Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
  • F25B43/006—Accumulators
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
  • F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
  • F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
  • F25B2500/01—Geometry problems, e.g. for reducing size
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
  • F25B43/003—Filters
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
  • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
  • F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide

Definitions

• the invention relates to a refrigerant collector with filter / dryer unit for refrigeration systems.
• the refrigerant collector according to the invention is particularly suitable for motor vehicle air conditioning systems and in particular for those which are operated with carbon dioxide as the refrigerant.
• Refrigerant collectors are usually traversed by refrigerant, while holding a supply of refrigerant. This buffers lower refrigerant losses of the chiller and different. Operating conditions of the same. Therefore, there is usually a certain supply of liquid sigen refrigerant in the refrigerant collector. The refrigerant must be dry. If ice forms in unfavorable places in the chiller, this can lead to malfunctions and damage to the chiller. This is why refrigeration plants usually have dryers. These are, for example tubular storage vessels, in which a water-absorbing material such as granules is arranged. This is flowed through by the refrigerant. It is important to ensure a sufficiently intimate contact between the refrigerant and the dryer material.
• the compressors of CO 2 refrigerating machines but also the compressors of other refrigerating machines are relatively sensitive to aspirated fluid droplets and in particular solid particles. It is therefore desirable to ensure that the refrigerant flow sucked in by the compressors contains in particular no solid particles.
• the refrigerant collector according to the invention is based on a pressure-resistant, upright vessel with wall, bottom and upper end, so that a closed interior is enclosed.
• a first tube leads into the interior and a second tube leads out of the interior.
• a filter / dryer unit is arranged, which is fed by the tube leading into the interior.
• the filter / dryer unit is doing about in her Center supplied with refrigerant.
• the filter / dryer unit has at least one, but preferably a plurality of large-area outlets, whose cross section exceeds the cross section of the feeding pipe.
• the outlets open into the interior of the container, where both oil and liquid refrigerant can collect.
• the tube leading out of the interior space has an upper open end, which is preferably arranged above the filter / dryer unit. It leads from this point out of the interior. It is preferably U-shaped around the
• Filter / dryer unit guided around, wherein a lower pipe bend of the pipe leading out of the interior immediately above the bottom of the vessel. In this area, a suction opening is preferably arranged.
• the pipe bend undercuts an oil level, which is located in the
• the refrigerant flow leaving the vessel can be metered in via the intake opening and carried along with it. This is desired for lubrication of the connected compressors.
• the filter / dryer unit separates the refrigerant level from the upwardly towering open tube end of the tube leading out of the inner space, so that no splashes of refrigerant can get into the open tube end, even if the refrigerant collector when installed in a motor vehicle shaken during heavy driving maneuvers or bumpy roads.
• the wall of the vessel of the refrigerant collector is cylindrical, whereas the bottom of the vessel is rounded.
• the latter has the advantage that even with small amounts of oil, a sufficiently high oil level can be achieved in order to provide the refrigerant flow with oil.
• the vessel shape is particularly pressure-resistant in this way.
• the upper end of the vessel is preferably formed flat or slightly rounded, the two tubes side by side into the vessel as well as lead out of this.
• an approximately cylindrical vapor dome is formed, in which refrigerant is predominantly in the gaseous phase and can be withdrawn well.
• the connection of the two side by side preferably parallel to each other oriented tubes is also easy and clear.
• the filter / dryer unit occupies the entire cross section of the interior in such a way that it defines only a relatively narrow annular gap with the wall of the vessel. Out of this annular gap, refrigerant with a relatively low flow rate enters the upper area serving as vapor dome. Sloshing movements of the refrigerant level located below the filter / dryer unit hardly lead to liquid refrigerant reaching the area above the filter / dryer unit. This is certainly not the case in view of the preferred height (axial extent) of the filter / dryer unit, which is preferably larger than the diameter thereof.
• the filter / dryer unit preferably has a housing with a flat upper side and an approximately cylindrical outer circumference. This effectively separates the liquid refrigerant phase from the vapor refrigerant phase. In addition, it offers a sufficiently large interior to accommodate a large desiccant portion.
• the filter / dryer unit has proven to be very advantageous to provide the filter / dryer unit with a conical bottom.
• the tip of the bottom is preferably located centrally in the housing approximately below the feeding tube.
• the cone angle is relatively large and is preferably between 120 ° and 170 °.
• This shape of the bottom has proven to be advantageous both in terms of the forming flow pattern as well as purely practical because it allows a good compacting of the dryer granules when closing the filter / dryer unit. This is especially true when the bottom is inserted into the housing of the filter / dryer unit from below and then fixed, for example, by locking means.
• the dry granules are flowed through substantially radially, wherein the flow rate is low and decreases towards the outside. This will be one 006/001862
• Spherical granules are preferably used as dry granules, which provides optimum contact between the refrigerant and the dry granules.
• the filter / dryer unit On the inlet side, the filter / dryer unit is provided with an inlet basket having at its periphery and at its bottom outlet openings, e.g. Has holes and slots.
• the inlet basket allows the introduction of refrigerant fluid into the dry granulate with low pressure drop.
• a fine filter is preferably arranged. This is e.g. formed by a fine stainless steel mesh, a stainless steel felt or the like.
• the mesh size is preferably in the range of 30 microns to 60 microns.
• the conical bottom is a prerequisite that leads to a good separation of gaseous and liquid phase.
• the accumulation of liquid refrigerant and / or oil in the filter / dryer unit is safely avoided.
• the dryer granules themselves are kept free of liquids, so that its effectiveness is not affected by oil or liquid refrigerant.
• Figure 1 shows the refrigerant collector in a perspective
• FIG. 2 shows the refrigerant collector according to FIG. 1 in a perspective, vertically sectioned illustration
• FIG 3 shows the refrigerant collector of Figure 2 in a vertical sectioned view with additional
• Figure 4 shows the filter / dryer unit of the refrigerant collector according to Figures 2 and 3 in a vertical sectional view
• Figure 5 shows the refrigerant collector of Figure 1 in a partial sectional view.
• the outer vessel 2 is formed by an aluminum bottle. This has a cylindrical wall 3 with a substantially flat upper termination 4 and a e.g. spherical convex ground 5.
• the bottom 5 may be provided with an opening into which a burst plug 6 is screwed.
• the vessel 2 is closed on all sides to the outside. It may be welded together from two or more parts, the welds are not illustrated in Figure 1.
• the vessel 2 is without
• the pipe 7 forms the input-side line for introducing refrigerant into the refrigerant collector 1. It leads to a filter / Tro ⁇ kner unit 10, which is housed in the inner space 9 in a separate housing 11.
• the arranged in the interior 9 end 12 of the tube 7 leads to a ⁇ ttigen terminal, which is on the housing 11, that is, in fact / on its preferably flat top 13 is arranged.
• the housing 11 also has an approximately cylindrical outer circumference 14, whose diameter is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the wall 3, so that a slot is formed between the two.
• the outer periphery 14 is provided with radially outwardly projecting Abstandshalternasen 15, which are preferably in the form of elongated vertical, ie axially oriented ribs 16, 17, 18 are formed.
• Abstandshalternasen 15 are preferably in the form of elongated vertical, ie axially oriented ribs 16, 17, 18 are formed.
• On the outer circumference 14 also outlet windows 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 (see Figures 2 and 3) are formed, the apparent from Figure 3 interior 24 of the housing 11 on its entire circumferential surface to the inner space 9 of the vessel 3 out to open.
• the outlet windows 19 to 23 are separated from each other only by narrow webs, which connect the upper end plate located on the upper side 13 with a lower ring 25 which holds a bottom 26 inserted into the housing 11.
• the outlet windows 19 to 23 may be provided with a plastic grid, which supports the filter used later explained and protects against manual damage, in particular during assembly.
• the bottom 26 is preferably, like the rest of the housing 11, made of plastic. It has an upwardly extending from an annular rim 27 conical bottom portion 28 which has a cone angle of preferably about 130 ° to 150 °.
• the bottom 26 is preferably not further illustrated locking means with the ring
• the outlet windows 19 to 23 are closed by a fine mesh filter. This may be formed for example by a stainless steel mesh, a stainless steel felt or the like.
• the mesh size is preferably in the range between see 30 microns and 60 microns.
• an inlet basket 31 is arranged, which is preferably integrally connected to the upper end plate of the housing 11.
• the inlet basket 31 has, for example, a cylindrical shape. At its periphery it is provided with slots 32. In its bottom openings 33 are formed.
• the slits 32 and openings 33 preferably have a width of not more than 0.8 mm. In any case, however, the width of the slots 32 and openings 33 is less than the grain size of a dry granulate that fills the interior 24. This granulate serves for water absorption.
• the housing 11 has groove-like, preferably approximately cylindrical shell-shaped recesses on diametrically opposite or otherwise positioned to each other points, through which the tube 8 extends. It goes from an open, located above the filter / dryer unit 10 end vertically down to the bottom 5 of the vessel 2.
• the corresponding straight pipe section 34 then passes below the filter / dryer unit 10 in a pipe bend 35, of which starting with a further pipe section 36 again on the filter / dryer unit 10 over to the conclusion 4 and through this leads to the outside.
• the pipe bend 35 runs just above the bottom 5, as can be seen in particular from FIG. At its lowest point, at which the pipe bend 35 is closest to the bottom 5, the pipe bend is provided with a suction bore 37. These has a small diameter and serves to add oil to the refrigerant flowing in the pipe bend 35.
• the refrigerant collector 1 described so far operates as follows:
• the vessel 2 is arranged vertically, i. its tubes 7, 8 lead substantially vertically into the interior 9.
• the central axis of the cylindrical wall is oriented vertically.
• refrigerant flows from a chiller first into the filter / dryer unit, which divides the interior 9 into an upper region 38, which serves as a steam dome, and a lower region 39, which serves as a liquid collector.
• the refrigerant is a three-phase mixture consisting of gaseous refrigerant, liquid refrigerant and liquid oil particles. It initially enters the inlet basket 31 and leaves it through the slots 32 and the openings 33, through which it passes into the dense packing of the preferably spherical dryer body.
• Liquid ingredients i. Liquid refrigerant and oil reach the bottom portion 28 and run on this outward. They exit the filter / dryer unit 10 through the outlet windows 19 to 23 and then run down the ring 25 in the subspace formed by the area 39.
• gaseous refrigerant collects predominantly in the region 38 of the interior 9, from which they are drawn off via the pipe 8.
• Under the filter / dryer unit 10 forms a liquid reservoir consisting of oil and liquid refrigerant tel. Because of the different densities, both divorced from each other. This is especially true when CO 2 is used as the refrigerant.
• the oil level 41 is at least above the suction bore 37.
• the refrigerant level 43 is at least below the edge 29, but preferably below the ring 25th
• the vaporous refrigerant present in the region 38 flows through the pipe section 34 and the pipe bend 35, taking along oil via the suction bore 37.
• the suction bore 37 may also be considered a drainage bore, which limits the entry of oil into the tube 8 to a desired low level. If necessary, several such holes can be provided.
• a filter for example in the form of a metal mesh, metal felt or the like may be arranged between the pipe bend 35 and the bursting plug 6.
• the filter / dryer unit 10 causes not only a drying of the refrigerant but at the same time such an effective subdivision of the interior 9 that no splashes of the optionally boiling or sloshing by external movement surface of the refrigerant volume 42 into the open end of the pipe section 34. It is created in this way a simple, combined refrigerant collector with integrated filter / dryer unit 10.
• a refrigerant receiver 1 with filter / dryer unit 10 has an elongate, vertically oriented interior, which is subdivided by the filter / dryer unit 10 into an upper area 38 and a lower area 39.
• Inflowing refrigerant is through a pipe 7 of the Filter / dryer unit 10 which has its outlet window at its outer periphery, which defines a relatively narrow gap with the wall 3 of the vessel 2 of the refrigerant collector 1.
• Liquid components drip down and collect below the filter / dryer unit. Gaseous components accumulate predominantly above the filter / dryer unit 10.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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ID=36613382

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• 2005
  • 2005-03-01 DE DE102005009191A patent/DE102005009191B3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2006
  • 2006-03-01 CN CNB2006800144425A patent/CN100538215C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2006-03-01 EP EP06723160A patent/EP1853859B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
  • 2006-03-01 US US11/908,979 patent/US20080282727A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2006-03-01 AT AT06723160T patent/ATE437345T1/de active
  • 2006-03-01 ES ES06723160T patent/ES2329169T3/es active Active
  • 2006-03-01 DE DE502006004303T patent/DE502006004303D1/de active Active
  • 2006-03-01 WO PCT/EP2006/001862 patent/WO2006092285A2/fr active Application Filing

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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