Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
  • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
  • F01M1/08—Lubricating systems characterised by the provision therein of lubricant jetting means
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
  • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
  • F01M1/16—Controlling lubricant pressure or quantity
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
  • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
  • F01M1/02—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
  • F01M3/00—Lubrication specially adapted for engines with crankcase compression of fuel-air mixture or for other engines in which lubricant is contained in fuel, combustion air, or fuel-air mixture
  • F01M3/04—Lubrication specially adapted for engines with crankcase compression of fuel-air mixture or for other engines in which lubricant is contained in fuel, combustion air, or fuel-air mixture for upper cylinder lubrication only
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16N—LUBRICATING
  • F16N13/00—Lubricating-pumps
  • F16N13/02—Lubricating-pumps with reciprocating piston
  • F16N13/04—Adjustable reciprocating pumps
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
  • F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
  • F01M1/08—Lubricating systems characterised by the provision therein of lubricant jetting means
  • F01M2001/083—Lubricating systems characterised by the provision therein of lubricant jetting means for lubricating cylinders
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
  • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
  • F01M11/02—Arrangements of lubricant conduits
  • F01M2011/022—Arrangements of lubricant conduits for lubricating cylinders

Definitions

• the present invention concerns a lubricating system including a method and system for lubricating the cylinder faces in large diesel engines, particularly marine engines, including at least one lubricating apparatus with a number of reciprocating pumps which are connected with and each feeds one or more separate lubricating points disposed in the cylinder linings.
• the lubricating apparatuses are traditionally designed as pumping units which are mounted in close association with respective cylinders, and which are connected with a feeding reservoir for lubricating oil and with lubricating points in the form of oil injection nozzles at different points on the cylinder wall.
• Each pump unit includes a plurality of reciprocating pumps that feed various lubricating points with oil, and which are driven by a common rotating control shaft with cams applied thereon.
• the cams with pressing heads act on respective axially displacing pistons which are spring biased in direction towards the control shaft, so that the pistons at the rotation of the shaft will perform reciprocating movements for activating the pistons of the reciprocating pumps.
• Lubricating points will thus, as mentioned in the present application, include oil injecting nozzles and/or pressurised atomising nozzles.
• control shaft is driven through a direct or indirect mechanical coupling with the crankshaft of the engine, whereby it is possible to provide power for the activation of pumps and at the same time to achieve synchronisation between the crankshaft of the engine and the control shaft of the lubricating apparatus.
• a pump unit may e.g. include a box-shaped apparatus housing, from where connecting pipes extend to the lubricating points on the associated engine cylinder, e.g. in a number of 6-24.
• the pistons are traditionally operated by means of activation cams/rocker arms on a through-going control shaft which is rotated synchronously with the crankshaft of the engine.
• the pistons are spring biased towards the activation cams.
• the set screws may be operated manually for determining individual operative strokes of the pistons and thereby the associated yield of the individual reciprocating pumps.
• Another system includes lubricating unit using a central actuating piston which is mounted in a bore acting as a hydraulic cylinder in a housing, and which is driven by lubricating oil fed to a hydraulic chamber in the hydraulic cylinder in which the actuating piston is disposed.
• the lubricating oil is supplied through a control valve that includes a valve sleeve which may connect the hydraulic chamber with a drain line leading lubricating oil back to storage tank/lubricating apparatus or a pressurised line connected with the pressure side of the storage tank.
• the hydraulic chamber is connected with a number of dosing cylinders containing dosing pistons for delivering lubricating oil to the lubricating points.
• Each of the dosing piston are actuated by the actuator piston for feeding a lubricating oil portion to the lubricating points.
• the oil portion is determined by the stroke which is adjusted by a manually adjustable stop determining the stroke of the actuator piston and thereby also individual operational strokes of the dosing pistons and thereby the associated yields of the individual dosing pumps.
• a proposal for regulating has been presented in that the lubricating oil portion from a specific pump stroke and to a specific lubricating point is returned to the lubricating apparatus, as an electronic controlled redirecting of the lubricating oil portion between lubricating apparatus and the lubricating points is established.
• This system has appeared to function satisfactorily, but there may be systems where it is wanted to avoid bypass conducting the lubricating oil back to storage tank/lubricating apparatus.
• the control is electronic and may include control of a hydraulic system which is used for the adjustment which is performed centrally and automatically.
• this is achieved by a method of the kind mentioned in the introduction which is peculiar in that the lubricating oil portion from a specific pump stroke and to one or more lubricating points is regulated, as a central electronic control of the stroke of the reciprocating pump is established.
• the system according to the invention is peculiar in that it includes an electronic control unit which is connected with a regulating means for the stroke adjusting device of the reciprocating pump, which regulating means is controlled electronically.
• the regulating means may be an electronic unit, a pneumatic unit or a hydraulic unit which is controlled by an electronic control unit.
• a relatively simple solution is provided.
• a stepless adjusting of the stroke and thereby of the lubricating oil portion fed to each cylinder in a single pump stroke for the lubricating apparatus may be attained in an electronically controlled way.
• the system according to the invention may be used for traditional lubrication and for so-called SIP lubrication. Also, the system according to the invention may be used for regulating the stroke of a reciprocating pump which is connected to one or more lubricating points, irrespectively whether such a reciprocating pump is feeding lubricating oil directly to the lubricating points or whether the reciprocating pump is acting via a number of associated dosing pumps.
• a reciprocating pump which is connected to one or more lubricating points, irrespectively whether such a reciprocating pump is feeding lubricating oil directly to the lubricating points or whether the reciprocating pump is acting via a number of associated dosing pumps.
• a system according to the invention may either be integrated in the lubrication apparatus or be mounted as a separate unit which is associated with existing or new lubricating apparatuses.
• the system according to the invention is thus advantageous in that it may be retrofitted in existing installations, irrespectively whether these prior art lubricating apparatuses are constructed in one or the other of the above mentioned ways.
• the flow regulation is controlled by the electronic control so that the amount of lubricating oil to the individual lubricating points is regulated depending on actual need and load level.
• the regulation is performed by a stepless or stepwise adjusting of the stroke of the reciprocating pump, either up or down.
• This stepless or stepwise quantity adjustment is effected in a simple way by setting or adjusting the stroke of the reciprocating pumps. By setting to the stroke to 0 (zero), it is possible to skip a lubricating stroke.
• a programming of the electronic control may be performed.
• a lubricating apparatus which is intended for feeding ten lubricating points. A 10% reduction may thus be effected in that a lubricating point is skipped in each succeeding cycle. After 10 cycles, each of the lubricating points would have been skipped.
• lubrication of every cylinder is performed in each cycle. This lubrication will, however, not necessarily occur at every lubrication point of the cylinder.
• the method according to the invention is peculiar in that the lubricating oil portion is regulated according to customised regulating algorithms which are contained in an electronic control unit. Standard programming may be programmed into the electronic control unit, or customer-engineered regulation options may be put into the control program. Regulation adapted to different customer and/or operational requirements may thus be performed in a simple way.
• the method according to the invention is peculiar in that that the lubricating oil portion is alternately regulated between the various lubricating points in different cylinders which are lubricated by using one or more lubricating apparatuses.
• the flow regulation for controlling one or more lubricating apparatuses, and each of these lubricating apparatuses may be used for feeding a number of lubricating points in one or more cylinders.
• the invention is thus not limited to using one lubricating apparatus per cylinder and flow regulation only regulating a single lubricating apparatus.
• the invention is particularly advantageous when running in very low engine load ranges as, compared with engine lubrication without applying the invention, a saving of the amount of lubricating oil will be attained in relation to a traditional cylinder lubrication only based on the engine speed.
• the method according to the invention is peculiar in that the control includes activation of an actuator which is connected to an adjustable stop for the stroke of the piston, and which has an initial position without regulation for maximum controlled feeding of oil and which steplessly or variably in steps may reduce the controlled feeding of oil to a situation without any controlled feeding of oil.
• the actuator may be a rotatable or translational actuator. The actuator is thus capable of performing a downwards regulation and an upwards regulation ⁇ depending on the direction of the rotation/translation.
• the method according to the invention is peculiar in that changing the stroke of the reciprocating pump is performed at a time between lubricating strokes of the lubricating apparatus, and is preferably initiated by an index signal for completed controlled feeding of lubricating oil from the lubricating apparatus.
• an index signal for completed feeding of lubricating oil it will only be required to perform adjustment of the stroke between succeeding lubricating strokes. For example, at 100 revolutions per minute there may be 600 milliseconds between the lubricating strokes. This will be ample time for adjusting the stroke, even when subtracting the time used for activating the stroke adjusting device of the reciprocating pump.
• Regulation may thus be effected independently of engine revolutions, e.g. based on the index signal from the lubricating apparatus.
• different parameters may thus be used, e.g. actual engine load, signals from lubricating apparatus, pressure conditions, load conditions, customer-specific parameters, e.g. results of analyses of scrape-down, or other parameters.
• the flow regulation may thus be controlled according to regulating principles, e.g. engine speed (RPM), mean effective pressure (MEP), or engine power (BHP).
• the method and system according to the invention are peculiar in that a pump stroke is used for feeding 1 - 6 or more lubricating points in a cylinder lining.
• the system may thus be used for regulating the stroke of a reciprocating pump which is connected to one or more lubricating points, irrespectively whether such a reciprocating pump is feeding lubricating oil directly to the lubricating points or whether the reciprocating pump is acting via a series of associated dosing pumps.
• the system according to the invention is peculiar in that the regulating means includes an actuator which is connected to an adjustable stop for the stroke of the piston, and which has an initial position without regulation for maximum controlled feeding of oil and which steplessly or variably in steps may increase or reduce the controlled feeding of oil to a situation without any controlled feeding of oil.
• the regulating means includes an actuator which is connected to an adjustable stop for the stroke of the piston, and which has an initial position without regulation for maximum controlled feeding of oil and which steplessly or variably in steps may increase or reduce the controlled feeding of oil to a situation without any controlled feeding of oil.
• a system according to the present invention may, as mentioned, be used in connection with various traditional lubricating principles. It may thus be used in connection with traditional lubricating apparatuses or in connection with pressure atomiser nozzles.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic drawing of an embodiment of a system according to the invention
• Fig. 2 shows a sectional view of an embodiment of a conventionally designed lubricating apparatus modified to form a part of a system according to the invention
• FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section of the lubricating apparatus shown in Fig. 2;
• Fig. 4 shows a schematic drawing of a second embodiment of a system according to the invention;
• Fig. 5 shows a longitudinal section through an embodiment of a cylinder lubricating unit which may form part of a system according to the invention.
• Fig. 6 shows a sectional view through a basic embodiment of a further embodiment of a system according to the invention.
• Fig. 1 shows an installation or system for lubricating cylinder faces 1 in cylinders 2 in large diesel engines.
• the shown installation includes two lubricating apparatuses 3 that each have a number of piston pumps indicated by 4. Via connecting lines 5 (of which only one is illustrated for each lubricating apparatus), each of the piston pumps are connected with a lubricating point 6 disposed in the cylinder wall 7 for lubricating the cylinder surface 1 of the cylinder wall.
• the installation furthermore includes a flow regulating means in the shape of a flow regulator 8 which will be explained in more detail with reference to Figs. 2 and 3.
• the installation includes an electronic control unit 9 which is connected with the flow regulators 8 and the lubricating apparatuses 3. As indicated by 10, the control unit can receive an index signal from the lubricating apparatuses 3.
• the lubricating apparatus 3 shown in Figs. 2 and 3 has a box-shaped apparatus housing 11 which on a front wall 12 carries a row of reciprocating pump units 13, of which only one is shown in Fig. 2.
• the unit has a valve housing 14 with a lower inlet for lubricating oil, an intermediate section for accommodating a piston 15 projecting into the housing 11, and an upper outlet for the reciprocating pump 4 thus formed.
• Via a flow indicator 16 the outlet is connected to an upper connecting stub 17, and from the entire row of these stubs connecting pipes extend to the lubricating points on the associated engine cylinder, e.g. in a number of 6 - 24.
• the pistons 15 are actuated for pressing in by means of actuation cams 18 on a through-going control shaft 19 which is rotated synchronously with the crankshaft of the engine, and which is seated in bearing cases 20.
• the pistons are not actuated directly, but via thrust pads 21 on respective rocker arms 22 which are pivoting about a fixed journal 23 with eccentric end journals 24 and have upward extensions 25 that interact at the top with respective set screws 26 projecting inwards from the front wall.
• the pistons 15 are spring-loaded in direction inwards against the thrust pads 21 which they will thus keep pressed inwards until respective upper arm ends abut on the set screws 26.
• the initial position will be determined from which each of the thrust pads 21 will be pressed outwards at the passage of the associated actuating tappet 18.
• the set screw 26 is connected with the flow regulator 8 containing an electronically controlled regulating means in the form of a step motor or similar regulating means, which can be utilised for rotating the set screw 26 for regulating the stroke of the reciprocating pump 4.
• an electronically controlled regulating means in the form of a step motor or similar regulating means, which can be utilised for rotating the set screw 26 for regulating the stroke of the reciprocating pump 4.
• the flow regulator 8 will contain a number of regulating means 27 at most corresponding to the number of reciprocating pumps 4.
• each regulating means 27 is connected with the electronic control unit 9.
• the electronically controlled regulating means may thus be used for setting the stroke of the associated reciprocating pump 4. This may occur steplessly variably and regardless of the setting of the remaining reciprocating pumps.
• Fig. 4 shows a cylinder lubricating system where two cylinders 2 are shown. Each of the cylinders 2 are provided with four lubricating points 6 provided with injection units 6'. Each of the lubricating units 6' are connected via connecting lines 29 with a central lubricating unit 30 which is connected with a control valve 31. Via the line 32, the control valve 31 is connected with an electronic control unit 9. Furthermore, there is illustrated a pressure control unit 33 which also via lines 34, 35 is connected with the control unit 9, and which via lubricating oil supply lines 36, 37 are connected with the cylinder lubricating units 30.
• the cylinder lubricating units 30 are shown more clearly in Fig. 5.
• a central cylinder lubricating unit 30 is provided with a supply gate 38 for lubricating oil and a discharge gate 39 for lubricating oil.
• the control valve 31 is connected with a valve 40 regulating oil supply and discharge.
• the cylinder lubricating unit 30 comprises an actuator piston 41 provided with flanges 42. Each of the flanges 42 engage dosing pistons 43 feeding lubricating oil via gates 44 and via the connecting lines 29 to the lubricating points 6, as shown on Fig. 4.
• the unit 30 has an adjustable stop element 45 determining the travel of the actuator piston 41.
• the stop element 45 determines the stroke of the actuator piston 41 and thereby also the dosing pistons 43 that act as dosing pumps.
• a compression spring 46 pre-loads the actuator piston 41 in direction of the starting position.
• the adjustable stop element 45 is screwed into a thread 47 in the end part 48 of the unit. Screwing in the adjustable stop element 45 will thus limit the stroke of the actuator piston 41 and thereby the portion of lubricating oil discharged from the dosing pistons 43.
• the adjustable stop element 45 thus functions as adjusting device for the stroke of the reciprocating pump.
• the adjustable stop element 45 is connected with an electronically controlled regulating means 49 which in principle is constructed as the above mentioned regulating means 27. Via wires 50, the regulating means 49 is connected with the central electronic control unit 9. Electronic control of the stroke of the reciprocating pump will thus be possible so that in a flexible way it is possible to achieve a central and stepless control of the dosing to be performed at the individual lubricating points 6.
• a central cylinder lubricating unit 51 is provided with a supply gate 38 for lubricating oil and a discharge gate 39 for lubricating oil.
• the cylinder lubricating unit 51 includes an actuator piston 52 having a set screw 53 which engages a rotatable flow regulator 8. When activating the flow regulator 8, the actuator piston 52 will be displaced to the right or to the left, and thereby an end plate 54 will influence the position of dosing pistons 55 in cylinder borings 56. Springs 57 keep the dosing pistons 55 to the left and define within the cylinder borings 56 a volume 58 which determines the lubrication oil portion wanted to be delivered to injection units 59 at the lubrication points 6.
• the flow regulator 8 is comiected with the central electronic control unit 9. Electronic control of the stroke of the dosing pistons 55 will thus be possible so that in a flexible way it is possible to achieve a central and stepless control of the dosing (the volume 58) to be performed at the individual lubricating points 6.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=36927043

Family Applications (1)

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• 2005
  • 2005-02-25 DK DKPA200500292A patent/DK177024B1/da active
• 2006
  • 2006-02-27 JP JP2007556492A patent/JP5221152B2/ja active Active
  • 2006-02-27 WO PCT/DK2006/000115 patent/WO2006089558A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2006-02-27 CN CN2006800116603A patent/CN101155975B/zh active Active
  • 2006-02-27 EP EP06706086A patent/EP1851420A1/en active Pending
  • 2006-02-27 KR KR1020077021916A patent/KR101278423B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2006-02-27 TW TW095106652A patent/TW200641244A/zh unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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