DK2754484T3

DK2754484T3 - Mixes with swivel conical container

Info

Publication number: DK2754484T3
Application number: DK14151224.4T
Authority: DK
Inventors: Eric Brunquet; Christian Destombes
Original assignee: Skako Concrete
Priority date: 2013-01-15
Filing date: 2014-01-15
Publication date: 2017-01-09
Also published as: ES2608555T3; EP2754484B1; EP2754484A1; PT2754484T; PL2754484T3; FR3000906A1; FR3000906B1

Description

Description [0001] The invention relates to a rotary vessel mixer, and more particularly to a conical vessel mixer for any type of concrete.

[0002] The mixer according to the invention also has a specific application for mixing foundry sands.

[0003] In the domain of concrete preparation, it is known to use fixed vessel mixers, inside which tools, driven in rotation, are brought to mix the products. Conventionally cylindrical vessel mixers are known, for example from document EP 1,842,583 A1, the tools of which are driven according to a complex rotational movement by a planetary type drive mechanism.

[0004] The state of the art in cement mixers also includes fixed conical vessel mixers. Said conical vessel is combined with agitation means, disposed axially in the vessel, the vessel comprising an emptying hatch at the bottom to empty the prepared concrete. The agitation means are generally composed of an endless screw associated with scrapers and/or mi-xing blades to enable the mixture of concrete to be homogenized during its preparation.

[0005] During the preparation of the concrete, the materials (cement, sand, gravel) are put into the vessel in a precise quantity in order to obtain the desired concrete or mortar, and water is progressively added thereto once the agitation means are started, the endless screw serving to lift up the materials at the bottom of the vessel and to mix them with the water, and the scrapers making it possible to avoid an accumulation of concrete on the wall of the vessel.

[0006] Known, for example from document EP 1,121,193, is such a mixer comprising a fixed conical vessel in which scrapers are disposed in proximity to the wall of the vessel, as well as an endless screw disposed in the centre of the vessel to mix the materials. A drive mechanism, comprising two motorisations, serves to rotate the endless screw and the scrapers along an axis of rotation coaxial with that of the conical vessel.

According to this document, the direction of rotation of the scrapers can be alternated in order to improve the quality of the mixing.

[0007] However, such a mixer involves a complex drive mechanism, particularly by the disposition of the tools generally in the centre of the vessel, and their system of rotation within the fixed vessel, which, according to the findings of the inventor, does not allow the materials to be added into the centre of the vessel, but only at the side.

[0008] According to the findings of the inventor, and because the materials are added only at the side of the vessel, the materials are not all dispersed properly at the beginning of mixing, which makes it necessary to prolong the mixing time in order to obtain the desired quality of concrete.

[0009] Moreover, because of the disposition of the drive mechanism, difficulties were also noted in the maintenance and cleaning of the mixers after use, access to the vessel being relatively difficult for the operators.

[0010] Also known from the document EP 0,737,507 is a powder mixer the conical vessel of which is mounted rotatably with respect to the chassis (or frame), and is rotated with respect to the chassis by means of drive means, the tools being fixedly mounted with respect to the chassis. The mixing tools comprise a first mixing screw rotated axially, oriented tangentially to a generatrix of the vessel, a second mixing screw rotated axially and oriented obliquely farther from the wall of the vessel, and a lump breaker/disperser tool oriented vertically along the axis of the vessel.

[0011] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome all or part of the aforementioned disadvantages by proposing a rotary conical vessel mixer.

[0012] More particularly, a purpose of the present invention is to propose a mixer enabling a mixing of products in less time.

[0013] Another purpose of the present invention is to propose such a mixer that is simple to maintain and clean.

[0014] Another purpose of the present invention is to propose such a mixer for which the direction of rotation and frequency of rotation of the tools can be adjusted.

[0015] Another purpose of the present invention is to propose such a mixer that is inexpensive and simple to implement.

[0016] These objectives, as well as others that will appear more clearly in the following, are achieved according to the invention by means of a mixer according to claims 1 and 2. The mixer can comprise: • a frame, • a conical vessel, closed in an upper part, • an emptying mechanism in a lower part, including a lower opening of the vessel and a closure capable of changing from a closed position to an emptying position, • mixing tools, internal to the conical vessel, including a helical screw extending along the height of the vessel and at least one scraper intended to scrape the conical wall of the vessel, [0017] According to the invention, the mixer comprises articulation means between said conical vessel and the frame, capable of allowing the rotation of the conical vessel around its axis, as well as drive means capable of rotating the conical vessel, the mixing tools being arranged in positions that are fixed with respect to the frame.

[0018] Advantageously, the mixer can have a material intake opening at the centre of the upper part of the vessel. In order to allow such an opening in the axis of the vessel, the mixing tools are not arranged along the axis of the vessel, but are disposed around it.

[0019] According to the invention, said mixing tools, internal to the vessel, integral with the frame, comprise, in addition to the helical screw and said at least one scraper, a quick mixing tool.

[0020] According to the invention, the helical screw, the quick mixing tool and said at least one scraper are distributed angularly around the axis of rotation of the conical vessel.

[0021] According to one embodiment, the direction of rotation of the helical screw causing the lifting of products, and the direction of rotation of the conical vessel according to the direction of the tools working the mixture, i.e. the helical screw - said at least one scraper - quick mixing tool - direction, are similar.

[0022] According to one embodiment, the quick mixing tool comprises a mixing end positioned in the immediate vicinity of the lower part of the conical wall of the vessel and the closure, in the closed position of the closure.

[0023] According to one embodiment, the mixing end of the quick mixing tool is comprised of a flat element, the axis of rotation of the quick mixing tool being contained in the plane of the flat element, the flat element preferably being symmetrical with respect to the axis of rotation of the quick mixing tool.

[0024] According to one embodiment, the flat element of the mixing end has an inverted “A” shape, positioned in the axis of the rotating shaft of the quick mixing tool, the rotating shaft being rigidly secured to the horizontal wing of the “A” of the flat element.

[0025] According to one advantageous aspect of the invention, the said at least one scraper comprises a lower scraper and an upper scraper, angularly offset from each other about the axis of the vessel, each arranged partially over the height of the conical vessel, capable of scraping the wall of the conical vessel, respectively over the lower part and the upper part of said conical vessel.

[0026] According to one embodiment, said at least one scraper, where appropriate said lower scraper, serves to scrape the wall of the closure as well as the conical wall of the vessel.

[0027] According to one embodiment, the mixer has pivoting means between the closure and its support, said pivoting means being a rotational axis coaxial to the rotational axis of the conical vessel, in the closed position of the closure, so that the closure rotates as one with the vessel in the closed position of the closure.

[0028] According to one embodiment, a hydraulic jack is used to move the closure from the closed position to a raised position according to a translation in a direction parallel to the axis of the conical vessel, the closure/cylinder assembly being secured to an articulated arm on the frame to completely retract said closure into the emptying position.

[0029] According to one embodiment, the emptying mechanism comprises a ring, removably attached to the conical vessel, near the lower opening, forming a seat for the closure in the closed position and providing the seal between the closure and the conical vessel.

[0030] According to one embodiment, the inner wall of the vessel is covered by a ceramic armour, said ring removing the clearance between the armour of the conical vessel and the closure in the closed position.

[0031] According to one embodiment, the link between the closure and its support includes elastomer elements so as to allow misalignment of the closure.

[0032] According to one embodiment, the mixer comprises means for feeding liquid into the vessel, arranged so as to add the liquids near said quick mixing tool.

[0033] According to the invention, the mixer comprises means for alternating the direction of rotation of the vessel.

[0034] According to a particular aspect of the invention, said rotational axis of the vessel is inclined to the vertical, preferably such that a generatrix of the conical vessel is substantially vertical.

[0035] According to one embodiment, said helical screw is replaced by a rotor having distinct blades arranged over the height and circumference of said rotor and inclined so as to allow lifting of the materials, in a manner similar to a helical screw.

[0036] Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will be seen more clearly from the following description of a particular embodiment of the invention, provided by way of simple illustrative and non-limiting example, and from the appended drawings in which: • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the rotary vessel mixer according to one embodiment of the invention; • Figure 2 is a front view of the mixer illustrated in figure 1; • Figure 3 is a front view of the mixer of figure 1; • Figure 4 is a side view of the mixer of figure 1; • Figure 5 is a detailed view of the material intake opening of the rotary vessel mixer of figure 1; • Figures 6 and 7 are bottom and top views of a rotary vessel mixer according to the invention; • Figure 8 is a bottom view illustrating the emptying mechanism of a rotary vessel mixer in the emptying position of the vessel; • Figure 9 is a detailed view illustrating the emptying mechanism of the mixer of figure 1; • Figure 10 is a partial view of the vessel, illustrating the arrangement of the scrapers; • Figure 11 is a detailed section view illustrating the emptying mechanism of the mixer of figure 1; • Figure 12a is a schematic top view of a mixer according to one embodiment comprising a helical screw (or equivalent rotor with blades), a quick mixing tool and at least one scraper distributed around the conical axis and illustrating the flows of materials when the vessel is driven in the helical screw -scraper - quick mixing tool direction, • Figure 12b is a schematic top view of a mixer according to one embodiment according to figure 12a illustrating the flows of materials when the vessel is driven in the helical screw - quick mixing tool - scraper direction. • Figure 12c is a schematic top view illustrating as a variant the position of the upper scraper, positioned above the maximum level of the mixture in the conical vessel.

[0037] As previously mentioned, the general principle of the invention therefore is based on the implementation of a rotary vessel mixer, capable of mixing a mixture of different materials, powdered and liquid, and intended for the manufacture of concrete.

[0038] To achieve said objective, a rotary vessel mixer capable of mixing different materials comprises a frame 1, a conical vessel 10, supported by the frame 1, closed at the upper part, and an emptying mechanism 13 at the lower part comprising a lower opening 130 of the vessel and a closure 131 capable of changing from a closed position to an emptying position.

[0039] Mixing tools 20, inside the conical vessel 10, include a helical screw 21 extending along the height of the vessel and at least one scraper 22, 22' intended to scrape the conical wall of the vessel 10.

[0040] According to the invention, the mixer comprises: • articulating means 3 between said conical vessel 10 and the frame 1, capable of allowing the rotation of the conical vessel 10 about its axis, • drive means 4 capable of rotating the conical vessel 10, and in which the mixing tools 20 are arranged in fixed positions with respect to the frame 1.

[0041] The rotary vessel mixer represented in figure 1 thus comprises the conical mixing vessel 10, in which the mixing of the materials is performed, and internal mixing tools 20.

[0042] The conical shaped mixing vessel 10 comprises an upper part 11 having an upper opening, the cone being directed downwards.

[0043] The mixing vessel 10 is disposed rotatably with respect to the frame 1, by said articulation means 3.

[0044] Said articulation means can comprise guide elements such as bearings, interposed between the vessel and the frame capable of receiving the load of the vessel and allowing the rotation with respect to the frame.

[0045] The drive means can comprise, according to one embodiment, a ring gear 40 attached to said conical vessel 10 and a gear motor 41, secured to the frame 1, engaging with said ring gear 41 in such a way as to transmit the rotational movement of the motor to the ring gear 41.

[0046] According to one embodiment, the drive means 4 can enable the alternating rotational movement of the conical vessel, according to one direction of rotation and according to a second opposite direction of rotation, by time intervals.

[0047] The upper opening of the vessel 10 can be closed by means of a cover 9 having one or more material intake openings.

[0048] The mixing vessel 10 also comprises the emptying mechanism 13 in the lower part, at the end of the cone formed by the lower part. According to one embodiment of the invention, not shown, a trough can be disposed upstream from the emptying mechanism in such a way as to empty the concrete thus formed to a receptacle.

[0049] The internal mixing tools 20 comprise, in particular, the helical screw 21 comprising a rotating shaft around which a helical blade is disposed and intended to agitate and lift the materials in the conical vessel 10, at least in the first direction of rotation of the screw.

[0050] Thus, by turning the screw in a first direction of rotation, the mixture around the screw is moved upwards in the mixing vessel 10. Conversely, when the screw turns in the second direction, opposite, the mixture is forced downwards.

[0051] According to one embodiment, the mixture can have means for alternating the direction of rotation of the helical screw 21.

[0052] Preferably, for most of the time during mixing the helical screw 21 is used to lift the materials. Alternately reversing the rotation of the screw, however, makes it possible to eliminate agglomerations that can accumulate on the lower face of the helical screw.

[0053] It should be noted that, according to an embodiment illustrated in figures 12a and 12b, the helical screw 21 can be replaced by a rotor 21' having distinct blades 27 arranged over the height and circumference and inclined so as to lift the materials in a similar manner to said helical screw. This rotor is compatible with the other tools, and particularly the scraper or scrapers 22, 22' and the quick mixing tool 23 described hereinafter.

[0054] The internal mixing tools 20 also comprise said at least one scraper 22, 22' intended to scrape the wall of the vessel 10. Said at least [one] scraper 22, 22' is preferably rigidly secured to the frame 1.

[0055] According to one particular embodiment of the invention, the internal mixing tools 20 comprise two scrapers 22,22', namely a lower scraper 22 and an upper scraper 22'.

[0056] The lower scraper 22 and the upper scraper 22' are angularly offset from each other around the axis of the conical vessel 10, particularly by an angle of less than 45°. The lower scraper 22 and the upper scraper 22' are each disposed partially over the height of the conical vessel 10, capable of scraping the wall of the conical vessel 10, respectively over the lower part 12 and the upper part 11 of said conical vessel 10. More particularly, the lower scraper 22 intended to scrape the lower part 12 of the vessel, i.e. the generatrix of the cone formed, extends over the lower part of the height of the cone, and the upper scraper 22' intended to scrape the upper part of the vessel scrapes the upper portion of the cone, and extends over the upper part of the height of the cone.

[0057] In the case of mixers of larger size, there can be more than two scrapers, for example three scrapers offset both along the height of the vessel to scrape respectively the vessel over the lower part, an intermediate part, and an upper part, as well as angularly around the axis of the vessel.

[0058] The lower scraper 22 could also serve to scrape the wall of the closure 131, in the closed position of the closure 131.

[0059] In addition to said helical screw 21 and said at least one scraper 22, the mixing tools 20 can also comprise a quick mixing tool 23 comprising a rotating shaft 25 at the end of which is disposed a mixing end 24 intended to homogenise the mixture of materials in the vessel.

[0060] Quick mixing tool is understood as being a tool intended to turn at a speed of rotation greater than the speed of rotation of the helical screw 21. The motor/gear motor 26 of said tool can enable speeds of rotation of more than 100 RPM, preferably more than 150 RPM. In some cases, said tool can be used at much lower speeds, for example in order to deaerate the mixture.

[0061] The helical screw can be designed to turn at a speed of between 50 and 100 RPM in order to ensure an average linear speed of movement of the mixture of between 1 m/sec. and 2 m/sec. (i.e. 1.5 m/sec.).

[0062] As illustrated in figures 1 and 9, by way of non-limiting example, the mixing end 24 of the quick mixing tool 23 is positioned in the immediate proximity of the closure 131 (in the closed position) and of the lower part of the conical wall of the vessel.

[0063] The mixing end 24 of the quick mixing tool 23 can be comprised essentially of a flat element, particularly in the form of an inverted “A,” as illustrated in figures 1 and 9. The axis of rotation of the quick mixing tool 23 is contained within the plane of the flat elements. Preferably, this flat element is symmetrical with respect to the axis of rotation of the quick mixing tool 23.

[0064] Said mixing end 24 can thus be positioned in the axis of the rotary shaft 25, the rotary shaft being rigidly secured to the horizontal wing of the “A.” As illustrated in figure 9, the point of the “A” is flattened in order to optimise the mixing in the immediate proximity of the closure 131. The rotary shaft 25 is coaxial with the axis of symmetry of the A-shaped mixing end.

[0065] Such a mixing end 24 enables the quick mixing tool to turn at high speeds without causing strong lifting of product. The crumbling action of the mixing end 24 is obtained essentially at the outer edges of said end.

[0066] Advantageously, the helical screw 21, the quick mixing tool 23 and said at least one scraper 22 are distributed angularly around the axis of rotation of the conical vessel 10.

[0067] During mixing, at least during a given period of time, the conical vessel 10 can be rotated in the helical screw 21, quick mixing tool 23 and scrapers 22, 22' - direction, and simultaneously the helical screw 21 is rotated in such a way as to lift the materials.

[0068] Thus, during a rotation of the vessel, the material is successively subject to the effect of the helical screw 21 which lifts the material, the effect of the quick mixing tool 23 onto which falls the material lifted by the helical screw, and the effect of the scraper(s) 22, 22' which clean the vessel, downstream of the quick mixing tool.

[0069] This particular disposition of said at least one scraper 22 positioned between the helical screw 21 (or its equivalent with rotor 21') and the quick mixing tool 23 advantageously makes the configuration of the mixer non-symmetrical. The angular position of the scraper 22, in particular the lower scraper, is preferably closer to the helical screw 21 (or rotor 21') than the quick mixing tool 23.

[0070] Said non-symmetrical configuration makes it possible to obtain different mixing flows, optimised for the consistency of the mixture, as a function of the direction of rotation of the conical vessel 10, or of the quick mixing tool 23.

[0071] The helical screw 21 (or equivalent rotor 2T) preferably turns in the same direction as the conical vessel 10, in such a way as to lift the products.

[0072] According to the findings of the inventor, when the mixture is relatively fluid a favourable combination of the directions of rotation of the tools and of the vessel is illustrated in figure 12A.

[0073] The conical vessel turns in the helical screw 21 - scraper 22 - quick mixing tool 23 -direction (“+” direction according to the non-limiting example of figure 12a). In this case, the mixing action is amplified because the helical screw 21 (or rotor 2T) can act on a fraction of the mixture confined in the helical screw 21/scraper 22 (or rotor 21'/scraper 22) space.

[0074] The mixing function by the scraper 22 by deviation and stretching of the flow is also amplified by the movement of the mixture forced by rotation of the helical screw (or rotor 2T) which preferably turns in the same direction as the conical vessel 10, when said screw 21 (or rotor 21') lifts the products.

[0075] Preferably, the quick mixing tool 23 is driven in this same direction (direction + according to figure 12a). The action of this quick mixing tool 23 is also amplified by the redirection of the flow by the scraper 22 which increases the stretching action of the mixture imposed by the quick mixing tool.

[0076] However, when the mixture or part of the mixture is still heterogeneous, said part is not fluid enough to follow all of these flow redirections as illustrated in figure 12a; the blockage of the materials is noted on said at least one scraper 22, which considerably reduces the efficiency of the mixer.

[0077] The reversal of the direction of rotation of the conical vessel, or even of the direction of rotation of the quick mixing tool, serves to resolve this problem as illustrated in figure 12b. The mixture driven by the rotation of the conical vessel 10 in the scraper 22 - helical screw 21 (or rotor 2T) - quick mixing tool 23 direction, is loosened from the scraper 22. It is first mixed by the screw 21 (or rotor 2T), then driven towards the quick mixing tool 23.

[0078] In the two configurations illustrated in figures 12a and 12b, the quick mixing tool 23 is preferably driven in the same direction of rotation as the conical vessel in order to obtain a stretching of the product by drawing, producing a favourable effect in a doughy or cohesive mixture. However, operating the quick mixing tool 23 in the reverse direction makes it possible to obtain a shearing effect that is favourable in a granular mixture.

[0079] It is understood, of course, that to have a significant action on the mixture, said scraper or scrapers, serving to make the mixer non-symmetrical, are the scraper or scrapers positioned below the maximum level Nmax of the mixture in the vessel. This type of scraper therefore comprises at least the lower scraper 22. Potentially, an up per scraper 22' can be positioned above the maximum mixture level Nmax in the vessel. The function of the upper scraper 22' is to draw the products stuck to the upper part of the vessel back into the mixture, as illustrated in figure 12c.

[0080] On the other hand, said upper scraper 22' does not participate in the mixing and creates no synergy effect with the other tools, for the mixture, as explained above. The position of this upper scraper 22' with respect to the other tools and in relation to the direction of rotation of the helical screw (or rotor 2T) enabling the lifting of the products is not determinant for mixing performance, unlike the lower scraper 22.

[0081] As illustrated in figure 12c, the upper scraper 22' can be positioned above the maximum mixing level Nmax in the conical vessel, advantageously positioned near the quick mixing tool 23 so as to detach the products from the conical vessel 10 and cause them to drop to the level of the quick mixing tool 23.

[0082] According to one particular embodiment of the invention, the mixer comprises means 25 for feeding liquid into the vessel, preferably arranged so as to add the liquids directly near the quick mixing tool 23.

[0083] Such an arrangement will enable a better introduction of liquids into the dry materials.

[0084] For example, the liquids can be added in the upper part of the rotary shaft 25 of the quick mixing tool 23, inside the hollow rotary shaft 25, and then leave from the other end of the rotary shaft 25 at the quick mixing tool. According to another example, the liquids can flow along over the exterior surface the rotary shaft 25 of the quick mixing tool.

[0085] The internal mixing tools 20, more particularly the helical screw 21 and the quick mixing tool 23, can be driven by different and independent gear motors, respectively, at the end of the rotary shaft of each tool, at the upper part of the vessel. The internal mixing tools can therefore turn at different speeds of rotation, depending on the quality and quantity of materials to be mixed.

[0086] As can be seen in figure 2, the motors can be mounted on an inverted U-shaped structure 8, as part of the frame 1, the structure 8 straddling the conical vessel 10. Potentially, said structure 8 can also accommodate the motor intended to rotate the conical vessel 10.

[0087] As can be seen in figures 2 and 3, the cover 9 closing off the upper part 11 of the conical vessel 10 can be retractable, at least in part, and can change from an open position to a closed position. Additionally or alternatively, the cover 9 can also have a material intake opening 7, visible in figures 4 and 5, at the centre of the upper part of the conical vessel.

[0088] According to this embodiment, the arrangement of the internal mixing tools 20 thus allows the presence of said intake opening 7 in the axis of the vessel.

[0089] According to a particular embodiment of the invention, shown without limitation in figures 6, 8 and 9, the emptying mechanism 13 comprises said lower emptying opening 130, and the closure 131 capable of closing the lower emptying opening 130.

[0090] Said closure 131 is articulated around an axis A coaxial with the axis of rotation of the vessel, in the closed position, in such a way as to be able to turn together with the vessel 10 in the closed position of the closure, the closure 131 being driven by the vessel. The pivoting means between the closure 131 and its support can comprise a ball bearing 135 disposed around the axis in such a way as to allow the rotation of the closure 131 when it is joined to the conical vessel 10 pressed thereagainst.

[0091] Again according to a particular embodiment of the invention, a hydraulic jack 132, or other actuator, serves to move the closure 131 from the closed position to a raised position according to a translation in a direction parallel to the axis of the conical vessel 20.

[0092] Once the closure 131 is in the raised position, the closure/jack assembly, integral with an arm 134, can be rotated because of an articulation 137 between the arm 134 and the frame 1, particularly of axis parallel to the axis of the vessel outside the field of the opening 130, up to the emptying position of the closure.

[0093] The rotation of the arm 134 along the articulation 137 is preferably actuated by an actuator 138.

[0094] The closure 131 can have a circular rib 139 functioning as a drop breaker, avoiding drips onto the mechanism (jack 132) serving to raise or lower the closure 131.

[0095] Said mechanism, as well as the pivoting means, can be protected inside a flexible sleeve 140 joining the closure 131 and its support.

[0096] According to one advantageous embodiment, the link between the closure 131 and its support (in particular the arm 134) includes elastomer elements 133 so as to allow misalignment of the closure 131.

[0097] According to the embodiment of figure 9, said elastomer elements 133 are provided in particular between the rod and the piston of the hydraulic jack 132. Said elastomer elements 133 enable the closure 131 to close the vessel and ensure the seal during rotation, even when there is a slight misalignment between the axis of rotation of the conical vessel 10 and the axis of rotation of the closure 131, or to close the conical vessel 10 even when the opening 130 is not completely clean.

[0098] In general, the conical vessel can be metal, the internal wall preferably being covered with a ceramic armour.

[0099] Advantageously, the emptying mechanism 13 can comprise, near the lower opening 130 of the conical vessel 10, a ring 136, removably attached to the conical vessel 10, particularly by means of screws 137. Said ring 136 can easily be replaced in the event of wear.

[0100] This ring 136 comprises a seat for the closure 131 in the closed position, and ensures the seal between the closure 131 and the conical vessel 10. Advantageously, preferably this ring 136 makes it possible to eliminate the clearance between the armour 15 of the conical vessel and the closure. The seal between the closure 131 and said ring 136 can be improved by a ring 138 born either on the closure 131 or on said ring 136.

[0101] As illustrated in figure 11, said ring 136 can have an L-shaped cross-section, the horizontal wing having holes for attachment members (i.e. screws) for securing the ring 136 to the conical vessel 10, the interior of the vertical wing of the L of the ring 136 being intended to engage with the disc-shaped closure by interlocking. The upper end of said vertical member has a thickness substantially equal to the thickness of the ceramic armour 15 so as to cover the lower edge of the armour while eliminating the clearance.

[0102] According to one embodiment, not shown, the axis of rotation of the conical vessel 10 can be inclined, preferably in such a way that a generatrix of the conical vessel 10 is substantially vertical. Such a disposition of the conical vessel 10 makes it possible to facilitate the emptying of the concrete once it is finished.

[0103] Naturally, other embodiments could be envisaged without going beyond the scope of the invention as defined by the claims set forth hereinafter.

PARTS LIST

[0104] I Frame, 3 Articulation means, 4 Drive means, 7 Intake opening, 8 U-shaped structure, 9 Cover, 10 Conical vessel, II Upper part of the vessel, 12 Lower part of the vessel, 13 Emptying mechanism, 14 Plate, 15 Ceramic armour, 20 Mixing tools, 21 Helical screw, 21' Rotor with blades (equivalent to the helical screw 21), 22, 22' Scrapers (lower and upper), 23 Quick mixing tool, 24 Mixing end (Quick mixing tool), 25 Rotary shaft (Quick mixing tool), 26 Motor (Quick mixing tool), 27 Blades (rotor 21'), 130 Lower emptying opening, 131 Retractable closure, 132 Hydraulic jack, 133 Elastomer element, 134 Arm, 135 Ball bearing, 136 Ring (closure seat), 137 Screws, 138 Ring, 139 Circular rib (drop breaker), 140 Flexible sleeve.

Nmax. Maximum level of the mixture in the vessel

Claims

A concrete mixer comprising: - a stand (1) - a tapered container (10) closed in an upper part, - an emptying device (13) comprising a lower part (130) of the container and a closure mechanism (131) capable of going from a closing position to an emptying position, - mixing tool (20) located inside the conical container (10) and comprising a screw auger (21) extending along the height of the container, and at least one scraper (22,22 ') intended to scrape the tapered wall of the container (10), - means for articulating the conical container (10) and the stand (1) capable of to enable the tapered container to be rotated about its axis, - propellants capable of activating the rotation of the tapered container (10) and wherein the mixing tool (20) is disposed in fixed positions relative to the frame (1) ) and wherein: - the mixing tool (20) located inside the conical container (10), and is fixedly connected to the frame (1), in addition to the screw auger (21) and the at least one scraper (22) comprises a fast mixing tool (23) comprising a rotary shaft (25) at whose end is a mixing end ( 24) designed to homogenize the blend of materials in the container; - a motor / motor with reduction gear (26) of the quick blend tool (23) is configured to allow the rapid blend tool to be rotated by a speed greater than 150 rpm, at a speed higher than the rotary speed of the auger (21), which is between 50 rpm and 100 rpm, - the auger (21), the quick mixing tool ( 23) and at least one scraper (22,22 ') is distributed at an angle about the axis of the conical container (10) and disposed in the container in such a way that the conical container (10) is mixed, at least in a given time period, can be driven in rotation in direction one - screw auger (21), quick mixing tool (23) and scraper (22,22 '), and at the same time the screw auger (21) is rotated to cause the materials to rise, and in such a way that the material under a the rotation of the container is successively subjected to the influence of the screw (21) causing the material to rise, the action of the quick mixing tool (23), thereafter the material rising by the screw (s), and the influence of the screw (s) scrapers (22, 22 ') which clean the container (10) downstream of the quick mixing tool and wherein the mixer comprises means for changing the direction of rotation of the container (10).

A concrete mixer comprising: - a stand (1) - a tapered container (10) closed in an upper part, - an emptying device (13) comprising a lower part (130) of the container and a closure mechanism (131) capable of proceeding from a closing position to an emptying position, - the mixing tool (20) located inside the tapered container (10) comprising a rotor (21 ') extending along the height of the container, which has various blades (27) arranged in the height and circumference of the rotor and inclined to cause the material to rise in the same manner as a screwdriver, and at least one scraper (22,22 '), intended to scrape the tapered wall of the container (10), - means for articulating the tapered container (10) with the support (1) capable of rotating the tapered container about its axis, - propellants capable of activating the rotation of the tapered container (10), wherein the tool (20) is placed in fixed positions relative to the rack (1), and wherein: - the mixing tool (20) located internally of the tapered container (10) and firmly connected to the rack (1), beyond the rotor (21 ') and at least one scraper (22) comprise a rapid mixing tool (23) comprising a rotary shaft (25) at whose end is a mixing end (24) intended to homogenize the mixture of materials in the container, - a motor / motor with reduction gear (26) of the rapid mixing tool (23) is configured to allow the rapid mixing tool to rotate at a speed higher than 150 rpm at a speed higher than the speed of rotation of the screw (21), which is between 50 rpm and 100 rpm, - the rotor (21 '), the quick mixing tool (23) and the at least one scraper (22,22 ') is distributed at an angle about the axis of the conical container (10) and disposed in the container in such a way that the conical container (10) during mixing, at least for a given period of time, can be driven in rotation in the direction - rotor (21 '), rapid mixing tool (23) and scrapers ( 22,22 ') and at the same time the rotor (21') is driven in rotation to cause the materials to rise, and in such a way that during a rotation of the container the material is successively subjected to the influence of the rotor (21 ') which the material to rise, the influence of the rapid mixing tool (23), then the material rising by the rotor (21 ') and the influence of the scraper (s) (22,22') which clean the container (10) downstream of the rapid mixing tool and wherein the mixer comprises means for changing the direction of rotation of the container (10).

A mixer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the direction of rotation of the screw auger (21) or the rotor (21 ') causes, on the one hand, the rise of the products and, on the other hand, the direction of rotation of the conical container (10) in the direction of tools which processes mixture, ie direction - screwdriver (21) / rotor (21 ') - at least one scraper (22) - quick mixing tool (23) is the same.

A mixer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the rapid mixing tool comprises the mixing end (24) disposed in the immediate vicinity of the lower portion of the conical wall of the container (10) and the closing mechanism (131), in the closing position of the closing mechanism.

A mixer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the mixing end (24) of the rapid mixing tool (23) consists of a flat element, wherein the axis of rotation of the rapid mixing tool (23) is contained in the plane of the flat element.

A mixer according to claim 5, wherein the flat element is symmetrical to the axis of rotation of the rapid mixing tool (23).

A mixer according to claim 6, wherein the flat element of the mixing end is in the form of an inverse "A" disposed in the axis of the rotary shaft (25) of the fast mixing tool (23), wherein the rotary shaft (25) is rigidly connected with the horizontal wing of «A» of the flat element.

A mixer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the at least one scraper (22, 22 ') comprises a lower scraper (22) and an upper scraper (22') mutually angularly displaced about the axis of the container, each disposed partially at the height of the tapered container (10), and capable of scraping the wall of the tapered container (10), respectively, on the lower portion (12) and the upper portion (11) of the tapered container (10).

A mixer according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the at least one scraper (22,22 '), if necessary the lower scraper (22) allows, in addition to the conical wall of the container, to scrape the wall of the closing mechanism (131) .

A mixer according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which has an opening for supplying material (7) in the middle of the upper part of the conical container (10).

A mixer according to any one of claims 1 to 10, which has pivoting means between the closing mechanism (131) and its carrier, the pivoting means having a rotational shaft coaxial with the rotary shaft of the tapered container (10) in the closing position of the closing mechanism, such that the closure mechanism (131) rotates firmly with the container in the closing position of the closure mechanism (131).

A mixer according to claim 11, wherein a cylinder (132) allows the closure mechanism (131) to move from a closure position to a raised position in a translation direction parallel to the axis of the tapered container (20), wherein the unit of the closure mechanism and the cylinder is firmly connected to an arm (134) which is hingedly connected to the rack to be able to collapse the closing mechanism completely in the emptying position.

A mixer according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the emptying device (13) comprises a ring (136) which is removably attached to the tapered container at the lower opening (130) which constitutes a seat of the closing mechanism (131) in the closing position and secures sealing between the closure mechanism (131) and the tapered container (10).

A mixer according to claim 13, wherein the lower wall of the container is covered by a ceramic armor ring (15), wherein the ring (136) allows the clearance between the armor ring (15) of the tapered container (10) and the closing mechanism (131) to be removed. in closing position.

A mixer according to any one of claims 11 to 14, wherein the connection between the closure mechanism and its carrier comprises elastomeric elements (133) to enable the closure mechanism (131) to be displaced axially.

A mixer according to any one of claims 1 to 15, comprising means for supplying liquid into containers arranged in such a way that they introduce the liquids directly at the level of the rapid mixing tool (23).

A mixer according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the axis of rotation of the container is inclined relative to the vertical, preferably in such a way that a generator of the conical container (10) is substantially vertical.

Use of a mixer according to any one of claims 1 to 17 for mixing concrete.