EP0592007A1 - Switching device - Google Patents

Switching device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0592007A1
EP0592007A1 EP19930116449 EP93116449A EP0592007A1 EP 0592007 A1 EP0592007 A1 EP 0592007A1 EP 19930116449 EP19930116449 EP 19930116449 EP 93116449 A EP93116449 A EP 93116449A EP 0592007 A1 EP0592007 A1 EP 0592007A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
separating element
lever
contacts
switching device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19930116449
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0592007B1 (en
Inventor
Miran Dolinsek
Mitja Koprivsek
Matija Strehar
Brane Bebar
Jaro Kremser
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ETI Elektroelement dd
Original Assignee
ETI Elektroelement dd
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Publication date
Application filed by ETI Elektroelement dd filed Critical ETI Elektroelement dd
Publication of EP0592007A1 publication Critical patent/EP0592007A1/en
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Publication of EP0592007B1 publication Critical patent/EP0592007B1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/32—Insulating body insertable between contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/58—Electric connections to or between contacts; Terminals
    • H01H1/5833—Electric connections to or between contacts; Terminals comprising an articulating, sliding or rolling contact between movable contact and terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/50—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release
    • H01H71/52—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release actuated by lever
    • H01H71/528—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release actuated by lever comprising a toggle or collapsible link between handle and contact arm, e.g. sear pin mechanism
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H89/00—Combinations of two or more different basic types of electric switches, relays, selectors and emergency protective devices, not covered by any single one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H01H89/06—Combination of a manual reset circuit with a contactor, i.e. the same circuit controlled by both a protective and a remote control device
    • H01H89/08—Combination of a manual reset circuit with a contactor, i.e. the same circuit controlled by both a protective and a remote control device with both devices using the same contact pair

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switching device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Switching devices of this type are used to automatically interrupt an electrical circuit when a certain current is exceeded, for example in the event of a short circuit, or when a fault current occurs in the electrical system.
  • Such a switching device is known from EP-A-0 350 828, in which a movable contact in the switched-on position is held in pressure contact with a fixed contact by means of a dead center spring.
  • a circular sector-shaped separating lever is provided at the free end with a cylindrically curved partition, the center of curvature of which coincides with the pivot axis of the separating lever.
  • the separating lever is mechanically coupled to a trigger, for example an electromechanical and / or thermoelectric trigger, and is pivoted in the event of a trigger such that the partition pushes in the space between the two contacts and pushes the movable contact away from the fixed contact.
  • the movable contact is hereby moved beyond the dead center position of the associated spring, so that it is pivoted further away from the fixed contact under spring action.
  • the partition moves further in the circumferential direction and shields the fixed contact from the moving contact.
  • the switch-off arc formed between the two contacts must therefore make a relatively long detour around the free end of the dividing wall, so that its electrical resistance increases rapidly, and the arc finally enters a quenching chamber and is quenched.
  • a disadvantage of this construction is that the partition wall has to overcome a high frictional resistance when entering the space between the two contacts, which is increased considerably by the contact pressure. This delays the switch-off process and can easily lead to malfunctions.
  • Switching devices are described in FR-A-2 563 939 and EP-A-0 244 276, which also work with a partition for extending and extinguishing the arc.
  • these devices not only the separation lever, but also the movable contact actuated by a trigger, and the switching functions are coordinated so that the movable contact is released from the fixed contact before the partition enters the space between the contacts. In this way, an unimpeded entry of the partition into the space is made possible.
  • the switch-off process is also delayed in these devices, since the partition only takes effect after a certain delay time.
  • these devices have a relatively complex structure with a large number of components, so that there is an increased susceptibility to failure and higher manufacturing costs.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a switching device of the type mentioned, which is characterized by a simplified structure and in which it is nevertheless ensured that the partition wall can enter the gap between the contacts unhindered, so that a high level of functional reliability is achieved .
  • a pressure element is arranged on the separating lever, which in the engagement position presses directly or indirectly on the movable contact and thus ensures the necessary contact pressure. If the separating lever is pivoted in the event of a trigger, the pressure member comes into a position. In which the contact pressure is released. The removal of the contact pressure is thus controlled directly by the movement of the separating lever and thus takes place reliably at the moment when the separating wall reaches the space between the two contact members, so that the separating wall does not have to overcome the contact pressure.
  • a pivot bearing for the movable contact is preferably formed by an electrically conductive joint element which is in pressure contact with the movable contact and via which the current is supplied to the movable contact. It is therefore not necessary to attach flexible wires or cables to the movable contact, which would hinder the opening movement and also because of the frequently changing ones mechanical stress could break or come loose.
  • the movable contact and the joint element are pressed together elastically, so that good electrical contact is ensured. However, since this elastic pressure is exerted directly at the location of the pivot bearing, the movable contact can still move freely between the open position and the closed position.
  • the release lever is actuated in the event of a trigger by a shift lever which is biased towards the switch-off position with a relatively high spring force and remains mechanically blocked in the switch-on position until it is triggered.
  • the separating lever is movable independently of the switching lever and is elastically biased relative to the switching lever in the direction of the switch-on position. This results in the possibility of having another trigger controlled by a remote control act directly on the separating lever. In the case of remote shutdown, the isolating lever is then pivoted into the switch-off position against the relatively low spring force, while the switching lever remains in the state ready for release.
  • the switching device 10 shown in FIG. 1 has a housing 12 which can be snapped onto a terminal strip of a distribution box or the like in the usual way.
  • a fixed contact 14 is arranged in the housing 12 and is electrically connected to a first connection terminal (not shown) of the switching device.
  • a leaf spring-like movable contact 16 protrudes through a window 18 of an inner housing wall 20 and is in pressure contact with the fixed contact 14.
  • a pivot bearing for the movable contact 14 is formed by a pin 22 fixed to the housing and an electrically conductive joint element 24 which presses the contact 14 elastically against the pin 22.
  • the conductive joint element 24 is connected in a manner not shown via the coil of an overcurrent release 26 to a further terminal, not shown, of the switching device 10.
  • a separating lever 28 is pivotable about an axis 30 fixed to the housing and carries at the free end a cylindrically curved partition wall 32 which is arranged concentrically to the axis 30 and is located between the inner housing wall 20 and the fixed contact 14.
  • a projection 34 is formed on the separating lever 28, which, in the position of the separating lever 28 shown in FIG. 1, bears against the movable contact 16 and serves as a pressure element for generating the contact pressure between the movable contact 16 and the fixed contact 14.
  • a spring 36 is arranged on the movable contact 16 in the vicinity of the pivot bearing 22, 24, which ensures sufficient contact pressure between the movable contact 16 and the conductive joint element 24.
  • the spring 36 tends to pivot the movable contact 16 counterclockwise so that it somewhat reduces the contact pressure between the contacts 14 and 16. In the position shown in FIG. 1, however, the force exerted by the pressure member 34 prevails, which acts in the sense of an increase in the contact pressure.
  • a shift lever 38 is mounted, which is connected via a tension spring 40 to an extension 42 da separating lever 28.
  • the separating lever 28 is thereby biased clockwise so that the projection 34 presses the movable contact 16 against the fixed contact 14.
  • the contact pressure between the contacts 14, 16 is thus largely determined by the force of the tension spring 40.
  • the shift lever 38 is biased counterclockwise by a relatively strong leg spring 44 which acts on a driver 46, but is fixed in the position shown in FIG. 1 by a toggle lever 48 in the extended position.
  • a first joint member 50 of the knee joint lever 48 is pivotally attached at one end to a manual actuation lever 52 and rests with its opposite end against a stop 54 of the second joint member 56 of the knee joint lever.
  • a spring 58 tends to pivot the manual control lever 52 clockwise. In the state shown in FIG. 1, the force of the spring 58 is overcome, however, by the force of the leg spring 44, which acts on the manual actuation lever via the shift lever 38 and the knee joint lever 48.
  • the overcurrent release 26 triggers a safety shutdown.
  • a plunger 60 of the overcurrent release 26 extends and strikes the knee joint lever 48, so that the knee joint lever is broken through.
  • the knee joint bends and the switching lever 38 is pivoted into the position shown in FIG. 2, taking the separating lever 28 with it through the driver 46.
  • the projection 34 is released from the movable contact 16, so that the contact pressure between the contacts 14.16 is released and the spring 36 lifts the movable contact 16 from the fixed contact 14.
  • the partition 32 moves freely into the space between the contacts 14 and 16 so that it shields them from each other.
  • the partition wall 32 is pushed further between the contacts 14.16, so that the arc formed between the contacts is forced through the partition wall 32 into a spark channel 62 formed between the inner housing wall 20 and an outer housing wall and is finally extinguished.
  • the circuit closed by the contacts 14.16 can also be interrupted independently of the action of the overcurrent release 26.
  • the manual actuation lever 52 is rotated into the position shown in FIG. 3, so that a tension is exerted on the switching mist 38 via the extended knee joint lever 48 and this is pivoted counterclockwise.
  • the separating lever 28 is taken along with this pivoting movement of the switching lever 38, so that its partition 32 separates the movable contact 16 from the fixed contact 14.
  • the pivoting movements of the switching lever 38 and the separating lever 28 into the switched-off position are supported by the leg spring 44 as soon as the manual operating lever 52 with the knee joint lever 48 articulated thereon has exceeded the dead center position.
  • the manual actuation lever 52 When the overcurrent is switched off with the aid of the overcurrent release 26, the manual actuation lever 52 is pivoted by the spring 58 into the switch-off position shown in FIG. 3 as soon as the knee joint lever 48 has broken through and thus the force of the leg spring 44 is no longer via the switching lever 38 and the knee joint lever on the manual actuation lever works. If the manual actuation lever 52 is pivoted back from the position shown in FIG. 3 to the position shown in FIG. 1 after an overcurrent switch-off or after a manual switch-off, the extended knee joint lever 48 presses the switch lever 38 against the force of the leg spring 44 into that shown in FIG Position back until the knee joint lever exceeds the dead center and the manual operating lever 52 engages under the action of the leg spring in the switch-on position shown in FIG. 1. When the switching lever 38 pivots into the switch-on position shown in FIG. 1, the separating lever 28 is carried along by the action of the tension spring 40.
  • an electromagnetic remote release 64 is arranged in the housing 12 and acts directly on the separating lever 28 via a pull rod 66.
  • the remote release 64 is connected via cables and connecting terminals, not shown, to an on / off switch, also not shown, which can be arranged outside the housing 12 at a relatively great distance from the switching device 10.
  • the on / off switch is turned to the off position, the solenoid of the remote release 64 is energized and the disconnect lever 28 is pulled to the off position by the pull rod 66 so that the contacts 14 and 16 are separated from each other.
  • the shift lever 38 does not take part in the pivoting movement into the off position.
  • the remote release 64 only needs to overcome the low force of the tension spring 40.
  • the excitation current in the remote release 64 drops, the isolating lever 28 returns under the action of the tension spring 40 back to the switch-on position shown in FIG. 1.

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  • Mechanisms For Operating Contacts (AREA)

Abstract

A switching device (10) having two electrical contacts (14, 16), which are pressed against one another in the switched-on position, and having a separating element (isolating element) (28) with an insulating separating wall (32) which moves between the two contacts during a movement of the separating element into the switched-off position and presses them apart from one another, characterised in that a pressure element (34) is arranged on the separating element (28) and maintains the contact pressure between the contacts when the separating element is in the switched-on position and, during the movement into the switched-off position, cancels the contact pressure before the separating wall moves between the contacts. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Schaltgerät gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a switching device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Derartige Schaltgeräte dienen dazu, einen elektrischen Stromkreis selbsttätig zu unterbrechen, wenn eine bestimmte Stromstärke überschritten wird beispielsweise im Kurzschußfall, oder wenn in der elektrischen Anlage ein Fehlerstrom auftritt.Switching devices of this type are used to automatically interrupt an electrical circuit when a certain current is exceeded, for example in the event of a short circuit, or when a fault current occurs in the electrical system.

Aus EP-A-0 350 828 ist ein derartiges Schaltgerät bekannt, bei dem ein beweglicher Kontakt in der Einschaltstellung durch eine Über-Totpunkt-Feder mit einem festen Kontakt in Druckberührung gehalten wird. Ein kreissektorförmiger Trennhebel ist am freien Ende mit einer zylindrisch gewölbten Trennwand versehen, deren Krümmungesmittelpunkt mit der Schwenkachse des Trennhebels zusammenfällt. Der Trennhebel ist mechanisch mit einem Auslöser, beispielsweise einem elektromechanischen und/oder thermoelektrischen Auslöser gekoppelt und wird im Auslösungsfall derart verschwenkt, daß sich die Trennwand in dem Zwischenraum zwischen den beiden Kontakten schiebt und den beweglichen Kontakt von dem festen Kontakt wegdrückt. Der bewegliche Kontakt wird hierdurch über die Totpunktstellung der zugehörigen Feder hinausbeweg, so daß er unter Federwirkung weiter von dem festen Kontakt weggeschwenkt wird. Die Trennwand bewegt sich wieter in Umfangsrichtung und schirmt den festen Kontakt gegenüber dem beweglichen Kontakt ab. Der zwischen den beiden Kontakten gebildete Ausschalt-Lichtbogen muß somit einen relativ weiten Umweg um das freie Ende der Trennwand herum machen, so daß sein elektrischer Widerstand rasch zunimmt, und der Lichtbogen schließlich zwangsweise in eine Löschkammer einläuft und gelöscht wird.Such a switching device is known from EP-A-0 350 828, in which a movable contact in the switched-on position is held in pressure contact with a fixed contact by means of a dead center spring. A circular sector-shaped separating lever is provided at the free end with a cylindrically curved partition, the center of curvature of which coincides with the pivot axis of the separating lever. The separating lever is mechanically coupled to a trigger, for example an electromechanical and / or thermoelectric trigger, and is pivoted in the event of a trigger such that the partition pushes in the space between the two contacts and pushes the movable contact away from the fixed contact. The movable contact is hereby moved beyond the dead center position of the associated spring, so that it is pivoted further away from the fixed contact under spring action. The partition moves further in the circumferential direction and shields the fixed contact from the moving contact. The switch-off arc formed between the two contacts must therefore make a relatively long detour around the free end of the dividing wall, so that its electrical resistance increases rapidly, and the arc finally enters a quenching chamber and is quenched.

Ein Nachteil dieser Konstruktion besteht darin, daß die Trennwand beim Einlaufen in den Zwischenraum zwischen den beiden Kontakten einen hohen Reibungswiderstand überwinden muß, der durch den Kontaktdruck noch beträchtlich erhöht wird. Hierdurch wird der Ausschaltvorgang verzögert, und es kann leicht zu Funkionsstörungen kommen.A disadvantage of this construction is that the partition wall has to overcome a high frictional resistance when entering the space between the two contacts, which is increased considerably by the contact pressure. This delays the switch-off process and can easily lead to malfunctions.

In FR-A-2 563 939 und EP-A-0 244 276 werden Schaltgeräte beschrieben, bei denen ebenfalls mit einer Trennwand zum Verlängern und Löschen des Lichtbogens gearbeitet wird. Bei diesen Geräten wird nicht nur der Trennhebel, sondern auch der bewegliche Kontakt durch einen Auslöser betätigt, und die Schaltfunktionen sind so aufeinander abgestimmt, daß der bewegliche Kontakt bereits von dem festen Kontakt freikommt, bevor die Trennwand in den Zwischenraum zwischen den Kontakten eintritt. Auf diese Weise wird ein ungehindertes Einlaufen der Trennwand in den Zwischenraum ermöglicht. Allerdings kommt es auch bei diesen Geräten zu einer Verzögerung des Ausschaltvorgangs, da die Trennwand erst nach einer gewissen Verzögerungszeit wirksam wird. Außerdem weisen diese Geräte einen relativ komplexen Aufbau mit einer großen Anzahl von Bauelementen auf, so daß sich eine erhöhte Störanfälligkeit und höhere Herstellungskosten ergeben.Switching devices are described in FR-A-2 563 939 and EP-A-0 244 276, which also work with a partition for extending and extinguishing the arc. With these devices, not only the separation lever, but also the movable contact actuated by a trigger, and the switching functions are coordinated so that the movable contact is released from the fixed contact before the partition enters the space between the contacts. In this way, an unimpeded entry of the partition into the space is made possible. However, the switch-off process is also delayed in these devices, since the partition only takes effect after a certain delay time. In addition, these devices have a relatively complex structure with a large number of components, so that there is an increased susceptibility to failure and higher manufacturing costs.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es deshalb, ein Schaltgerät der eingangs genannten Gattung zu schaffen, das sich durch einen vereinfachten Aufbau auszeichnet und bei dem dennoch sichergestellt ist, daß die Trennwand ungehindert in den Zwischenraum zwischen den Kontakten einlaufen kann, so daß eine hohe Funktionssicherheit erreicht wird.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a switching device of the type mentioned, which is characterized by a simplified structure and in which it is nevertheless ensured that the partition wall can enter the gap between the contacts unhindered, so that a high level of functional reliability is achieved .

Diese Aufgabe wird mit den in Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst.This object is achieved with the features specified in claim 1.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen lösung ist an dem Trennhebel ein Druckglied angeordnet, das in der Einschaitstellung mittelbar oder unmittelbar auf den beweglichen Kontakt drückt und so den nötigen Kontaktdruck sicherstellt. Wenn im Auslösungsfall der Trennhebel geschwenkt wird, so gelangt das Druckglied in eine Stellung. In der der Kontaktdruck aufgehoben ist. Die Aufhebung des Kontaktdruckes wird somit direkt durch die Bewegung des Trennhebels gesteuert und erfolgt somit zuverlässig in dem Augenblick, in dem die Trennwand den Zwischenraum zwischen den beiden Kontaktgliedern erreicht, so daß die Trennwand den Kontaktdruck nicht zu überwinden braucht.In the solution according to the invention, a pressure element is arranged on the separating lever, which in the engagement position presses directly or indirectly on the movable contact and thus ensures the necessary contact pressure. If the separating lever is pivoted in the event of a trigger, the pressure member comes into a position. In which the contact pressure is released. The removal of the contact pressure is thus controlled directly by the movement of the separating lever and thus takes place reliably at the moment when the separating wall reaches the space between the two contact members, so that the separating wall does not have to overcome the contact pressure.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous further developments and refinements of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Vorzugsweise wird ein Schwenklager für den beweglichen Kontakt durch ein elektrisch leitfähiges Gelenkelement gebildet, das mit dem beweglichen Kontakt in Druckberührung steht und über das die Stromzufuhr zu dem beweglichen Kontakt erfolgt. Somit ist es nicht erforderlich, an dem beweglichen Kontakt flexible Drähte oder Kabel anzubringen, die die Öffnungsbewegung behindern würden und außerdem aufgrund der häufigen wechselnden mechanischen Beanspruchungen brechen oder sich lösen könnten. Der bewegliche Kontakt und das Gelenkelement werden elastisch aneinandergedrückt, so daß ein guter elektrischer Kontakt sichergestellt ist. Da diese elastische Druckausübung jedoch unmittelbar an der Stelle des Schwenklagers erfolgt, kann sich der bewegliche Kontakt dennoch frei zwischen der Öffnungsstellung und der Schließstellung bewegen.A pivot bearing for the movable contact is preferably formed by an electrically conductive joint element which is in pressure contact with the movable contact and via which the current is supplied to the movable contact. It is therefore not necessary to attach flexible wires or cables to the movable contact, which would hinder the opening movement and also because of the frequently changing ones mechanical stress could break or come loose. The movable contact and the joint element are pressed together elastically, so that good electrical contact is ensured. However, since this elastic pressure is exerted directly at the location of the pivot bearing, the movable contact can still move freely between the open position and the closed position.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird der Trennhebel im Auslösungsfall durch einen Schalthebel betätigt, der mit relativ hoher Federkraft in Richtung auf die Ausschaltstellung vorgespannt ist und bis zur Auslösung mechanisch in der Einschaltstellung blockiert bleibt. Der Trennhebel ist unabhängig von dem Schalthebel beweglich und ist relativ zu dem Schalthebel elastisch in Richtung auf die Einschaltstellung vorgespannt. Hierdurch ergibt sich die Möglichkeit, einen durch eine Fernbedienung gesteuerten weiteren Auslöser direkt auf den Trennhebel wirken zu lassen. Bei einer Fernabschaltung wird dann der Trennhebel entgegen der relativ geringen Federkraft in die Ausschaltstellung geschwenkt, während der Schalthebel ständig im auslösebereiten Zustand verbleibt.In a preferred embodiment, the release lever is actuated in the event of a trigger by a shift lever which is biased towards the switch-off position with a relatively high spring force and remains mechanically blocked in the switch-on position until it is triggered. The separating lever is movable independently of the switching lever and is elastically biased relative to the switching lever in the direction of the switch-on position. This results in the possibility of having another trigger controlled by a remote control act directly on the separating lever. In the case of remote shutdown, the isolating lever is then pivoted into the switch-off position against the relatively low spring force, while the switching lever remains in the state ready for release.

Im folgenden wird ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert.A preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Ansicht der wesentlichen mechanischen Komponenten des Schaltgerätes im eingeschalteten Zustand;
Fig. 2
den Zustand des Schaltgerätes nach einer Überstromauslösung; und
Fig. 3
das Schaltgerät im ausgeschalteten Zustand.
Show it:
Fig. 1
a schematic view of the essential mechanical components of the switching device in the switched-on state;
Fig. 2
the state of the switching device after an overcurrent trip; and
Fig. 3
the switching device when switched off.

Das in Figur 1 gezeigte Schaltgerät 10 weist ein Gehäuse 12 auf, das sich in üblicher Weise an einer Klemmenleiste eines Verteilerkastens oder dergleichen einrasten läßt. In dem Gehäuse 12 ist ein fester Kontakt 14 angeordnet, der elektrisch mit einer nicht gezeigten ersten Anschlußklemme des Schaltgerätes verbunden ist. Ein blattfederartiger beweglicher Kontakt 16 ragt durch ein Fenster 18 einer inneren Gehäusewand 20 und steht mit dem festen Kontakt 14 in Druckberührung. Ein Schwenklager für den beweglichen Kontakt 14 wird durch einen gehäusefesten Zapfen 22 und ein elektrisch leitfähiges Gelenkelement 24 gebildet, das den Kontakt 14 elastisch gegen den Zapfen 22 andrückt. Das leitfähige Gelenkelement 24 ist in nicht gezeigter Weise über die Spule eines Überstromauslösers 26 mit einer weiteren nicht gezeigten Anschlußklemme des Schaltgerätes 10 verbunden.The switching device 10 shown in FIG. 1 has a housing 12 which can be snapped onto a terminal strip of a distribution box or the like in the usual way. A fixed contact 14 is arranged in the housing 12 and is electrically connected to a first connection terminal (not shown) of the switching device. A leaf spring-like movable contact 16 protrudes through a window 18 of an inner housing wall 20 and is in pressure contact with the fixed contact 14. A pivot bearing for the movable contact 14 is formed by a pin 22 fixed to the housing and an electrically conductive joint element 24 which presses the contact 14 elastically against the pin 22. The conductive joint element 24 is connected in a manner not shown via the coil of an overcurrent release 26 to a further terminal, not shown, of the switching device 10.

Ein Trennhebel 28 ist um eine gehäusefeste Achse 30 schwenkbar und trägt am freien Ende eine zylindrisch gekrümmte, konzentrisch zu der Achse 30 angeordnete Trennwand 32, die sich zwischen der inneren Gehäusewand 20 und dem festen Kontakt 14 befindet. An dem Trennhebel 28 ist ein Vorsprung 34 ausgebildet, der in der in Figur 1 gezeigten Stellung des Trennhebels 28 an dem beweglichen Kontakt 16 anliegt und als Druckglied zur Erzeugung des Kontaktdruckes zwischen dem beweglichen Kontakt 16 und dem festen Kontakt 14 dient. Zusätzlich ist an dem beweglichen Kontakt 16 in der Nähe des Schwenklagers 22,24 eine Feder 36 angeordnet, die für einen ausreichenden Kontaktdruck zwischen dem beweglichen Kontakt 16 und dem leitenden Gelenkelement 24 sorgt. Außerdem hat die Feder 36 die Tendenz, den beweglichen Kontakt 16 im Gegenuhrzeigersinn zu schwenken, so daß sie den Kontaktdruck zwischen den Kontakten 14 und 16 etwas verringert. In der in Fig. 1 gezeigten Stellung überwiegt jedoch die von dem Duckglied 34 ausgeübte Kraft, die im Sinne einer Erhöhung des Kontaktdruckes wirkt.A separating lever 28 is pivotable about an axis 30 fixed to the housing and carries at the free end a cylindrically curved partition wall 32 which is arranged concentrically to the axis 30 and is located between the inner housing wall 20 and the fixed contact 14. A projection 34 is formed on the separating lever 28, which, in the position of the separating lever 28 shown in FIG. 1, bears against the movable contact 16 and serves as a pressure element for generating the contact pressure between the movable contact 16 and the fixed contact 14. In addition, a spring 36 is arranged on the movable contact 16 in the vicinity of the pivot bearing 22, 24, which ensures sufficient contact pressure between the movable contact 16 and the conductive joint element 24. In addition, the spring 36 tends to pivot the movable contact 16 counterclockwise so that it somewhat reduces the contact pressure between the contacts 14 and 16. In the position shown in FIG. 1, however, the force exerted by the pressure member 34 prevails, which acts in the sense of an increase in the contact pressure.

Auf der Achse 30 ist ein Schalthebel 38 gelagert, der über eine Zugfeder 40 mit einem Fortsatz 42 da Trennhebels 28 verbunden ist. Der Trennhebel 28 wird hierdurch im Uhrzeigersinn vorgespannt, so daß der Vorsprung 34 den beweglichen Kontakt 16 gegen den festen Kontakt 14 andrückt. Der Kontaktdruck zwischen den Kontakten 14,16 wird somit maßgeblich durch die Kraft der Zugfeder 40 bestimmt.On the axis 30, a shift lever 38 is mounted, which is connected via a tension spring 40 to an extension 42 da separating lever 28. The separating lever 28 is thereby biased clockwise so that the projection 34 presses the movable contact 16 against the fixed contact 14. The contact pressure between the contacts 14, 16 is thus largely determined by the force of the tension spring 40.

Der Schalthebel 38 wird durch eine verhältnismäßig starke Schenkelfeder 44, die an einem Mitnehmer 46 angreift, im Gegenuhrzeigersinn vorgespannt, wird jedoch durch einen in der Strecklage befindlichen Kniegelenkhebel 48 in der in Figur 1 gezeigten Stellung fixiert. Ein erstes Gelenkglied 50 des Kniegelenkhebels 48 ist mit einem Ende schwenkbar an einem Handbetätigungshebel 52 befestigt und liegt mit seinem entgegengesetzten Ende an einem Anschlag 54 des zweiten Gelenkgliedes 56 des Kniegelenkhebels an. Durch eine nicht naher bezeichnete, relativ schwache Zugfeder wird der Kniegelenkhebel 48 in der Strecklage gehalten. Eine Feder 58 hat die Tendenz, den Handbetätigungshebel 52 im Uhrzeigersinn zu verschwenken. In dem in Figur 1 gezeigten Zustand wird die Kraft der Feder 58 Jedoch durch die Kraft der Schenkelfeder 44 überwunden, die über den Schalthebel 38 und den Kniegelenkhebel 48 auf den Handbetätigungshebel wirkt.The shift lever 38 is biased counterclockwise by a relatively strong leg spring 44 which acts on a driver 46, but is fixed in the position shown in FIG. 1 by a toggle lever 48 in the extended position. A first joint member 50 of the knee joint lever 48 is pivotally attached at one end to a manual actuation lever 52 and rests with its opposite end against a stop 54 of the second joint member 56 of the knee joint lever. By a relatively weak tension spring not specified, the Knee joint lever 48 held in the extended position. A spring 58 tends to pivot the manual control lever 52 clockwise. In the state shown in FIG. 1, the force of the spring 58 is overcome, however, by the force of the leg spring 44, which acts on the manual actuation lever via the shift lever 38 and the knee joint lever 48.

Wenn die Stromstärke des durch die Kontakte 14.16 und die Spule des Überstromauslösers 26 fließenden Stromes einen gewiesen Wert übersteigt, so wird durch den Überstromauslöser 26 eine Sicherheitsabschaltung ausgelöst. Dabei fährt ein Stößel 60 des Überstromauslösers 26 aus und trifft auf den Kniegelenkhebel 48, so daß der Kniegelenkhebel durchgeschlagen wird. Unter der Wirkung der starken Schenkelfeder 44 knickt der Kniegelenkhebei ein, und der Schalthebel 38 wird in die in Figur 2 gezeigte Stellung verschwenkt, wobei er durch den Mitnehmer 46 den Trennhebel 28 mitnimmt. Bei der Schwenkbewegung des Trennhebels 28 kommt der Vorsprung 34 von dem beweglichen Kontakt 16 frei, so daß der Kontaktdruck zwischen den Kontakten 14.16 aufgehoben wird und die Feder 36 den beweglichen Kontakt 16 von dem festen Kontakt 14 abhebt. Nahezu im selben Augenblick bewegt sich die Trennwand 32 frei in den Zwischenraum zwischen den Kontakten 14 und 16, so daß sie diese gegeneinander abschirmt. Im weiteren Verlauf der Schwenkbewegung schiebt sich die Trennwand 32 weiter zwischen die Kontakte 14.16, so daß der zwischen den Kontakten gebildete Lichtbogen durch die Trennwand 32 in einen zwischen der inneren Gehäusewand 20 und einer äußeren Gehäusewand gebildeten Funkenkanal 62 hineingezwungen und schließlich zum Erlöschen gebracht wird.If the current strength of the current flowing through the contacts 14.16 and the coil of the overcurrent release 26 exceeds a specified value, the overcurrent release 26 triggers a safety shutdown. A plunger 60 of the overcurrent release 26 extends and strikes the knee joint lever 48, so that the knee joint lever is broken through. Under the action of the strong leg spring 44, the knee joint bends and the switching lever 38 is pivoted into the position shown in FIG. 2, taking the separating lever 28 with it through the driver 46. During the pivoting movement of the separating lever 28, the projection 34 is released from the movable contact 16, so that the contact pressure between the contacts 14.16 is released and the spring 36 lifts the movable contact 16 from the fixed contact 14. At almost the same moment, the partition 32 moves freely into the space between the contacts 14 and 16 so that it shields them from each other. In the further course of the pivoting movement, the partition wall 32 is pushed further between the contacts 14.16, so that the arc formed between the contacts is forced through the partition wall 32 into a spark channel 62 formed between the inner housing wall 20 and an outer housing wall and is finally extinguished.

Mit Hilfe des Handbetätigungshebels 52 kann der durch die Kontakte 14.16 geschlossene Stromkreis auch unabhängig von der Wirkung des Überstromauslösers 26 unterbrochen werden. Hierzu wird der Handbetätigungshebel 52 in die in Figur 3 gezeigte Stellung gedreht, so daß über den gestreckten Kniegelenkhebel 48 ein Zug auf den Schaltnebel 38 ausgeübt und dieser im Gegenuhrzeigersinn verschwenkt wird. Wie bei dem zuvor beschriebenen Auslösungsfall wird bei dieser Schwenkbewegung des Schalthebels 38 der Trennhebel 28 mitgenommen, so daß seine Trennwand 32 den beweglichen Kontakt 16 von dem festen Kontakt 14 trennt. Die Schwenkbewegungen des Schalthebels 38 und des Trennhebels 28 in die Ausschaltstellung werden durch die Schenkelfeder 44 unterstützt, sobald der Handbetätigungshebel 52 mit dem daran angelenkten Kniegelenkhebel 48 die Totpunktlage überschritten hat.With the help of the manual control lever 52, the circuit closed by the contacts 14.16 can also be interrupted independently of the action of the overcurrent release 26. For this purpose, the manual actuation lever 52 is rotated into the position shown in FIG. 3, so that a tension is exerted on the switching mist 38 via the extended knee joint lever 48 and this is pivoted counterclockwise. As in the case of triggering described above, the separating lever 28 is taken along with this pivoting movement of the switching lever 38, so that its partition 32 separates the movable contact 16 from the fixed contact 14. The pivoting movements of the switching lever 38 and the separating lever 28 into the switched-off position are supported by the leg spring 44 as soon as the manual operating lever 52 with the knee joint lever 48 articulated thereon has exceeded the dead center position.

Bei der Überstromabschaltung mit Hilfe des Überstromauslösers 26 wird der Handbetätigungshebel 52 durch die Feder 58 in die in Figur 3 gezeigte Ausschaltstellung geschwenkt, sobald der Kniegelenkhebel 48 durchgeschlagen ist und somit die Kraft der Schenkelfeder 44 nicht mehr über den Schalthebei 38 und den Kniegelenkhebel auf den Handbetätigungshebel wirkt. Wenn der Handbetätigungshebel 52 nach einer Überstromabschaltung oder nach einer manuellen Abschaltung aus der in Figur 3 gezeigten Stellung in die in Figur 1 gezeigte Stellung zurückgeschwenkt wird, so drückt der gestreckte Kniegelenkhebel 48 den Schalthebel 38 entgegen der Kraft der Schenkelfeder 44 in die in Figur 1 gezeigte Stellung zurück, bis der Kniegelenkhebel den Totpunkt überschreitet und der Handbetätigungshebel 52 unter der Wirkung der Schenkelfeder in der in Figur 1 gezeigten Einschaltstellung einrastet. Bei der Schwenkbewegung des Schalthebels 38 in die in Figur 1 gezeigte Einschaltstellung wird der Trennhebel 28 durch die Wirkung der Zugfeder 40 mitgenommen.When the overcurrent is switched off with the aid of the overcurrent release 26, the manual actuation lever 52 is pivoted by the spring 58 into the switch-off position shown in FIG. 3 as soon as the knee joint lever 48 has broken through and thus the force of the leg spring 44 is no longer via the switching lever 38 and the knee joint lever on the manual actuation lever works. If the manual actuation lever 52 is pivoted back from the position shown in FIG. 3 to the position shown in FIG. 1 after an overcurrent switch-off or after a manual switch-off, the extended knee joint lever 48 presses the switch lever 38 against the force of the leg spring 44 into that shown in FIG Position back until the knee joint lever exceeds the dead center and the manual operating lever 52 engages under the action of the leg spring in the switch-on position shown in FIG. 1. When the switching lever 38 pivots into the switch-on position shown in FIG. 1, the separating lever 28 is carried along by the action of the tension spring 40.

Bei dem Schaltgerät 10 besteht außerdem die Möglichkeit einer Fernbetätigung. Hierzu ist in dem Gehäuse 12 ein elektromagnetischer Fernauslöser 64 angeordnet, der über eine Zugstange 66 direkt auf den Trennhebel 28 wirkt. Der Fernauslöser 64 ist über nicht gezeigte Kabel und Anschlußklemmen mit einem ebenfalls nicht gezeigten Ein/Aus-Schalter verbunden, der außerhalb des Gehäuses 12 in relativ großer Entfernung zu dem Schaltgerät 10 angeordnet sein kann. Wenn der Ein/Aus-Schalter in die Aus-Stellung geschaltet wird, so wird die Magnetspule des Fernauslösers 64 erregt, und der Trennhebel 28 wird durch die Zugstange 66 in die Ausschaltstellung gezogen, so daß die Kontakte 14 und 16 voneinander getrennt werden. In diesem Fall nimmt der Schalthebel 38 nicht an der Schwenkbewegung in die Ausschaltstellung teil. Der Fernauslöser 64 braucht lediglich die geringe Kraft der Zugfeder 40 zu überwinden. Wenn der Erregerstrom in dem Fernauslöser 64 abfällt, so kehrt der Trennhebel 28 unter der Wirkung der Zugfeder 40 wieder in die in Figur 1 gezeigte Einschaltstellung zurück.In the switching device 10 there is also the possibility of remote operation. For this purpose, an electromagnetic remote release 64 is arranged in the housing 12 and acts directly on the separating lever 28 via a pull rod 66. The remote release 64 is connected via cables and connecting terminals, not shown, to an on / off switch, also not shown, which can be arranged outside the housing 12 at a relatively great distance from the switching device 10. When the on / off switch is turned to the off position, the solenoid of the remote release 64 is energized and the disconnect lever 28 is pulled to the off position by the pull rod 66 so that the contacts 14 and 16 are separated from each other. In this case, the shift lever 38 does not take part in the pivoting movement into the off position. The remote release 64 only needs to overcome the low force of the tension spring 40. When the excitation current in the remote release 64 drops, the isolating lever 28 returns under the action of the tension spring 40 back to the switch-on position shown in FIG. 1.

Claims (8)

Schaltgerät mit zwei in der Einschaltstellung gegeneinandergedrückten elektrischen Kontakten (14,16) und einem Trennelement (28) mit einer isolierenden Trennwand (32), die bei einer Bewegung des Trennelements in die Ausschaltstellung zwischen die beiden Kontakte (14,16) tritt und diese auseinanderdrückt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an dem Trennelement (28) ein Druckglied (34) angeordnet ist, das in der Einschaltstellung des Trennelements den Kontaktdruck zwischen den Kontakten (14,16) aufrechterhält und bei der Bewegung in die Ausschaltstellung den Kontaktdruck aufhebt, bevor die Trennwand (32) zwischen die Kontakte (14,16) tritt.Switchgear with two electrical contacts (14, 16) pressed against each other in the switch-on position and a separating element (28) with an insulating partition (32) which, when the separating element moves, moves into the switch-off position between the two contacts (14, 16) and pushes them apart , characterized in that a pressure element (34) is arranged on the separating element (28), which maintains the contact pressure between the contacts (14, 16) in the switched-on position of the separating element and removes the contact pressure when moving into the switched-off position before the partition (32) occurs between the contacts (14, 16). Schaltgerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Trennelement (28) ein schwenkbarer Hebel ist, an dessen freiem Ende die Trennwand (32) in Richtung der Schwenkbewegung verlaufend angeordnet ist, daß einer der beiden Kontakte (16) schräg zu der Bewegungsbahn der Trennwand (32) verläuft und daß das Druckglied (34) ein radial innerhalb der Trennwand (32) an dem Trennelement (28) ausgebildeter Vorsprung ist, der in der Einschaltstellung des Trennelements mit diesem Kontakt (16) in Druckberührung steht.Switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that the separating element (28) is a pivotable lever, at the free end of which the dividing wall (32) is arranged in the direction of the pivoting movement, that one of the two contacts (16) is inclined to the path of movement of the dividing wall (32) and that the pressure member (34) is a radially formed inside the partition (32) on the partition element (28) projection which is in pressure contact with this contact (16) in the switched-on position of the partition element. Schaltgerät nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß einer der Kontakte (16) an einer Gelenkstelle (22,24) schwenkbar gelagert ist und daß die elektrische Kontaktierung dieses Kontaktes durch ein elektrisch leitfähiges Gelenkelement (24) erfolgt, das an der Gelenkstelle mit dem Kontakt in Druckberührung steht.Switching device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that one of the contacts (16) is pivotally mounted at an articulation point (22, 24) and that the electrical contacting of this contact is effected by an electrically conductive articulated element (24) which is connected to the articulation point the contact is in pressure contact. Schaltgerät nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Feder (36), die den Kontakt (16) mit dem Gelenkelement (24) in Druckberührung hält, auf den Kontakt (16) ein Drehmoment ausübt, das schwächer als das in der Einschaltstellung vom dem Druckglied (34) ausgeübte Drehmoment ist und diesem entgegenwirkt.Switching device according to claim 3, characterized in that a spring (36) which keeps the contact (16) with the joint element (24) in pressure contact exerts a torque on the contact (16) which is weaker than that in the switched-on position of the Pressure member (34) is exerted torque and counteracts this. Schaltgerät nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Trennelement (28) elastisch in die Ausschaltstellung vorgespannt und in der Einschaltstellung arretierbar ist und daß die Arretierung durch einen Auslösemechanismus (26,48,52) aufhebbar ist.Switching device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separating element (28) is resiliently biased into the switch-off position and can be locked in the switch-on position and that the locking can be released by a release mechanism (26, 48, 52). Schaltgerät nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Auslösemechanismus einen Kniegelenkhebel (48) aufweist, der in seinem gestreckten Zustand das Trennelement (28) in der Einschaltstellung hält.Switching device according to claim 5, characterized in that the release mechanism has a knee joint lever (48) which, in its extended state, holds the separating element (28) in the switched-on position. Schaltgerät nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine das Trennelement (28) in die Ausschaltstellung vorspannende Feder (44) und der Auslösemechanismus (26,48,52) auf einen Schalthebel (38) wirken, der einen das Trennelement (28) in Ausschaltrichtung beaufachlagenden Mitnehmer (46) aufweist und außerdem mit dem Trennelement über eine Feder (40) verbunden ist, die das Trennelement gegen den Mitnehmer (46) spannt.Switching device according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that a spring (44) which biases the separating element (28) into the switch-off position and the trigger mechanism (26, 48, 52) act on a switching lever (38) which holds the separating element (28) Has carrier (46) acting in the switch-off direction and is also connected to the separating element via a spring (40) which tensions the separating element against the carrier (46). Schaltgerät nach Anspruch 7, gekennzeichnet durch ein elektrisch ansteuerbares Fernbetätigungselement (64), durch das das Trennelement (28) unabhängig von dem Schalthebel (38) in die Ausschaltstellung bewegbar ist.Switching device according to claim 7, characterized by an electrically controllable remote control element (64), by means of which the separating element (28) can be moved into the switched-off position independently of the switching lever (38).
EP19930116449 1992-10-09 1993-10-11 Switching device Expired - Lifetime EP0592007B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19924234065 DE4234065C1 (en) 1992-10-09 1992-10-09 Switchgear
DE4234065 1992-10-09

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EP0592007A1 true EP0592007A1 (en) 1994-04-13
EP0592007B1 EP0592007B1 (en) 1997-03-26

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DK (1) DK0592007T3 (en)

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DE19726402B4 (en) * 1997-06-21 2009-03-05 Marquardt Gmbh Electric switch
DE19735521A1 (en) * 1997-08-16 1999-02-18 Kloeckner Moeller Gmbh Arc extinction device for short circuit current limiting switch
FR2892849B1 (en) * 2005-10-28 2013-12-20 Hager Electro Sas LOCK MECHANISM FOR ELECTRICAL APPARATUS
CN107731594B (en) * 2017-11-27 2020-04-17 国隆电气有限公司 Back-up protector of gapless surge protector

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FR2563939A1 (en) * 1984-05-03 1985-11-08 Telemecanique Electrique ARC BREAK SCREEN SWITCH DEVICE
EP0244276A1 (en) * 1986-04-04 1987-11-04 Telemecanique Electrical switch for a protective device such as a circuit breaker
EP0350828A2 (en) * 1988-07-14 1990-01-17 Asea Brown Boveri Aktiengesellschaft Electrical installation apparatus with a contact-separating barrier

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DE2829860A1 (en) * 1978-07-07 1980-01-17 Hartmann & Braun Ag Rotary switch with opposite contacts - has insulating element inserted between contacts during their breaking
FR2563939A1 (en) * 1984-05-03 1985-11-08 Telemecanique Electrique ARC BREAK SCREEN SWITCH DEVICE
EP0244276A1 (en) * 1986-04-04 1987-11-04 Telemecanique Electrical switch for a protective device such as a circuit breaker
EP0350828A2 (en) * 1988-07-14 1990-01-17 Asea Brown Boveri Aktiengesellschaft Electrical installation apparatus with a contact-separating barrier

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006040418A1 (en) * 2004-10-08 2006-04-20 Abb France Overvoltage protection device provided with arc cutting means and corresponding method

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DE4234065C1 (en) 1993-12-02
DK0592007T3 (en) 1997-10-06
EP0592007B1 (en) 1997-03-26
DE59305943D1 (en) 1997-04-30

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