur bereits geschehen. Über die beiden externen Anschlüsse 91, 92 ist somit eine NOT-AUS-Erkennung wie auch eine Monta- geÜberwachung des Kontaktgebers 6 am Betätiger 1 möglich.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the normally closed switching element 8 and the further switching element 7 are electrically connected in series. This has already happened in the example of FIG . Thus, via the two external connections 91, 92, an emergency-off detection as well as an assembly monitoring of the contactor 6 on the actuator 1 are possible.
FIG 2 zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch einen weiteren beispiel¬ haften NOT-AUS-Schalter mit auf einer Leiterplatte 13 angeordneten Schaltelementen 7', 81', 82'. Der Kontaktgeber 6' ist bereits am Gehäuse 4' des Betätigers 1' befestigt darge¬ stellt. Im Kontaktgeber 6' sind Haltestege 12 zur Aufnahme und Fixierung der Leiterplatte 13 vorgesehen. Mit dem Bezugs¬ zeichen 81' und 82' sind zwei Öffnerkontakte eines Öffner- Schaltelements symbolisiert. Mittels je eines Stößels 51, 52, die untereinander mechanisch fest verbunden sind, können die Öffner-Kontakte 81', 82' bei einem NOT-AUS zwangsgeöffnet werden. Neben den Öffner-Kontakten 81', 82' sind zudem zwei Kontaktstifte 71', 72' auf der Leiterplatte 13 angebracht und dort eingelötet. Im ordnungsgemäß montierten Zustand des Kon- taktgebers 6' werden die beiden Kontaktstifte 71', 72' über eine Kontaktbrücke 73' elektrisch leitend verbunden. Die Öff¬ ner-Kontakte 81', 82' sowie die Kontaktstifte 71', 72' sind untereinander in Reihe verschaltet, so dass über die externen Anschlusskontakte 91', 92' eine NOT-AUS-Erkennung sowie eine Montageüberwachung des Kontaktgebers 6' am Betätiger 1' möglich ist.FIG 2 shows a longitudinal section through a further example ¬ an EMERGENCY-OFF switch arranged on a printed circuit board 13 switching elements 7 ', 81', 82 '. The contactor 6 'is already attached to the housing 4' of the actuator 1 'Darge ¬ provides. In the contactor 6 'holding webs 12 for receiving and fixing the circuit board 13 are provided. With the reference ¬ sign 81 'and 82' are symbolized two normally closed contacts of a normally closed switching element. By means of a respective plunger 51, 52 which are mechanically fixed to one another, the NC contacts 81 ', 82' can be forcibly opened in the event of an EMERGENCY STOP. In addition to the NC contacts 81 ', 82' are also two contact pins 71 ', 72' mounted on the circuit board 13 and soldered there. In the properly mounted state of the contactor 6 ', the two contact pins 71', 72 'are electrically conductively connected via a contact bridge 73'. The Öff ¬ ner contacts 81 ', 82' and the contact pins 71 ', 72' are interconnected in series, so that via the external terminal contacts 91 ', 92' an emergency stop detection and mounting supervision of the contactor 6 'on Actuator 1 'is possible.
FIG 3 zeigt ein Schaltbild zur Überwachung von zwei NOT-AUS- Stromkreisen nach dem Stand der Technik. Ein Überwachungsge- rät 14 überwacht beispielhaft einen NOT-AUS-Schalter mit zwei Öffner-Schaltelementen 8, 16. Eine Überwachung eines Kontakt- gebers 6, 6' auf eine ordnungsgemäße Montage hin ist in die¬ sem Fall nicht möglich.3 shows a circuit diagram for monitoring two emergency-stop circuits according to the prior art. A monitoring device 14 monitors, by way of example, an emergency-stop switch with two normally closed switching elements 8, 16. Monitoring of a contactor encoder 6, 6 'to a proper fitting out is not possible in the case ¬ sem.
FIG 4 zeigt ein beispielhaftes Schaltbild eines NOT-AUS- Stromkreises mit einem herkömmlichen und einem erfindungsge¬ mäßen NOT-AUS-Schalter gemäß FIG 1 und FIG 2. Ein weiteres Überwachungsgerät 15 überwacht beispielhaft einen NOT-AUS- Schalter mit zwei Öffner-Schaltelementen 8, 16 und je einem weiteren Schaltelement 7. Das weitere Schaltelement 7 trägt entsprechend seiner Funktion das schaltungstechnische Symbol eines Öffners. Durch die Reihenschaltung ist gemäß der Erfindung eine NOT-AUS-Erkennung sowie eine Erkennung eines nicht ordnungsgemäß montierten Kontaktgebers 6, 6' möglich. In bei¬ den Fällen wird der betreffende NOT-AUS-Stromkreis geöffnet, so dass darauf hin eine elektrische Maschine oder andere An¬ lagenteile sicher abgeschaltet werden können.4 shows an exemplary circuit diagram of an emergency stop circuit with a conventional and erfindungsge ¬ MAESSEN EMERGENCY STOP switch according to FIG 1 and FIG 2. Another monitor 15 monitors an example of an emergency stop switch with two NC switching elements. 8 , 16 and each a further switching element 7. The further switching element 7 carries according to its function, the circuit-technical symbol of an opener. The series connection according to the invention, an emergency stop detection and detection of a not properly mounted contactor 6, 6 'possible. In ¬ cases, the relevant EMERGENCY STOP circuit is opened, so that thereon an electrical machine or other An ¬ parts of parts can be safely switched off.
Alternativ können die Kontakte eines Öffner-Schaltelements 81, 81', 82, 82' sowie eines weiteren Schaltelements 71, 71', 72, 72', 73, 73' auch separat, d.h. nicht in Reihenschaltung, zu externen Anschlusskontakten am Kontaktgeber 6, 6' verlegt werden. In diesem Fall kann eine Überwachungseinrichtung die Erkennung eines NOT-AUS sowie die Erkennung eines nicht ord¬ nungsgemäß montierten Kontaktgebers getrennt überwachen. Alternatively, the contacts of an NC switching element 81, 81 ', 82, 82' and another switching element 71, 71 ', 72, 72', 73, 73 'also separately, ie not in series, to external terminal contacts on the contactor 6, 6 'are laid. In this case, a monitoring device may monitor the detection of an emergency stop as well as the recognition of a non-ord ¬ voltage according to the assembled contactor separately.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Befehlsschalter, insbesondere NOT-AUS-Schalter,1. command switch, in particular emergency stop switch,
- mit einem Betätiger (1), welcher ein Gehäuse (4) und einen in diesem geführten Stößel (5) mit einer Ruhe- und Betäti¬ gungsstellung aufweist,- with an actuator (1) comprising a housing (4) and a guided in this plunger (5) having a rest position and Actuate the ¬ supply position,
- mit einem Kontaktgeber (6), welcher am Betätiger (1) befestigbar ist und welcher ein Öffner-Schaltelement (8) aufweist, wobei das Öffner-Schaltelement (8) in der Betä- tigungsstellung mittels des Stößels (5) in eine geöffnete Stellung gebracht werden kann, und- With a contactor (6) which can be fastened to the actuator (1) and which has an opener-switching element (8), wherein the opener-switching element (8) in the actuation tigungsstellung means of the plunger (5) in an open position can be brought, and
- mit einem weiteren Schaltelement (7) mit einem ersten Schaltstück (71, 72) und zweiten Schaltstück (73), welche getrennt am Betätiger (1) und im Kontaktgeber (6) ange- bracht sind, so dass das weitere Schaltelement (7) bei ordnungsgemäßer Befestigung des Kontaktgebers (6) am Betätiger (1) geschlossen ist.- With a further switching element (7) with a first contact piece (71, 72) and second contact piece (73), which are separately on the actuator (1) and in the contactor (6) mounted, so that the further switching element (7) is closed with proper attachment of the contactor (6) on the actuator (1).
2. Befehlsschalter nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Schaltstücke (71-73) des weiteren Schaltelements (7) gegenüberliegend an¬ geordnet sind.2. Command switch according to claim 1, wherein the switching pieces (71-73) of the further switching element (7) are arranged opposite to ¬ .
3. Befehlsschalter nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei das Öffner-Schaltelement (8) und ein Schaltstück (71, 72) des weite- ren Schaltelements (7) auf einer Leiterplatte (13) im Kon¬ taktgeber (6) angeordnet sind.3. Command switch according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the normally closed switching element (8) and a switching piece (71, 72) of the further switching element (7) on a printed circuit board (13) in Kon ¬ clock generator (6) are arranged.
4. Befehlsschalter nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, wobei das erste Schaltstück (71, 72) aus mindestens zwei Kontaktstiften und das zweite Schaltstück (73) aus einer Kontaktbrücke gebildet sind.4. Command switch according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first contact piece (71, 72) of at least two contact pins and the second contact piece (73) are formed from a contact bridge.
5. Befehlsschalter nach Anspruch 4, wobei die Kontaktstifte (71, 72) gefedert kontaktieren. 5. Command switch according to claim 4, wherein the contact pins (71, 72) contact sprung.
6. Befehlsschalter nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, wobei das Öffner-Schaltelement (8, 16) und das weitere Schaltelement (7) elektrisch in Reihe geschaltet sind.6. Command switch according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the normally closed switching element (8, 16) and the further switching element (7) are electrically connected in series.
7. Befehlsschalter nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, wobei der Kontaktgeber (6) am Betätiger (1) aufgeschnappt, verriegelt oder angeschraubt werden kann. 7. Command switch according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the contactor (6) on the actuator (1) can be snapped, locked or screwed.
EP06708605A 2005-03-08 2006-03-02 Command switch, in particular an emergency stop switch Active EP1856706B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005010661A DE102005010661B4 (en) 2005-03-08 2005-03-08 Command switch, in particular EMERGENCY STOP switch
PCT/EP2006/060401 WO2006094928A1 (en) 2005-03-08 2006-03-02 Command switch, in particular an emergency stop switch

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EP1856706A1 true EP1856706A1 (en) 2007-11-21
EP1856706B1 EP1856706B1 (en) 2011-04-27

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AT (1) ATE507569T1 (en)
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EP1856706B1 (en) 2011-04-27
ATE507569T1 (en) 2011-05-15
DE502006009392D1 (en) 2011-06-09
DE102005010661A1 (en) 2006-09-14
WO2006094928A1 (en) 2006-09-14
US7786398B2 (en) 2010-08-31
DE102005010661B4 (en) 2006-12-21
US20080230358A1 (en) 2008-09-25

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