EP1850952A1 - Mixer comprising mixing tools which are driven by the rotation of the bowl - Google Patents

Mixer comprising mixing tools which are driven by the rotation of the bowl

Info

Publication number
EP1850952A1
EP1850952A1 EP06709326A EP06709326A EP1850952A1 EP 1850952 A1 EP1850952 A1 EP 1850952A1 EP 06709326 A EP06709326 A EP 06709326A EP 06709326 A EP06709326 A EP 06709326A EP 1850952 A1 EP1850952 A1 EP 1850952A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tank
mixing
tools
mixer
mixer according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP06709326A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1850952B1 (en
Inventor
Gerard Fisson
Pascal Ricard
Laurent Jaunet
Guillaume Vannier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
VMI SA
Original Assignee
VMI SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR0501516A external-priority patent/FR2881969B1/en
Application filed by VMI SA filed Critical VMI SA
Publication of EP1850952A1 publication Critical patent/EP1850952A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1850952B1 publication Critical patent/EP1850952B1/en
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F29/00—Mixers with rotating receptacles
    • B01F29/90—Mixers with rotating receptacles with stirrers having planetary motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/70—Mixers specially adapted for working at sub- or super-atmospheric pressure, e.g. combined with de-foaming

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mixer, particularly a mixer, provided with several mixing tools and an installation comprising such a mixer.
  • Such mixers can be used in all areas of industrial mixing such as the production of dough for the bakery or the mixture of powders, meats, salads.
  • the kneaders must be arranged to subject the dough a succession of shears and stretches inside the tank.
  • - oblique-axis kneaders comprising a tank of rotating revolution and rotary mixing tools (whose axis is oblique) plunging into the tank;
  • spiral kneaders also comprising a tank of rotating revolution and rotary mixing tools immersed in the tank;
  • mixers of the prior art have mainly disadvantages related to the presence of tools diving by the above the tank, making access to it difficult when loading and unloading the material to be mixed.
  • Some of these mixers have heads carrying lifting tools that release the tool from the tank but do not offer completely free access.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome these disadvantages of the prior art, while ensuring a succession of stretching / shearing of the dough which is optimal for kneading a food dough based on flour and water.
  • the invention has as a first object a mixer comprising at least two mixing tools, a frame supporting on the one hand a tank for containing the material to be mixed and on the other hand motorization means for driving in rotation the mixing tools characterized in that each mixing tool comprises a shaft rotatably mounted in the bottom of the tank and which cooperates with the drive means causing the rotation of said mixing tools.
  • the mixing tools are fixed on the bottom of the tank, the top of the tank is completely released for loading and unloading operations as well as for the addition of ingredients during preparation.
  • the drive means further drive the vessel in rotation and the bottom of the vessel is integral with a shaft connected to the drive means for driving the vessel in rotation, so that the rotation of the vessel causes the rotation said mixing tools.
  • the frame no longer having to provide complex support functions for the different engines, the tank and the tools, is reduced to a simple support of the tank assembly - motorization - transmission.
  • the tank intended to turn on itself during mixing, is preferably a volume of revolution, for example a cylinder, but it can also take other forms, for example substantially oblong.
  • An embodiment in which the tank is substantially oblong improves the shearing and stretching of the dough.
  • the motorization means of the mixer comprise a geared motor connected to the shaft integral with the tank, a ring gear traversed by said shaft, free with respect to this shaft and integral with the geared motor, in that each shaft of the mixing tools carries a pinion in direct engagement with said ring gear.
  • the ring gear can be provided with an external toothing, the pinions carried by the axes of the mixing tools meshing on the outer perimeter of the ring gear or, alternatively, it can be provided with an internal toothing, the pinions eng then rebant on the inner perimeter of the ring gear.
  • said gears and said notched crown are situated substantially in the same plane and, instead of being in direct contact, are engaged by means of a synchronous transmission means such that a toothed belt or chain.
  • the ring gear carries as many stages of teeth as there are gears to be driven, and a chain or belt connects each pinion to the corresponding toothed stage of the ring gear.
  • another embodiment may be provided in which the mixing tank is mounted on a tilting device making it possible to form an angle ⁇ between the axis of rotation of the tank. and the vertical.
  • This arrangement has the advantage of allowing the inclination of the tank during mixing so as to help the gravity to promote the circulation of the material to be mixed in the tank.
  • the tilting capacity of the mixer can also be used to facilitate the loading and unloading of the material.
  • the frame may comprise, in its parts in contact with the ground, catches intended to cooperate with the forks of a forklift to move the mixer to an unloading zone, possibly at altitude, and proceed unloading by tilting the tank.
  • the mixing tank may for example comprise a liftable lid for mixing in a closed chamber for safety reasons.
  • such a cover can be arranged to form, when it is in the closed position, forming with the tank a sealed enclosure comprising a device for injecting or pumping gas intended to create in said sealed enclosure a mixing atmosphere. or controlled kneading. In particular, depending on the desired kneading process, it is possible to provide partial or pressurized mixing of neutral gas or oxygen enriched gas.
  • the mixing tank may comprise, in the thickness of its walls, a device for circulating heating or cooling fluids in order to carry out controlled temperature mixtures.
  • the invention applies more particularly to a food dough mixer based on flour and water, wherein the mixing tools are kneading tools.
  • the invention also relates to an installation comprising a mixer as described above and a device for discharging the mixed material.
  • Such an installation comprises a tilting bowl mixer, a hopper and a device for conveying the mixed material, these three elements being arranged in such a way that, at the end of mixing, the tilting of the mixer tank causes the fall of the mixer. mixed material in the hopper, the latter directing said mixed material to the conveying device.
  • the mixer is mounted on an integrated elevator allowing the discharge of the mixed material into a hopper at altitude.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of a mixer according to the invention, the tank, the motor and transmission being sectional views;
  • FIG. 2 is a view from above of the mixer of FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the mixer of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a mixer according to another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 represents an installation according to the invention.
  • FIG. 6 represents an installation according to another embodiment of the invention
  • Fig ure 7 is a perspective view of a three-tool kneader according to the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a side view of a variant of the embodiments of Figures 1 or 7 wherein the vessel is provided with a lid.
  • the mixer 1 represented in FIGS. 1 to 8 consists of a frame 2 forming a base pivotally connected along a horizontal axis with the support 3 of a geared motor 4.
  • a tank 5, intended to contain the material to be mixed, and rotary mixing tools 6a, 6b form an assembly supported by the geared motor 4.
  • the geared motor 4 comprises a plateau output shaft 7 on which is fixed the mixing tank 5 so that the rotation of said shaft 7 causes the rotation of the tank 5 in its axial direction.
  • a ring gear 8 is fixed on the body of the geared motor 4, between the geared motor 4 and the bottom of the tank 5 and surrounding the output shaft 7 of the geared motor 4, the axial direction of the gear 8 being coincident with the axis of rotation of the tank 5 and the output shaft 7 of the geared motor.
  • the two mixing tools 6a, 6b mounted on either side of the axis of rotation of the tank 5, each consist of two arms welded to a shaft rotatably mounted in a sealed bearing 9a, 9b integral with the bottom of the the tank 5.
  • Each of these The shaft opens out from the outer wall of the bottom of the tank 5, on the side of the geared motor 4, and comprises, fixed at this end, a pinion 10a, 10b engraining on the ring gear 8.
  • the arms of each of the tools are located in planes perpendicular to each other and said tools scan volumes interlocking one into the other.
  • the mixer which is a kneader, comprises three mixing tools, or kneading tools, 6a-6c, arranged at 120 ° from each other about the axis of rotation of the tank, these tools sweeping volumes interlocking into each other.
  • each kneading tool is arranged so as to scan a volume whose envelope is on the one hand tangent to the inner periphery of the tank and on the other hand extends close to the center of the bowl. tank.
  • the kneader according to the invention makes it possible, during the rotation of the tools, to obtain a shear zone of the dough in the vicinity of the center of the vessel and stretching zones of the dough between the inner periphery of the vessel. and each of the tools.
  • the shear zone is double because formed by two arms of each of the tools that turn in opposite directions, while with three tools, the shear zone is threefold.
  • Concerning the stretch zones they are made particularly efficiently because of the joint rotation of the tank and the tools.
  • the vessel comprises a liftable lid.
  • the lid 20 is mounted on the tank 5 by means of an articulated arm 21 to the frame 2 so as to close the tank 5 hermetically.
  • a seal may be provided in contact between the tank 5 and the lid 20.
  • the lid comprises a secure hatch 22 for introducing the ingredients of the dough, which limits the contact between the operator and the dust of said ingredients when they are introduced into the tank.
  • Figure 8 also shows a swivel 23 which is arranged to be associated with the hatch 22 so as to allow the injection of a gas or pumping.
  • the assembly - mixing tool - motorization - transmission is thus carried by the support 3 of the geared motor 4 and can tilt relative to the frame 2.
  • the mixer 1 which has just been described operates as indicated below.
  • the tank 5 is rotated by the gear motor 4. This movement of revolution of the tank 5 causes the axes of the mixing tools 6a, 6b to describe a circular path around the axis of rotation of the tank 5, by rolling the pinions 10a, 10b on the fixed ring gear 8, thereby causing the tools 6a, 6b to rotate.
  • the tank can be fixed and only the mixing tools 6a and 6b are rotated by the drive means.
  • the general design of the mixer is such that the assembly comprising the tank 5, the geared motor 4 and the transmission means is in pivot connection with the base 2 and allows to tilt the tank 5 so that the axis of rotation the tank 5 forms an angle ⁇ with the vertical (see Figure 1).
  • a very simple unloading can be provided by equipping the mixer with sockets 11 for forklift forks and, at the time of unloading, bring the mixer to the desired location and height, and allow the bowl to rock to empty.
  • Figure 4 gives an example of such a mixer.
  • Figure 6 depicts a mixer attached to a riser 14 and discharging into an elevated hopper.

Abstract

The invention relates to a mixer comprising tools (6a, 6b) and a frame which supports (i) a bowl (5) for the material to be mixed and (ii) motorization means (4, 8) for rotating the mixing tools (6a, 6b). According to the invention, each mixing tool (6a, 6b) comprises a shaft which is mounted to the base of the bowl (5) such that it can rotate and which co-operates with the motorization means (4, 8) in order to rotate the mixing tools (6a, 6b).

Description

MELANGEUR A OUTILS DE MELANGE ENTRAÎNES PAR LA ROTATION DE LA CUVE MIXING TOOL MIXER DRIVEN BY THE ROTATION OF THE TANK
L'invention concerne un mélangeur, notamment un pétrin, muni de plusieurs outils de mélange ainsi qu'une installation comprenant un tel mélangeur.The invention relates to a mixer, particularly a mixer, provided with several mixing tools and an installation comprising such a mixer.
De tels mélangeurs peuvent être utilisés dans tous les domaines du mélange industriel comme par exemple la réalisation de pâte pour la boulangerie ou le mélange de poudres, de viandes, de salades.Such mixers can be used in all areas of industrial mixing such as the production of dough for the bakery or the mixture of powders, meats, salads.
Pour assurer un bon pétrissage de la pâte alimentaire, notamment de boulangerie, les pétrins doivent être agencés pour faire subir à la pâte une succession de cisaillements et d'étirements à l'intérieur de la cuve.To ensure a good kneading of the pasta, especially bakery, the kneaders must be arranged to subject the dough a succession of shears and stretches inside the tank.
Dans l'art antérieur, on connaît trois types de mélangeurs destinés à ces applications :In the prior art, three types of mixers are known for these applications:
- les pétrins à axe oblique, comportant une cuve de révolution tournante et des outils de mélange rotatifs (dont l'axe est oblique) plongeant dans la cuve ;- oblique-axis kneaders, comprising a tank of rotating revolution and rotary mixing tools (whose axis is oblique) plunging into the tank;
- les pétrins à spirales, comportant également une cuve de révolution tournante et des outils de mélange rotatifs plongeant dans la cuve ;spiral kneaders, also comprising a tank of rotating revolution and rotary mixing tools immersed in the tank;
- les batteurs, comportant une cuve fixe et des outils de mélange rotatifs plongeant dans la cuve et dont l'axe de rotation décrit un cercle à l'intérieur de la cuve.- Drummers, with a fixed bowl and rotating mixing tools immersed in the tank and whose axis of rotation describes a circle inside the tank.
Ces mélangeurs de l'art antérieur présentent principalement des inconvénients liés à la présence d'outils plongeant par le dessus la cuve, rendant l'accès à celle-ci difficile lors du chargement et du déchargement de la matière à mélanger.These mixers of the prior art have mainly disadvantages related to the presence of tools diving by the above the tank, making access to it difficult when loading and unloading the material to be mixed.
Certains de ces mélangeurs disposent de têtes porteuses d'outils relevables qui dégagent l'outil de la cuve mais n'offrent pas un accès complètement libre.Some of these mixers have heads carrying lifting tools that release the tool from the tank but do not offer completely free access.
Par ailleurs, la configuration à outils plongeants et cuve tournante des pétrins à axe oblique et des pétrins à spirales ne permet pas de rendre la cuve étanche pendant le mélange, rendant ainsi impossibles les mélanges sous vide ou sous pression.In addition, the configuration with plunging tools and rotating bowl kneaders with oblique axis and spiral kneaders does not make the tank tight during mixing, thus making it impossible to mix under vacuum or under pressure.
D'autre part, les parties mécaniques assurant les transmissions et la rotation des outils des mélangeurs de type batteur sont complexes et d'un coût de fabrication élevé.On the other hand, the mechanical parts ensuring the transmissions and the rotation of the tools of mixer type drummer are complex and a high manufacturing cost.
Le but de l'invention est de pallier ces inconvénients de l'art antérieur, tout en assurant une succession d'étirement / cisaillement de la pâte qui soit optimale pour le pétrissage d'une pâte alimentaire à base de farine et d'eau.The object of the invention is to overcome these disadvantages of the prior art, while ensuring a succession of stretching / shearing of the dough which is optimal for kneading a food dough based on flour and water.
A cet effet, l'invention a comme premier objet un mélangeur comprenant au moins deux outils de mélange, un bâti supportant d'une part une cuve pour contenir la matière à mélanger et d'autre part des moyens de motorisation pour entraîner en rotation les outils de mélange caractérisé en ce que chaque outil de mélange comprend un arbre monté en rotation dans le fond de la cuve et qui coopère avec les moyens de motorisation provoquant la rotation desdits outils de mélange. Les outils de mélange étant fixés sur le fond de la cuve, le dessus de celle-ci est complètement libéré pour les opérations de chargement et de déchargement ainsi que pour l'ajout d'ingrédients pendant la préparation .For this purpose, the invention has as a first object a mixer comprising at least two mixing tools, a frame supporting on the one hand a tank for containing the material to be mixed and on the other hand motorization means for driving in rotation the mixing tools characterized in that each mixing tool comprises a shaft rotatably mounted in the bottom of the tank and which cooperates with the drive means causing the rotation of said mixing tools. The mixing tools are fixed on the bottom of the tank, the top of the tank is completely released for loading and unloading operations as well as for the addition of ingredients during preparation.
Selon une réalisation, les moyens de motorisation entraînent en outre la cuve en rotation et le fond de la cuve est solidaire d'un arbre relié aux moyens de motorisation pour entraîner la cuve en rotation, de sorte que la rotation de la cuve provoque la rotation desdits outils de mélange.According to one embodiment, the drive means further drive the vessel in rotation and the bottom of the vessel is integral with a shaft connected to the drive means for driving the vessel in rotation, so that the rotation of the vessel causes the rotation said mixing tools.
Le principe d 'entraînement des outils par la rotation de la cuve permet de n'employer q u'une seule motorisation associée à une transmission très simple et compacte participant ainsi à une machine simple, fiable et d'un coût de fabrication bien inférieur aux réalisations de l'art antérieur.The principle of driving the tools by the rotation of the tank makes it possible to use only a single motorization associated with a very simple and compact transmission thus participating in a simple machine, reliable and a manufacturing cost much lower than achievements of the prior art.
De même, le bâti, n'ayant plus à assurer des fonctions complexes de support des différentes motorisations, de la cuve et des outils, se réduit à un simple support de l'ensemble cuve - motorisation - transmission .Likewise, the frame, no longer having to provide complex support functions for the different engines, the tank and the tools, is reduced to a simple support of the tank assembly - motorization - transmission.
La cuve, destinée à tourner sur elle-même pendant le mélange, est de préférence un volume de révolution , par exemple un cylindre, mais elle peut également prendre d'autres formes, par exemple sensiblement oblongue.The tank, intended to turn on itself during mixing, is preferably a volume of revolution, for example a cylinder, but it can also take other forms, for example substantially oblong.
Une réalisation dans laquelle la cuve est sensiblement oblongue permet d'améliorer le cisaillement et l'étirement de la pâte.An embodiment in which the tank is substantially oblong improves the shearing and stretching of the dough.
Selon un mode de réalisation , les moyens de motorisation d u mélangeur comprennent un moto-réducteur relié à l'arbre solidaire de la cuve, une couronne dentée traversée par ledit arbre, libre par rapport à cet arbre et solidaire du moto- réducteur, en ce que chaque arbre des outils de mélange porte un pignon en prise directe avec ladite couronne dentée.According to one embodiment, the motorization means of the mixer comprise a geared motor connected to the shaft integral with the tank, a ring gear traversed by said shaft, free with respect to this shaft and integral with the geared motor, in that each shaft of the mixing tools carries a pinion in direct engagement with said ring gear.
La couronne dentée peut être pourvue d'une denture extérieure, les pignons portés par les axes des outils de mélange engrenant sur le périmètre externe de la couronne dentée ou bien, en variante, elle peut être pourvue d'une denture intérieure, les pignons eng renant alors sur le périmètre interne de la couronne dentée.The ring gear can be provided with an external toothing, the pinions carried by the axes of the mixing tools meshing on the outer perimeter of the ring gear or, alternatively, it can be provided with an internal toothing, the pinions eng then rebant on the inner perimeter of the ring gear.
Dans une variante de ce mode de réalisation, lesdits pignons et ladite couron ne dentée sont situés sensiblement dans le même plan et, plutôt que d'être en prise directe, sont en prise par l'intermédiaire d' un moyen de transmission synchrone tel qu'une courroie crantée ou une chaîne. Dans ce cas, la couronne dentée porte autant d'étages de denture qu'il y a de pignons à entraîner, et une chaîne ou courroie relie chaque pignon à l'étage denté correspondant de la couronne.In a variant of this embodiment, said gears and said notched crown are situated substantially in the same plane and, instead of being in direct contact, are engaged by means of a synchronous transmission means such that a toothed belt or chain. In this case, the ring gear carries as many stages of teeth as there are gears to be driven, and a chain or belt connects each pinion to the corresponding toothed stage of the ring gear.
Afin d'améliorer l'efficacité de la phase de mélange, il peut être prévu un autre mode de réalisation dans lequel la cuve de mélange est montée sur un dispositif de basculement permettant de former un angle a entre l'axe de rotation de la cuve et la verticale.In order to improve the efficiency of the mixing phase, another embodiment may be provided in which the mixing tank is mounted on a tilting device making it possible to form an angle α between the axis of rotation of the tank. and the vertical.
Cette disposition a l'avantage de permettre l'inclinaison de la cuve pendant le mélange de manière à s'aider de la gravité pour favoriser la circulation de la matière à mélanger dans la cuve. La capacité d ' inclinaison d u mélangeur peut aussi être util isée pour faciliter le chargement et le déchargement de la matière.This arrangement has the advantage of allowing the inclination of the tank during mixing so as to help the gravity to promote the circulation of the material to be mixed in the tank. The tilting capacity of the mixer can also be used to facilitate the loading and unloading of the material.
Dans cette optique, le bâti peut comprendre, dans ses parties en contact avec le sol , des prises destinées à coopérer avec les fourches d' un chariot élévateur afi n de déplacer le mélangeur vers une zone de déchargement, éventuellement en altitude, et de procéder au déchargement en faisant basculer la cuve.In this context, the frame may comprise, in its parts in contact with the ground, catches intended to cooperate with the forks of a forklift to move the mixer to an unloading zone, possibly at altitude, and proceed unloading by tilting the tank.
II est également envisageable de doter le mélangeur de caractéristiq ues supplémentaires pou r des mélanges particuliers.It is also conceivable to provide the mixer with additional features for particular mixtures.
La cuve de mélange peut par exemple comprendre un couvercle relevable permettant le mélange dans une enceinte fermée pour des raisons de sécurité.The mixing tank may for example comprise a liftable lid for mixing in a closed chamber for safety reasons.
De plus, un tel couvercle peut être agencé pour, lorsq u'i l est en position fermée, former avec la cuve une enceinte étanche comprenant un dispositif d' injection ou de pompage de gaz destiné à créer dans ladite enceinte étanche une atmosphère de mélange ou pétrissage contrôlée. En particul ier, en fonction d u procédé de pétrissage souhaité, on peut prévoi r un pétrissage sous vid e partiel ou sous pression de gaz neutre ou de gaz enrichi en oxygène.In addition, such a cover can be arranged to form, when it is in the closed position, forming with the tank a sealed enclosure comprising a device for injecting or pumping gas intended to create in said sealed enclosure a mixing atmosphere. or controlled kneading. In particular, depending on the desired kneading process, it is possible to provide partial or pressurized mixing of neutral gas or oxygen enriched gas.
De même , la cuve de mélange peut comprend re, dans l'épaisseur de ses parois , un dispositif de circulation de fluides de chauffage ou de refroid issement afi n de procéder à des mélanges à température contrôlée. L'invention s'applique plus particulièrement à un pétrin pour pâte alimentaire à base de farine et d'eau , dans lequel les outils de mélange sont des outils de pétrissage.Likewise, the mixing tank may comprise, in the thickness of its walls, a device for circulating heating or cooling fluids in order to carry out controlled temperature mixtures. The invention applies more particularly to a food dough mixer based on flour and water, wherein the mixing tools are kneading tools.
L'invention a également pour objet une installation comprenant un mélangeur tel que décrit précédemment ainsi qu'un dispositif de déchargement de la matière mélangée.The invention also relates to an installation comprising a mixer as described above and a device for discharging the mixed material.
Une telle installation comprend un mélangeur à cuve basculante, une trémie et un dispositif de convoyage de la matière mélangée, ces trois éléments étant agencés de tel le sorte que, en fin de mélange, le basculement de la cuve du mélangeur provoque la chute de la matière mélangée dans la trémie, celle-ci orientant lad ite matière mélangée vers le dispositif de convoyage.Such an installation comprises a tilting bowl mixer, a hopper and a device for conveying the mixed material, these three elements being arranged in such a way that, at the end of mixing, the tilting of the mixer tank causes the fall of the mixer. mixed material in the hopper, the latter directing said mixed material to the conveying device.
Dans un mode de réalisation de l'installation , le mélangeur est monté sur un élévateur intégré permettant le déversement de la matière mélangée dans u ne trémie en altitude.In one embodiment of the installation, the mixer is mounted on an integrated elevator allowing the discharge of the mixed material into a hopper at altitude.
D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront encore dans la description ci-après relative aux dessins an nexés, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs :Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the following description relating to the attached drawings, given as non-limiting examples:
- la figure 1 est une vue latérale d'un mélangeur selon l'invention, la cuve, la motorisation et la transmission étant vues en coupe ;- Figure 1 is a side view of a mixer according to the invention, the tank, the motor and transmission being sectional views;
- la figure 2 est une vue de dessus du mélangeur de la figureFIG. 2 is a view from above of the mixer of FIG.
1 ; - la figure 3 est une vue en perspective du mélangeur de la fig ure 1 ;1; FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the mixer of FIG. 1;
- la fig ure 4 est une vue en perspective d'un mélangeur selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention ; - la figure 5 représente une installation selon l'invention ;FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a mixer according to another embodiment of the invention; FIG. 5 represents an installation according to the invention;
- la figure 6 représente une installation selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention ; la fig ure 7 est une vue en perspective d'un pétrin à trois outils selon l'invention ;FIG. 6 represents an installation according to another embodiment of the invention; Fig ure 7 is a perspective view of a three-tool kneader according to the invention;
- la figure 8 est une vue de côté d'une variante des modes de réalisation des figures 1 ou 7 dans laquelle la cuve est pourvue d' un couvercle .- Figure 8 is a side view of a variant of the embodiments of Figures 1 or 7 wherein the vessel is provided with a lid.
Le mélangeur 1 représenté sur les figures 1 à 8 est constitué d'un bâti 2 formant un socle en liaison pivot selon un axe horizontal avec le support 3 d'un moto-réducteur 4.The mixer 1 represented in FIGS. 1 to 8 consists of a frame 2 forming a base pivotally connected along a horizontal axis with the support 3 of a geared motor 4.
Une cuve 5, destinée à conten ir la matière à mélanger, et des outils 6a, 6b de mélange rotatifs forment un ensemble supporté par le moto-réducteur 4.A tank 5, intended to contain the material to be mixed, and rotary mixing tools 6a, 6b form an assembly supported by the geared motor 4.
Plus précisément, le moto-réducteur 4 comporte un arbre 7 de sortie à plateau sur lequel est fixée la cuve 5 de mélange de manière que la rotation dudit arbre 7 entraîne la rotation de la cuve 5 suivant sa direction axiale.More specifically, the geared motor 4 comprises a plateau output shaft 7 on which is fixed the mixing tank 5 so that the rotation of said shaft 7 causes the rotation of the tank 5 in its axial direction.
Une couronne dentée 8 est fixée sur le corps du moto- réducteur 4, entre le moto-réducteur 4 et le fond de la cuve 5 et entourant l'arbre 7 de sortie du moto-réducteur 4, la direction axiale de la roue dentée 8 étant confondue avec l'axe de rotation de la cuve 5 et de l'arbre 7 de sortie d u moto-réducteur.A ring gear 8 is fixed on the body of the geared motor 4, between the geared motor 4 and the bottom of the tank 5 and surrounding the output shaft 7 of the geared motor 4, the axial direction of the gear 8 being coincident with the axis of rotation of the tank 5 and the output shaft 7 of the geared motor.
Les deux outils de mélange 6a, 6b, montés de part et d'autre de l'axe de rotation de la cuve 5, sont constitués chacun de deux bras soudés sur un arbre monté tournant dans un palier étanche 9a, 9b solidaire du fond de la cuve 5. Chacun de ces arbres débouche de la paroi externe du fond de la cuve 5, du côté du moto-réducteur 4, et comprend, fixé à cette extrémité, un pignon 10a, 10b engrainant sur la couronne dentée 8.The two mixing tools 6a, 6b, mounted on either side of the axis of rotation of the tank 5, each consist of two arms welded to a shaft rotatably mounted in a sealed bearing 9a, 9b integral with the bottom of the the tank 5. Each of these The shaft opens out from the outer wall of the bottom of the tank 5, on the side of the geared motor 4, and comprises, fixed at this end, a pinion 10a, 10b engraining on the ring gear 8.
Les bras de chacun des outils sont situés dans des plans perpendiculaires entre eux et lesdits outils balayent des volumes s'imbriquant l'un dans l'autre.The arms of each of the tools are located in planes perpendicular to each other and said tools scan volumes interlocking one into the other.
Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 7, le mélangeur, qui est un pétrin, comprend trois outils de mélange, ou outils de pétrissage, 6a-6c, disposés à 120° les uns des autres autour de l'axe de rotation de la cuve, ces outils balayant des volumes s'imbriquant les uns dans les autres.In the embodiment of Figure 7, the mixer, which is a kneader, comprises three mixing tools, or kneading tools, 6a-6c, arranged at 120 ° from each other about the axis of rotation of the tank, these tools sweeping volumes interlocking into each other.
Dans les deux modes de réalisation décrits, chaque outil de pétrissage est agencé de sorte à balayer un volume dont l'enveloppe est d'une part tangente à la périphérie interne de la cuve et d'autre part s'étend à proximité du centre de la cuve.In the two embodiments described, each kneading tool is arranged so as to scan a volume whose envelope is on the one hand tangent to the inner periphery of the tank and on the other hand extends close to the center of the bowl. tank.
Ainsi, le pétrin selon l'invention permet, lors de la rotation des outils, d'obtenir une zone de cisaillement de la pâte au voisinage du centre de la cuve et des zones d'étirement de ladite pâte entre la périphérie interne de la cuve et chacun des outils. En particulier, avec deux outils, la zone de cisaillement est double car formée par deux bras de chacun des outils qui tournent en sens inverse, alors qu'avec trois outils, la zone de cisaillement est triple. Concernant les zones d'étirement, elles sont réalisées de façon particulièrement efficace du fait de la rotation conjointe de la cuve et des outils. Ces réalisations permettent d'obtenir une succession de cisaillements et d'étirements de la pâte, ce qui est bénéfique pour un bon pétrissage d'une pâte alimentaire à base de farine et d'eau.Thus, the kneader according to the invention makes it possible, during the rotation of the tools, to obtain a shear zone of the dough in the vicinity of the center of the vessel and stretching zones of the dough between the inner periphery of the vessel. and each of the tools. In particular, with two tools, the shear zone is double because formed by two arms of each of the tools that turn in opposite directions, while with three tools, the shear zone is threefold. Concerning the stretch zones, they are made particularly efficiently because of the joint rotation of the tank and the tools. These achievements make it possible to obtain a succession of shears and stretches of the dough, which is beneficial for a good kneading of a pasta made from flour and water.
Dans d'autres modes de réalisation, on peut prévoir un nombre d'outils différents ou de forme différentes de sorte à modifier la nature ou le nombre des zones d'étirement / cisaillement de la pâte.In other embodiments, it is possible to provide a number of different tools or of different shape so as to modify the nature or the number of stretching zones / shearing of the dough.
Selon une variante des modes de réalisation du pétrin selon l'invention, on peut prévoir que la cuve comprenne un couvercle 20 relevable. Selon la représentation de la figure 8, le couvercle 20 est monté sur la cuve 5 au moyen d'un bras articulé 21 au bâti 2 de sorte à pouvoir fermer la cuve 5 de façon hermétique. En particulier, un joint peut être prévu au contact entre la cuve 5 et le couvercle 20.According to a variant of the embodiments of the kneader according to the invention, it can be provided that the vessel comprises a liftable lid. According to the representation of Figure 8, the lid 20 is mounted on the tank 5 by means of an articulated arm 21 to the frame 2 so as to close the tank 5 hermetically. In particular, a seal may be provided in contact between the tank 5 and the lid 20.
En outre, le couvercle comprend une trappe sécurisée 22 d'introduction des ingrédients de la pâte à pétrir, ce qui permet de limiter les contacts entre l'opérateur et la poussière desdits ingrédients lorsque ceux-ci sont introduits dans la cuve. La figure 8 montre également un raccord tournant 23 qui est agencé pour être associé à la trappe 22 de sorte à permettre l'injection d'un gaz ou le pompage.In addition, the lid comprises a secure hatch 22 for introducing the ingredients of the dough, which limits the contact between the operator and the dust of said ingredients when they are introduced into the tank. Figure 8 also shows a swivel 23 which is arranged to be associated with the hatch 22 so as to allow the injection of a gas or pumping.
L'ensemble cuve - outils de mélange - motorisation - transmission est ainsi porté par le support 3 du moto- réducteur 4 et peut s'incliner par rapport au bâti 2.The assembly - mixing tool - motorization - transmission is thus carried by the support 3 of the geared motor 4 and can tilt relative to the frame 2.
Le mélangeur 1 que l'on vient de décrire fonctionne de la manière indiquée ci-après. La cuve 5 est entraînée en rotation par le moto-réducteur 4. Ce mouvement de révolution de la cuve 5 entraîne les axes des outils de mélange 6a, 6b à décrire une trajectoire circulaire, autour de l'axe de rotation de la cuve 5, en faisant rouler les pignons 10a, 10b sur la couronne dentée fixe 8, provoquant ainsi la rotation des outils 6a, 6b.The mixer 1 which has just been described operates as indicated below. The tank 5 is rotated by the gear motor 4. This movement of revolution of the tank 5 causes the axes of the mixing tools 6a, 6b to describe a circular path around the axis of rotation of the tank 5, by rolling the pinions 10a, 10b on the fixed ring gear 8, thereby causing the tools 6a, 6b to rotate.
Selon une réalisation, la cuve peut être fixe et seule les outils de mélange 6a et 6b sont entraînés en rotation par les moyens de motorisation.In one embodiment, the tank can be fixed and only the mixing tools 6a and 6b are rotated by the drive means.
La conception générale du mélangeur est telle que l'ensemble comprenant la cuve 5, le moto-réducteur 4 et les moyens de transmission est en liaison pivot avec le socle 2 et permet d'incliner la cuve 5 de sorte que l'axe de rotation de la cuve 5 forme un angle α avec la verticale (voir figure 1).The general design of the mixer is such that the assembly comprising the tank 5, the geared motor 4 and the transmission means is in pivot connection with the base 2 and allows to tilt the tank 5 so that the axis of rotation the tank 5 forms an angle α with the vertical (see Figure 1).
Il est ainsi possible de former un angle α pendant le mélange, ceci permettant d'augmenter l'efficacité du mélange vis-à-vis des zones mortes c'est-à-dire des volumes de la cuve 5 qui ne sont pas balayés par les outils 6a, 6b et où la matière mélangée a tendance à stagner.It is thus possible to form an angle α during the mixing, this making it possible to increase the efficiency of the mixture with respect to dead zones, that is to say volumes of the tank 5 which are not swept by the tools 6a, 6b and where the mixed material tends to stagnate.
Avec une inclinaison appropriée durant la phase de mélange, la matière se trouvant dans les zones mortes tombe par gravité dans les volumes balayés par les outils.With proper inclination during the mixing phase, the material in the dead zones falls by gravity into the volumes swept by the tools.
Il est aussi possible d'utiliser les possibilités d'inclinaison de la cuve 5, en fin de mélange, à des fins de déchargement de la matière mélangée.It is also possible to use the tilting possibilities of the tank 5, at the end of mixing, for the purpose of unloading the mixed material.
On peut prévoir un déchargement très simple en équipant le mélangeur de prises 11 pour fourches de chariot élévateur et, au moment du déchargement, porter le mélangeur à l'endroit et à la hauteur voulue pu is faire basculer fortement la cuve de manière à la vider. La figure 4 donne un exemple d'un tel mélangeur.A very simple unloading can be provided by equipping the mixer with sockets 11 for forklift forks and, at the time of unloading, bring the mixer to the desired location and height, and allow the bowl to rock to empty. Figure 4 gives an example of such a mixer.
Des installations permettant le déchargement sont également présentées aux figures 5 et 6.Facilities for unloading are also shown in Figures 5 and 6.
Sur la figure 5, il s'agit d'un mélangeur fixé à la hauteur d u sol, déversant dans u ne trémie 12 en contrebas.In Figure 5, it is a mixer attached to the height of the soil, pouring into a hopper 12 below.
La figure 6 décrit un mélangeur fixé sur une colonne élévatrice 14 et déversant dans une trémie 15 en altitude.Figure 6 depicts a mixer attached to a riser 14 and discharging into an elevated hopper.
La machine décrite ci-dessus présente notamment les avantages de :The machine described above has the advantages of:
- permettre un accès total à la cuve 5 pour la phase de chargement ou de déchargement ;allow full access to the tank 5 for the loading or unloading phase;
- disposer d'un mécanisme simple et robuste donc fiable ; - être réalisable à un coût inférieur à celui des machines équivalentes grâce à la réduction du nombre et à la simplification des pièces en mouvement ;- have a simple and robust mechanism so reliable; - be feasible at a lower cost than equivalent machines by reducing the number and simplification of moving parts;
- permettre un pétrissage sous atmosphère contrôlée ;- allow mixing under a controlled atmosphere;
- limiter les contacts entre l'opérateur et les poussières issues des ingrédients de la pâte à pétrir ;- limit contact between the operator and the dust from the ingredients of the dough to knead;
- fournir des zones de cisaillement et d'étirement de la pâte qui sont modulables et dont la cinématique est adaptée pour un pétrissage optimal d'une pâte alimentaire à base de farine et d'eau. - Provide shear zones and stretching of the dough that are flexible and whose kinematics is suitable for an optimal kneading of a dough based on flour and water.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Mélangeur (1) comprenant au moins deux outils (6a, 6b) de mélange, un bâti (2) supportant d'une part une cuve (5) pour contenir la matière à mélanger et d'autre part des moyens (4, 8) de motorisation pour entraîner en rotation les outils de mélange (6a, 6b) caractérisé en ce que chaque outil (6a, 6b) de mélange comprend un arbre monté en rotation dans le fond de la cuve (5) et qui coopère avec les moyens de motorisation (4, 8) provoquant la rotation desdits outils (6a, 6b) de mélange.1. Mixer (1) comprising at least two mixing tools (6a, 6b), a frame (2) supporting on the one hand a tank (5) for containing the material to be mixed and on the other hand means (4, 8) for driving the mixing tools (6a, 6b) in rotation, characterized in that each mixing tool (6a, 6b) comprises a shaft rotatably mounted in the bottom of the tank (5) and which cooperates with the motorization means (4, 8) causing the rotation of said mixing tools (6a, 6b).
2. Mélangeur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de motorisation (4, 8) entraînent en outre la cuve (5) en rotation, le fond de ladite cuve (5) étant solidaire d'un arbre (7) relié aux moyens (4, 8) de motorisation pour entraîner la cuve (5) en rotation, de sorte que la rotation de la cuve (5) provoque la rotation des outils de mélange (6a, 6b).2. Mixer according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive means (4, 8) further drive the vessel (5) in rotation, the bottom of said vessel (5) being integral with a shaft (7) connected the motor means (4, 8) for driving the tank (5) in rotation, so that the rotation of the tank (5) causes the rotation of the mixing tools (6a, 6b).
3. Mélangeur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de motorisation comprennent un moto-réducteur (4) relié à l'arbre (7) solidaire de la cuve (5), une couronne dentée (8) traversée par ledit arbre (7), libre par rapport à cet arbre (7) et solidaire du moto-réducteur (4), en ce que chaque arbre des outils (6a, 6b) de mélange porte un pignon (10a ; 10b) en prise directe avec ladite couronne dentée (8).3. Mixer according to claim 2, characterized in that the drive means comprise a geared motor (4) connected to the shaft (7) integral with the vessel (5), a ring gear (8) traversed by said shaft (7), free with respect to this shaft (7) and integral with the geared motor (4), in that each shaft of the mixing tools (6a, 6b) carries a pinion (10a; 10b) in direct contact with said ring gear (8).
4. Mélangeur selon la revendication 3 caractérisé en ce que la couronne dentée (8) est pourvue d'une denture extérieure, lesdits pignons (10a, 10b) engrenant sur le périmètre externe de la couronne dentée (8). 4. Mixer according to claim 3 characterized in that the ring gear (8) is provided with an external toothing, said pinions (10a, 10b) meshing on the outer perimeter of the ring gear (8).
5. Mélangeur selon la revendication 3 caractérisé en ce que la couronne dentée (8) est pourvue d'une denture intérieure, lesdits pignons (10a, 10b) engrenant sur le périmètre interne de la couronne dentée (8).5. Mixer according to claim 3 characterized in that the ring gear (8) is provided with an internal toothing, said pinions (10a, 10b) meshing on the inner perimeter of the ring gear (8).
6. Mélangeur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de motorisation comprennent un moto-réducteur relié à l'arbre solidaire de la cuve, une couronne dentée traversée par ledit arbre, libre par rapport à cet arbre et solidaire du moto-réducteur, en ce que chaque arbre des outils de mélange porte un pignon, lesdits pignons et ladite couronne dentée étant situés sensiblement dans le même plan et étant en prise par l'intermédiaire d'un moyen de transmission synchrone.6. Mixer according to claim 2, characterized in that the drive means comprise a geared motor connected to the shaft integral with the vessel, a ring gear traversed by said shaft, free in relation to this shaft and secured to the motorcycle. gearbox, in that each shaft of the mixing tools carries a pinion, said pinions and said ring gear being located substantially in the same plane and being engaged via a synchronous transmission means.
7. Mélangeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chaque outil de mélange est agencé de sorte à balayer un volume dont l'enveloppe est d'une part tangente à la périphérie interne de la cuve et d'autre part s'étend à proximité du centre de la cuve.7. Mixer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each mixing tool is arranged so as to scan a volume whose envelope is on the one hand tangent to the inner periphery of the tank and secondly extends near the center of the tank.
8. Mélangeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte deux outils8. Mixer according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that it comprises two tools
(6a, 6b) de mélange, les bras de chacun des outils étant situés dans des plans perpendiculaires entre eux et en ce que lesdits outils (6a, 6b) balayent des volumes s'imbriquant l'un dans l'autre.(6a, 6b), the arms of each of the tools being located in planes perpendicular to each other and in that said tools (6a, 6b) sweep volumes interlocking one into the other.
9. Mélangeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5 caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte trois outils de mélange, disposés à 120° les uns des autres autour de l'axe de rotation de la cuve (5), et en ce que lesdits outils balayent des volumes s'imbriquant les uns dans les autres.9. Mixer according to any one of claims 1 to 5 characterized in that it comprises three mixing tools, arranged at 120 ° from each other around the axis of rotation of the tank (5), and in that said tools sweep volumes interlocking into each other.
10. Mélangeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que ladite cuve (5) de mélange est sensiblement cylindrique.10. Mixer according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that said mixing vessel (5) is substantially cylindrical.
11. Mélangeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9 caractérisé en ce que ladite cuve (5) de mélange est sensiblement oblongue.11. Mixer according to any one of claims 1 to 9 characterized in that said bowl (5) mixing is substantially oblong.
12. Mélangeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que ladite cuve (5) est montée sur un dispositif de basculement permettant de former un angle α entre l'axe de rotation de la cuve (5) et la verticale.12. Mixer according to any preceding claim characterized in that said vessel (5) is mounted on a tilting device for forming an angle α between the axis of rotation of the vessel (5) and the vertical.
13. Mélangeur selon la revendication 12 caractérisé en ce que la cuve (5) et les moyens (4, 8) de motorisation forment un ensemble relié au bâti (2) par une liaison pivot.13. Mixer according to claim 12 characterized in that the tank (5) and the means (4, 8) of motorization form an assembly connected to the frame (2) by a pivot connection.
14. Mélangeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que ladite cuve (5) comprend un couvercle relevable (20).Mixer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said tank (5) comprises a lifting lid (20).
15. Mélangeur selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que le couvercle (20) comprend une trappe (22) d'introduction des ingrédients de la pâte à mélanger.15. Mixer according to claim 14, characterized in that the lid (20) comprises a hatch (22) for introducing the ingredients of the dough to be mixed.
16. Mélangeur selon la revendication 14 ou 15 caractérisé en ce que ledit couvercle en position fermée forme avec la cuve (5) une enceinte étanche comprenant un dispositif d'injection ou de pompage de gaz destiné à créer dans ladite enceinte étanche une atmosphère de mélange contrôlée.16. Mixer according to claim 14 or 15 characterized in that said lid in the closed position forms with the tank (5) a sealed chamber comprising a device for injecting or pumping gas intended to create in said enclosure seals a controlled mixing atmosphere.
17. Mélangeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que ladite cuve (5) comprend, dans l'épaisseur de ses parois, un dispositif de circulation de fluides de chauffage ou de refroidissement.17. Mixer according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that said vessel (5) comprises, in the thickness of its walls, a device for circulating heating or cooling fluids.
18. Mélangeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que ledit bâti (2) comprend, dans ses parties en contact avec le sol, des prises (11) destinées à coopérer avec les fourches d'un chariot élévateur.18. Mixer according to any one of the preceding claims characterized in that said frame (2) comprises, in its parts in contact with the ground, catches (11) for cooperating with the forks of a forklift.
19. Mélangeur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit mélangeur est un pétrin, les outils de mélange étant des outils de pétrissage.19. Mixer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said mixer is a kneader, the mixing tools being kneading tools.
20. Installation industrielle de mélange caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un mélangeur (1) selon les revendications20. Industrial mixing plant characterized in that it comprises a mixer (1) according to the claims
12 ou 13, une trémie (12 ; 15) et un dispositif (13) de convoyage de la matière mélangée, ces trois éléments étant agencés de telle sorte que, en fin de mélange, le basculement de la cuve (5) du mélangeur (1) provoque la chute de la matière mélangée dans la trémie (12 ; 15), celle-ci orientant ladite matière mélangée vers le dispositif (13) de convoyage.12 or 13, a hopper (12; 15) and a device (13) for conveying the mixed material, these three elements being arranged such that, at the end of mixing, the tilting of the tank (5) of the mixer ( 1) causes the mixed material to fall into the hopper (12; 15), which directs said mixed material to the conveying device (13).
21. Installation industrielle de mélange selon la revendication 20 caractérisée en ce que le mélangeur est monté sur un élévateur intégré (14) permettant le déversement de la matière mélangée dans une trémie (15) en altitude. 21. Industrial mixing plant according to claim 20 characterized in that the mixer is mounted on an integrated elevator (14) allowing the discharge of the mixed material in a hopper (15) at altitude.
EP06709326A 2005-02-15 2006-02-15 Mixer comprising mixing tools which are driven by the rotation of the bowl Not-in-force EP1850952B1 (en)

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FR0501516A FR2881969B1 (en) 2005-02-15 2005-02-15 MIXER TOOL MIXER DRIVEN BY THE ROTATION OF THE TANK
FR0503361A FR2881925B1 (en) 2005-02-15 2005-04-05 PETRIN WITH TOOLS TRAINED BY THE ROTATION OF THE TANK
PCT/FR2006/000351 WO2006087471A1 (en) 2005-02-15 2006-02-15 Mixer comprising mixing tools which are driven by the rotation of the bowl

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EP1850952A1 true EP1850952A1 (en) 2007-11-07
EP1850952B1 EP1850952B1 (en) 2009-11-04

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EP (1) EP1850952B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE447437T1 (en)
DE (1) DE602006010178D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2335804T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2881925B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2006087471A1 (en)

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DE602006010178D1 (en) 2009-12-17
US20100271900A1 (en) 2010-10-28
FR2881925A1 (en) 2006-08-18
WO2006087471A1 (en) 2006-08-24
ES2335804T3 (en) 2010-04-05
EP1850952B1 (en) 2009-11-04
FR2881925B1 (en) 2007-04-20
ATE447437T1 (en) 2009-11-15

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