EP2754484A1 - Rotary mixer with conical vessel - Google Patents

Rotary mixer with conical vessel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2754484A1
EP2754484A1 EP20140151224 EP14151224A EP2754484A1 EP 2754484 A1 EP2754484 A1 EP 2754484A1 EP 20140151224 EP20140151224 EP 20140151224 EP 14151224 A EP14151224 A EP 14151224A EP 2754484 A1 EP2754484 A1 EP 2754484A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tank
conical
shutter
mixer according
rotation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20140151224
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2754484B1 (en
Inventor
Eric Brunquet
Christian Destombes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Skako Concrete
Original Assignee
Skako Concrete
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Skako Concrete filed Critical Skako Concrete
Priority to PL14151224T priority Critical patent/PL2754484T3/en
Publication of EP2754484A1 publication Critical patent/EP2754484A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2754484B1 publication Critical patent/EP2754484B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
    • B28C5/08—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions using driven mechanical means affecting the mixing
    • B28C5/18—Mixing in containers to which motion is imparted to effect the mixing
    • B28C5/26—Mixing in containers to which motion is imparted to effect the mixing rotating about a vertical or steeply inclined axis during the mixing, e.g. comprising a flat bottomplate rotating about a vertical axis, co-operating with blades or stirrers
    • B28C5/32—Mixing in containers to which motion is imparted to effect the mixing rotating about a vertical or steeply inclined axis during the mixing, e.g. comprising a flat bottomplate rotating about a vertical axis, co-operating with blades or stirrers with driven stirrers
    • B28C5/325—Mixing in containers to which motion is imparted to effect the mixing rotating about a vertical or steeply inclined axis during the mixing, e.g. comprising a flat bottomplate rotating about a vertical axis, co-operating with blades or stirrers with driven stirrers with several stirrer shafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/051—Stirrers characterised by their elements, materials or mechanical properties
    • B01F27/054—Deformable stirrers, e.g. deformed by a centrifugal force applied during operation
    • B01F27/0541—Deformable stirrers, e.g. deformed by a centrifugal force applied during operation with mechanical means to alter the position of the stirring elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/114—Helically shaped stirrers, i.e. stirrers comprising a helically shaped band or helically shaped band sections
    • B01F27/1145—Helically shaped stirrers, i.e. stirrers comprising a helically shaped band or helically shaped band sections ribbon shaped with an open space between the helical ribbon flight and the rotating axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/05—Stirrers
    • B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
    • B01F27/13—Openwork frame or cage stirrers not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/21—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders characterised by their rotating shafts
    • B01F27/2122—Hollow shafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/23—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders characterised by the orientation or disposition of the rotor axis
    • B01F27/232—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders characterised by the orientation or disposition of the rotor axis with two or more rotation axes
    • B01F27/2321—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders characterised by the orientation or disposition of the rotor axis with two or more rotation axes having different inclinations, e.g. non parallel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F29/00—Mixers with rotating receptacles
    • B01F29/60—Mixers with rotating receptacles rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis, e.g. drum mixers
    • B01F29/64—Mixers with rotating receptacles rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis, e.g. drum mixers with stirring devices moving in relation to the receptacle, e.g. rotating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F29/00—Mixers with rotating receptacles
    • B01F29/80—Mixers with rotating receptacles rotating about a substantially vertical axis
    • B01F29/83—Mixers with rotating receptacles rotating about a substantially vertical axis with rotary paddles or arms, e.g. movable out of the receptacle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/45—Closures or doors specially adapted for mixing receptacles; Operating mechanisms therefor
    • B01F35/452—Closures or doors specially adapted for mixing receptacles; Operating mechanisms therefor by moving them in the plane of the opening
    • B01F35/4521—Closures or doors specially adapted for mixing receptacles; Operating mechanisms therefor by moving them in the plane of the opening by rotating them about an axis perpendicular to the plane of the opening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/50—Mixing receptacles
    • B01F35/511—Mixing receptacles provided with liners, e.g. wear resistant or flexible liners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
    • B01F35/712—Feed mechanisms for feeding fluids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/75—Discharge mechanisms
    • B01F35/751—Discharging by opening a gate, e.g. using discharge paddles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rotary bowl mixer, and more particularly to a conical bowl mixer for any type of concrete.
  • the mixer according to the invention can also find a particular application for the mixing of foundry sand.
  • conical tank mixers fixed.
  • This conical tank is associated with stirring means, arranged axially in the tank, the tank comprising an exhaust hatch in the lower part for discharging the prepared concrete.
  • the stirring means generally consist of a worm associated with scrapers and / or kneading blades to allow homogenization of the concrete mixture during its preparation.
  • the materials cement, sand, gravel
  • water is gradually added thereto once the stirring means have been put in place. running, the worm to raise the materials at the bottom of the tank and mix them with water and scrapers to prevent a build-up of concrete on the wall of the tank.
  • Such a mixer involves a complex drive mechanism, in particular by the arrangement of tools, generally in the center of the tank and their rotation system within the fixed vessel, which does not allow, according to the findings of the inventor, to introduce the materials in the center of the tank but only at an edge.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome all or part of the aforementioned drawbacks by providing a conical rotating bowl mixer.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a mixer for mixing products in a reduced time.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide such a mixer which is simple to maintain and clean.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide such a mixer whose direction of rotation and the rotation frequency of the tools can be adjusted.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide such a mixer which is inexpensive and simple to implement.
  • the mixer comprises means of articulation between said conical vessel and the frame, able to allow rotation of the conical vessel about its axis, as well as drive means able to actuate in rotation the conical vessel.
  • the mixing tools being arranged in fixed positions relative to the frame.
  • the mixer may have a feed opening of material in the center of the upper part of the tank.
  • the mixing tools are not arranged on the axis of the tank, but arranged around the latter.
  • said mixing tools internal to the tank, integral with the frame, comprise, in addition to the helical screw and said at least one scraper, a rapid mixing tool.
  • the helical screw, the rapid mixing tool and the at least one scraper are angularly distributed about the axis of rotation of the conical vessel.
  • the said at least one scraper - quick mixing tool, on the other hand, are similar.
  • the rapid mixing tool comprises a mixing end positioned in the immediate vicinity of the lower part of the conical wall of the tank and the shutter, in the closed position of the shutter.
  • the mixing end of the quick-mixing tool consists essentially of a flat element, the axis of rotation of the quick-mixing tool being contained in the plane of the flat element.
  • flat element being preferably symmetrical with respect to the axis of rotation of the rapid mixing tool.
  • the flat element of the mixing end is of inverted "A" shape, positioned in the axis of the rotation shaft of the rapid mixing tool, the rotation shaft being rigidly fixed to the horizontal wing of the "A" of the flat element.
  • said at least one scraper comprises a lower scraper and an upper scraper, angularly offset relative to one another about the axis of the tank, each of which is arranged partially over the height of the scraper.
  • conical tank able to scrape the wall of the conical tank, respectively on the lower part and the upper part of said conical tank.
  • said at least one scraper where appropriate said lower scraper can scrape, in addition to the conical wall of the tank, the wall of the shutter.
  • the mixer has means for pivoting between the shutter and its support, said pivoting means being of axis of rotation coaxial with the axis of rotation of the conical vessel, in the closed position of the shutter so that the shutter rotates integrally with the tank in the closed position of the shutter.
  • a jack makes it possible to move the shutter from the closed position to a detached position following a translation of direction parallel to the axis of the conical tank, the shutter / jack assembly being integral with an arm articulated on the frame to completely retract said shutter to said empty position.
  • the emptying device comprises a ring, removably attached to the conical tank, at the level of the lower opening, providing a seat for the shutter in the closed position and sealing between the shutter and the conical vessel.
  • the inner wall of the tank is covered by a ceramic shield, said ring for removing the dead space between the shield of the conical tank and the shutter in the closed position.
  • connection between the shutter and its support comprises elastomeric elements so as to allow disengagement of the shutter.
  • the mixer comprises liquid supply means in the tank arranged in such a way as to introduce the liquids at the level of said rapid mixing tool.
  • the mixer comprises means for alternating the direction of rotation of the tank.
  • said axis of rotation of the vessel is inclined relative to the vertical, preferably such that a generatrix of the vessel is substantially vertical.
  • said helical screw is replaced by a rotor having distinct blades arranged on the height and circumference of said rotor and inclined so as to allow the materials to be raised, similarly to a helical screw.
  • the general principle of the invention is therefore based on the implementation of a rotating bowl mixer, able to mix a mixture of different materials, powdery and liquid, and for concrete manufacturing for example.
  • a rotating bowl mixer capable of mixing various materials, comprises a frame 1, a conical tank 10, supported by the frame 1, closed at the top, and a drain device 13 in part lower comprising a lower opening 130 of the tank and a shutter 131 adapted to pass from a closed position to a drain position.
  • Mixing tools 20, internal to the conical bowl 10, comprise a helicoidal screw 21 extending over the height of the tank and at least one scraper 22, 22 'intended to scrape the wall of the conical tank 10.
  • the rotating bowl mixer shown on the figure 1 thus comprises a conical mixing tank 10, in which the mixing of the materials is carried out, and internal mixing tools 20.
  • the conical shaped mixing tank 10 comprises an upper part 11 having an upper opening, the cone being directed downwards.
  • the mixing tank 10 is rotatably disposed relative to the frame 1, by means of said hinge means 3.
  • These articulation means may comprise guide elements such as bearings, interposed between the vessel and the frame adapted to resume the load of the vessel and to allow rotation relative to the frame.
  • the drive means may comprise, according to one embodiment, a ring gear 40 fixed to said conical tank 10 and a gear motor 41, integral with the frame 1, meshing with said ring gear 41 so as to transmit the rotational movement from the engine to the ring gear 41.
  • the drive means 4 can enable the tapered vessel to be rotated alternately, in a first direction of rotation and in a second opposite direction of rotation, at intervals of time.
  • the upper opening of the tank 10 can be closed by means of a cover 9 having one or more material feed openings.
  • the mixing tank 10 also comprises the emptying device 13 in the lower part, at the end of the cone formed by the lower part.
  • a gutter may be arranged upstream of the emptying device so as to evacuate the concrete formed to a receptacle.
  • the internal mixing tools 20 comprise, in particular, the helical screw 21 comprising a rotation shaft around which a helical blade is disposed and is intended to stir and up the materials in the conical tank 10, at least in a first direction of rotation of the screw.
  • the mixer can thus have means for alternating the direction of rotation of the helical screw 21.
  • the helical screw 21 is used during mixing, most of the time, to raise the materials. Inverting the rotation of the screw, alternately, however, allows to remove the agglomerates of materials that can accumulate on the underside of the helical screw.
  • the helical screw 21 can be replaced, according to an embodiment illustrated in FIGS. Figures 12a and 12b , by a rotor 21 'having separate blades 27 arranged on the height and circumference and inclined so as to allow the materials to rise, similarly to said helical screw.
  • This rotor is compatible with the other tools, and in particular the scraper or scrapers 22, 22 'and the rapid mixing tool 23 which is described below.
  • the internal mixing tools 20 also comprise said at least one scraper 22, 22 'intended to scrape the wall of the tank 10. Said at least scraper 22, 22' is preferably firmly fixed to the frame 1.
  • the internal mixing tools 20 comprise two scrapers 22, 22 ', namely a lower scraper 22 and an upper scraper 22'.
  • the lower scraper 22 and the upper scraper 22 ' are angularly offset relative to each other about the axis of the conical vessel 10, in particular at an angle less than 45 °.
  • the lower scraper 22 and the upper scraper 22 ' are each partially arranged on the height of the conical tank 10, able to scrape the conical tank wall 10, respectively on the lower part 12 and the upper part 11 of said conical tank 10. More particularly, the lower scraper 22 for scraping the lower part 12 of the vessel, that is to say the generator of the formed cone, extends on the lower part of the height of the cone, and the scraper 22 'upper intended to scrape the upper part of the tank scrapes the upper portion of the cone, and extends over the upper part of the height of the cone.
  • the scrapers may be of number greater than two, for example three staggered scrapers, on the one hand, depending on the height of the tank to scrape respectively the tank on the lower part, an intermediate part. , and an upper part, and on the other hand angularly around the axis of the tank.
  • the lower scraper 22 can also scrape the wall of the shutter 131, in the closed position of the shutter 131.
  • the internal mixing tools 20 may also comprise a rapid mixing tool 23 comprising a rotation shaft 25 at the end of which is disposed a mixing end 24 intended to homogenize the mixture of materials in the tank.
  • rapid mixing tool is meant a tool intended to rotate at a speed of rotation greater than the rotational speed of the helical screw 21.
  • the motor / gear motor 26 of this tool can allow rotational speeds greater than 100 rpm, preferably greater than 150 rpm. In some cases, this tool can be used at much lower speeds, by for example, to deaerate the mixture.
  • the helical screw may be provided to rotate at a speed of between 50 and 100 rpm to provide an average linear speed of movement of the mixture of between 1m / s and 2m / s (i.e. 1.5m / s).
  • the mixing end 24 of the rapid mixing tool 23 is positioned in the immediate vicinity of the shutter 131 (in the closed position) and the lower part of the conical wall of the tank.
  • the mixing end 24 of the rapid mixing tool 23 may consist essentially of a flat element, in particular of inverted "A" shape, as illustrated in FIGS. figures 1 .and 9 .
  • the axis of rotation of the rapid mixing tool 23 is contained in the plane of the flat element.
  • this flat element is symmetrical with respect to the axis of rotation of the rapid mixing tool 23.
  • This mixing end 24 can thus be positioned in the axis of the rotation shaft 25, the rotation shaft being rigidly secured to the horizontal flange of the "A". As illustrated in figure 9 the tip of the "A" is flattened so as to optimize mixing in the immediate vicinity of the shutter 131.
  • the rotation shaft 25 is coaxial with the axis of symmetry of the "A" shaped mixing end. .
  • Such a mixing end 24 allows the rapid mixing tool to rotate at high speeds without causing strong product lifts.
  • the crumbling action of the mixing end 24 is obtained essentially at the outer edges of this end.
  • said helicoidal screw 21, the rapid mixing tool 23 and said at least one scraper 22 are angularly distributed around the axis of rotation of the conical vessel 10.
  • the conical tank 10 can be rotated in the helical screw direction 21, rapid mixing tool 23 and scrapers 22, 22 'and, simultaneously, the helical screw 21 is rotated in such a way as to raise the materials.
  • the material undergoes successively the action of the helical screw 21 which raises the material, the action of the rapid mixing tool 23 on which the material raised by the screw, and the action of the scraper or scrapers 22, 22 'which clean the tank, downstream of the rapid mixing tool.
  • This particular arrangement of said at least one scraper 22 positioned between the helical screw 21 (or its equivalent with rotor 21 ') and the rapid mixing tool 23 advantageously makes the configuration of the mixer unsymmetrical.
  • the angular position of the scraper 22, in particular the lower scraper, is preferably closer to the helicoidal screw 21 (or rotor 21 ') than to the rapid mixing tool 23.
  • This non-symmetrical configuration makes it possible to obtain different mixing flows, even optimized at the consistency of the mixture as a function of the direction of rotation of the conical vessel 10, or even of the rapid mixing tool 23.
  • the helical screw 21 (or rotor 21 'equivalent) preferably rotates in the same direction as the conical tank 10, so as to raise the products.
  • the conical vessel rotates in the direction-helicoidal screw 21-scraper 22- rapid mixing tool 23 (direction "+" according to the non-limiting example of the figure 12a ).
  • the mixing action is amplified because the helical screw 21 (or rotor 21 ') can act on a fraction of the mixture confined in the helical screw space 21 / scraper 22 (or rotor 21' / scraper 22).
  • the function of mixing by the scraper 22 by deflection and stretching of the flow is also amplified by the forced movement of the mixture by the rotation of the helical screw (or rotor 21 ') which preferably rotates in the same direction as the conical vessel 10, when said screw 21 (or rotor 21 ') back products.
  • the rapid mixing tool 23 is driven in the same direction (+ direction according to the figure 12a ).
  • the action of this fast mixing tool 23 is also amplified by the deflection of the flow by the scraper 22 which increases the stretching action of the mixture imposed by the rapid mixing tool.
  • the rapid mixing tool 23 is preferably driven in the same direction of rotation as the conical vessel to obtain a stretching of the product by rolling effect, favorable effect to the pasty or cohesive type mixture.
  • operation of the rapid mixing tool 23 in the opposite direction makes it possible to obtain a favorable shearing effect in a granular mixture.
  • the scraper (s) considered, making the mixer unsymmetrical are the scraper (s) positioned below the maximum level Nmax of the mixture in the tank. .
  • This type of scraper therefore comprises at least the lower scraper 22.
  • an scraper, upper 22 ' can be positioned above the maximum level of mixing Nmax in the tank. The function of this upper scraper 22 'is to return the glued products to the upper part of the tank, in the mixture, as illustrated in FIG. figure 12c .
  • this upper wiper 22 does not participate in the mixture and does not create a synergistic effect with the other tools, for the mixture, as developed above.
  • the position of this upper scraper 22 'relative to the other tools and in relation to the direction of rotation of the helical screw (or rotor 21 ') allowing the rise of the products is not critical for the mixing performance, unlike the lower wiper 22.
  • the upper scraper 22 ' can be positioned above the maximum level Nmax of mixing in the conical tank, advantageously positioned near the rapid mixing tool 23 so as to loosen the products of the conical tank 10 and to make them fall at the rapid mixing tool 23.
  • the mixer comprises liquid supply means 25 in the tank preferably arranged in such a way as to introduce the liquids directly at the level of the rapid mixing tool 23.
  • liquids may be introduced into the upper part of the rotational shaft 25 of the quick-mixing tool 23, inside the hollow rotation shaft, and then exit at the other end of the spindle. rotating shaft 25 at the quick mixing tool.
  • liquids may flow along the rotational shaft of the quick-mix tool on its outer surface.
  • the internal mixing tools 20, more particularly the helical screw 21 and the rapid mixing tool 23, can be driven by means of geared motors, separate and independent, respectively, at the end of the rotation shaft of each tool, at the level of the upper part of the tank.
  • the internal mixing tools can thus rotate at different speeds of rotation depending on the quality and quantity of the materials to be mixed.
  • the motors can be mounted on an inverted U-shaped structure 8, belonging to the frame 1, the structure 8 overlapping the conical tank 10.
  • this structure 8 can also accommodate the motor intended to drive the conical tank 10 in rotation.
  • the cover 9 closing the upper part 11 of the conical tank 10 can be retractable, at less in part and can move from an open position to a closed position. Additionally or alternatively, the cover 9 may also have a feed opening 7 of materials, visible on the Figures 4 and 5 , in the center of the upper part of the conical tank.
  • the arrangement of the internal mixing tools 20 thus allows the presence of said feed opening 7, in the axis of the tank.
  • the emptying device 13 comprises said lower drain opening 130, and the shutter 131 adapted to close the lower drain opening 130.
  • This shutter 131 is articulated about a coaxial axis A to the axis of rotation of the tank, in the closed position, so that it can rotate integrally with the tank 10 in the closed position of the shutter, the shutter 131 being then driven by the tank.
  • the pivoting means between the shutter 131 and its support may comprise a ball bearing 135 arranged around the axis in such a way as to allow the shutter 131 to rotate when it is secured to the conical tank 10, pressed against the latter.
  • a jack 132 or other actuator makes it possible to move the shutter 131 from the closed position to a detached position following a translation of direction parallel to the axis of the conical vessel. 20.
  • the shutter / jack assembly integral with an arm 134 can be moved in rotation by means of a hinge 137 between the arm 134 and the frame 1, in particular of axis parallel to the axis of the tank outside the field of the opening 130, and to the position of emptying the shutter.
  • the rotation of the arm 134 following the articulation 137 is preferably actuated by an actuator 138.
  • the shutter 131 may have a circular rib 139 with a breakage function, avoiding run-off on the mechanism (jack 132) for raising or lowering the shutter 131.
  • This mechanism, as well as the pivoting means can be protected inside a flexible sleeve 140, joining the shutter 131 and its support.
  • connection between the shutter 131 and its support comprises elastomeric elements 133 so as to allow disengagement of the shutter 131.
  • these elastomeric elements 133 are provided in particular between the rod and the piston of the cylinder 132. These elastomeric elements 133 allow the shutter 131 to close the tank and seal during rotation, even in the event of slight misalignment between the axis of rotation of the conical vessel 10 and the axis of rotation of the shutter 131, or to close the conical vessel 10 even when the opening 130 is not completely clean.
  • the conical tank may be in particular metal, the inner wall preferably covered with a ceramic shield.
  • the device the emptying device 13 may comprise, at the level of the lower opening 130 of the conical tank 10, a ring 136, removably attached to the conical tank 10, in particular by means of screws 137.
  • This ring 136 can be easily replaced in case of wear.
  • This ring 136 constitutes a seat for the shutter 131 in the closed position and seals between the shutter 131 and the conical tank 10.
  • this ring 136 preferably eliminates the dead space between the shield 15 of the conical tank and the shutter.
  • the seal between the shutter 131 and this ring 136 can be improved thanks to a circular seal 138, carried either by the shutter 131 or by said ring 136.
  • this ring 136 may have an L-shaped section, the horizontal wing having holes for fixing (ie screws) for securing the ring 136 to the conical bowl 10, the inside of the vertical wing L of the ring 136 being intended to engage with the shutter, in the form of a disk, by nesting.
  • the upper end of this vertical wing is of thickness substantially equal to the thickness of the ceramic shield 15 so as to cover the lower edge of the shield by removing the dead space.
  • the axis of rotation of the conical vessel 10 may be inclined, preferably such that a generatrix of the conical vessel 10 is substantially vertical. Such an arrangement of the conical vessel 10 in particular makes it easier to empty the concrete once it is finished.
  • a mixer as described above is especially used for mixing concrete and can also be used for mixing foundry sand.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)

Abstract

The mixer has a conical vessel (10) closed in an upper part, and an emptying device (13) including a lower opening (130) of the vessel and an obturator to pass from closing position to draining position. Mixture tools (20) internal to the vessel, has a helical screw (21) extending according to height of the vessel and scrapers (22, 22') to scrape a conical wall of the vessel. An articulation unit between the vessel and a frame (1) allows rotation of the vessel around its axis. A driving unit actuates rotation of the vessel. The tools are arranged in fixed positions with respect to the frame.

Description

L'invention est relative à un mélangeur à cuve tournante, et plus particulièrement à un mélangeur à cuve conique pour tout type de béton.The invention relates to a rotary bowl mixer, and more particularly to a conical bowl mixer for any type of concrete.

Le mélangeur conforme à l'invention peut également trouver une application particulière pour le malaxage de sables de fonderie.The mixer according to the invention can also find a particular application for the mixing of foundry sand.

Dans le domaine de la préparation du béton, il est connu d'utiliser des mélangeurs à cuve fixe, à l'intérieur de laquelle des outils, entrainés en rotation, sont amenés à malaxer les produits. Classiquement il est connu les malaxeurs à cuve cylindrique, par exemple du document EP 1 842 583 A1 , dont les outils sont entrainés suivant un mouvement de rotation complexe par un mécanisme d'entrainement du type planétaire.In the field of concrete preparation, it is known to use fixed-tank mixers, inside which tools, driven in rotation, are used to mix the products. Conventionally it is known cylindrical tank mixers, for example from the document EP 1 842 583 A1 , whose tools are driven in a complex rotational movement by a drive mechanism of the planetary type.

L'état de la technique des mélangeurs à béton connaît également les malaxeurs à cuve conique, fixe. Cette cuve conique est associée à des moyens d'agitation, disposés axialement dans la cuve, la cuve comprenant une trappe d'évacuation en partie inférieure pour évacuer le béton préparé. Les moyens d'agitation sont généralement constitués d'une vis sans fin associée à des racleurs et/ou des lames de malaxage pour permettre d'homogénéiser le mélange du béton lors de sa préparation.The state of the art of concrete mixers also knows conical tank mixers, fixed. This conical tank is associated with stirring means, arranged axially in the tank, the tank comprising an exhaust hatch in the lower part for discharging the prepared concrete. The stirring means generally consist of a worm associated with scrapers and / or kneading blades to allow homogenization of the concrete mixture during its preparation.

Lors de la préparation du béton, les matériaux (ciment, sable, graviers) sont introduits selon une quantité précise dans la cuve pour obtenir le béton ou mortier souhaité et de l'eau y est ajoutée progressivement une fois les moyens d'agitation mis en marche, la vis sans fin permettant de faire remonter les matériaux en fond de cuve et de les mélanger à l'eau et les racleurs permettant d'éviter une accumulation de béton sur la paroi de la cuve.During the preparation of the concrete, the materials (cement, sand, gravel) are introduced in a precise quantity into the tank to obtain the desired concrete or mortar and water is gradually added thereto once the stirring means have been put in place. running, the worm to raise the materials at the bottom of the tank and mix them with water and scrapers to prevent a build-up of concrete on the wall of the tank.

On connait, par exemple, du document EP 1 121 193 un tel malaxeur comprenant une cuve conique fixe dans laquelle sont disposés, des racleurs disposés à proximité de la paroi de la cuve ainsi qu'une vis sans fin disposée au centre de la cuve pour mélanger les matériaux. Un mécanisme d'entrainement, comprenant deux motorisations, permet d'actionner en rotation la vis sans fin, ainsi que les racloirs selon un axe de rotation coaxial à celui de la cuve conique. Selon ce document, le sens de rotation des racleurs peut être alterné afin d'améliorer la qualité du malaxage.We know, for example, of the document EP 1 121 193 such a mixer comprising a fixed conical bowl in which are arranged, scrapers disposed near the wall of the tank and an endless screw disposed in the center of the tank for mixing materials. A drive mechanism, comprising two motors, makes it possible to actuate the endless screw in rotation, as well as the scrapers along an axis of rotation that is coaxial with that of the spindle. conical tank. According to this document, the direction of rotation of the scrapers can be alternated in order to improve the quality of the mixing.

Cependant, un tel malaxeur implique un mécanisme d'entrainement complexe, notamment par la disposition des outils, généralement au centre de la cuve et de leur système de rotation au sein de la cuve fixe, ce qui ne permet pas, selon les constatations de l'inventeur, d'introduire les matériaux au centre de la cuve mais seulement au niveau d'un bord.However, such a mixer involves a complex drive mechanism, in particular by the arrangement of tools, generally in the center of the tank and their rotation system within the fixed vessel, which does not allow, according to the findings of the inventor, to introduce the materials in the center of the tank but only at an edge.

Selon les constatations de l'inventeur, et du fait que les matériaux soient introduits seulement au niveau du bord de la cuve, les matériaux ne sont pas tous dispersés correctement en début de malaxage, ce qui nécessite de prolonger le temps de malaxage afin d'obtenir la qualité de béton voulue.According to the findings of the inventor, and the fact that the materials are introduced only at the edge of the tank, the materials are not all properly dispersed at the beginning of mixing, which requires to extend the mixing time in order to obtain the desired concrete quality.

En outre, du fait de la disposition du mécanisme d'entrainement, on constate par ailleurs des difficultés pour l'entretien et le nettoyage des mélangeurs après utilisation, l'accès à la cuve étant relativement difficile pour les opérateurs.In addition, because of the arrangement of the drive mechanism, there are also difficulties for maintenance and cleaning of the mixers after use, access to the tank being relatively difficult for operators.

Le but de la présente invention est de pallier tout ou partie des inconvénients précités en proposant un mélangeur à cuve tournante conique.The object of the present invention is to overcome all or part of the aforementioned drawbacks by providing a conical rotating bowl mixer.

Plus particulièrement un but de la présente invention est de proposer un mélangeur permettant un malaxage de produits en un temps réduit.More particularly, an object of the present invention is to provide a mixer for mixing products in a reduced time.

Un autre but de la présente invention est de proposer un tel mélangeur qui soit simple à entretenir et nettoyer.Another object of the present invention is to provide such a mixer which is simple to maintain and clean.

Un autre but de la présente invention est de proposer un tel mélangeur dont le sens de rotation et la fréquence de rotation des outils peuvent être ajustés.Another object of the present invention is to provide such a mixer whose direction of rotation and the rotation frequency of the tools can be adjusted.

Un autre but de la présente invention est de proposer un tel mélangeur qui soit peu couteux et simple à mettre en oeuvre.Another object of the present invention is to provide such a mixer which is inexpensive and simple to implement.

Ces objectifs, ainsi que d'autres qui apparaîtront plus clairement par la suite, sont atteints selon l'invention à l'aide d'un mélangeur comprenant :

  • un bâti,
  • une cuve conique, fermée en partie supérieure,
  • un dispositif de vidange en partie inférieure comprenant une ouverture inférieure de la cuve et un obturateur apte à passer d'une position de fermeture vers une position de vidange,
  • des outils de mélange, internes à la cuve conique, comprenant une vis hélicoïdale s'étendant sur la hauteur de la cuve et au moins un racleur destiné à racler la paroi conique de la cuve.
These objectives, as well as others which will appear more clearly later, are achieved according to the invention using a mixer comprising:
  • a frame,
  • a conical tank, closed at the top,
  • a draining device in the lower part comprising a lower opening of the tank and a shutter capable of passing from a closed position to a draining position,
  • mixing tools, internal to the conical vessel, comprising a helical screw extending over the height of the vessel and at least one scraper for scraping the conical wall of the vessel.

Selon l'invention, le mélangeur comprend des moyens d'articulation entre ladite cuve conique et le bâti, aptes à permettre la rotation de la cuve conique autour de son axe, ainsi que des moyens d'entrainement aptes à actionner en rotation la cuve conique, les outils de mélange étant agencés en des positions fixes par rapport au bâti.According to the invention, the mixer comprises means of articulation between said conical vessel and the frame, able to allow rotation of the conical vessel about its axis, as well as drive means able to actuate in rotation the conical vessel. , the mixing tools being arranged in fixed positions relative to the frame.

Avantageusement, le mélangeur peut présenter une ouverture d'alimentation de matière au centre de la partie supérieure de la cuve. Afin d'autoriser une telle ouverture dans l'axe de la cuve, les outils de mélange ne sont pas agencés sur l'axe de la cuve, mais disposés autour de ce dernier.Advantageously, the mixer may have a feed opening of material in the center of the upper part of the tank. In order to allow such an opening in the axis of the tank, the mixing tools are not arranged on the axis of the tank, but arranged around the latter.

Selon un mode de réalisation, lesdits outils de mélange, internes à la cuve, solidaires du bâti, comprennent, outre la vis hélicoïdale et ledit au moins un racleur, un outil de mélange rapide.According to one embodiment, said mixing tools, internal to the tank, integral with the frame, comprise, in addition to the helical screw and said at least one scraper, a rapid mixing tool.

Selon une approche particulièrement simple, la vis hélicoïdale, l'outil de mélange rapide et ledit au moins un racleur sont répartis angulairement autour de l'axe de rotation de la cuve conique.According to a particularly simple approach, the helical screw, the rapid mixing tool and the at least one scraper are angularly distributed about the axis of rotation of the conical vessel.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le sens de rotation de la vis hélicoïdale provoquant la remontée de produits, d'une part, et le sens de rotation de la cuve conique suivant le sens des outils travaillant le mélange, à savoir le sens -vis hélicoïdale- ledit au moins un racleur - outil de mélange rapide, d'autre part, sont similaires.According to one embodiment, the direction of rotation of the helical screw causing the rise of products, on the one hand, and the direction of rotation of the conical tank according to the direction of the tools working the mixture, namely the helical direction -vis - The said at least one scraper - quick mixing tool, on the other hand, are similar.

Selon un mode de réalisation, l'outil de mélange rapide comprend une extrémité de mélange positionnée à proximité immédiate de la partie basse de la paroi conique de la cuve et de l'obturateur, dans la position de fermeture de l'obturateur.According to one embodiment, the rapid mixing tool comprises a mixing end positioned in the immediate vicinity of the lower part of the conical wall of the tank and the shutter, in the closed position of the shutter.

Selon un mode de réalisation, l'extrémité de mélange de l'outil de mélange rapide est constituée essentiellement par un élément plat, l'axe de rotation de l'outil de mélange rapide étant contenu dans le plan de l'élément plat, l'élément plat étant de préférence symétrique par rapport à l'axe de rotation de l'outil de mélange rapide.According to one embodiment, the mixing end of the quick-mixing tool consists essentially of a flat element, the axis of rotation of the quick-mixing tool being contained in the plane of the flat element. flat element being preferably symmetrical with respect to the axis of rotation of the rapid mixing tool.

Selon un mode de réalisation, l'élément plat de l'extrémité de mélange est de forme en « A » inversé, positionné dans l'axe de l'arbre de rotation de l'outil de mélange rapide, l'arbre de rotation étant rigidement solidaire de l'aile horizontale du « A » de l'élément plat.According to one embodiment, the flat element of the mixing end is of inverted "A" shape, positioned in the axis of the rotation shaft of the rapid mixing tool, the rotation shaft being rigidly fixed to the horizontal wing of the "A" of the flat element.

Selon un aspect avantageux de l'invention, ledit au moins un racleur comprend un racleur inférieur et un racleur supérieur, décalés angulairement l'un par rapport l'autre autour de l'axe de la cuve, disposés chacun partiellement sur la hauteur de la cuve conique, aptes à racler la paroi de la cuve conique, respectivement sur la partie basse et la partie haute de ladite cuve conique.According to an advantageous aspect of the invention, said at least one scraper comprises a lower scraper and an upper scraper, angularly offset relative to one another about the axis of the tank, each of which is arranged partially over the height of the scraper. conical tank, able to scrape the wall of the conical tank, respectively on the lower part and the upper part of said conical tank.

Selon un mode de réalisation, ledit au moins un racleur, le cas échéant ledit racleur inférieur permet de racler, outre la paroi conique de la cuve, la paroi de l'obturateur.According to one embodiment, said at least one scraper, where appropriate said lower scraper can scrape, in addition to the conical wall of the tank, the wall of the shutter.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le mélangeur présente des moyens de pivotement entre l'obturateur et son support, lesdits moyens de pivotement étant d'axe de rotation coaxial à l'axe de rotation de la cuve conique, en position de fermeture de l'obturateur de telle façon à ce que l'obturateur tourne solidairement avec la cuve en position de fermeture de l'obturateur.According to one embodiment, the mixer has means for pivoting between the shutter and its support, said pivoting means being of axis of rotation coaxial with the axis of rotation of the conical vessel, in the closed position of the shutter so that the shutter rotates integrally with the tank in the closed position of the shutter.

Selon un mode de réalisation, un vérin permet de déplacer l'obturateur de la position de fermeture vers une position décollée suivant une translation de direction parallèle à l'axe de la cuve conique, l'ensemble obturateur/vérin étant solidaire d'un bras articulé sur le bâti pour escamoter complètement ledit obturateur vers ladite position de vidange.According to one embodiment, a jack makes it possible to move the shutter from the closed position to a detached position following a translation of direction parallel to the axis of the conical tank, the shutter / jack assembly being integral with an arm articulated on the frame to completely retract said shutter to said empty position.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le dispositif de vidange comprend une bague, fixée de manière amovible sur la cuve conique, au niveau de l'ouverture inférieure, constituant un siège pour l'obturateur en position de fermeture et assurant l'étanchéité entre l'obturateur et la cuve conique.According to one embodiment, the emptying device comprises a ring, removably attached to the conical tank, at the level of the lower opening, providing a seat for the shutter in the closed position and sealing between the shutter and the conical vessel.

Selon un mode de réalisation, la paroi intérieure de la cuve est recouverte par un blindage céramique, ladite bague permettant de supprimer l'espace mort entre le blindage de la cuve conique et l'obturateur en position de fermeture.According to one embodiment, the inner wall of the tank is covered by a ceramic shield, said ring for removing the dead space between the shield of the conical tank and the shutter in the closed position.

Selon un mode de réalisation, la liaison entre l'obturateur et son support comprend des éléments élastomères de manière à autoriser un désaxement de l'obturateur.According to one embodiment, the connection between the shutter and its support comprises elastomeric elements so as to allow disengagement of the shutter.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le mélangeur comprend des moyens d'alimentation en liquide dans la cuve agencés de telle façon à introduire les liquides au niveau dudit outil de mélange rapide.According to one embodiment, the mixer comprises liquid supply means in the tank arranged in such a way as to introduce the liquids at the level of said rapid mixing tool.

Selon un aspect avantageux de l'invention, le mélangeur comprend des moyens pour alterner le sens de rotation de la cuve.According to an advantageous aspect of the invention, the mixer comprises means for alternating the direction of rotation of the tank.

Selon un aspect particulier de l'invention, ledit axe de rotation de la cuve est incliné par rapport à la verticale, de préférence de telle façon à ce qu'une génératrice de la cuve soit sensiblement verticale.According to a particular aspect of the invention, said axis of rotation of the vessel is inclined relative to the vertical, preferably such that a generatrix of the vessel is substantially vertical.

Selon un mode de réalisation, ladite vis hélicoïdale est remplacée par un rotor présentant des pales distinctes agencées sur la hauteur et la circonférence dudit rotor et inclinées de manière à permettre de remonter les matériaux, de manière similaire à une vis hélicoïdale.According to one embodiment, said helical screw is replaced by a rotor having distinct blades arranged on the height and circumference of said rotor and inclined so as to allow the materials to be raised, similarly to a helical screw.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description suivante d'un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, donnée à titre de simple exemple illustratif et non limitatif, et des dessins annexés, parmi lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe d'un mélangeur à cuve tournante selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue de face du mélangeur illustré à la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue de face du mélangeur de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue de côté du mélangeur de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue de détail de l'ouverture d'alimentation de matière du mélangeur à cuve tournante de la figure 1 ;
  • les figures 6 et 7 sont des vues de dessous et de dessus d'un mélangeur à cuve tournante selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 8 est une vue de dessous illustrant le dispositif de vidange d'un mélangeur à cuve tournante en position de vidange de la cuve ;
  • la figure 9 est une vue détaillée illustrant le dispositif de vidange du mélangeur de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 10 est une vue partielle de la cuve, illustrant l'agencement des racleurs ;
  • la figure 11 est une vue de détail en coupe illustrant le dispositif de vidange du mélangeur de la figure 1,
  • la figure 12 a est une vue schématique de dessus d'un mélangeur selon un mode de réalisation comprenant une vis hélicoïdale (ou rotor équivalent à pale), un outil de mélange rapide et au moins un racleur répartis autour de l'axe conique et illustrant les flux de matériaux lorsque la cuve est entrainée suivant le sens vis hélicoïdale- racleur-outil de mélange rapide,
  • la figure 12b est une vue schématique de dessus d'un mélangeur selon un mode de réalisation selon la figure 12a illustrant les flux de matériaux lorsque la cuve est entrainée suivant le sens vis hélicoïdale-outil de mélange rapide -racleur.
  • la figure 12c est une vue schématique de dessus illustrant, en variante la position du racleur supérieur, positionné au dessus du niveau maximal du mélange dans la cuve conique.
Other features and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the following description of a particular embodiment of the invention, given as a simple illustrative and nonlimiting example, and the appended drawings, among which: :
  • the figure 1 is a sectional view of a rotating bowl mixer according to one embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 2 is a front view of the mixer shown in the figure 1 ;
  • the figure 3 is a front view of the mixer the figure 1 ;
  • the figure 4 is a side view of the mixer the figure 1 ;
  • the figure 5 is a detailed view of the material feed opening of the rotating bowl mixer of the figure 1 ;
  • the Figures 6 and 7 are views from below and from above of a rotating bowl mixer according to the invention;
  • the figure 8 is a bottom view illustrating the emptying device of a rotating bowl mixer in the emptying position of the tank;
  • the figure 9 is a detailed view illustrating the blower emptying device of the figure 1 ;
  • the figure 10 is a partial view of the tank, illustrating the arrangement of the scrapers;
  • the figure 11 is a detailed sectional view illustrating the blower emptying device of the figure 1 ,
  • the figure 12 a is a schematic top view of a mixer according to an embodiment comprising a helical screw (or blade equivalent rotor), a rapid mixing tool and at least one scraper distributed around the conical axis and illustrating the flow of materials when the tank is driven in the direction of helical screw-scraper-quick mixing tool,
  • the figure 12b is a schematic top view of a mixer according to an embodiment according to the figure 12a illustrating the flow of materials when the tank is driven in the direction of helical screw-quick mixing tool -racleur.
  • the figure 12c is a schematic top view illustrating, alternatively the position of the upper scraper, positioned above the maximum level of the mixture in the conical vessel.

Comme précédemment évoqué, le principe général de l'invention repose donc sur la mise en oeuvre d'un mélangeur à cuve tournante, apte à malaxer un mélange de différents matériaux, pulvérulents et liquides, et destiné à la fabrication de béton par exemple.As previously mentioned, the general principle of the invention is therefore based on the implementation of a rotating bowl mixer, able to mix a mixture of different materials, powdery and liquid, and for concrete manufacturing for example.

Pour atteindre cet objectif, un mélangeur à cuve tournante apte à malaxer différents matériaux, comprend un bâti 1, une cuve conique 10, supportée par le bâti 1, fermée en partie supérieure, et un dispositif de vidange 13 en partie inférieure comprenant une ouverture inférieure 130 de la cuve et un obturateur 131 apte à passer d'une position de fermeture vers une position de vidange.To achieve this goal, a rotating bowl mixer capable of mixing various materials, comprises a frame 1, a conical tank 10, supported by the frame 1, closed at the top, and a drain device 13 in part lower comprising a lower opening 130 of the tank and a shutter 131 adapted to pass from a closed position to a drain position.

Des outils de mélange 20, internes à la cuve conique 10, comprennent une vis hélicoïdale 21 s'étendant sur la hauteur de la cuve et au moins un racleur 22,22' destiné à racler la paroi de la cuve conique 10.Mixing tools 20, internal to the conical bowl 10, comprise a helicoidal screw 21 extending over the height of the tank and at least one scraper 22, 22 'intended to scrape the wall of the conical tank 10.

Selon l'invention, le mélangeur comprend :

  • des moyens d'articulation 3 entre ladite cuve conique 10 et le bâti 1, aptes à permettre la rotation de la cuve conique 10 autour de son axe,
  • des moyens d'entrainement 4 aptes à actionner en rotation la cuve conique 10,
et dans lequel les outils de mélange 20 sont agencés en des positions fixes par rapport au bâti 1.According to the invention, the mixer comprises:
  • articulation means 3 between said conical vessel 10 and the frame 1, able to allow rotation of the conical vessel 10 about its axis,
  • driving means 4 adapted to actuate the conical bowl 10 in rotation,
and wherein the mixing tools 20 are arranged at fixed positions relative to the frame 1.

Le mélangeur à cuve tournante représenté sur la figure 1 comprend ainsi une cuve de mélange 10, conique, dans lequel le mélange des matériaux est effectué, et des outils de mélange internes 20.The rotating bowl mixer shown on the figure 1 thus comprises a conical mixing tank 10, in which the mixing of the materials is carried out, and internal mixing tools 20.

La cuve de mélange 10 de forme conique comprend une partie supérieure 11 ayant une ouverture supérieure, le cône étant dirigé vers le bas.The conical shaped mixing tank 10 comprises an upper part 11 having an upper opening, the cone being directed downwards.

La cuve de mélange 10 est disposée de manière rotative par rapport au bâti 1, par le biais desdits moyens d'articulation 3.The mixing tank 10 is rotatably disposed relative to the frame 1, by means of said hinge means 3.

Ces moyens d'articulation peuvent comprendre des éléments de guidage tels que des paliers, interposés entre la cuve et le bâti aptes à reprendre la charge de la cuve et à autoriser la rotation par rapport au bâti.These articulation means may comprise guide elements such as bearings, interposed between the vessel and the frame adapted to resume the load of the vessel and to allow rotation relative to the frame.

Les moyens d'entrainement peuvent comprendre, selon un mode de réalisation, une couronne dentée 40 fixée à ladite cuve conique 10 et un moto réducteur 41, solidaire du bâti 1, engrenant avec ladite couronne dentée 41 de telle façon à transmettre le mouvement de rotation du moteur à la couronne dentée 41.The drive means may comprise, according to one embodiment, a ring gear 40 fixed to said conical tank 10 and a gear motor 41, integral with the frame 1, meshing with said ring gear 41 so as to transmit the rotational movement from the engine to the ring gear 41.

Selon un mode de réalisation, les moyens d'entrainement 4 peuvent permettent la mise en rotation de la cuve conique par alternance, suivant un premier sens de rotation et suivant un deuxième sens de rotation opposé, par intervalles de temps.According to one embodiment, the drive means 4 can enable the tapered vessel to be rotated alternately, in a first direction of rotation and in a second opposite direction of rotation, at intervals of time.

L'ouverture supérieure de la cuve 10 peut être fermée au moyen d'un couvercle 9 présentant une ou plusieurs ouvertures d'alimentation en matériaux.The upper opening of the tank 10 can be closed by means of a cover 9 having one or more material feed openings.

La cuve de mélange 10 comporte également le dispositif de vidange 13 en partie inférieure, à l'extrémité du cône formé par la partie inférieure. Selon un mode de réalisation non illustré de l'invention, une gouttière peut être disposée en amont du dispositif de vidange de telle façon à évacuer le béton formé vers un réceptacle.The mixing tank 10 also comprises the emptying device 13 in the lower part, at the end of the cone formed by the lower part. According to a non-illustrated embodiment of the invention, a gutter may be arranged upstream of the emptying device so as to evacuate the concrete formed to a receptacle.

Les outils de mélange internes 20 comprennent, notamment, la vis hélicoïdale 21 comprenant un arbre de rotation autour duquel une lame hélicoïdale est disposée et est destinée à agiter et remonter les matériaux se trouvant dans la cuve conique 10, au moins dans un premier sens de rotation de la vis.The internal mixing tools 20 comprise, in particular, the helical screw 21 comprising a rotation shaft around which a helical blade is disposed and is intended to stir and up the materials in the conical tank 10, at least in a first direction of rotation of the screw.

Ainsi, en faisant tourner la vis dans un premier sens de rotation, le mélange autour de la vis est déplacé vers le haut dans la cuve de mélange 10. Inversement, lorsque la vis tourne dans le deuxième sens, opposé, le mélange est forcé à descendre.Thus, by rotating the screw in a first direction of rotation, the mixture around the screw is moved upwards in the mixing tank 10. Conversely, when the screw rotates in the opposite second direction, the mixture is forced to go down.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le mélangeur peut ainsi présenter des moyens pour alterner le sens de rotation de la vis hélicoïdale 21.According to one embodiment, the mixer can thus have means for alternating the direction of rotation of the helical screw 21.

De préférence, la vis hélicoïdale 21 est utilisée lors du malaxage, la majeure partie du temps, pour remonter les matières. Inverser la rotation de la vis, par alternance, permet toutefois de supprimer les agglomérats de matières qui peuvent s'accumuler sur la sous face de la vis hélicoïdale.Preferably, the helical screw 21 is used during mixing, most of the time, to raise the materials. Inverting the rotation of the screw, alternately, however, allows to remove the agglomerates of materials that can accumulate on the underside of the helical screw.

Il est à noter que la vis hélicoïdale 21 peut être remplacée, selon un mode de réalisation illustré aux figures 12a et 12b, par un rotor 21' présentant des pales distinctes 27 agencées sur la hauteur et la circonférence et inclinées de manière à permettre de remonter les matériaux, de manière similaire à ladite vis hélicoïdale. Ce rotor est compatible avec les autres outils, et notamment le ou les racleurs 22,22' et l'outil de mélange rapide 23 qui est décrit par la suite.It should be noted that the helical screw 21 can be replaced, according to an embodiment illustrated in FIGS. Figures 12a and 12b , by a rotor 21 'having separate blades 27 arranged on the height and circumference and inclined so as to allow the materials to rise, similarly to said helical screw. This rotor is compatible with the other tools, and in particular the scraper or scrapers 22, 22 'and the rapid mixing tool 23 which is described below.

Les outils de mélanges internes 20 comprennent également ledit au moins un racleur 22,22' destiné à racler la paroi de la cuve 10. Ledit au moins racleur 22,22' est de préférence rigidement solidaire du bâti 1.The internal mixing tools 20 also comprise said at least one scraper 22, 22 'intended to scrape the wall of the tank 10. Said at least scraper 22, 22' is preferably firmly fixed to the frame 1.

Selon un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, les outils de mélange internes 20 comprennent deux racleurs 22,22', à savoir un racleur inférieur 22 et un racleur supérieur 22'.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the internal mixing tools 20 comprise two scrapers 22, 22 ', namely a lower scraper 22 and an upper scraper 22'.

Le racleur inférieur 22 et le racleur supérieur 22' sont décalés angulairement l'un par rapport à l'autre autour de l'axe de la cuve conique 10, notamment d'un angle inférieur à 45°. Le racleur inférieur 22 et le racleur supérieur 22' sont disposés chacun partiellement sur la hauteur de la cuve conique 10, aptes à racler la paroi de cuve conique 10, respectivement sur la partie basse 12 et la partie haute 11 de ladite cuve conique 10. Plus particulièrement, le racleur inférieur 22 destiné à racler la partie basse 12 de la cuve, c'est-à-dire la génératrice du cône formé, s'étend sur la partie inférieure de la hauteur du cône, et le racleur 22' supérieur destiné à racler la partie haute de la cuve racle la portion supérieure du cône, et s'étend sur la partie supérieure de la hauteur du cône.The lower scraper 22 and the upper scraper 22 'are angularly offset relative to each other about the axis of the conical vessel 10, in particular at an angle less than 45 °. The lower scraper 22 and the upper scraper 22 'are each partially arranged on the height of the conical tank 10, able to scrape the conical tank wall 10, respectively on the lower part 12 and the upper part 11 of said conical tank 10. More particularly, the lower scraper 22 for scraping the lower part 12 of the vessel, that is to say the generator of the formed cone, extends on the lower part of the height of the cone, and the scraper 22 'upper intended to scrape the upper part of the tank scrapes the upper portion of the cone, and extends over the upper part of the height of the cone.

Dans le cas de mélangeurs de plus grandes dimensions, les racleurs peuvent être de nombre supérieur à deux, par exemple trois racleurs décalés, d'une part, suivant la hauteur de la cuve pour racler respectivement la cuve sur la partie basse, une partie intermédiaire, et une partie haute, et d'autre part angulairement autour de l'axe de la cuve.In the case of larger mixers, the scrapers may be of number greater than two, for example three staggered scrapers, on the one hand, depending on the height of the tank to scrape respectively the tank on the lower part, an intermediate part. , and an upper part, and on the other hand angularly around the axis of the tank.

Eventuellement, le racleur inférieur 22 permet de racler également la paroi de l'obturateur 131, en position de fermeture de l'obturateur 131.Optionally, the lower scraper 22 can also scrape the wall of the shutter 131, in the closed position of the shutter 131.

Outre ladite vis hélicoïdale 21 et ledit au moins un racleur 22, les outils de mélange internes 20 peuvent comprendre également un outil de mélange rapide 23 comprenant un arbre de rotation 25 au bout duquel est disposée une extrémité de mélange 24 destiné à homogénéiser le mélange des matériaux dans la cuve.In addition to said helicoidal screw 21 and said at least one scraper 22, the internal mixing tools 20 may also comprise a rapid mixing tool 23 comprising a rotation shaft 25 at the end of which is disposed a mixing end 24 intended to homogenize the mixture of materials in the tank.

On entend par outil de mélange rapide un outil destiné à tourner à une vitesse de rotation supérieure à la vitesse de rotation de la vis hélicoïdale 21. Le moteur/motoréducteur 26 de cet outil peut permettre des vitesses de rotation supérieures à 100 tours/minute, de préférence supérieures à 150 tours/ minute. Dans certains cas, cet outil peut être utilisé à des vitesses bien inférieures, par exemple, pour désaérer le mélange.By rapid mixing tool is meant a tool intended to rotate at a speed of rotation greater than the rotational speed of the helical screw 21. The motor / gear motor 26 of this tool can allow rotational speeds greater than 100 rpm, preferably greater than 150 rpm. In some cases, this tool can be used at much lower speeds, by for example, to deaerate the mixture.

La vis hélicoïdale peut être prévue pour tourner à une vitesse comprise entre 50 et 100 tours/minute afin d'assurer une vitesse linéaire moyenne de déplacement du mélange comprise entre 1m/s et2m/s (i.e. 1,5m/s).The helical screw may be provided to rotate at a speed of between 50 and 100 rpm to provide an average linear speed of movement of the mixture of between 1m / s and 2m / s (i.e. 1.5m / s).

Telle qu'illustrée aux figures 1 et 9, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, l'extrémité de mélange 24 de l'outil de mélange rapide 23 est positionnée à proximité immédiate de l'obturateur 131 (en position de fermeture) et de la partie basse de la paroi conique de la cuve.As illustrated in figures 1 and 9 by way of nonlimiting example, the mixing end 24 of the rapid mixing tool 23 is positioned in the immediate vicinity of the shutter 131 (in the closed position) and the lower part of the conical wall of the tank.

L'extrémité de mélange 24 de l'outil de mélange rapide 23 peut être constituée essentiellement par un élément plat, notamment de forme en « A » inversé, tel qu'illustré aux figures 1.et 9. L'axe de rotation de l'outil de mélange rapide 23 est contenu dans le plan de l'élément plat. De préférence, cet élément plat est symétrique par rapport à l'axe de rotation de l'outil de mélange rapide 23.The mixing end 24 of the rapid mixing tool 23 may consist essentially of a flat element, in particular of inverted "A" shape, as illustrated in FIGS. figures 1 .and 9 . The axis of rotation of the rapid mixing tool 23 is contained in the plane of the flat element. Preferably, this flat element is symmetrical with respect to the axis of rotation of the rapid mixing tool 23.

Cette extrémité de mélange 24 peut ainsi être positionnée dans l'axe de l'arbre de rotation 25, l'arbre de rotation étant rigidement solidaire de l'aile horizontale du « A ». Telle qu'illustré à la figure 9, la pointe du « A » est aplatie de manière à optimiser le mélange à proximité immédiate de l'obturateur 131. L'arbre de rotation 25 est coaxial à l'axe de symétrie de l'extrémité de mélange en forme de « A ».This mixing end 24 can thus be positioned in the axis of the rotation shaft 25, the rotation shaft being rigidly secured to the horizontal flange of the "A". As illustrated in figure 9 the tip of the "A" is flattened so as to optimize mixing in the immediate vicinity of the shutter 131. The rotation shaft 25 is coaxial with the axis of symmetry of the "A" shaped mixing end. .

Une telle extrémité de mélange 24 permet à l'outil de mélange rapide de tourner à des vitesses importantes sans provoquer de fortes remontées de produits. L'action d'émiettage de l'extrémité de mélange 24 est obtenue essentiellement au niveau des arêtes extérieures de cette extrémité.Such a mixing end 24 allows the rapid mixing tool to rotate at high speeds without causing strong product lifts. The crumbling action of the mixing end 24 is obtained essentially at the outer edges of this end.

Avantageusement, ladite vis hélicoïdale 21, l'outil de mélange rapide 23 et ledit au moins un racleur 22 sont répartis angulairement autour de l'axe de rotation de la cuve conique 10.Advantageously, said helicoidal screw 21, the rapid mixing tool 23 and said at least one scraper 22 are angularly distributed around the axis of rotation of the conical vessel 10.

Lors du malaxage, au moins pendant une période de temps donnée, la cuve conique 10 peut être entrainée en rotation suivant le sens - vis hélicoïdale 21, outil de mélange rapide 23 et racleurs 22,22' et, simultanément, la vis hélicoïdale 21 est entrainée en rotation de telle façon à remonter les matières.During mixing, at least for a given period of time, the conical tank 10 can be rotated in the helical screw direction 21, rapid mixing tool 23 and scrapers 22, 22 'and, simultaneously, the helical screw 21 is rotated in such a way as to raise the materials.

Ainsi, lors d'une rotation de la cuve, la matière subit successivement l'action de la vis hélicoïdale 21 qui remonte la matière, l'action de l'outil de mélange rapide 23 sur lequel chute la matière remontée par la vis, et l'action du ou des racleurs 22,22' qui nettoient la cuve, en aval de l'outil de mélange rapide.Thus, during a rotation of the tank, the material undergoes successively the action of the helical screw 21 which raises the material, the action of the rapid mixing tool 23 on which the material raised by the screw, and the action of the scraper or scrapers 22, 22 'which clean the tank, downstream of the rapid mixing tool.

Cette disposition particulière dudit au moins un racleur 22 positionné entre la vis hélicoïdale 21 (ou son équivalent avec rotor 21') et l'outil de mélange rapide 23 rend avantageusement la configuration du mélangeur non symétrique. La position angulaire du racleur 22, en particulier le racleur inférieur, est de préférence plus proche de la vis hélicoïdale 21 (ou rotor 21') que de l'outil de mélange rapide 23.This particular arrangement of said at least one scraper 22 positioned between the helical screw 21 (or its equivalent with rotor 21 ') and the rapid mixing tool 23 advantageously makes the configuration of the mixer unsymmetrical. The angular position of the scraper 22, in particular the lower scraper, is preferably closer to the helicoidal screw 21 (or rotor 21 ') than to the rapid mixing tool 23.

Cette configuration non symétrique permet d'obtenir des flux de mélange différents, voire optimisée à la consistance du mélange en fonction du sens de rotation de la cuve conique 10, voire de l'outil de mélange rapide 23.This non-symmetrical configuration makes it possible to obtain different mixing flows, even optimized at the consistency of the mixture as a function of the direction of rotation of the conical vessel 10, or even of the rapid mixing tool 23.

La vis hélicoïdale 21 (ou rotor 21' équivalent) tourne de préférence dans le même sens que la cuve conique 10, de manière à remonter les produits.The helical screw 21 (or rotor 21 'equivalent) preferably rotates in the same direction as the conical tank 10, so as to raise the products.

Selon les constatations de l'inventeur, lorsque le mélange est relativement fluide une combinaison favorable des sens de rotation des outils et de la cuve est illustrée à la figure 12A.According to the findings of the inventor, when the mixture is relatively fluid a favorable combination of the directions of rotation of the tools and the vessel is illustrated in FIG. figure 12A .

La cuve conique tourne dans le sens -vis hélicoïdale 21 - racleur 22- outil de mélange rapide 23 (sens « + » selon l'exemple non limitatif de la figure 12a). Dans ce cas, l'action de mélange est amplifiée car la vis hélicoïdale 21 (ou rotor 21') peut agir sur une fraction du mélange confinée dans l'espace vis hélicoïdale 21/racleur 22 (ou rotor 21'/racleur 22).The conical vessel rotates in the direction-helicoidal screw 21-scraper 22- rapid mixing tool 23 (direction "+" according to the non-limiting example of the figure 12a ). In this case, the mixing action is amplified because the helical screw 21 (or rotor 21 ') can act on a fraction of the mixture confined in the helical screw space 21 / scraper 22 (or rotor 21' / scraper 22).

La fonction de mélange par le racleur 22 par déviation et étirement du flux est aussi amplifiée par la mise en mouvement forcé du mélange par la rotation de la vis hélicoïdale (ou rotor 21') qui tourne de préférence dans le même sens que la cuve conique 10, lorsque ladite vis 21 (ou rotor 21') remonte les produits.The function of mixing by the scraper 22 by deflection and stretching of the flow is also amplified by the forced movement of the mixture by the rotation of the helical screw (or rotor 21 ') which preferably rotates in the same direction as the conical vessel 10, when said screw 21 (or rotor 21 ') back products.

De préférence, l'outil de mélange rapide 23 est entrainé suivant ce même sens (sens + selon la figure 12a). L'action de cet outil de mélange rapide 23 est aussi amplifiée par la déviation du flux par le racleur 22 ce qui augmente l'action d'étirement du mélange imposée par l'outil de mélange rapide.Preferably, the rapid mixing tool 23 is driven in the same direction (+ direction according to the figure 12a ). The action of this fast mixing tool 23 is also amplified by the deflection of the flow by the scraper 22 which increases the stretching action of the mixture imposed by the rapid mixing tool.

Cependant, quand le mélange ou une partie du mélange est encore hétérogène, ce dernier n'est pas assez fluide pour suivre toutes ces déviations de flux telles qu'illustrées à la figure 12a : on constate un blocage de matériaux sur ledit au moins un racleur 22, ce qui diminue considérablement l'efficacité du mélangeur.However, when the mixture or part of the mixture is still heterogeneous, the latter is not fluid enough to follow all these flow deviations as illustrated in FIG. figure 12a : There is a material jamming on said at least one scraper 22, which significantly reduces the efficiency of the mixer.

L'inversion du sens de rotation de la cuve conique, voire du sens de rotation de l'outil de mélange rapide permet de résoudre ce problème, tel qu'illustré à la figure 12b. Le mélange entrainé par la rotation de la cuve conique 10 dans le sens racleur 22- vis hélicoïdale 21 (ou rotor 21')- outil de mélange rapide 23, se débloque du racleur 22. Il est mélangé d'abord par la vis 21 (ou rotor 21'), puis entrainé vers l'outil de mélange rapide 23.The inversion of the direction of rotation of the conical vessel, or even the direction of rotation of the rapid mixing tool, solves this problem, as illustrated in FIG. figure 12b . The mixture caused by the rotation of the conical tank 10 in the scraper 22-helical screw 21 (or rotor 21 ') - rapid mixing tool 23, is released from the scraper 22. It is mixed first by the screw 21 ( or rotor 21 '), then driven to the rapid mixing tool 23.

Dans les deux configurations illustrées aux figures 12a et 12b, l'outil de mélange rapide 23 est entrainé de préférence suivant le même sens de rotation que la cuve conique afin d'obtenir un étirement du produit par effet de laminage, effet favorable au mélange du type pâteux ou cohésif. Toutefois un fonctionnement de l'outil de mélange rapide 23 dans le sens inverse permet d'obtenir un effet de cisaillement favorable dans un mélange granulaire.In both configurations illustrated in Figures 12a and 12b , the rapid mixing tool 23 is preferably driven in the same direction of rotation as the conical vessel to obtain a stretching of the product by rolling effect, favorable effect to the pasty or cohesive type mixture. However, operation of the rapid mixing tool 23 in the opposite direction makes it possible to obtain a favorable shearing effect in a granular mixture.

Il est bien entendu que pour avoir une action significative sur le mélange, le ou les racleurs considérés, permettant de rendre le mélangeur non symétrique, sont le ou les racleurs, positionné(s), en dessous du niveau maximal Nmax du mélange dans la cuve. Ce type de racleur comprend donc au moins le racleur inférieur 22. Eventuellement, un racleur, supérieur 22', peut être positionné au dessus du niveau maximal de mélange Nmax dans la cuve. La fonction de ce racleur supérieur 22' est de ramener les produits collés sur la partie supérieure de la cuve, dans le mélange, tel qu'illustré à la figure 12c.It is understood that in order to have a significant effect on the mixture, the scraper (s) considered, making the mixer unsymmetrical, are the scraper (s) positioned below the maximum level Nmax of the mixture in the tank. . This type of scraper therefore comprises at least the lower scraper 22. Optionally, an scraper, upper 22 ', can be positioned above the maximum level of mixing Nmax in the tank. The function of this upper scraper 22 'is to return the glued products to the upper part of the tank, in the mixture, as illustrated in FIG. figure 12c .

En revanche, ce racleur supérieur 22' ne participe pas au mélange et ne crée pas d'effet de synergie avec les autres outils, pour le mélange, tel que développé plus haut. La position de ce racleur supérieur 22' par rapport aux autres outils et en relation au sens de rotation de la vis hélicoïdale (ou rotor 21') permettant la remontée des produits n'est pas déterminante pour les performances de mélange, contrairement au racleur inférieur 22.In contrast, this upper wiper 22 'does not participate in the mixture and does not create a synergistic effect with the other tools, for the mixture, as developed above. The position of this upper scraper 22 'relative to the other tools and in relation to the direction of rotation of the helical screw (or rotor 21 ') allowing the rise of the products is not critical for the mixing performance, unlike the lower wiper 22.

Tel qu'illustré à la figure 12c, le racleur supérieur 22' peut être positionné au dessus du niveau maximal Nmax de mélange dans la cuve conique, avantageusement positionné à proximité de l'outil de mélange rapide 23 de manière à décoller les produits de la cuve conique 10 et à les faire chuter au niveau de l'outil de mélange rapide 23.As illustrated in figure 12c , the upper scraper 22 'can be positioned above the maximum level Nmax of mixing in the conical tank, advantageously positioned near the rapid mixing tool 23 so as to loosen the products of the conical tank 10 and to make them fall at the rapid mixing tool 23.

Selon un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, le mélangeur comprend des moyens d'alimentation en liquide 25 dans la cuve de préférence agencés de telle façon à introduire les liquides directement au niveau de l'outil de mélange rapide 23.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the mixer comprises liquid supply means 25 in the tank preferably arranged in such a way as to introduce the liquids directly at the level of the rapid mixing tool 23.

Une telle disposition permettra une meilleure introduction des liquides aux matières sèchesSuch an arrangement will allow better introduction of liquids to dry matter

Par exemple, les liquides peuvent être introduits en partie supérieure de l'arbre de rotation 25 de l'outil de mélange rapide 23, à l'intérieur de l'arbre de rotation 25 creux, et sortent alors à l'autre extrémité de l'arbre de rotation 25 au niveau de l'outil de mélange rapide. Selon un autre exemple, les liquides peuvent s'écouler le long de l'arbre de rotation 25 de l'outil de mélange rapide sur sa surface externe.For example, the liquids may be introduced into the upper part of the rotational shaft 25 of the quick-mixing tool 23, inside the hollow rotation shaft, and then exit at the other end of the spindle. rotating shaft 25 at the quick mixing tool. In another example, liquids may flow along the rotational shaft of the quick-mix tool on its outer surface.

Les outils de mélange interne 20, plus particulièrement la vis hélicoïdale 21 et l'outil de mélange rapide 23, peuvent être entraînés au moyen de motoréducteurs, distincts et indépendants, respectivement, à l'extrémité de l'arbre de rotation de chaque outil, au niveau de la partie supérieure de la cuve. Les outils de mélange, internes, peuvent ainsi tourner à des vitesses de rotation différentes en fonction de la qualité et de la quantité des matériaux à mélanger.The internal mixing tools 20, more particularly the helical screw 21 and the rapid mixing tool 23, can be driven by means of geared motors, separate and independent, respectively, at the end of the rotation shaft of each tool, at the level of the upper part of the tank. The internal mixing tools can thus rotate at different speeds of rotation depending on the quality and quantity of the materials to be mixed.

Comme on peut l'observer sur la figure 2, les moteurs peuvent être montés sur une structure 8 en U inversé, appartenant au bâti 1, la structure 8 chevauchant la cuve conique 10. Eventuellement, cette structure 8 peut également accueillir le moteur destiné à entrainer en rotation la cuve conique 10.As can be seen on the figure 2 , the motors can be mounted on an inverted U-shaped structure 8, belonging to the frame 1, the structure 8 overlapping the conical tank 10. Optionally, this structure 8 can also accommodate the motor intended to drive the conical tank 10 in rotation.

Comme on peut l'observer aux figures 2 et 3, le couvercle 9 obturant la partie supérieure 11 de la cuve conique 10 peut être escamotable, au moins en partie et peut passer d'une position ouverte à une position fermée. Additionnellement ou alternativement, le couvercle 9 peut également présenter une ouverture d'alimentation 7 de matières, visible sur les figures 4 et 5, au centre de la partie supérieure de la cuve conique.As can be seen in Figures 2 and 3 , the cover 9 closing the upper part 11 of the conical tank 10 can be retractable, at less in part and can move from an open position to a closed position. Additionally or alternatively, the cover 9 may also have a feed opening 7 of materials, visible on the Figures 4 and 5 , in the center of the upper part of the conical tank.

Selon ce mode de réalisation, l'agencement des outils de mélange internes 20 autorise ainsi la présence de ladite ouverture d'alimentation 7, dans l'axe de la cuve.According to this embodiment, the arrangement of the internal mixing tools 20 thus allows the presence of said feed opening 7, in the axis of the tank.

Selon un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, illustré non limitativement aux figures 6, 8 et 9, le dispositif de vidange 13 comprend ladite ouverture inférieure de vidange 130, et l'obturateur 131 apte à fermer l'ouverture inférieure de vidange 130.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, illustrated not only in figures 6 , 8 and 9 , the emptying device 13 comprises said lower drain opening 130, and the shutter 131 adapted to close the lower drain opening 130.

Cet obturateur 131 est articulé autour d'un axe coaxial A à l'axe de rotation de la cuve, en position de fermeture, de telle façon à pouvoir tourner solidairement avec la cuve 10 en position de fermeture de l'obturateur, l'obturateur 131 étant alors entraîné par la cuve. Les moyens de pivotement entre l'obturateur 131 et son support peuvent comprendre un roulement à billes 135 disposé autour de l'axe de telle façon à autoriser la rotation de l'obturateur 131 lorsqu'il est solidaire de la cuve conique 10, pressé contre cette dernière.This shutter 131 is articulated about a coaxial axis A to the axis of rotation of the tank, in the closed position, so that it can rotate integrally with the tank 10 in the closed position of the shutter, the shutter 131 being then driven by the tank. The pivoting means between the shutter 131 and its support may comprise a ball bearing 135 arranged around the axis in such a way as to allow the shutter 131 to rotate when it is secured to the conical tank 10, pressed against the latter.

Encore selon un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, un vérin 132, ou autre actionneur, permet de déplacer l'obturateur 131 de la position de fermeture vers une position décollée suivant une translation de direction parallèle à l'axe de la cuve conique 20.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, a jack 132 or other actuator makes it possible to move the shutter 131 from the closed position to a detached position following a translation of direction parallel to the axis of the conical vessel. 20.

Une fois l'obturateur 131 en position décollée, l'ensemble obturateur/vérin, solidaire d'un bras 134 peut être déplacé en rotation grâce à une articulation 137 entre le bras 134 et le bâti 1, notamment d'axe parallèle à l'axe de la cuve en dehors du champ de l'ouverture 130, et jusqu'à la position de vidange de l'obturateur.Once the shutter 131 in the unstuck position, the shutter / jack assembly, integral with an arm 134 can be moved in rotation by means of a hinge 137 between the arm 134 and the frame 1, in particular of axis parallel to the axis of the tank outside the field of the opening 130, and to the position of emptying the shutter.

La rotation du bras 134 suivant l'articulation 137 est de préférence actionnée par un actionneur 138.The rotation of the arm 134 following the articulation 137 is preferably actuated by an actuator 138.

L'obturateur 131 peut présenter une nervure circulaire 139 à fonction de casse goutte, évitant les coulures sur le mécanisme (vérin 132) permettant de monter ou de baisser l'obturateur 131.The shutter 131 may have a circular rib 139 with a breakage function, avoiding run-off on the mechanism (jack 132) for raising or lowering the shutter 131.

Ce mécanisme, ainsi que les moyens de pivotement peuvent être protégés à l'intérieur d'un manchon souple 140, joignant l'obturateur 131 et son support.This mechanism, as well as the pivoting means can be protected inside a flexible sleeve 140, joining the shutter 131 and its support.

Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, la liaison entre l'obturateur 131 et son support (notamment le bras 134) comprend des éléments élastomères 133 de manière à autoriser un désaxement de l'obturateur 131.According to an advantageous embodiment, the connection between the shutter 131 and its support (in particular the arm 134) comprises elastomeric elements 133 so as to allow disengagement of the shutter 131.

Selon le mode de réalisation de la figure 9, ces éléments élastomères 133 sont prévus notamment entre la tige et le piston du vérin 132. Ces éléments élastomères 133 permettent à l'obturateur 131 de fermer la cuve et d'assurer l'étanchéité lors de la rotation, même en cas de léger désaxement entre l'axe de rotation de la cuve conique 10 et l'axe de rotation de l'obturateur 131, ou encore de fermer la cuve conique 10 même lorsque l'ouverture 130 n'est pas complètement propre.According to the embodiment of the figure 9 these elastomeric elements 133 are provided in particular between the rod and the piston of the cylinder 132. These elastomeric elements 133 allow the shutter 131 to close the tank and seal during rotation, even in the event of slight misalignment between the axis of rotation of the conical vessel 10 and the axis of rotation of the shutter 131, or to close the conical vessel 10 even when the opening 130 is not completely clean.

D'une manière générale la cuve conique peut être notamment en métal, la paroi intérieure de préférence recouverte d'un blindage céramique.In general, the conical tank may be in particular metal, the inner wall preferably covered with a ceramic shield.

Avantageusement, le dispositif le dispositif de vidange 13 peut comprendre, au niveau de l'ouverture inférieure 130 de la cuve conique 10, une bague 136, fixée de manière amovible sur la cuve conique 10, notamment au moyens de vis 137. Cette bague 136 peut être facilement remplacée en cas d'usure.Advantageously, the device the emptying device 13 may comprise, at the level of the lower opening 130 of the conical tank 10, a ring 136, removably attached to the conical tank 10, in particular by means of screws 137. This ring 136 can be easily replaced in case of wear.

Cette bague 136 constitue un siège pour l'obturateur 131 en position de fermeture et assure l'étanchéité entre l'obturateur 131 et la cuve conique 10. Avantageusement, de préférence, cette bague 136 permet de supprimer l'espace mort entre le blindage 15 de la cuve conique et l'obturateur. L'étanchéité entre l'obturateur 131 et cette bague 136 peut être améliorée grâce à un joint circulaire 138, porté soit par l'obturateur 131, soit par ladite bague 136.This ring 136 constitutes a seat for the shutter 131 in the closed position and seals between the shutter 131 and the conical tank 10. Advantageously, this ring 136 preferably eliminates the dead space between the shield 15 of the conical tank and the shutter. The seal between the shutter 131 and this ring 136 can be improved thanks to a circular seal 138, carried either by the shutter 131 or by said ring 136.

Telle qu'illustrée à la figure 11, cette bague 136 peut présenter une section en L, l'aile horizontale présentant des trous pour des organes de fixation (i.e. des vis) permettant la solidarisation de la bague 136 à la cuve conique 10, l'intérieur de l'aile verticale en L de la bague 136 étant destiné à engager avec l'obturateur, sous forme d'un disque, par emboîtement. L'extrémité supérieure de cette aile verticale est d'épaisseur sensiblement égale à l'épaisseur du blindage céramique 15 de telle façon à recouvrir le chant inférieur du blindage en supprimant l'espace mort.As illustrated in figure 11 , this ring 136 may have an L-shaped section, the horizontal wing having holes for fixing (ie screws) for securing the ring 136 to the conical bowl 10, the inside of the vertical wing L of the ring 136 being intended to engage with the shutter, in the form of a disk, by nesting. The upper end of this vertical wing is of thickness substantially equal to the thickness of the ceramic shield 15 so as to cover the lower edge of the shield by removing the dead space.

Selon un mode de réalisation non illustré, l'axe de rotation de la cuve conique 10 peut être incliné, de préférence de telle façon à ce qu'une génératrice de la cuve conique 10 soit sensiblement verticale. Une telle disposition de la cuve conique 10 permet notamment de faciliter la vidange du béton une fois celui-ci terminé.According to a non-illustrated embodiment, the axis of rotation of the conical vessel 10 may be inclined, preferably such that a generatrix of the conical vessel 10 is substantially vertical. Such an arrangement of the conical vessel 10 in particular makes it easier to empty the concrete once it is finished.

Un mélangeur tel que décrit précédemment est notamment utilisé pour le malaxage de béton et peut également être utilisé pour le malaxage de sable de fonderie.A mixer as described above is especially used for mixing concrete and can also be used for mixing foundry sand.

Naturellement d'autres modes de réalisation auraient pu être envisagés sans pour autant sortir du cadre de l'invention telle que définie par les revendications ci-après.Naturally other embodiments could have been envisaged without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims below.

NOMENCLATURENOMENCLATURE

  • 1 Bâti,1 Frame,
  • 3 Moyens d'articulation,3 Articulation means,
  • 4 Moyens d'entrainement,4 Training means,
  • 7 Ouverture d'alimentation,7 Feed opening,
  • 8 Structure en U,8 U-shaped structure
  • 9 Couvercle,9 Cover,
  • 10 Cuve conique,10 conical tank,
  • 11 Partie haute de la cuve,11 Upper part of the tank,
  • 12 Partie basse de la cuve,12 Bottom of the tank,
  • 13 Dispositif de vidange,13 Draining device,
  • 14 Platine,14 Platinum,
  • 15. Blindage céramique,15. Ceramic shielding,
  • 20 Outils de mélange,20 mixing tools,
  • 21 Vis hélicoïdale,21 helical screw,
  • 21' Rotor avec pales (équivalent à la vis hélicoïdale 21)21 'Rotor with blades (equivalent to helical screw 21)
  • 22, 22' Racleurs (inférieur et supérieur),22, 22 'Scrapers (lower and upper),
  • 23 Outil de mélange rapide,23 Quick mix tool,
  • 24 Extrémité de mélange (Outil de mélange rapide),24 Mixing End (Quick Mixing Tool),
  • 25 Arbre de rotation (Outil de mélange rapide),25 Rotation shaft (quick mixing tool),
  • 26 Moteur (Outil de mélange rapide),26 Engine (Quick Mixing Tool),
  • 27. Pales (rotor 21'),27. Blades (rotor 21 '),
  • 130 Ouverture inférieure de vidange,130 Lower opening of emptying,
  • 131 Obturateur escamotable,131 Retractable shutter,
  • 132 Vérin,132 Cylinder,
  • 133 Liaison élastomère,133 Elastomeric bond,
  • 134 Bras,134 Arms,
  • 135 Roulement à billes,135 Ball bearing,
  • 136 Bague (Siège obturateur),136 Ring (Shutter Seat),
  • 137 Vis,137 Screw,
  • 138. Joint,138. Joint,
  • 139 Nervure circulaire (casse goutte),139 circular rib (breakage),
  • 140. Manchon souple.140. Flexible sleeve.
  • Nmax. Niveau maximal du mélange dans la cuveN.sub.max. Maximum level of mixing in the tank

Claims (22)

Mélangeur comprenant : - un bâti (1) - une cuve conique (10), fermée en partie supérieure, - un dispositif de vidange (13) en partie inférieure comprenant une ouverture inférieure (130) de la cuve et un obturateur (131) apte à passer d'une position de fermeture vers une position de vidange, - des outils de mélange (20), internes à la cuve conique (10), comprenant une vis hélicoïdale (21) s'étendant suivant la hauteur de la cuve et au moins un racleur (22,22') destiné à racler la paroi conique de la cuve (10), caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend : - des moyens d'articulation entre ladite cuve conique (10) et le bâti (1), aptes à permettre la rotation de la cuve conique autour de son axe, - des moyens d'entrainement aptes à actionner en rotation la cuve conique (10), et dans lequel les outils de mélange (20) sont agencés en des positions fixes par rapport au bâti (1).Mixer comprising: - a frame (1) - a conical tank (10), closed in the upper part, - A drain device (13) in the lower part comprising a lower opening (130) of the tank and a shutter (131) adapted to pass from a closed position to a drain position, - Mixing tools (20), internal to the conical vessel (10), comprising a helical screw (21) extending along the height of the vessel and at least one scraper (22, 22 ') for scraping the wall conical bowl (10), characterized in that it comprises: - articulation means between said conical vessel (10) and the frame (1), adapted to allow the rotation of the conical vessel about its axis, driving means able to actuate in rotation the conical tank (10), and wherein the mixing tools (20) are arranged at fixed positions relative to the frame (1). Mélangeur selon la revendication 1, dans lequel lesdits outils de mélange (20), internes à la cuve conique (10), solidaires du bâti (1), comprennent, outre la vis hélicoïdale (21) et ledit au moins un racleur (22), un outil de mélange rapide (23).Mixer according to claim 1, wherein said mixing tools (20), internal to the conical bowl (10), integral with the frame (1), comprise, in addition to the helical screw (21) and said at least one scraper (22). , a rapid mixing tool (23). Mélangeur selon la revendication 2, dans lequel la vis hélicoïdale (21), l'outil de mélange rapide (23) et ledit au moins un racleur (22,22') sont répartis angulairement autour de l'axe de la cuve conique (10).Mixer according to Claim 2, in which the helical screw (21), the quick-mixing tool (23) and the at least one scraper (22, 22 ') are angularly distributed around the axis of the conical tank (10). ). Mélangeur selon la revendication 3, dans lequel le sens de rotation de la vis hélicoïdale (21) provoquant la remontée de produits, d'une part, et le sens de rotation de la cuve conique (10) suivant le sens des outils travaillant le mélange, à savoir le sens -vis hélicoïdale (21)- ledit au moins un racleur (22) - outil de mélange rapide (23), d'autre part, sont similaires.Mixer according to claim 3, wherein the direction of rotation of the helical screw (21) causing the rise of products, on the one hand, and the direction of rotation of the conical tank (10) according to the direction of the tools working the mixture, namely the helical direction (21) - said at least one scraper (22) - rapid mixing tool (23), on the other hand, are similar. Mélangeur selon l'une des revendications 2 à 4, dans lequel l'outil de mélange rapide comprend une extrémité de mélange (24) positionnée à proximité immédiate de la partie basse de la paroi conique de la cuve (10) et de l'obturateur (131), dans la position de fermeture de l'obturateur.Mixer according to one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the rapid mixing tool comprises a mixing end (24) positioned in close proximity to the lower part of the conical wall of the tank (10) and the shutter (131), in the closed position of the shutter. Mélangeur selon l'une des revendications 2 à 5, dans lequel l'extrémité de mélange (24) de l'outil de mélange rapide (23) est constituée par un élément plat, l'axe de rotation de l'outil de mélange rapide (23) étant contenu dans le plan de l'élément plat.Mixer according to one of Claims 2 to 5, in which the mixing end (24) of the quick-mixing tool (23) is constituted by a flat element, the axis of rotation of the quick-mixing tool (23) being contained in the plane of the flat element. Mélangeur selon la revendication 6, dans lequel l'élément plat est symétrique par rapport à l'axe de rotation de l'outil de mélange rapide (23).Mixer according to claim 6, wherein the flat element is symmetrical with respect to the axis of rotation of the rapid mixing tool (23). Mélangeur selon la revendication 7, dans lequel l'élément plat de l'extrémité de mélange est de forme en « A » inversé, positionné dans l'axe de l'arbre de rotation (25) de l'outil de mélange rapide (23), l'arbre de rotation (25) étant rigidement solidaire de l'aile horizontale du « A » de l'élément plat.Mixer according to Claim 7, in which the flat element of the mixing end is of inverted "A" shape, positioned in the axis of the rotary shaft (25) of the quick-mixing tool (23). ), the rotation shaft (25) being rigidly secured to the horizontal flange of the "A" of the flat element. Mélangeur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8 dans lequel ledit au moins un racleur (22, 22') comprend un racleur inférieur (22) et un racleur supérieur (22'), décalés angulairement l'un par rapport l'autre autour de l'axe de la cuve, disposés chacun partiellement sur la hauteur de la cuve conique (10), aptes à racler la paroi de cuve conique (10), respectivement sur la partie basse (12) et la partie haute (11) de ladite cuve conique (10).Mixer according to one of claims 1 to 8 wherein said at least one scraper (22, 22 ') comprises a lower scraper (22) and an upper scraper (22'), angularly offset relative to each other around of the shaft of the tank, each partially arranged on the height of the conical tank (10), able to scrape the conical tank wall (10), respectively on the lower part (12) and the upper part (11) of said conical vessel (10). Mélangeur selon les revendications 2 et 9, dans lequel le racleur supérieur (22') est positionné au dessus du niveau maximal (Nmax) de mélange dans la cuve conique, positionné à proximité de l'outil de mélange rapide (23) de manière à décoller les produits de la cuve et de les faire chuter au niveau de l'outil de mélange rapide (23).Mixer according to claims 2 and 9, wherein the upper wiper (22 ') is positioned above the maximum mixing level (Nmax) in the tapered vessel, positioned near the rapid mixing tool (23) so as to loosen the products from the tank and to drop them at the level of the rapid mixing tool (23). Mélangeur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, dans lequel ledit au moins un racleur (22,22'), le cas échéant ledit racleur inférieur (22) permet de racler, outre la paroi conique de la cuve, la paroi de l'obturateur (131).Mixer according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein said at least one scraper (22,22 '), where appropriate said lower scraper (22) can scrape, in addition to the conical wall of the tank, the wall of the shutter (131). Mélangeur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, présentant une ouverture d'alimentation de matière (7) au centre de la partie supérieure de la cuve conique (10).Mixer according to one of claims 1 to 11, having a material supply opening (7) in the center of the upper part of the conical vessel (10). Mélangeur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, présentant des moyens de pivotement entre l'obturateur (131) et son support lesdits moyens de pivotement étant d'axe de rotation coaxial à l'axe de rotation de la cuve conique (10), en position de fermeture de l'obturateur de telle façon à ce que l'obturateur (131) tourne solidairement avec la cuve en position de fermeture de l'obturateur (131).Mixer according to one of claims 1 to 12, having means for pivoting between the shutter (131) and its support, said pivoting means being of axis of rotation coaxial with the axis of rotation of the conical tank (10) , in the closing position of the shutter so that the shutter (131) rotates integrally with the tank in the closed position of the shutter (131). Mélangeur selon la revendication 13, dans lequel un vérin (132) permet de déplacer l'obturateur (131) de la position de fermeture vers une position décollée suivant une translation de direction parallèle à l'axe de la cuve conique (20) l'ensemble obturateur/vérin étant solidaire d'un bras (134) articulé sur le bâti pour escamoter complètement ledit obturateur vers la position de vidange.Mixer according to claim 13, wherein a jack (132) moves the shutter (131) from the closed position to a peeled position in a directional translation parallel to the axis of the conical tank (20). shutter / jack assembly being secured to an arm (134) articulated on the frame to completely retract said shutter to the emptying position. Mélangeur selon la revendication 13 ou 14, dans lequel le dispositif de vidange (13) comprend une bague (136), fixée de manière amovible sur la cuve conique, au niveau de l'ouverture inférieure (130), constituant un siège pour l'obturateur (131) en position de fermeture et assurant l'étanchéité entre l'obturateur (131) et la cuve conique (10).Mixer according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the draining device (13) comprises a ring (136), removably attached to the tapered tank, at the bottom opening (130), providing a seat for the shutter (131) in the closed position and sealing between the shutter (131) and the conical vessel (10). Mélangeur selon la revendication15, dans lequel la paroi intérieure de la cuve est recouverte par un blindage céramique (15), ladite bague (136) permettant de supprimer l'espace mort entre le blindage (15) de la cuve conique (10) et l'obturateur (131) en position de fermeture.Mixer according to claim 15, wherein the inner wall of the tank is covered by a ceramic shield (15), said ring (136) for removing the dead space between the shield (15) of the conical tank (10) and the shutter (131) in the closed position. Mélangeur selon l'une des revendications 13 à 16, dans lequel la liaison entre l'obturateur et son support comprend des éléments élastomères (133) de manière à autoriser un désaxement de l'obturateur (131).Mixer according to one of claims 13 to 16, wherein the connection between the shutter and its support comprises elastomeric elements (133) so as to allow disengagement of the shutter (131). Mélangeur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 17 comprenant des moyens d'alimentation en liquide dans la cuve agencés de telle façon à introduire les liquides directement au niveau dudit outil de mélange rapide (23).Mixer according to one of Claims 1 to 17, comprising liquid supply means in the tank arranged in such a way as to introduce the liquids directly at the level of said rapid mixing tool (23). Mélangeur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 18, dans lequel le mélangeur comprend des moyens pour alterner le sens de rotation de la cuve.Mixer according to one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the mixer comprises means for alternating the direction of rotation of the vessel. Mélangeur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 19, dans lequel ledit axe de rotation de la cuve est incliné par rapport à la verticale, de préférence de telle façon à ce qu'une génératrice de la cuve conique (10) soit sensiblement verticale.Mixer according to one of claims 1 to 19, wherein said axis of rotation of the vessel is inclined relative to the vertical, preferably such that a generatrix of the conical vessel (10) is substantially vertical. Mélangeur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 20, dans lequel ladite vis hélicoïdale (21) est remplacée par un rotor (21') présentant des pales distinctes (27) agencées sur la hauteur et la circonférence dudit rotor et inclinées de manière à permettre de remonter les matériaux, de manière similaire à une vis hélicoïdale.Mixer according to one of claims 1 to 20, wherein said helical screw (21) is replaced by a rotor (21 ') having separate blades (27) arranged on the height and circumference of said rotor and inclined to allow to reassemble the materials, similarly to a helical screw. Utilisation d'un mélangeur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 21 pour le malaxage de béton.Use of a mixer according to one of claims 1 to 21 for mixing concrete.
EP14151224.4A 2013-01-15 2014-01-15 Rotary mixer with conical vessel Active EP2754484B1 (en)

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FR1350325A FR3000906B1 (en) 2013-01-15 2013-01-15 CONICAL CONVEYOR TANK MIXER

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CN104587864A (en) * 2015-01-09 2015-05-06 长兴明晟冶金炉料有限公司 Metallurgical material stirring device
CN104690833A (en) * 2015-03-16 2015-06-10 天津炬实科技发展有限公司 Small cement mixer
CN105170001A (en) * 2015-08-25 2015-12-23 晋江兴翼机械有限公司 Combined stirring device
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CN107053477A (en) * 2017-03-09 2017-08-18 长安大学 Vertical inclined shaft concrete mixer
CN107497314A (en) * 2017-09-29 2017-12-22 白皓 A kind of mixer for being easy to cleaning
CN110370459A (en) * 2019-07-26 2019-10-25 汉寿县恒伟混凝土有限公司 The fast concrete central mix plant of one kind three
CN110608976A (en) * 2019-10-19 2019-12-24 临安鼎昇建材有限公司 Device for detecting adaptability of concrete admixture
CN112223539A (en) * 2020-09-23 2021-01-15 任仲昊 Mixing device with good mixing effect

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CN109261023A (en) * 2018-11-17 2019-01-25 镇江市美鑫塑料粉末有限公司 A kind of powdery paints batch mixer
CN110732270B (en) * 2019-11-19 2021-11-09 陕西睿浩生物有限公司 Fertilizer, fertilizer processing system and fertilizer processing method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104587864A (en) * 2015-01-09 2015-05-06 长兴明晟冶金炉料有限公司 Metallurgical material stirring device
CN104690833A (en) * 2015-03-16 2015-06-10 天津炬实科技发展有限公司 Small cement mixer
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CN110370459A (en) * 2019-07-26 2019-10-25 汉寿县恒伟混凝土有限公司 The fast concrete central mix plant of one kind three
CN110608976A (en) * 2019-10-19 2019-12-24 临安鼎昇建材有限公司 Device for detecting adaptability of concrete admixture
CN112223539A (en) * 2020-09-23 2021-01-15 任仲昊 Mixing device with good mixing effect

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PT2754484T (en) 2016-12-27
PL2754484T3 (en) 2017-04-28
FR3000906B1 (en) 2015-03-06
FR3000906A1 (en) 2014-07-18
ES2608555T3 (en) 2017-04-12
DK2754484T3 (en) 2017-01-09
EP2754484B1 (en) 2016-09-21

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