EP1964139B1 - Command device with switching element monitoring - Google Patents
Command device with switching element monitoring Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1964139B1 EP1964139B1 EP06807771A EP06807771A EP1964139B1 EP 1964139 B1 EP1964139 B1 EP 1964139B1 EP 06807771 A EP06807771 A EP 06807771A EP 06807771 A EP06807771 A EP 06807771A EP 1964139 B1 EP1964139 B1 EP 1964139B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- installation unit
- unit according
- actuator
- contact
- switching element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Not-in-force
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
- H01H3/022—Emergency operating parts, e.g. for stop-switch in dangerous conditions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/20—Interlocking, locking, or latching mechanisms
- H01H9/22—Interlocking, locking, or latching mechanisms for interlocking between casing, cover, or protective shutter and mechanism for operating contacts
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrical installation unit for contacting electrical consumers, wherein the installation unit has at least two contact elements.
- Command devices are generally modular; that is, they consist of an actuator, a fastening part (for example, a ring nut or mounting bracket) and one or more switching elements, which are designed as normally closed or normally closed contacts.
- a fastening part for example, a ring nut or mounting bracket
- switching elements are designed as normally closed or normally closed contacts.
- To mount the actuator is usually inserted from the front through a hole in the panel and mounted from behind by means of a mounting part.
- the switching elements are mechanically connected to the actuator or the fastening part with screws, snap hook or latch. The electrical connection of the switching elements with the controller via the terminals.
- the switching elements Since in a spatial separation of the switching element from the actuator, the normally closed contacts are still closed, this error can not be detected by control. Even for the operators of this error is not recognizable because the switching elements, which are located behind the panel or a housing, are normally not visible. In certain applications, the switching elements are not mechanically fixed to the actuator. This is the case when in a housing, the switching elements including wiring in the ground (for example, on a DIN rail) are mounted and the actuator is mounted in the lid. The required spatial allocation between the actuator and switching elements is dependent on the fact that the lid is properly closed. If the cover of a housing or the cabinet door is opened when an EMERGENCY STOP device is actuated, the contacts opened during actuation close, and the EMERGENCY OFF command is disabled, which can have serious consequences.
- Switching elements which attempt to prevent or at least detect the errors described above.
- These switching elements include a normally closed and a normally open contact. In the unactuated state, the NC contact is closed and the NO contact open.
- the switching element slide is designed so that when properly fastened the switching elements in the actuator of the slide is actuated so far that the normally open contact is closed, but not so far that the normally closed contact is opened. In a series connection of NC and NO and a proper spatial allocation of switching element and unactuated actuator, the circuit is thus closed.
- the EMERGENCY STOP device is actuated, the normally closed contact is opened and the circuit is interrupted despite the normally closed normally open contact.
- the switching element slider which carries the movable contact piece, positively connected to the plunger of the actuator. If this connection is missing, the normally closed contact is opened by a spring which acts on the switching element slide in the actuating direction. Forced opening is not given due to the opening of the contacts by spring force.
- the same functionality is used in a WO 2004/023501 patented solution applied.
- the peculiarity is the connection of Switch element slide and actuator push rod through a bayonet lock.
- the invention has for its object to provide a command device, which inevitably interrupts the circuit in an improper spatial association between the actuator and switching element.
- the electrical connection is not or no longer available and the circuit is thus interrupted.
- the interruption of the circuit upon removal of the switching element from the actuator inevitably, that is, the interruption of the circuit is not dependent on a spring force that may fail due to spring breakage, welded contacts or increased friction.
- the solution according to the invention is simpler, space-saving and also more economical to produce.
- the installation unit has a contact device for interrupting the conductive connection.
- This contact device is present in addition to the means for interruption in disassembly of the installation unit.
- the installation unit can be used for example as a circuit breaker or push button.
- the contact device has a relaxed and a cocked position under the action of a spring mechanism.
- a switching mechanism designed as a pressure switch or a push-button switch can be realized in a simple manner.
- a return spring is provided as a spring mechanism for tensioning the contact device.
- the spring mechanism can be realized by simple standard components.
- the contact device is provided in the relaxed position for closing and in the cocked position for breaking the conductive connection.
- the circuit is closed when not operated contact device, whereby the installation unit is particularly suitable as a command device for interrupting a circuit.
- a plunger which has a rest and an actuating position, is provided to act on the contact device, wherein the contact device can be moved by movement of the plunger in its rest position in the relaxed position and by movement of the plunger in its operating position in the cocked position.
- the installation unit for acting on the plunger on an actuator with a provided for guiding the plunger area and a spatially fixed to the actuator and provided for receiving the contact device switching element.
- the means for interruption ensure that in an incorrect spatial assignment between the actuator and contact device of the circuit is interrupted.
- This separate version of actuator and contact device facilitates, for example, the assembly of the command device to a control panel.
- a fastening element is advantageously provided for mounting the installation unit on a surface, by means of dem.der can be fixed by a recess in the surface of the fastener opposite side set pluggable actuator.
- a secure hold of the command device is guaranteed.
- the switching element by screwing the Aufschnappen indirectly via the fastener or directly connected to the actuator.
- the installation unit can be mounted safely and easily.
- the means for interrupting the conductive connection on a contacting element which is associated with a removable part of the installation unit, and two connecting elements for contacting with the contacting element.
- a conductive contact pin is provided as contacting element, which is arranged in the properly assembled state of the installation unit between the two connecting elements.
- the contact pin and / or the two connecting elements on a spring property and the distance between the connecting elements is smaller than the diameter or the width of the contact pin.
- the spring property can be realized in the contact pin, for example by a longitudinal slot.
- an insulating material is provided for embedding the contact pin such that when contacting the contact pin with the connecting elements no conductive part is more touchable '. Thus, restrictions on the permissible operating voltage or operating current are not required.
- two connecting elements in the switching element and a fixed to the actuator conductive contact pin are provided as a means for interrupting the conductive connection, by means of which with a correct spatial association between the actuator and the switching element conductive connection between the connecting elements via the contact pin can be produced, which can be plugged through a recess in a housing of the switching element.
- the presence of the inadvertently connected to the actuator pin is automatically ensured that in actuators, in which the use of switching elements is provided with absence assurance, no normal switching elements without absence assurance can be mounted.
- the contact pin and / or the two connecting elements on a spring property, wherein the distance between the connecting elements is smaller than the diameter or the width of the contact pin.
- an insulating material is provided for embedding the contact pin, that when contacting the contact pin with the connecting elements no conductive part is more touchable.
- the length of the contact pin is dimensioned such that upon release of the switching element from the actuator, the conductive connection between the connecting elements can be interrupted before over the actuator no effect is exerted on the plunger. This ensures that that the conductive connection is already interrupted before the actuator can no longer fulfill its function.
- the recess in the housing of the switching element, through which the contact pin is pluggable designed funnel-shaped. As a result, the joining of switching element and actuator is facilitated.
- an electrical conductor is provided as the contacting element instead of the contact pin.
- This conductor may be, for example, a wire or a stranded wire.
- the electrical conductor advantageously has an electrical insulation. In turn, this results in no restrictions with respect to the operating current and the operating voltage compared to normal switching elements.
- the electrical conductor is fixedly connected at one end to a connecting element and connectable to the other end at the other connecting element via a plug connection.
- the interruption of the circuit can be achieved by releasing the connection between the electrical conductor and connecting element non-destructive.
- the installation unit which is designed with a separate actuator und'Schaltelement, are provided as a means for interrupting the conductive connection two connecting elements in the switching element and a feasible through two recesses in a housing of the switching element electrical conductor, wherein the electrical conductor to one end firmly connected to a connecting element and after a correct spatial association between switching element and actuator by a provided on a housing of the actuator recess and feasible at the second end to the second connecting element is connectable.
- the electrical conductor to an electrical insulation.
- the length of the electrical conductor is dimensioned such that upon release of the switching element from the actuator, the conductive connection between the two connecting elements can be interrupted before over the actuator no effect is exerted on the plunger. This ensures that a spatial separation of actuator and switching element also entails an electrical interruption of the conductive connection.
- the installation unit of the fastening mechanism between the switching element and the actuator is provided with blocked ram and exceeding a certain operating force for the separation of the switching element from the actuator.
- Contacts may weld as a result of a short circuit. If this welding is so massive that, for example, when an EMERGENCY STOP command device is actuated, the contacts are not broken, the safety-relevant function of the device, ie the opening of the contacts, no longer exists.
- the attachment mechanism (snap hooks, for example) between switching element and actuator can be designed so that when a certain welding force is exceeded, the switching element by transferring the operating force on the blocked slide from the actuator triggers (for example, by a predetermined breaking point) and thereby despite welded Contacts of the circuit is necessarily interrupted by separation of the contact pin from the switching element.
- a controller for measuring the potential difference between the contact pins and at least one of the two contact elements the installation unit provided.
- the contact pin and both contact elements of the installation unit are at the same potential in terms of voltage.
- the contact element lying on the same side as the contact pin and the contact pin has the same potential but a different potential than the contact element lying on the opposite side of the contact device.
- the potential of the contact pin differs from the potential of the contact element lying on the same side of the contact device as the contact pin, it can be concluded that the proper spatial allocation of the switching element and actuator is not or no longer present.
- the voltage dependent on the operating state voltage potential of the contact pin to the contact elements of the switching element can thus be used for display and reporting purposes.
- a controller for measuring the potential difference between both sides of the contact device is provided.
- a controller for measuring the potential difference between both sides of the contact device is provided.
- a controller for measuring the potential difference between both sides of the means for interrupting the conductive connection is provided. This can be determined in a simple manner, whether a correct spatial assignment of the actuator to the switching element is present.
- the installation unit is provided for use as an emergency stop command device.
- Detaches the switching element from the actuated emergency stop actuator for example by opening a housing in which the switching elements in the bottom and the actuator are arranged in the lid, the EMERGENCY-OFF circuit is briefly closed by closing the normally closed contact in the known solutions, before the circuit is interrupted by opening the normally open circuit again.
- This short-circuiting of the EMERGENCY STOP circuit can possibly lead to dangerous operating conditions. In the solution according to the invention this is not the case.
- the invention relates to an electrical installation unit for contacting electrical consuming, wherein the installation unit has at least two contact elements.
- the invention has for its object to provide an installation unit in which upon disassembly of the installation unit existing between the two contact elements electrical connection is inevitably interrupted.
- This object is achieved in that the installation unit has means which are provided for interrupting the leading to the contact elements conductive connection during disassembly of the installation unit.
- These means consist of two connecting elements in a switching element of the installation unit and, for example, a contact pin made of a conductive material, which produces a conductive connection between the connecting elements in a properly mounted state of the installation unit.
- the electrical connection between the connecting elements can be produced by a wire or a strand through which the electrical connection is interrupted when the installation unit is disassembled, for example by tearing the wire or strand.
- a particularly advantageous application is the installation unit according to the invention, for example, in the use as an emergency stop command device.
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- Push-Button Switches (AREA)
- Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
- Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
- Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
- Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
- Electronic Switches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine elektrische Installationseinheit zur Kontaktierung von elektrischen Verbrauchern, wobei die, Installationseinheit mindestens zwei Kontaktelemente aufweist.The invention relates to an electrical installation unit for contacting electrical consumers, wherein the installation unit has at least two contact elements.
Eine derartige Installationseinheit kommt bei Maschinen oder elektrischen Anlagen zum Einsatz, die über Befehlsgeräte, wie zum Beispiel Drucktaster, Wahlschalter usw., die auf die Steuerung einwirken, bedient werden. Diese Befehlsgeräte werden in Schalttafeln, Bedientableaus, Schaltschranktüren oder Gehäusedeckeln montiert. Befehlsgeräte sind in der Regel modular aufgebaut; das heißt sie bestehen aus einem Betätiger, einem Befestigungsteil (zum Beispiel Ringmutter oder Montagehalter) und einem oder mehreren Schaltelementen, die als Öffner- oder Schließerschaltglieder ausgeführt sind. Zur Montage wird der Betätiger in der Regel von vorne durch ein Loch in der Schalttafel gesteckt und von hinten mittels eines Befestigungsteils montiert. Die Schaltelemente werden mit Schrauben, Schnapphaken oder Riegel mechanisch mit dem Betätiger oder dem Befestigungsteil verbunden. Die elektrische Verbindung der Schaltelemente mit der Steuerung erfolgt über die Anschlussklemmen.Such an installation unit is used in machinery or electrical equipment operated by command devices such as pushbuttons, selector switches, etc. acting on the controller. These command devices are mounted in control panels, control panels, control cabinet doors or enclosure covers. Command devices are generally modular; that is, they consist of an actuator, a fastening part (for example, a ring nut or mounting bracket) and one or more switching elements, which are designed as normally closed or normally closed contacts. To mount the actuator is usually inserted from the front through a hole in the panel and mounted from behind by means of a mounting part. The switching elements are mechanically connected to the actuator or the fastening part with screws, snap hook or latch. The electrical connection of the switching elements with the controller via the terminals.
Bei Sicherheitsanwendungen, wie zum Beispiel NOT-AUS-Befehlsgeräten, ist es Vorschrift, dass das Signal durch das Öffnen von zwangsöffnenden Kontakten erzeugt wird. Das heißt, dass bei einem unbetätigten NOT-AUS-Befehlsgerät die Kontakte und damit der zugehörige Stromkreis geschlossen sind. Im Störungs- oder Notfall wird durch Schlagen auf den NOT-AUS-Betätiger, der sich vor der Schalttafel befindet, der Öffnerkontakt unterbrochen und die Anlage oder Maschine in einen sicheren Zustand versetzt. Dies funktioniert jedoch nur, wenn die räumliche Zuordnung zwischen Betätiger und Schaltelement sichergestellt ist. Durch mangelhafte Montage oder durch Gewalteinwirkung kann es vorkommen, dass die Schaltelemente mechanisch vom Betätiger getrennt werden. In diesem Fall ist das NOT-AUS-Befehlsgerät nicht mehr funktionsfähig, das heißt bei einer Betätigung im Notfall werden die Kontakte nicht geöffnet, und damit erfolgt auch keine Beseitigung des Gefahrenzustandes. Dies kann zu fatalen Schäden für Mensch und Maschine führen.In safety applications, such as EMERGENCY STOP command devices, it is a requirement that the signal is generated by the opening of positive-opening contacts. This means that with an unconfirmed EMERGENCY STOP command device, the contacts and thus the associated circuit are closed. In the event of a fault or emergency, the NC contact is interrupted by striking the EMERGENCY STOP actuator, which is located in front of the control panel, and the system or machine is placed in a safe state. However, this only works if the spatial assignment between the actuator and the switching element is ensured. Due to faulty mounting or due to the effects of force, it may happen that the switching elements are mechanical be separated from the actuator. In this case, the EMERGENCY STOP command device is no longer functional, that is, in an emergency operation, the contacts are not opened, and thus there is no removal of the dangerous condition. This can lead to fatal damage to man and machine.
Da bei einer räumlichen Trennung des Schaltelements vom Betätiger die Öffnerkontakte weiterhin geschlossen sind, kann dieser Fehler steuerungsmäßig nicht erkannt werden. Auch für die Bedienpersonen ist dieser Fehler nicht erkennbar, da die Schaltelemente, die sich hinter der Schalttafel oder einem Gehäuse befinden, normälerweise nicht einsehbar sind. In bestimmten Anwendungsfällen sind die Schaltelemente nicht mechanisch fest mit dem Betätiger verbunden. Dies ist der Fall, wenn in einem Gehäuse die Schaltelemente einschließlich Verdrahtung im Boden (zum Beispiel auf einer Hutschiene) montiert sind und der Betätiger im Deckel befestigt ist. Dabei ist die erforderliche räumliche Zuordnung zwischen Betätiger und Schaltelementen davon abhängig, dass der Deckel ordnungsgemäß verschlossen ist. Wird bei einem betätigten NOT-AUS-Gerät der Deckel eines Gehäuses oder die Schaltschranktür geöffnet, so schließen die beim Betätigen geöffneten Kontakte, und der NOT-AUS-Befehl wird außer Kraft gesetzt, was schlimme Folgen haben kann.Since in a spatial separation of the switching element from the actuator, the normally closed contacts are still closed, this error can not be detected by control. Even for the operators of this error is not recognizable because the switching elements, which are located behind the panel or a housing, are normally not visible. In certain applications, the switching elements are not mechanically fixed to the actuator. This is the case when in a housing, the switching elements including wiring in the ground (for example, on a DIN rail) are mounted and the actuator is mounted in the lid. The required spatial allocation between the actuator and switching elements is dependent on the fact that the lid is properly closed. If the cover of a housing or the cabinet door is opened when an EMERGENCY STOP device is actuated, the contacts opened during actuation close, and the EMERGENCY OFF command is disabled, which can have serious consequences.
Aus
Eine unter
Bei einer unter
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Befehlsgerät anzugeben, das bei einer nicht ordnungsgemäßen räumlichen Zuordnung zwischen Betätiger und Schaltelement den Stromkreis zwangsläufig unterbricht.The invention has for its object to provide a command device, which inevitably interrupts the circuit in an improper spatial association between the actuator and switching element.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer elektrischen Installationseinheit der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, dass die Installationseinheit Mittel aufweist, die zur Unterbrechung einer zu den Kontaktelementen führenden leitenden Verbindung bei Demontage der Installationseinheit vorgesehen sind.This object is achieved in an electrical installation unit of the type mentioned above in that the installation unit has means which are provided for interrupting a leading to the contact elements conductive connection during disassembly of the installation unit.
Ist die korrekte räumliche Zuordnung nicht oder nicht mehr gegeben (zum Beispiel wegen mangelhafter Montage, Gewalteinwirkung oder einem nicht ordnungsgemäß verschlossenen Gerätedeckel), so ist auch die elektrische Verbindung nicht bzw. nicht mehr vorhanden und der Stromkreis somit unterbrochen. Im Gegensatz zu der Lösung mit dem in Reihe geschalteten Schließerkontakt (siehe
In einer vorteilhaften Form der Ausführung weist die Installationseinheit eine Kontaktvorrichtung zur Unterbrechung der leitenden Verbindung auf. Diese Kontaktvorrichtung ist zusätzlich zu den Mitteln zur Unterbrechung bei Demontage der Installationseinheit vorhanden. Durch diese Kontaktvorrichtung kann die Installationseinheit zum Beispiel als Ausschalter oder Drucktaster verwendet werden.In an advantageous embodiment of the embodiment, the installation unit has a contact device for interrupting the conductive connection. This contact device is present in addition to the means for interruption in disassembly of the installation unit. By this contact device, the installation unit can be used for example as a circuit breaker or push button.
Vorteilhafterweise weist die Kontaktvorrichtung dabei unter der Wirkung eines Federmechanismus eine entspannte und eine gespannte Stellung auf. Hierdurch kann ein als Druckschalter oder Tastschalter ausgebildeter Schaltmechanismus auf einfache Weise realisiert werden.Advantageously, the contact device has a relaxed and a cocked position under the action of a spring mechanism. As a result, a switching mechanism designed as a pressure switch or a push-button switch can be realized in a simple manner.
Vorteilhafterweise ist dabei als Federmechanismus zur Spannung der Kontaktvorrichtung eine Rückdruckfeder vorgesehen. Hierdurch kann der Federmechanismus durch einfache Standardbauteile realisiert werden.Advantageously, a return spring is provided as a spring mechanism for tensioning the contact device. As a result, the spring mechanism can be realized by simple standard components.
Vorteilhafterweise ist die Kontaktvorrichtung in der entspannten Stellung zum Schließen und in der gespannten Stellung zum Unterbrechen der leitenden Verbindung vorgesehen. Hierdurch ist bei nichtbetätigter Kontaktvorrichtung der Stromkreis geschlossen, wodurch sich die Installationseinheit insbesondere als Befehlsgerät zum Unterbrechen eines Stromkreises eignet.Advantageously, the contact device is provided in the relaxed position for closing and in the cocked position for breaking the conductive connection. As a result, the circuit is closed when not operated contact device, whereby the installation unit is particularly suitable as a command device for interrupting a circuit.
Vorteilhafterweise ist zur Einwirkung auf die Kontaktvorrichtung ein Stößel, der eine Ruhe- und eine Betätigungsstellung aufweist, vorgesehen, wobei die Kontaktvorrichtung durch Bewegung des Stößels in seine Ruhestellung in die entspannte Stellung und durch Bewegung des Stößels in seine Betätigungsstellung in die gespannte Stellung überführbar ist. Durch die Übertragung der zur Betätigung benötigten Kraft mittels des Stößels ist eine einfache Anbringung eines Betätigungselements mit Standardbauteilen leicht realisierbar.Advantageously, a plunger, which has a rest and an actuating position, is provided to act on the contact device, wherein the contact device can be moved by movement of the plunger in its rest position in the relaxed position and by movement of the plunger in its operating position in the cocked position. By transmitting the force required for actuation by means of the plunger, a simple attachment of an actuating element with standard components can be easily realized.
Vorteilhafterweise weist also die Installationseinheit zur Einwirkung auf den Stößel einen Betätiger mit einem zur Führung des Stößels vorgesehenen Bereich sowie ein dem Betätiger räumlich fest zuordbares und zur Aufnahme der Kontaktvorrichtung vorgesehenes Schaltelement auf. Dabei sorgen die Mittel zur Unterbrechung dafür, dass bei einer nicht korrekten räumlichen Zuordnung zwischen Betätiger und Kontaktvorrichtung der Stromkreis unterbrochen ist. Diese separate Ausführung von Betätiger- und Kontaktvorrichtung erleichtert zum Beispiel die Montage des Befehlsgerätes an einer Schalttafel.Advantageously, therefore, the installation unit for acting on the plunger on an actuator with a provided for guiding the plunger area and a spatially fixed to the actuator and provided for receiving the contact device switching element. The means for interruption ensure that in an incorrect spatial assignment between the actuator and contact device of the circuit is interrupted. This separate version of actuator and contact device facilitates, for example, the assembly of the command device to a control panel.
Dabei ist vorteilhafterweise zur Montage der Installationseinheit an einer Fläche ein Befestigungselement vorgesehen, mittels dem.der durch eine Ausnehmung in der Fläche von der dem Befestigungselement entgegen gesetzten Seite hindurch steckbare Betätiger fixierbar ist. Somit ist ein sicherer Halt des Befehlsgeräts gewährleistet.In this case, a fastening element is advantageously provided for mounting the installation unit on a surface, by means of dem.der can be fixed by a recess in the surface of the fastener opposite side set pluggable actuator. Thus, a secure hold of the command device is guaranteed.
Vorteilhafterweise ist das Schaltelement durch Anschrauben der Aufschnappen indirekt über das Befestigungselement oder direkt mit dem Betätiger verbindbar. Auf diese Weise kann die Installationseinheit sicher und einfach montiert werden.Advantageously, the switching element by screwing the Aufschnappen indirectly via the fastener or directly connected to the actuator. In this way, the installation unit can be mounted safely and easily.
In einer besonders vorteilhaften Form der Ausführung weisen die Mittel zur Unterbrechung der leitenden Verbindung ein Kontaktierungselement, das einem abnehmbaren Teil der Installationseinheit zugeordnet ist, und zwei Verbindungselemente zur Kontaktierung mit dem Kontaktierungselement auf. Durch die Zuordnung des Kontaktierungselements zum abnehmbaren Teil der Installationseinheit ist auf einfache Weise sichergestellt, dass die leitende Verbindung bei Demontage der Installationseinheit unterbrochen ist.In a particularly advantageous form of the embodiment, the means for interrupting the conductive connection on a contacting element, which is associated with a removable part of the installation unit, and two connecting elements for contacting with the contacting element. By assigning the contacting element to the removable part of the installation unit is ensured in a simple manner that the conductive connection is broken when disassembling the installation unit.
Vorteilhafterweise ist dabei als Kontaktierungselement ein leitfähiger Kontaktstift vorgesehen, der im ordnungsgemäß montierten Zustand der Installationseinheit zwischen den beiden Verbindungselementen angeordnet ist.Advantageously, a conductive contact pin is provided as contacting element, which is arranged in the properly assembled state of the installation unit between the two connecting elements.
Vorteilhafterweise weist der Kontaktstift und/oder die beiden Verbindungselemente eine Federeigenschaft auf und der Abstand zwischen den Verbindungselementen ist kleiner als der Durchmesser bzw. die Breite des Kontaktstiftes. Durch Ausnützung der Federeigenschaft der beiden Verbindungselemente bzw. des Kontaktstiftes, der im ungestörten Betrieb die Verbindung zwischen den beiden Teilen herstellt, wird eine sichere und dauerhafte elektrische Verbindung gewährleistet. Dabei kann die Federeigenschaft im Kontaktstift zum Beispiel durch einen Längsschlitz realisiert werden. Vorteilhafterweise ist ein Isoliermaterial derart zur Einbettung des Kontaktstiftes vorgesehen, dass bei Kontaktierung des Kontaktstiftes mit den Verbindungselementen kein leitfähiges Teil mehr berührbar ist'. So sind Einschränkungen bezüglich zulässiger Betriebsspannung oder Betriebsstrom nicht erforderlich.Advantageously, the contact pin and / or the two connecting elements on a spring property and the distance between the connecting elements is smaller than the diameter or the width of the contact pin. By exploiting the spring property of the two connecting elements or the contact pin, which establishes the connection between the two parts in undisturbed operation, a secure and permanent electrical connection is ensured. In this case, the spring property can be realized in the contact pin, for example by a longitudinal slot. Advantageously, an insulating material is provided for embedding the contact pin such that when contacting the contact pin with the connecting elements no conductive part is more touchable '. Thus, restrictions on the permissible operating voltage or operating current are not required.
In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Installationseinheit, die mit separatem Betätiger und Kontaktvorrichtung ausgeführt ist, sind als Mittel zur Unterbrechung der leitenden Verbindung zwei Verbindungselemente im Schaltelement sowie ein am Betätiger befestigter leitfähiger Kontaktstift vorgesehen, mittels denen bei einer korrekten räumlichen Zuordnung zwischen Betätiger und Schaltelement eine leitende Verbindung zwischen den Verbindungselementen über den Kontaktstift herstellbar ist, der durch eine Ausnehmung in einem Gehäuse des Schaltelements hindurch steckbar ist. Durch das Vorhandensein des mit dem Betätiger untrennbar verbundenen Kontaktstifts wird automatisch sichergestellt, dass bei Betätigern, bei denen die Verwendung von Schaltelementen mit Abwesenheitssicherung vorgesehen ist, keine normalen Schaltelemente ohne Abwesenheitssicherung montierbar sind.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the installation unit, which is embodied with a separate actuator and contact device, two connecting elements in the switching element and a fixed to the actuator conductive contact pin are provided as a means for interrupting the conductive connection, by means of which with a correct spatial association between the actuator and the switching element conductive connection between the connecting elements via the contact pin can be produced, which can be plugged through a recess in a housing of the switching element. The presence of the inadvertently connected to the actuator pin is automatically ensured that in actuators, in which the use of switching elements is provided with absence assurance, no normal switching elements without absence assurance can be mounted.
Vorteilhafterweise weisen auch hierbei der Kontaktstift und/oder die beiden Verbindungselemente eine Federeigenschaft auf, wobei der Abstand zwischen den Verbindungselementen kleiner ist als der Durchmesser bzw. die Breite des Kontaktstiftes.Advantageously, in this case also the contact pin and / or the two connecting elements on a spring property, wherein the distance between the connecting elements is smaller than the diameter or the width of the contact pin.
Vorteilhafterweise ist hierbei ebenfalls ein Isoliermaterial derart zur Einbettung des Kontaktstiftes vorgesehen, dass bei Kontaktierung des Kontaktstiftes mit den Verbindungselementen kein leitfähiges Teil mehr berührbar ist.Advantageously, in this case also an insulating material is provided for embedding the contact pin, that when contacting the contact pin with the connecting elements no conductive part is more touchable.
Weiterhin ist vorteilhafterweise die Länge des Kontaktstiftes derart dimensioniert, das beim Lösen des Schaltelements vom Betätiger die leitende Verbindung zwischen den Verbindungselementen unterbrechbar ist, bevor über den Betätiger keine Wirkung mehr auf den Stößel ausübbar ist. Somit ist sichergestellt, dass die leitende verbindung bereits unterbrochen ist, bevor der Betätiger seine Funktion nicht mehr erfüllen kann.Furthermore, advantageously, the length of the contact pin is dimensioned such that upon release of the switching element from the actuator, the conductive connection between the connecting elements can be interrupted before over the actuator no effect is exerted on the plunger. This ensures that that the conductive connection is already interrupted before the actuator can no longer fulfill its function.
Vorteilhafterweise ist die Ausnehmung im Gehäuse des Schaltelements, durch die der Kontaktstift hindurch steckbar ist, trichterförmig ausgeführt. Hierdurch wird das Zusammenfügen von Schaltelement und Betätiger erleichtert.Advantageously, the recess in the housing of the switching element, through which the contact pin is pluggable, designed funnel-shaped. As a result, the joining of switching element and actuator is facilitated.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist als Kontaktierungselement anstelle des Kontaktstiftes ein elektrischer Leiter vorgesehen. Dieser Leiter kann zum Beispiel ein Draht oder eine Litze sein.In a further advantageous embodiment, an electrical conductor is provided as the contacting element instead of the contact pin. This conductor may be, for example, a wire or a stranded wire.
Dabei weist der elektrische Leiter vorteilhafterweise eine elektrische Isolierung auf. Hierdurch ergeben sich wiederum keine Einschränkungen bezüglich des Betriebsstroms und der Betriebsspannung gegenüber normalen Schaltelementen.In this case, the electrical conductor advantageously has an electrical insulation. In turn, this results in no restrictions with respect to the operating current and the operating voltage compared to normal switching elements.
Vorteilhafterweise ist der elektrische Leiter mit einem Ende an einem Verbindungselement fest verbunden und mit dem anderen Ende am anderen Verbindungselement über eine Steckverbindung verbindbar. Hierdurch kann die Unterbrechung des Stromkreises durch Lösen der Verbindung zwischen elektrischen Leiter und Verbindungselement zerstörungsfrei realisiert werden.Advantageously, the electrical conductor is fixedly connected at one end to a connecting element and connectable to the other end at the other connecting element via a plug connection. As a result, the interruption of the circuit can be achieved by releasing the connection between the electrical conductor and connecting element non-destructive.
In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Installationseinheit, die mit separatem Betätiger und'Schaltelement ausgeführt ist, sind als Mittel zur Unterbrechung der leitenden Verbindung zwei Verbindungselemente im Schaltelement sowie ein durch zwei Ausnehmungen in einem Gehäuse des Schaltelements führbarer elektrischer Leiter vorgesehen, wobei der elektrische Leiter an einem Ende mit einem Verbindungselement fest verbunden und nach einer korrekten räumlichen Zuordnung zwischen Schaltelement und Betätiger durch eine an einem Gehäuse des Betätigers dafür vorgesehene Ausnehmung führbar und am zweiten Ende mit dem zweiten Verbindungselement verbindbar ist.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the installation unit, which is designed with a separate actuator und'Schaltelement, are provided as a means for interrupting the conductive connection two connecting elements in the switching element and a feasible through two recesses in a housing of the switching element electrical conductor, wherein the electrical conductor to one end firmly connected to a connecting element and after a correct spatial association between switching element and actuator by a provided on a housing of the actuator recess and feasible at the second end to the second connecting element is connectable.
Vorteilhafterweise weist auch hierbei der elektrische Leiter eine elektrische Isolierung auf.Advantageously, also in this case the electrical conductor to an electrical insulation.
Vorteilhafterweise ist die Länge des elektrischen Leiters derart dimensioniert, dass beim Lösen des Schaltelements vom Betätiger die leitende Verbindung zwischen den beiden Verbindungselementen unterbrechbar ist, bevor über den Betätiger keine Wirkung mehr auf den Stößel ausübbar ist. Hierdurch ist sichergestellt, dass eine räumliche Trennung von Betätiger und Schaltelement auch eine elektrische Unterbrechung der leitenden Verbindung nach sich zieht.Advantageously, the length of the electrical conductor is dimensioned such that upon release of the switching element from the actuator, the conductive connection between the two connecting elements can be interrupted before over the actuator no effect is exerted on the plunger. This ensures that a spatial separation of actuator and switching element also entails an electrical interruption of the conductive connection.
Wiederum kann vorteilhafterweise zur Verbindung des zweiten Endes des elektrischen Leiters am zweiten Verbindungselement eine Steckverbindung vorgesehen sein.Again, it can be advantageously provided for connecting the second end of the electrical conductor to the second connecting element, a plug connection.
In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Installationseinheit ist der Befestigungsmechanismus zwischen Schaltelement und Betätiger bei blockiertem Stößel und Überschreiten einer bestimmten Betätigungskraft zur Abtrennung des Schaltelements vom Betätiger vorgesehen. Kontakte können in Folge eines Kurzschlusses verschweißen. Ist diese Verschweißung so massiv, dass zum Beispiel bei Betätigung eines NOT-AUS-Befehlsgeräts die Kontakte nicht aufgebrochen werden, ist die sicherheitsrelevante Funktion des Geräts, das heißt das Öffnen der Kontakte, nicht mehr gegeben. Beim erfindungsgemäßen Schaltelement kann der Befestigungsmechanismus (zum Beispiel Schnapphaken) zwischen Schaltelement und Betätiger so gestaltet werden, dass beim Überschreiten einer bestimmten Schweißkraft sich das Schaltelement durch Übertragung der Betätigungskraft über den blockierten Schieber vom Betätiger löst (zum Beispiel durch eine Sollbruchstelle) und dadurch trotz verschweißter Kontakte der Stromkreis durch Trennung des Kontaktstiftes vom Schaltelement zwangsläufig unterbrochen wird.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the installation unit of the fastening mechanism between the switching element and the actuator is provided with blocked ram and exceeding a certain operating force for the separation of the switching element from the actuator. Contacts may weld as a result of a short circuit. If this welding is so massive that, for example, when an EMERGENCY STOP command device is actuated, the contacts are not broken, the safety-relevant function of the device, ie the opening of the contacts, no longer exists. When switching element according to the invention, the attachment mechanism (snap hooks, for example) between switching element and actuator can be designed so that when a certain welding force is exceeded, the switching element by transferring the operating force on the blocked slide from the actuator triggers (for example, by a predetermined breaking point) and thereby despite welded Contacts of the circuit is necessarily interrupted by separation of the contact pin from the switching element.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform ist eine Steuerung zur Messung der Potentialdifferenz zwischen den Kontaktstiften und mindestens einem der beiden Kontaktelemente der Installationseinheit vorgesehen. Bei einem ordnungsgemäß montierten Schaltelement und einem durch die Kontaktvorrichtung geschlossenen Stromkreis liegen der Kontaktstift und beide Kontaktelemente der Installationseinheit spannungsmäßig auf dem gleichen Potential. Bei geöffneter Kontaktvorrichtung hat das auf der gleichen Seite wie der Kontaktstift liegende Kontaktelement und der Kontaktstift das gleiche Potential, aber ein anderes Potential als das auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite der Kontaktvorrichtung liegende Kontaktelement. Damit kann zum Beispiel bei einer NOT-AUS-Kette (eine Reihenschaltung von mehreren NOT-AUS-Befehlsgeräten in einer Anlage) steuerungsmäßig festgestellt und ausgewertet werden, welcher von mehreren NOT-AUS-Geräten betätigt worden ist. Unterscheidet sich das Potential des Kontaktstiftes von dem Potential des Kontaktelementes, das auf der gleichen Seite der Kontaktvorrichtung wie der Kontaktstift liegt, kann daraus geschlossen werden, dass die ordnungsgemäße-räumliche Zuordnung von Schaltelement und Betätiger nicht oder nicht mehr vorhanden ist. Das vom Betriebszustand abhängige Spannungspotential des Kontaktstiftes zu den Kontaktelementen des Schaltelements kann somit auch zu Anzeige- und Meldezwecken genutzt werden.In a further advantageous embodiment, a controller for measuring the potential difference between the contact pins and at least one of the two contact elements the installation unit provided. In a properly mounted switching element and a circuit closed by the contact device, the contact pin and both contact elements of the installation unit are at the same potential in terms of voltage. When the contact device is open, the contact element lying on the same side as the contact pin and the contact pin has the same potential but a different potential than the contact element lying on the opposite side of the contact device. Thus, for example, in the case of an EMERGENCY STOP chain (a series connection of several EMERGENCY STOP command devices in a system), control can be determined and evaluated which has been actuated by several EMERGENCY STOP devices. If the potential of the contact pin differs from the potential of the contact element lying on the same side of the contact device as the contact pin, it can be concluded that the proper spatial allocation of the switching element and actuator is not or no longer present. The voltage dependent on the operating state voltage potential of the contact pin to the contact elements of the switching element can thus be used for display and reporting purposes.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Installationseinheit ist eine Steuerung zur Messung der Potentialdifferenz zwischen beiden Seiten der Kontaktvorrichtung vorgesehen. Somit ist auf einfache Weise feststellbar, ob die Kontaktvorrichtung geöffnet oder geschlossen ist.In an advantageous embodiment of the installation unit, a controller for measuring the potential difference between both sides of the contact device is provided. Thus, it can be easily determined whether the contact device is open or closed.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Installationseinheit ist eine Steuerung zur Messung der Potentialdifferenz zwischen beiden Seiten der Mittel zur Unterbrechung der leitenden Verbindung vorgesehen. Hierbei kann auf einfache Weise festgestellt werden, ob eine korrekte räumliche Zuordnung vom Betätiger zum Schaltelement vorhanden ist.In a further advantageous embodiment of the installation unit, a controller for measuring the potential difference between both sides of the means for interrupting the conductive connection is provided. This can be determined in a simple manner, whether a correct spatial assignment of the actuator to the switching element is present.
Vorteilhafterweise ist die Installationseinheit zur Verwendung als NOT-AUS-Befehlsgerät vorgesehen. Löst sich das Schaltelement vom betätigten NOT-AUS-Betätiger, zum Beispiel durch Öffnen eines Gehäuses, in dem die Schaltelemente im Boden und der Betätiger im Deckel angeordnet sind, so wird bei den bekannten Lösungen der NOT-AUS-Stromkreis durch Schließen des Öffnerkontakts kurzzeitig geschlossen, bevor der Stromkreis durch Öffnen des Schließerstromkreises erneut unterbrochen wird. Dieses kurzzeitige Schließen des NOT-AUS-Stromkreises kann unter Umständen zu gefährlichen Betriebszuständen führen. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung ist dies nicht der Fall.Advantageously, the installation unit is provided for use as an emergency stop command device. Detaches the switching element from the actuated emergency stop actuator, for example by opening a housing in which the switching elements in the bottom and the actuator are arranged in the lid, the EMERGENCY-OFF circuit is briefly closed by closing the normally closed contact in the known solutions, before the circuit is interrupted by opening the normally open circuit again. This short-circuiting of the EMERGENCY STOP circuit can possibly lead to dangerous operating conditions. In the solution according to the invention this is not the case.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele näher beschrieben und erläutert. Es zeigen:
- FIG 1
- eine als NOT-AUS-Betätiger ausgeführte erfindungsgemäße Insta.llationseinheit im nicht betätigten Zustand, wobei als Mittel zur Unterbrechung der leitenden Verbindung ein Kontaktstift vorgesehen ist,
- FIG 2
- der NOT-AUS-Betätiger aus
FIG 1 im betätigten Zustand, - FIG 3
- der NOT-AUS-Betätiger aus
FIG 1 , wobei der Betätiger vom Schaltelement getrennt ist, - FIG 4
- das Schaltelement des NOT-AUS-Betätigers aus
FIG 1 mit einer Steuerung zur Messung der Potentialdifferenz zwischen Kontaktstift und den Kontaktelementen der Installationseinheit, - FIG 5
- der NOT-AUS-Betätiger aus
FIG 1 , wobei für die Mittel zur Unterbrechung der leitenden Verbindung anstelle des Kontaktstiftes, wie in denFiguren 1 bis 4 zu sehen, ein Draht- bzw. eine Litze vorgesehen ist.
-
FIG 1 zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße elektrische Installationseinheit in Form eines NOT-AUS-Befehlsgerätes. Das Befehlsgerät ist modular aufgebaut und besteht aus einem Schaltelement 4 und einem Betätiger 6, wobei zum Betätiger 6 das eigentliche Bedienelement 1 gehört, mittels dem ein Benutzer das NOT-AUS-Befehlsgerät bedient. Das NOT-AUS-Befehlsgerät ist aneiner Schalttafel 2 montiert. Hierzu wurde der Betätiger 6 durch ein Loch inder Schalttafel 2 hindurchgeführt und mittels eines Befestigungselements 3 befestigt. Anschließend wurde das Schaltelement 4 mittels der Schaltelementbefestigung 5 durchAufschnappen am Betätiger 6 montiert. Die Kontaktelemente der Installationseinheit sind 14, 15 ausgeführt. Als Mittel zur Unterbrechung der leitenden Verbindung zwischenals Anschlussklemmen den Anschlussklemmen 14 und 15 dient ein Kontaktstift 7 sowie als Verbindungselemente ein Festschaltstück 8und ein Anschlussstück 9. Durch die gebogene Form des Festschaltstücks 8 sowie des Anschlussstücks 9 erhalten diese beiden Verbindungselemente eine federnde Eigenschaft, durch die eine sichere elektrische Verbindung zu dem Kontaktstift 7 herstellbar ist. Der Kontaktstift 7, der untrennbarmit dem Betätiger 6 verbunden ist, wird bei der Montage des Schaltelements 4 anden Betätiger 6 durch eine am Schaltelement 4 dafür vorgesehene Ausnehmung, die vorteilhafterweise trichterförmig ausgeführt ist, hindurchgeführt. Durch das Vorhandensein desmit dem Betätiger 6 untrennbar verbundenen Kontaktstiftes 7 wird automatisch sichergestellt, dass bei Betätigern 6, bei denen die Verwendung von Schaltelementen 4 mit Abwesenheitssicherung vorgesehen ist, keine normalen Schaltelemente ohne Abwesenheitssicherung montierbar sind. BeimLösen des Betätigers 6 vom Schaltelement 4 verliert der Kontaktstift 7 den elektrischen Kontakt zuden Verbindungselementen 8, 9 und ist daher spannungsfrei, sobald er vom Schaltelement 4 getrennt ist. Dadurch gibt es auch keine Probleme mit Berührungsschutz. Das Schaltelement 4 weist ferner eine Kontaktvorrichtung 10 auf, die durch einen Schaltelementschieber 16 bedient wird. BeiBetätigung des Schaltelementschiebers 16 wird eine Rückdruckfeder 19 in einen gespannten Zustand überführt, aus dem sie bei Wegfall der Betätigungskraft aufdem Schaltelementschieber 16 diesen wieder in seine Ausgangslage zurückbewegt. Diese Bauweise ist..nicht nur für NOT-AUS-Befehlsgeräte geeignet, sondern ganz allgemein für Drucktaster jedweder Art. -
FIG 2 zeigt das NOT-AUS-Befehlsgerät ausFIG 1 im betätigten Zustand. Zu erkennen ist, wie durch Betätigung des Bedienelements 1 die Betätigungskraft über einen Stößel 17,auf den Schaltelementschieber 16 wirkt, um dieKontaktvorrichtung 10 zu öffnen. Hierdurch wird, wie oben angesprochen, dieRückdruckfeder 19 in ihren gespannten Zustand überführt. Für eine Erläuterung der weiteren Bezugszeichen siehe unterFigur 1 . -
FIG 3 zeigt wiederum das NOT-AUS-Befehlsgerät derFIG 1 , wobei das Schaltelement 4vom Betätiger 6 gelöst ist. In diesem demontierten Zustand ist dieKontaktvorrichtung 10 durch die rücktreibende Kraft der Rückdruckfeder 19 geschlossen. Gut zu erkennen ist die trichterförmigeAusnehmung im Schaltelementgehäuse 12, durch die bei Montage des Schaltelements 4mit dem Betätiger 6 der Schaltstift 7 hindurchgeführt wird. Am Kontaktstift 7 ist Isoliermaterial 11 angebracht, das dafür sorgt, dass kein leitfähiges Teil mehr berührbar ist, sobald der Kontaktstift 7 eine leitende Verbindung zuden Verbindungselementen 8, 9 hergestellt hat. Für eine Erläuterung der weiteren Bezugszeichen siehe unterFIG 1 . -
FIG 4 zeigt nur das Schaltelement 4, das über dieSchaltelementbefestigung 5am Betätiger 6 befestigt ist. Schematisch dargestellt ist eine weitere Anschlussklemme für den Kontaktstift 13, über die mittels einer Steuerung 18 das Potential des Kontaktstifts 7 gemessen wird. Bei einem ordnungsgemäß montierten Schaltelement 4 und einem durch dieKontaktvorrichtung 10 geschlossenen Stromkreis liegen die beiden Anschlussklemmen 14, 15 und der Kontaktstift 7 bzw. die Anschlussklemme für den Kontaktstift 13 spannungsmäßig auf dem gleichen Potential. Bei betätigtem NOT-AUS haben Anschlussklemme 15 und Kontaktstift 7 das gleiche Potential, aber ein anderes Potantial als dieAnschlussklemme 14. Damit kann zum Beispiel bei einer NOT-AUS-Kette, also einer Reihenschaltung von mehreren NOT-AUS-Befehlsgeräten in einer Anlage, steuerungsmäßig festgestellt und ausgewertet werden, welcher von mehreren NOT-AUS-Geräten betätigt worden ist. Unterscheidet sich das Potential des Kontaktstiftes 7 von demPotential der Anschlussklemme 15, kann daraus geschlossen werden, dass die ordnungsgemäße räumliche Zuordnung von Schaltelement 4 und Betätiger 6 nicht oder nicht mehr vorhanden ist. Das vom Betriebszustand abhängige Spannungspotential des Kontaktstiftes 7 zu den 14, 15 kann somit auch zu Anzeige- und Meldezwecken genutzt werden. Für eine Erläuterung der weiteren Bezugszeichen sieheAnschlussklemmen der Installationseinheit Figur 1 . -
FIG 5 zeigt eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen elektrischen Installationseinheit, bei der als Mittel zur Unterbrechung der leitenden Verbindung anstelle des Kontaktstiftes 7, wie in denFiguren 1 bis 4 gezeigt, ein Draht bzw.eine Litze 21 verwendet wird. Dabei ist der Draht bzw. dieLitze 21 mit einem Ende fest aneinem Festschaltstück 20 befestigt, das eines der beiden Verbindungselemente darstellt, wobei an dem anderen Ende des Drahtes bzw.der Litze 21eine Steckverbindung 24 montiert ist, die mit dem zweiten Verbindungselement,dem Anschlussstück 23, verbunden ist. Der Draht bzw. dieLitze 21 ist durch eineAusnehmung am Betätiger 22 geführt, wodurch sichergestellt ist, dass beim Lösen des Schaltelements 4vom Betätiger 6 die leitende Verbindung zwischen den Anschlussklemmen der Installationseinheit 14 und 15 durch Herausziehen der Steckverbindung 24aus dem Anschlussstück 23 zwangsläufig unterbrochen wird. Die Länge des Drahtes 21, der vorzugsweise elektrisch isoliert ausgeführt ist, ist dabei so bemessen, dass bei Demontage des NOT-AUS-Befehlsgerätes die elektrische Verbindung durch Herausziehen der Steckverbindung 24aus dem Anschlussstück 23 unterbrochen ist, bevor dieKontaktvorrichtung 10 nicht mehr durch Bedienen des Bedienelementes 1 geöffnet werden kann. Alternativ kann das zweite Ende desDrahtes 21, statt mittels der Steckverbindung 24, auch fixmit dem Anschlussstück 23 verbunden Sein. In diesem Falle erfolgt die Zwangsöffnung der leitenden Verbindung bei Demontage des NOT-AUS-Befehlsgerätes durch Reißen desDrahtes 21. Für eine Erläuterung der weiteren Bezugszeichen siehe unterFigur 1 .
- FIG. 1
- an insta.llationseinheit according to the invention executed as an emergency stop actuator in the non-actuated state, wherein as a means for interrupting the conductive connection, a contact pin is provided,
- FIG. 2
- the EMERGENCY STOP actuator off
FIG. 1 in the actuated state, - FIG. 3
- the EMERGENCY STOP actuator off
FIG. 1 wherein the actuator is separate from the switching element, - FIG. 4
- the switching element of the emergency stop actuator off
FIG. 1 with a controller for measuring the potential difference between the contact pin and the contact elements of the installation unit, - FIG. 5
- the EMERGENCY STOP actuator off
FIG. 1 , wherein for the means for interrupting the conductive connection instead of the contact pin, as inFIGS. 1 to 4 to see a wire or a strand is provided.
-
FIG. 1 shows an inventive electrical installation unit in the form of an emergency stop command device. The command device is modular and consists of a switching element 4 and anactuator 6, wherein theactuator 6, the actual control element 1 belongs, by means of which a user operates the EMERGENCY STOP command device. The EMERGENCY STOP command device is mounted on acontrol panel 2. For this purpose, theactuator 6 was passed through a hole in thecontrol panel 2 and fastened by means of a fastening element 3. Subsequently, the switching element 4 was mounted by means of the switchingelement attachment 5 by snapping on theactuator 6. The contact elements of the installation unit are designed as 14, 15. As a means for interrupting the conductive connection between theconnection terminals 14 and 15 is a contact pin 7 and as connecting elements a Festschaltstück 8 and aterminals connector 9. Due to the curved shape of the Festschaltstücks 8 and theconnector 9, these two connecting elements receive a resilient property by a safe electrical connection to the contact pin 7 can be produced. The contact pin 7, which is inseparably connected to theactuator 6, is guided during the assembly of the switching element 4 to theactuator 6 by means of a switching element 4 provided for this purpose recess, which is advantageously funnel-shaped. Due to the presence of the inextricably connected to theactuator 6 pin 7 is automatically ensured that withactuators 6, in which the use of switching elements 4 is provided with absence assurance, no normal switching elements without absence assurance can be mounted. When releasing theactuator 6 from the switching element 4, the contact pin 7 loses electrical contact with the connectingelements 8, 9 and is therefore de-energized as soon as it is separated from the switching element 4. As a result, there are no problems with contact protection. The switching element 4 further comprises acontact device 10, which is operated by a switchingelement slider 16. Upon actuation of the switchingelement slide 16, areturn spring 19 is transferred to a tensioned state, from which it moves back to its starting position when the actuating force on theswitching element slide 16 ceases. This design is not only suitable for EMERGENCY STOP command devices, but in general for push buttons of any kind. -
FIG. 2 shows the EMERGENCY STOP command deviceFIG. 1 in the actuated state. It can be seen how, by actuation of the operating element 1, the actuating force acts on the switchingelement slider 16 via a plunger 17 in order to open thecontact device 10. As a result, as mentioned above, thereturn spring 19 is transferred into its tensioned state. For an explanation of the other reference numbers, seeFIG. 1 , -
FIG. 3 again shows the EMERGENCY STOP command device ofFIG. 1 , wherein the switching element 4 is released from theactuator 6. In this disassembled state, thecontact device 10 is closed by the restoring force of thereturn spring 19. Good to see the funnel-shaped recess in the switchingelement housing 12, is passed through the mounting pin 7 during assembly of the switching element 4 with theactuator 6. At the contact pin 7 insulating material 11 is attached, which ensures that no conductive part is more touchable, as soon as the contact pin 7 has made a conductive connection to the connectingelements 8, 9. For an explanation of the other reference numbers, seeFIG. 1 , -
FIG. 4 shows only the switching element 4, which is attached via theswitching element attachment 5 on theactuator 6. Schematically illustrated is another terminal for the contact pin 13, via which the potential of the contact pin 7 is measured by means of acontroller 18. In a properly mounted switching element 4 and a circuit closed by thecontact device 10 are the two 14, 15 and the contact pin 7 and the terminal for the contact pin 13 in terms of voltage at the same potential. When the EMERGENCY STOP is actuated, the terminal 15 and the contact pin 7 have the same potential but a different potential than the terminal 14. Thus, for example, in the case of an EMERGENCY STOP chain, ie a series connection of several EMERGENCY STOP command devices in one system, be determined by control and evaluated, which has been operated by several emergency stop devices. Differs the potential of the contact pin 7 of the potential ofterminals Terminal 15, it can be concluded that the proper spatial allocation of switching element 4 andactuator 6 is not or no longer available. The voltage dependent on the operating state voltage potential of the contact pin 7 to the terminals of the 14, 15 can thus also be used for display and reporting purposes. For an explanation of the other reference numerals, seeinstallation unit FIG. 1 , -
FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the electrical installation unit according to the invention, in which as a means for interrupting the conductive connection instead of the contact pin 7, as inFIGS. 1 to 4 shown, a wire or astrand 21 is used. In this case, the wire or thestrand 21 is fixedly secured at one end to a fixedcontact piece 20, which represents one of the two connecting elements, wherein at the other end of the wire or thestrand 21, aplug connection 24 is mounted, which is connected to the second connecting element, the connectingpiece 23, is connected. The wire orstrand 21 is guided through a recess on theactuator 22, which ensures that upon release of the switching element 4 from theactuator 6, the conductive connection between the terminals of the 14 and 15 by pulling theinstallation unit connector 24 from theconnector 23 inevitably is interrupted. The length of thewire 21, which is preferably carried out electrically insulated, is so dimensioned that when disassembling the emergency stop command device, the electrical connection is interrupted by pulling theconnector 24 from theconnector 23 before thecontact device 10 is no longer by operating of the control element 1 can be opened. Alternatively, the second end of thewire 21, instead of means of theconnector 24, also be connected to theconnector 23 fixed. In this case, the positive opening of the conductive connection takes place upon disassembly of the emergency stop command device by tearing thewire 21. For an explanation of the other reference numerals, seeFIG. 1 ,
Zusammenfassend betrifft die Erfindung eine elektrische Installationseinheit zur Kontaktierung von elektrischen Verbrauchen, wobei die Installationseinheit mindestens zwei Kontaktelemente aufweist. Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Installationseinheit anzugeben, bei der bei Demontage der Installationseinheit eine zwischen den beiden Kontaktelementen vorhandene elektrische Verbindung zwangsläufig unterbrochen wird. Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, dass die Installationseinheit Mittel aufweist, die zur Unterbrechung der zu den Kontaktelementen führenden leitenden Verbindung bei Demontage der Installationseinheit vorgesehen sind. Diese Mittel bestehen aus zwei Verbindungselementen in einem Schaltelement der Installationseinheit und beispielsweise einem Kontaktstift aus einem leitenden Material, der in einem ordnungsgemäß montierten Zustand der Installationseinheit eine leitende Verbindung zwischen den Verbindungselementen herstellt. Alternativ kann beispielsweise die elektrische Verbindung zwischen den Verbindungselementen durch einen Draht oder eine Litze hergestellt werden, durch den bzw. die die elektrische Verbindung bei Demontage der Installationseinheit beispielsweise durch Reißen des Drahtes bzw. der Litze unterbrochen wird. Eine besonders vorteilhafte Anwendung findet die erfindungsgemäße Installationseinheit beispielsweise in der Verwendung als NOT-AUS-Befehlsgerät.In summary, the invention relates to an electrical installation unit for contacting electrical consuming, wherein the installation unit has at least two contact elements. The invention has for its object to provide an installation unit in which upon disassembly of the installation unit existing between the two contact elements electrical connection is inevitably interrupted. This object is achieved in that the installation unit has means which are provided for interrupting the leading to the contact elements conductive connection during disassembly of the installation unit. These means consist of two connecting elements in a switching element of the installation unit and, for example, a contact pin made of a conductive material, which produces a conductive connection between the connecting elements in a properly mounted state of the installation unit. Alternatively, for example, the electrical connection between the connecting elements can be produced by a wire or a strand through which the electrical connection is interrupted when the installation unit is disassembled, for example by tearing the wire or strand. A particularly advantageous application is the installation unit according to the invention, for example, in the use as an emergency stop command device.
Claims (29)
- Electrical installation unit for making contact with electrical consumers, the installation unit having at least two contact elements (14, 15) and a contact facility (10) for breaking a conducting connection to the contact elements (14, 15),
characterised in that
in addition to the contact facility (10) the installation unit has means (7, 21, 8, 9, 20, 23), which are provided for the necessary breaking, as a function of a spring force, of the conducting connection, when the installation unit is dismantled. - Installation unit according to claim 1,
the contact facility (10) having a relaxed and a tensioned position subject to the action of a spring mechanism. - Installation unit according to claim 2,
a return spring (19) being provided as the spring mechanism to tension the contact facility (10). - Installation unit according to claim 2 or 3,
the contact facility (10) being provided in the relaxed position to close and in the tensioned position to break the conducting connection. - Installation unit according to one of claims 2 to 4,
a plunger (17), having a rest position and an actuation position, being provided to act on the contact facility (10), it being possible to move the contact facility (10) to the relaxed position by moving the plunger (17) to its rest position and to the tensioned position by moving the plunger (17) to its actuation position. - Installation unit according to claim 5,
the installation unit having an actuator (6) to act on the plunger (17) with a region provided to guide the plunger (17) and a switching element (4) which can be assigned in a spatially fixed manner to the actuator (6) and is provided to receive the contact facility (10). - Installation unit according to claim 6,
a securing element (3) being provided on one surface (2) to assemble the installation unit. This can be used to fix the actuator (6), which can be inserted through a recess in the surface (2) from the side opposite the securing element (3). - Installation unit according to claim 7,
it being possible to connect the switching element (4) indirectly by way of the securing element (3) or directly to the actuator (3) by screwing or snap-fitting. - Installation unit according to one of the preceding claims,
the means having a contacting element (7, 21), which is assigned to a detachable part of the installation unit, and two connecting elements (8, 9, 20, 23) for making contact with the contacting element (7, 21). - Installation unit according to claim 9,
a conductive contact pin (7) being provided as the contacting element (7, 21). - Installation unit according to claim 10,
the contact pin (7) and/or the two connecting elements (8, 9) having a spring characteristic and the gap between the connecting elements (8, 9) being smaller than the diameter or width of the contact pin (7). - Installation unit according to claim 10 or 11,
an insulating material (11) being provided to embed the contact pin (7) in such a manner that when the contact pin (7) makes contact with the connecting elements (8, 9), no further conductive part can be touched. - Installation unit according to one of claims 6 to 8,
two connecting elements (8, 9) in the switching element (4) and a conductive contact pin (7) secured to the actuator (6) being provided as the means for breaking the conducting connection, it being possible to establish a conducting connection between the connecting elements (8, 9) by way of the contact pin (7), which can be inserted through a recess in a housing of the switching element (4), by means of these when there is a correct spatial assignment between the actuator (6) and the switching element (4). - Installation unit according to claim 13,
the contact pin (7) and/or the two connecting elements (8, 9) having a spring characteristic and the gap between the connecting elements (8, 9) being smaller than the diameter or width of the contact pin (7). - Installation unit according to claim 13 or 14,
an insulating material (11) being provided to embed the contact pin (7) in such a manner that when the contact pin (7) makes contact with the connecting elements (8, 9), no further conductive part can be touched. - Installation unit according to one of claims 13 to 15, the length of the contact pin (7) being dimensioned so that when the switching element (4) is detached from the actuator (6), the conducting connection between the connecting elements (8, 9) can be broken, before it is no longer possible to exert an action on the plunger (17) by way of the actuator (6).
- Installation unit according to one of claims 13 to 16, the recess in the housing of the switching element (4), through which the contact pin (7) can be inserted, being funnel-shaped.
- Installation unit according to claim 9,
an electrical conductor (21) being provided as the contacting element (7, 21). - Installation unit according to claim 18,
the electrical conductor (21) having electrical insulation. - Installation unit according to claim 18 or 19,
one end of the electrical conductor (21) being connected securely to a one connecting element (20) and it being possible to connect the other end to the other connecting element (23) by way of a plug-in connection (24). - Installation unit according to one of claims 6 to 8,
two connecting elements (20, 23) in the switching element (4) and an electrical conductor (21) that can be guided through two recesses in a housing of the switching element (4) being provided as the means for breaking the conducting connection, the electrical conductor (21) being connected securely at one end to a connecting element (20) and further to a correct spatial assignment between the switching element (4) and actuator (6) being able to be guided through a recess provided for this purpose on a housing of the actuator (6) and being able to be connected at its second end to the second connecting element (23). - Installation unit according to claim 21,
the electrical conductor (21) having electrical insulation. - Installation unit according to claim 21 or 22,
the length of the electrical conductor (21) being dimensioned so that when the switching element (4) is detached from the actuator (6), the conducting connection between the two connecting elements (20, 23) can be broken, before it is no longer possible to exert an action on the plunger (17) by way of the actuator (6). - Installation unit according to one of claims 21 to 23,
a plug-in connection (24) being provided to connect the second end of the electrical conductor (21) to the second connecting element (23). - Installation unit according to one of claims 6 to 24,
the securing mechanism (5) between the switching element (4) and the actuator (6) being provided to separate the switching element (4) from the actuator (6) when the plunger (17) is locked and a certain actuation force is exceeded. - Installation unit according to one of claims 10 to 17,
a controller (18) being provided to measure the potential difference between the contact pin (7) and at least one of the two contact elements (14, 15) of the installation unit. - Installation unit according to one of the preceding claims,
a controller (18) being provided to measure the potential difference between the two sides of the contact facility (10). - Installation unit according to one of the preceding claims,
a controller (18) being provided to measure the potential difference between the two sides of the means for breaking the conducting connection. - Installation unit according to one of the preceding claims,
the installation unit being provided for use as an EMERGENCY STOP command device.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP06807771A EP1964139B1 (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2006-11-08 | Command device with switching element monitoring |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05027927A EP1801830A1 (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2005-12-20 | Switch with switching element monitoring |
EP06807771A EP1964139B1 (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2006-11-08 | Command device with switching element monitoring |
PCT/EP2006/068209 WO2007071495A1 (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2006-11-08 | Command device with switching element monitoring |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1964139A1 EP1964139A1 (en) | 2008-09-03 |
EP1964139B1 true EP1964139B1 (en) | 2009-05-27 |
Family
ID=36216980
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05027927A Withdrawn EP1801830A1 (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2005-12-20 | Switch with switching element monitoring |
EP06807771A Not-in-force EP1964139B1 (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2006-11-08 | Command device with switching element monitoring |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05027927A Withdrawn EP1801830A1 (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2005-12-20 | Switch with switching element monitoring |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7943872B2 (en) |
EP (2) | EP1801830A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101346790B (en) |
AT (1) | ATE432528T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE502006003849D1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2007071495A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITVI20080160A1 (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2010-01-01 | Pizzato Elettrica Srl | SAFETY SWITCH. |
FR2936902B1 (en) * | 2008-10-07 | 2010-09-17 | Schneider Electric Ind Sas | EMERGENCY STOP DEVICE |
JP5095691B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2012-12-12 | 富士電機機器制御株式会社 | Push-button switch |
FR2950472B1 (en) * | 2009-09-21 | 2011-08-26 | Schneider Electric Ind Sas | EMERGENCY STOP DEVICE |
US8420961B2 (en) * | 2010-06-22 | 2013-04-16 | Schneider Electric USA, Inc. | Contact block with interlock |
EP3084793B1 (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2017-11-22 | Eaton Electrical IP GmbH & Co. KG | Contact element |
KR102517376B1 (en) | 2016-04-19 | 2023-04-03 | 엘에스일렉트릭(주) | Circuit breaker having closing resistor |
CN110676082B (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2021-06-25 | 广东海洋大学 | Electric automation equipment trouble emergency power-off device |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3436497A (en) * | 1967-08-31 | 1969-04-01 | Cutler Hammer Inc | Electrical switch having a lost motion operator assembly |
US4306123A (en) * | 1979-02-21 | 1981-12-15 | Taylor Glenn R | Contact block |
US4927787A (en) * | 1989-02-09 | 1990-05-22 | Molex Incorporated | Unitarily molded electrical connector housing with separable key |
DE4101493C2 (en) | 1991-01-19 | 2001-07-19 | Schlegel Georg Gmbh & Co | Electrical switch with a contact device and a plunger |
DE4111150A1 (en) * | 1991-04-06 | 1992-10-08 | Kronenberg Gmbh H & J | Two-piece spring-loaded interlocking electrical safety switch - comprises two separate housings with interlocking covers that engage together and rotate before making contact |
US5562490A (en) * | 1993-12-27 | 1996-10-08 | General Motors Corporation | High ampacity electrical quick disconnect |
US6198058B1 (en) | 1999-09-27 | 2001-03-06 | Rockwell Technologies, Llc | Switch contact mechanism |
JP4169995B2 (en) | 2002-03-13 | 2008-10-22 | Idec株式会社 | Operation switch |
JP3899281B2 (en) | 2002-04-11 | 2007-03-28 | Idec株式会社 | Push button switch |
JP3908134B2 (en) * | 2002-09-09 | 2007-04-25 | Idec株式会社 | Switch device |
US6987235B2 (en) * | 2003-06-06 | 2006-01-17 | Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. | Redundant switch having torsional compliance and arc-absorbant thermal mass |
-
2005
- 2005-12-20 EP EP05027927A patent/EP1801830A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-11-08 EP EP06807771A patent/EP1964139B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-11-08 WO PCT/EP2006/068209 patent/WO2007071495A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-11-08 AT AT06807771T patent/ATE432528T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-11-08 DE DE502006003849T patent/DE502006003849D1/en active Active
- 2006-11-08 US US12/086,588 patent/US7943872B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-11-08 CN CN2006800485152A patent/CN101346790B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1801830A1 (en) | 2007-06-27 |
EP1964139A1 (en) | 2008-09-03 |
WO2007071495A1 (en) | 2007-06-28 |
CN101346790B (en) | 2011-10-05 |
CN101346790A (en) | 2009-01-14 |
DE502006003849D1 (en) | 2009-07-09 |
ATE432528T1 (en) | 2009-06-15 |
US7943872B2 (en) | 2011-05-17 |
US20090084663A1 (en) | 2009-04-02 |
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