EP1848019B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de contact électrique et élément de contact correspondant pour interrupteur à basse, moyenne ou haute tension ou pour un disjoncteur de générateur - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de contact électrique et élément de contact correspondant pour interrupteur à basse, moyenne ou haute tension ou pour un disjoncteur de générateur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1848019B1
EP1848019B1 EP06008165A EP06008165A EP1848019B1 EP 1848019 B1 EP1848019 B1 EP 1848019B1 EP 06008165 A EP06008165 A EP 06008165A EP 06008165 A EP06008165 A EP 06008165A EP 1848019 B1 EP1848019 B1 EP 1848019B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact piece
process according
contact
copper
casting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP06008165A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1848019A1 (fr
Inventor
Dietmar Dr.-Ing. Gentsch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Technology AG
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ABB Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Technology AG filed Critical ABB Technology AG
Priority to EP06008165A priority Critical patent/EP1848019B1/fr
Priority to AT06008165T priority patent/ATE506683T1/de
Priority to DE502006009348T priority patent/DE502006009348D1/de
Priority to PCT/EP2007/003477 priority patent/WO2007121938A1/fr
Priority to CN2007800141402A priority patent/CN101427334B/zh
Priority to EP07724414A priority patent/EP2011135A1/fr
Publication of EP1848019A1 publication Critical patent/EP1848019A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1848019B1 publication Critical patent/EP1848019B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • H01H33/6643—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings having disc-shaped contacts subdivided in petal-like segments, e.g. by helical grooves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/0203—Contacts characterised by the material thereof specially adapted for vacuum switches
    • H01H1/0206—Contacts characterised by the material thereof specially adapted for vacuum switches containing as major components Cu and Cr

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a contact piece according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • vacuum interrupters In many cases, low, medium voltage, high voltage and generator switching devices are equipped with vacuum interrupters.
  • vacuum interrupters are known which are equipped with a radial magnetic field contact system (RMF).
  • the radial magnetic field is generated by coil sickle elements.
  • the sickle elements are created by slots which are incorporated in a contact piece plate.
  • a slotted contact pot which generates the radial magnetic field on a circular ring surface.
  • slots may also be required and incorporated.
  • RMF contact systems An important advantage of RMF contact systems is the low current path resistance of the overall arrangement using a sufficiently large contact pressure force. This results in a simple system.
  • RMF contact pieces with a cylindrical shape are used whose outer edges are rounded to improve the dielectric properties.
  • Zerspan resin be used for impressing the outer contour and for introducing the slots.
  • the outer geometry is applied by a Drehzerspanung and introduced the slots in the contact piece by sawing or milling.
  • the current method for introducing the slots is a Zerspantechnisches method, generation of slots is made per contact piece. This also applies to the molding of an external contact geometry.
  • the geotechnical generation of the contact piece geometry is naturally associated with corresponding costs DE 38 40 192 A1 is a switch contact arrangement for electric vacuum switch is known, the slotted contacts are composed of several, superimposed discs. The individual disks are slit by punching. In this case, the material thickness of the slices should not be greater than the slit width is selected for a perfect punching.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to make a manufacturing process for contact pieces of the generic type even more economical.
  • the inventive method for the production of contact pieces or a contact plate for vacuum interrupters is carried out so that the contact pieces after a chill casting - manufacturing process near net shape to a contact piece cast or cast by first the material is melted in a crucible and then poured into a metal mold, in which previously webs are introduced, the webs leave slots.
  • both the outer geometry and the slot geometry are finally introduced into a blank directly in a production step of the contact piece.
  • slots can be introduced to the surface aligned slots as well as slots that should be oriented at an angle to the surface.
  • slots may extend to the outer circumference of a Ronde as well as within these ends.
  • the aim of this consideration is the production of a contact material also from KupferChrom as the main composite material, but after a melt metallurgical process.
  • a powder CuCr production can be avoided, the "elements" in the desired mixing ratio at very high temperatures (1900 - 2200 ° C) in a ceramic crucible-melted.
  • the elements (base CuCr) completely dissolve into each other.
  • the melt is poured under a vacuum atmosphere or in a protective gas in a mold, so that it is possible to achieve very high cooling rates. If a shape is selected which is close to the end contour of the contact piece (liquid ⁇ solid ⁇ room temperature) and also has one or more webs, slots can be produced during casting in the contact piece.
  • the costs for the mechanical generation of the contact piece geometry can be partially or completely avoided.
  • a further cost saving is achieved by reducing the required material use compared to a solid disc, the volume of material of the slots is eliminated, as well as possibly the usually necessary excess for a blank.
  • the casting takes place under a protective gas Ar or H 2 or under a vacuum atmosphere in an oven, and the resulting composite material consists of a material combination of copper and chromium.
  • the contact piece is cast successively consisting of at least 2 layers by at least one erosion resistant CuCr layer as the first layer and at least one further, at least consisting of pure copper material layer is poured into the same mold.
  • the mold is divided, and is opened to trigger the finished contact piece.
  • a further advantageous embodiment is that, at least for one layer, a combination with other materials is provided which include tungsten, tungsten carbide, molybdenum, platinum, zirconium, yttrium or palladium, in addition to e.g. Copper and / or silver.
  • the chromium concentration in the composite material layer is between> 0 to 100 wt .-%, wherein when melting the CuCr material in addition to the copper material and chromium is partially or completely dissolved in the copper, so that during casting into the mold a very finely divided chromium precipitation takes place from the copper matrix.
  • the contact piece is subjected to a final dimension calibration calibration. As a result, expensive machining work becomes superfluous.
  • Conceivable is a switching device whose contact pieces are made according to one or more of the preceding method claims, and can be installed without further endab Wegserhusde finishing in a vacuum interrupter chamber.
  • the basis for erosion-resistant contact pieces is usually a powder metallurgically produced composite of the powder components copper and chromium, which are produced by a sintering or sintering process.
  • the contact piece can consist continuously of the material CuCr 25 but also be designed in two layers.
  • pure copper is selected for high conductivity in this layer.
  • the production of a ready-to-install contact piece can be achieved by selecting a melt-metallurgical production process in the following way:
  • the materials are weighed in the selected ratio.
  • the materials can be placed in powder form or for cost reasons as pellets in a crucible (eg MgO / ZrO). Thereafter, the melting of the material or materials and in the case of the CuCr material until the elements dissolve, a complete solubility is obtained at temperatures between 1900 and 2200 ° C.
  • the liquid metal is poured into a mold.
  • This method is used in many applications, including to achieve a high cooling rate.
  • the advantage of a very high cooling rate is that, especially with the CuCr in the copper matrix, the chromium precipitates very finely due to the existing miscibility gap (phase diagram).
  • Advantage of this method is that the melt is poured into a mold also cooled, which has the outer contour of the component and also the slot geometry in the form of webs in the mold.
  • the introduced webs can be used to further increase the cooling rate (across the cross section of the disks). It can be by this measure in addition to the desired shape a very fine crystalline material produced with also very fine chromium particles (dendrites) in the copper matrix.
  • the tool After removal of the cast component there is a blank whose dimensions are close to the dimensions of the design drawing, however, the tool must be provided with the required shrinkage allowance.
  • the design of the tool and the number of experiments can be shortened by the use of a corresponding chill casting software, which accounts for a large part of a possible and possibly occurring distortion, for example. during the subsequent solidification of the melt in advance (e.g., differences in density remaining in the casting, segregation, voids, pores, ).
  • the manufacturing process can be carried out as usual under vacuum or hydrogen. However, at least in the meantime, a reducing atmosphere may be present during the production of a ready-to-install contact piece (annealing). After this reducing process step may then be advantageous to reduce the H 2 gas content in the material then a vacuum annealing.
  • the contact piece can be calibrated in a further pressing process and thus brought to final dimensions.
  • the FIG. 1 shows the mold 1 with the introduced contour 2, which should have the contact piece after the casting process as an outer contour.
  • a survey 3 and there are webs 4 are arranged in the mold, which after a casting a hole and the desired slots in the cast Insert contact piece.
  • the mold 1 can be performed cooled from the outside.
  • the cooling rate of the melt is further increased.
  • FIG. 2 shows the mold 1 with the introduced webs 2 in cross section.
  • the contact piece knows the outer contour as well as the webs.
  • the webs may be designed so that they protrude through the contact piece.
  • FIG. 3 shows a mold 2, which is arranged vertically (or at an angle) standing.
  • the contact piece after the casting process (pouring of the melt through an opening 5) receives its outer contour.
  • a survey 4 can be arranged next to webs 3. After a casting process to get a hole and the desired slots in the contact piece.
  • the cooling rate can be further increased. Shown is a centrally divided mold, which may also be cooled from the outside. Due to the good heat conduction (short web lengths to Kokilleninnenwand) and the introduced elevation 4 and the webs 3, the cooling rate of the melt is further increased.
  • FIG. 4 shows the two-part mold 2 in cross section.

Landscapes

  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé de fabrication de pièces de contact ou d'une plaque de contact pour chambres de commutation sous vide, caractérisé en ce que
    les pièces de contact sont coulées à un contour proche de celui de la pièce de contact dans une opération de fabrication par coulée en lingotière en fondant d'abord le matériau dans un creuset et en le versant ensuite dans une lingotière métallique, éventuellement aussi dans une lingotière refroidie de l'extérieur, dans laquelle des traverses ont préalablement été placées, les traverses laissant des fentes dans la pièce de contact.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que pendant la coulée, la lingotière est maintenue à l'horizontale et donc couchée.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que pendant la coulée, la lingotière est maintenue à la verticale et donc debout ou sous un angle < 90°.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que la coulée s'effectue dans un four sous un gaz de protection Ar ou H2 ou sous une atmosphère en dépression, le matériau composite obtenu étant constitué d'une combinaison de cuivre et de chrome.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé en ce que la pièce de contact est coulée en au moins deux couches successives en coulant dans la même lingotière au moins une couche de CuCr réfractaire comme première couche et au moins une autre couche constituée d'un matériau de cuivre pur.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que la lingotière est divisée et est ouverte pour libérer la pièce de contact terminée.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que pour au moins une couche, il prévoit une combinaison avec d'autres matériaux tels que le tungstène, le carbure de tungstène, le molybdène, le platine, le zirconium, l'yttrium ou le palladium, en plus de par exemple le cuivre et/ou l'argent.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que la concentration en chrome dans la couche de matériau composite est comprise entre > 0 et 100 % en poids et en ce que lors de la fusion du matériau à base de CuCr, en plus du matériau à base de cuivre, du chrome est dissous complètement ou partiellement dans le cuivre de telle sorte que lors de la coulée dans la lingotière, on obtienne un dépôt très fin de chrome dans la matrice de cuivre.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce qu'après la coulée, la pièce de contact subit une compression de calibrage à ses dimensions finales.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que la pièce de contact est réduite sous hydrogène ou est dégazée encore une fois par recuit dans une atmosphère HV.
EP06008165A 2006-04-20 2006-04-20 Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de contact électrique et élément de contact correspondant pour interrupteur à basse, moyenne ou haute tension ou pour un disjoncteur de générateur Active EP1848019B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06008165A EP1848019B1 (fr) 2006-04-20 2006-04-20 Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de contact électrique et élément de contact correspondant pour interrupteur à basse, moyenne ou haute tension ou pour un disjoncteur de générateur
AT06008165T ATE506683T1 (de) 2006-04-20 2006-04-20 Verfahren zur herstellung eines kontaktstückes, sowie kontaktstück für nieder-, mittel,- hochspannungs- und generatorschaltgeräte
DE502006009348T DE502006009348D1 (de) 2006-04-20 2006-04-20 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kontaktstückes, sowie Kontaktstück für Nieder-, Mittel,- Hochspannungs- und Generatorschaltgeräte
PCT/EP2007/003477 WO2007121938A1 (fr) 2006-04-20 2007-04-20 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de contact et pièce de contact destinée à des appareils basse tension, moyenne tension et haute tension, et à des appareils de commutation de générateurs
CN2007800141402A CN101427334B (zh) 2006-04-20 2007-04-20 用于制造接触件的方法以及接触件
EP07724414A EP2011135A1 (fr) 2006-04-20 2007-04-20 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de contact et pièce de contact destinée à des appareils basse tension, moyenne tension et haute tension, et à des appareils de commutation de générateurs

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP06008165A EP1848019B1 (fr) 2006-04-20 2006-04-20 Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de contact électrique et élément de contact correspondant pour interrupteur à basse, moyenne ou haute tension ou pour un disjoncteur de générateur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1848019A1 EP1848019A1 (fr) 2007-10-24
EP1848019B1 true EP1848019B1 (fr) 2011-04-20

Family

ID=36968834

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06008165A Active EP1848019B1 (fr) 2006-04-20 2006-04-20 Procédé de fabrication d'un élément de contact électrique et élément de contact correspondant pour interrupteur à basse, moyenne ou haute tension ou pour un disjoncteur de générateur
EP07724414A Withdrawn EP2011135A1 (fr) 2006-04-20 2007-04-20 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de contact et pièce de contact destinée à des appareils basse tension, moyenne tension et haute tension, et à des appareils de commutation de générateurs

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07724414A Withdrawn EP2011135A1 (fr) 2006-04-20 2007-04-20 Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de contact et pièce de contact destinée à des appareils basse tension, moyenne tension et haute tension, et à des appareils de commutation de générateurs

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (2) EP1848019B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101427334B (fr)
AT (1) ATE506683T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502006009348D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007121938A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3303170A1 (de) 1983-01-31 1984-08-02 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Verfahren zum herstellen von kupfer-chrom-schmelzlegierungen als kontaktwerkstoff fuer vakuum-leistungsschalter
DE3664394D1 (en) 1985-05-06 1989-08-17 Siemens Ag Contact arrangement for a vacuum system
DE3840192A1 (de) 1987-12-02 1989-06-15 Calor Emag Elektrizitaets Ag Schaltkontaktanordnung
DE19612143B4 (de) 1996-03-27 2005-05-04 Abb Patent Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Spiralkontaktstückes für eine Vakuumkammer und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE19627956A1 (de) * 1996-07-11 1998-01-15 Abb Patent Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines elektrischen Kontaktes für eine Vakuumschaltkammer
CN1264143A (zh) * 2000-02-24 2000-08-23 周武平 真空开关铜铬系触头材料的制造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE502006009348D1 (de) 2011-06-01
CN101427334A (zh) 2009-05-06
CN101427334B (zh) 2012-05-30
ATE506683T1 (de) 2011-05-15
EP1848019A1 (fr) 2007-10-24
EP2011135A1 (fr) 2009-01-07
WO2007121938A1 (fr) 2007-11-01

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