EP1840342B1 - Auspuff für Zweiradfahrzeuge und Zweiradfahrzeug - Google Patents

Auspuff für Zweiradfahrzeuge und Zweiradfahrzeug Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1840342B1
EP1840342B1 EP07251315A EP07251315A EP1840342B1 EP 1840342 B1 EP1840342 B1 EP 1840342B1 EP 07251315 A EP07251315 A EP 07251315A EP 07251315 A EP07251315 A EP 07251315A EP 1840342 B1 EP1840342 B1 EP 1840342B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
silencer
exhaust
volume
exhaust apparatus
pipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP07251315A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1840342A1 (de
Inventor
Taisuke Sakurai
Itsurou Hagiwara
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
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Yamaha Motor Co Ltd
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1840342A1 publication Critical patent/EP1840342A1/de
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Publication of EP1840342B1 publication Critical patent/EP1840342B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/02—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance
    • F01N1/04—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance having sound-absorbing materials in resonance chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
    • F01N1/10—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling in combination with sound-absorbing materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18—Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
    • F01N2470/20—Dimensional characteristics of tubes, e.g. length, diameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2590/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines
    • F01N2590/04—Exhaust or silencing apparatus adapted to particular use, e.g. for military applications, airplanes, submarines for motorcycles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an exhaust apparatus (or exhaust device)for a straddle-type vehicle and a straddle-type vehicle.
  • a muffler (exhaust apparatus) used in a straddle-type vehicle for example, a motorcycle
  • exhaust apparatus exhaust apparatus
  • straddle-type vehicle for example, a motorcycle
  • noise reduction or noise elimination of exhaust noise which accompanies discharge of exhaust gases of high pressure and high temperature.
  • Mufflers for motorcycles are disclosed in, for example, JP-A-8-312324 and JP-A-2003-184541 .
  • a muffler (exhaust system) is preferably extended straight.
  • exhaust system exhaust system
  • a muffler is not accommodated in a vehicle body of a motorcycle. Accordingly, in order to lessen an exhaust resistance, a muffler is extended toward the rear of a vehicle body so as not to be bent suddenly as far as possible, which is actually difficult in many cases because of association with a front wheel and a bank angle.
  • a muffler having an ideal length in terms of engine performance is in small cases accommodated intact in a configuration of a motorcycle, and as compared with design of a muffler for four-wheel passenger cars, much troubles are involved in designing a muffler, a length of which is nearly best in performance, so as to accommodate the same in a configuration of a motorcycle while maintaining a configuration as smooth as possible.
  • a weight of a muffler has a great influence on controllability in motorcycles. That is, since a motorcycle is light in weight, even a weight of around 1 kg has a great influence on the motorcycle and a distant position of a center of gravity of a muffler in addition to a weight of the muffler has an adverse influence on controllability of the motorcycle.
  • the inventors of the present invention have tried to realize an exhaust apparatus (muffler), which is small-sized and light while meeting a running performance (exhaust property) and a noise characteristic.
  • the invention seeks to provide a muffler for straddle-type vehicles, in which reduction in size and weight may be achieved while a demand for a noise absorbing characteristic may be met.
  • An embodiment of the invention can provide an exhaust apparatus (an exhaust device) for a straddle-type vehicle comprising an engine, the exhaust apparatus comprising a tail pipe, a silencer and an exhaust pipe, wherein the exhaust pipe has a volume defined between a first end of said pipe connecting to the engine and a second end of said pipe connecting to or within the silencer to be connected to the engine and a silencer having a volume defined by an inner surface of an outer cylinder of said silencer, minus a volume of the exhaust pipe extending into said silencer and minus a volume of a tail pipe extending into said silencer and said silencer being connected to the exhaust pipe, wherein the volume of the exhaust pipe and the volume of the silencer are equal to each other.
  • the exhaust apparatus comprises damping means for an improvement of a damping characteristic in a low frequency range, wherein the damping means decreases a level of a primary resonance frequency of an exhaust pipe length of the exhaust pipe in the exhaust apparatus.
  • the volume of the exhaust pipe also includes a volume of a cylinder head exhaust port portion.
  • the silencer comprises an inner cylinder accommodated in the outer cylinder, and a punched hole is formed in at least a part of the inner cylinder of the silencer.
  • a sound absorbing material is filled between an inner wall of the outer cylinder and an outer wall of the inner cylinder in the silencer.
  • the tail pipe is offset relative to the exhaust pipe radially of the silencer.
  • the sound absorbing material comprises at least one of glass wool and stainless steel wool.
  • An embodiment has a feature in that the silencer comprises an inner cylinder accommodated in the outer cylinder, and an outside diameter of the tail pipe is smaller than an inside diameter of the inner cylinder of the silencer.
  • An embodiment has a feature in that the inside diameter of the inner cylinder is gradually decreased up to a front end of the tail pipe.
  • an air layer is provided between the tail pipe and the inner cylinder.
  • the silencer comprises an inner cylinder accommodated in the outer cylinder, a sound absorbing material is filled between an inner wall of the outer cylinder and an outer wall of the inner cylinder in the silencer, and a first air layer is provided between the inner wall of the outer cylinder and an outer wall of the sound absorbing material.
  • the exhaust apparatus includes a second air layer provided between the tail pipe and the inner cylinder, and the sound absorbing material is arranged between the second air layer provided between the tail pipe and the inner cylinder, and the first air layer provided between the inner wall of the outer cylinder and the outer wall of the sound absorbing material.
  • a chamber is provided in the exhaust pipe, and a volume of the exhaust pipe also includes a volume of the chamber.
  • a hollow conical structure for example a cone, which maybe a punched cone, is provided in the silencer.
  • the conical structure may be in the form of a cone with a tip end thereof opened and formed with a hole.
  • the silencer comprises an inner cylinder accommodated in the outer cylinder, the tail pipe is connected to the inner cylinder of the silencer, and the cone is provided at an upstream end of the tail pipe.
  • An embodiment has a feature in that an opening hole of the cone has an opening diameter at an upstream end thereof, which is smaller than an opening diameter at a downstream end thereof.
  • the silencer comprises an inner cylinder
  • the conical structure includes a first cone connected to the tail pipe, and a second cone, which covers the first cone and is connected to the inner cylinder.
  • An assembly can be provided that includes an engine and the exhaust apparatus.
  • a straddle-type vehicle according to the invention comprises a straddle-type vehicle provided with such an assembly.
  • the straddle-type vehicle comprises a four-stroke engine.
  • the straddle-type vehicle comprises an off road type motorcycle.
  • the volume of the exhaust pipe and the volume of the silencer are made substantially equal to each other, it is possible to improve the damping characteristic of the exhaust apparatus in a low frequency range (in particular, a primary resonance frequency of an exhaust pipe length of the exhaust pipe in the exhaust apparatus) whereby it is possible to achieve a decrease in noise value. Since an improvement in damping characteristic can be achieved by making a volume of the exhaust pipe and a volume of the silencer close to each other instead of an increase in volume of the exhaust apparatus, it is possible to avoid an increase in weight of the exhaust apparatus, so that it is possible to realize a small-sized exhaust apparatus for a straddle-type vehicle. As a result, it is possible to improve a motorcycle in controllability or kinematical performance.
  • Fig. 1 is a side view showing a motorcycle comprising a muffler according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 2(a) is a perspective view showing the muffler according to the embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 2(b) is a view schematically showing an engine 50
  • Fig. 2(c) is a perspective view showing a muffler including a chamber 21.
  • Fig. 3 is a view schematically showing the structure of the muffler according to the embodiment of the invention.
  • Figs. 4(a) and 4(b) are perspective views showing the structures of the muffler according to the embodiment of the invention and a muffler of a comparative example.
  • Fig. 5 is a graph making a comparison in damping characteristic between the muffler (Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2) according to the embodiment of the invention and the muffler of the comparative example.
  • Figs. 6(a) to 6(c) are cross sectional views schematically showing examples of the muffler according to the embodiment of the invention.
  • Figs. 7(a) and 7(b) are cross sectional views schematically showing examples of the muffler according to the embodiment of the invention.
  • Figs. 8(a) to 8(c) are cross sectional views schematically showing examples of the muffler according to the embodiment of the invention.
  • Figs. 9(a) and 9(b) are cross sectional views schematically showing examples of the muffler according to the embodiment of the invention.
  • Figs. 10(a) to 10(c) are cross sectional views schematically showing examples of the muffler according to the embodiment of the invention.
  • Figs. 11(a) to 11(c) are cross sectional views schematically showing examples of the muffler according to the embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a side view showing a motorcycle comprising the muffler of the comparative example.
  • Fig. 1 shows a motorcycle 1000, on which an exhaust apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention is mounted.
  • the exhaust apparatus 100 is connected to an engine 50.
  • the exhaust apparatus 100 includes an exhaust pipe 20 and a silencer 10.
  • the exhaust apparatus 100 includes the silencer 10 is in some cases referred to as "muffler" in the specification of the present application for the sake of convenience.
  • the muffler 100 includes the exhaust pipe 20 connected to the engine 50 of the motorcycle 1000, and the silencer 10 connected to the exhaust pipe 20. With a construction shown in Fig. 1 , a tail pipe 30 is connected to the silencer 10.
  • FIG. 2(a) A state, in which the muffler 100 according to the embodiment is removed from the motorcycle 1000, is shown in Fig. 2(a) .
  • the exhaust pipe 20 and the silencer 10 of the muffler 100 shown in Fig. 2(a) are formed with members for mounting to a vehicle body.
  • the muffler 100 according to the embodiment is one for four-stroke engines and the motorcycle 1000 shown in Fig. 1 is an off road vehicle.
  • its end connected to the engine 50 mounts thereto a cylinder head exhaust port portion 22.
  • the exhaust pipe 20 connects to an exhaust hole of the engine 50 as shown in Fig. 2 (b) to lead exhaust gases from the engine 50 to the silencer 10.
  • the cylinder head exhaust port portion 22 of the exhaust pipe 20 is connected to the engine 50.
  • the silencer 10 has a noise eliminating function to discharge exhaust gases led from the exhaust pipe 20 outside.
  • exhaust gases are discharged outside from the tail pipe 30.
  • a chamber 21 can be further provided in the exhaust pipe 20 as shown in Fig. 2(c) . In this case, exhaust gases from the engine 50 are once expanded in the chamber 21 and then led to the silencer 10 to be discharged outside.
  • Fig. 3 schematically shows the structure of the muffler 100 according to the embodiment.
  • the muffler 100 according to the embodiment is structured such that a volume (Vp) of the exhaust pipe 20 is substantially equal to a volume (Vc) of the silencer 10.
  • the volume (Vc) of the silencer 10 is a volume obtained by subtracting a volume occupied therein by the exhaust pipe 20 from an interior of the silencer 10.
  • the volume (Vc) of the silencer 10 is a volume obtained by subtracting a volume occupied therein by the exhaust pipe 20 and the tail pipe 30 from an interior of the silencer 10.
  • the chamber 21 is formed in the exhaust pipe 20
  • a volume of the chamber 21 constitutes a part of a volume occupied by the exhaust pipe 20
  • a volume (Vh) of the cylinder head exhaust port portion 22 also constitutes a part of a volume occupied by the exhaust pipe 20.
  • the muffler 100 Since the muffler 100 according to the embodiment is structured so that the volume (Vp) of the exhaust pipe 20 and the volume (Vc) of the silencer 10 are made substantially equal to each other, it is possible to improve a damping characteristic of a low frequency range of the muffler 100, in particular, a primary resonance frequency f 1 (More specifically, a primary resonance frequency f 1 of an exhaust pipe length of the exhaust pipe 20; referred below in some cases to as "a primary resonance frequency f 1 of a muffler" for convenience' sake).
  • a primary resonance frequency f 1 a primary resonance frequency f 1 of an exhaust pipe length of the exhaust pipe 20
  • an improvement in damping characteristic can be achieved by making the volume (Vp) of the exhaust pipe 20 and the volume (Vc) of the silencer 10 close to each other instead of an increase in muffler volume, so that it is possible to avoid an increase in muffler weight.
  • the muffler 100 includes damping means for an improvement in damping characteristic in a low frequency range (in particular, a primary resonance frequency f 1 ) and the volume (Vp) of the exhaust pipe 20 and the volume (Vc) of the silencer 10 are made substantially equal to each other to thereby realize the damping means, so that it is not necessary to make the muffler 100 larger in volume than needed and there is no need for any separately independent, new member as damping means, thus enabling realizing a small-sized muffler 100.
  • damping means for an improvement in damping characteristic in a low frequency range in particular, a primary resonance frequency f 1
  • the volume (Vp) of the exhaust pipe 20 and the volume (Vc) of the silencer 10 are made substantially equal to each other to thereby realize the damping means, so that it is not necessary to make the muffler 100 larger in volume than needed and there is no need for any separately independent, new member as damping means, thus enabling realizing a small-sized muffler 100.
  • Fig. 4(a) shows a muffler 100 having a structure according to the embodiment
  • Fig. 4(b) shows a muffler 200 as a comparative example.
  • Exhaust pipes 20 and 20A shown in Figs. 4(a) and 4(b) are substantially equal to each other in volume but silencers 10 and 10A are considerably different in volume from each other.
  • the silencer 10A shown in Fig. 4(b) has a considerably larger volume than that of the exhaust pipe 20A according to a typical design technique in order to obtain a favorable noise eliminating characteristic (damping characteristic). Specifically, the volume of the silencer 10A exceeds twice the volume of the exhaust pipe 20A, and more specifically, is about 2.5 times the latter.
  • the silencer 10 shown in Fig. 4(a) has a volume near to the volume of the exhaust pipe 20 contrary to the typical design technique. Specifically, the volume of the silencer 10 is nearly 1.4 times or less the volume of the exhaust pipe 20. More specifically, it is desired that the volume of the silencer 10 be in the range of 1.2 to 0.7 times the volume of the exhaust pipe 20.
  • the weight of the silencer 10 amounts only to around 60 % of the weight of the silencer 10A.
  • a decrease in weight of the silencer 10 not only produces an effect of a decrease in total weight of the motorcycle 1000 but contributes much to an improvement in controllability of the motorcycle 1000 since a member or members positioned distant from a vehicle body center (or, a center of gravity of a vehicle body) of the motorcycle 1000 can be reduced in weight.
  • Fig. 12 shows a construction, in which the muffler 200 of a comparative example shown in Fig. 4(b) is mounted to a motorcycle.
  • Fig. 12 shows a comparison between both a motorcycle 2000 shown in Fig. 12 and the motorcycle 1000, according to the embodiment, shown in Fig. 1 .
  • a technical meaning that a small-sized and lightweight muffler 100 could be developed in that situation, in which a muffler cannot but be increased in volume in a typical muffler design in order to obtain a favorable noise eliminating characteristic is very great.
  • the muffler 100 according to the embodiment can decrease a noise value further than the muffler 200, which is large in muffler volume. This demonstrates in double meaning that the muffler 100 according to the embodiment has an excellent, technical meaning.
  • Fig. 5 is a graph illustrating damping characteristics of the muffler 100 according to the embodiment and the muffler 200 of the comparative example.
  • the damping characteristic of the muffler 100 according to the embodiment is indicated by plots in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 while the damping characteristic of the muffler 200 is indicated by plots in the comparative example.
  • Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 and the comparative example are substantially the same in a damping characteristic of f 0 (damping level (dB)) but it is found that Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 are favorable in a damping characteristic (damping level (dB)) of f 1 (primary resonance frequency of an exhaust pipe length of the exhaust pipe in the exhaust apparatus) as compared with the comparative example.
  • Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 are low in noise value of f 1 as compared with the comparative example.
  • the reason why the noise value of f 1 is small in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 is that the volume (Vp) of the exhaust pipe 20 and the volume (Vc) of the silencer 10 are substantially equal to each other.
  • the reason why the noise value in a low frequency range (in particular, f 1 ) can be decreased is as follows. If a muffler were composed of only the exhaust pipe 20 (without the silencer 10), f 1 would be a resonance frequency of 1/4 wavelength determined by an exhaust pipe length and be suddenly changed into a resonance frequency, at which the both parts (20, 10) were coupled together, in a configuration, in which the silencer 10 were added to the exhaust pipe 20.
  • a strongest coupled state corresponds to the case where the both parts (20, 10) are equal to each other in resonance frequency, which means in other acoustic words that the both parts are equal to each other in volume, and when a sound absorbing material is filled in one of them in this state, it is possible to efficiently damp the frequency.
  • the volume (Vp) of the exhaust pipe 20 includes a volume of the chamber 21 and the volume (Vp) of the exhaust pipe 20 and the volume (Vc) of the silencer 10 are made close to each other.
  • the same is also the case with a volume of the cylinder head exhaust port portion 22.
  • a frequency f 0 (Hz) generated by resonance of the whole muffler can be found by, for example, the following formula in the construction shown in Fig. 3 .
  • f 0 c / 2 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ S / V ⁇ L 1 / 2
  • V indicates an exhaust system volume (that is, "Vp + Vc")
  • L indicates a length of the tail pipe 30
  • S indicates a cross sectional area of the tail pipe 30.
  • the exhaust pipe 20 is actually formed as shown in, for example, Fig. 4 to be bent in order to meet various design conditions and the size and weight of the silencer 10 is also determined in conformity to other conditions (vehicle body weight, vehicle body balance, etc.), however, it is unnecessary in many cases to stick the ratio of the volume (Vp) of the exhaust pipe 20 and the volume (Vc) of the silencer 10 to an ideal 1:1 provided that an effect of a decrease in noise value is produced.
  • the damping characteristic of the muffler in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 is favorable (that is, noise can be decreased) in a low frequency range (for example, in the order of 600 to 800 Hz), and the comparative example demonstrates a favorable damping characteristic in a frequency range therebeyond.
  • a decrease in noise component in a low frequency range is achieved by damping means (damping means for an improvement of a damping characteristic in a low frequency range), which is realized by making the volume (Vp) of the exhaust pipe 20 and the volume (Vc) of the silencer 10 substantially equal to each other, and a decrease in noise component in a frequency range therebeyond can also be achieved by other techniques.
  • the silencer 10 shown in Fig. 6 comprises an outer cylinder 10a and an inner cylinder 10b accommodated in the outer cylinder 10a. Punched holes 13 are formed in at least a part (region P) of the inner cylinder 10b of the silencer 10.
  • the punched holes 13 are small holes formed in the silencer 10 (here, the inner cylinder 10b) and serve to enable energy of exhaust gases, which are introduced from the exhaust pipe 20, to be led to the outer cylinder 10a through the small holes.
  • a sound absorbing material 15 is filled in a manner to come into close contact between an inner wall of the outer cylinder 10a and an outer wall of the inner cylinder 10b.
  • the sound absorbing material 15 is a material capable of absorbing sound waves and can use, for example, glass wool, stainless steel wool (SUS wool), aluminum wool, ferrite, asbestos, etc. In this example, glass wool is used as the sound absorbing material 15.
  • the sound absorbing material 15 fairly absorbs a high frequency sound but is less effective in low frequency sound, so that a synergistic effect is produced when combined with the construction of the muffler 100 according to the embodiment.
  • a SUS wool 15b is provided on the outer wall of the inner cylinder 10b and a glass wool 15a is provided on an outer periphery thereof.
  • the SUS wool 15b is provided on the outer wall of the inner cylinder 10b and the glass wool 15a is provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 10a.
  • the inner cylinder 10b is gradually decreased in inside diameter up to a front end of the tail pipe 30.
  • an air layer 17 is formed between a tail pipe 30 and an inner cylinder 10b.
  • an outside diameter d of the tail pipe 30 is smaller than an inside diameter D of the inner cylinder 10b of the silencer 10.
  • punched holes are formed in as far as a region (a region, in which the air layer 17 is positioned), in which the tail pipe 30 is positioned.
  • a cross sectional structure of the silencer 10 shown in Fig. 7 is substantially the same as that shown in the partially enlarged view of Fig. 6(c) .
  • the construction shown in this example can incorporate thereinto a damping characteristic, in which noise elimination is achieved by varying (enlarging) a pipe (cylinder) in cross sectional area, and such combination makes it possible to regulate the damping characteristic of the muffler 100 according to the embodiment.
  • the pipe (cylinder) is changed in cross sectional area to enable obtaining a damping characteristic, in which sounds mainly in a low frequency range are eliminated.
  • the provision of the air layer 17 enables producing both effects of noise reduction by the sound absorbing material 15 and noise reduction by pipe bulging.
  • the silencer 10 shown in Fig. 8 has a structure similar to that in Fig. 6 , but a sound absorbing material 15 is arranged on an outer wall of an inner cylinder 10b and an air layer 19 is present on an inner wall of an outer cylinder 10a, in which no sound absorbing material 15 is filled.
  • the sound absorbing material 15 comprises a combination of SUS wool 15b and glass wool 15a in the same manner as that shown in Fig. 6 .
  • a partition 10c which supports the sound absorbing material 15 (15a, 15b), is provided and punched holes 13 are formed on the partition 10c.
  • a silencer 10 shown in Fig. 9 incorporates a feature of the structure shown in Fig. 7 into the structure shown in Fig. 8 such that an air layer 17 is formed between a tail pipe 30 and an inner cylinder 10b, and such structural feature (that is, a structural feature that the sound absorbing material 15 is arranged between the air layer (first air layer) 19 provided between the inner wall of the outer cylinder 10a and the outer wall of the sound absorbing material 15 and the air layer (second air layer) 17 provided between the tail pipe 30 and the inner cylinder 10b) regulates a damping characteristic of the muffler 100 according to the embodiment.
  • a cross sectional structure of the silencer 10 shown in Fig. 9 is substantially the same as that shown in the partially enlarged view of Fig. 8(c) .
  • the silencer 10 is not limited to a structure, which comprises the outer cylinder 10a and the inner cylinder 10b accommodated in the outer cylinder 10a, but can adopt a structure shown in Fig. 10 . That is, it suffices to design a muffler 100 having a desired damping characteristic by the use of further means, which combines with damping means in a low frequency range, which is realized by making the volume (Vp) of the exhaust pipe 20 and the volume (Vc) of the silencer 10 substantially equal to each other, to enable reinforcing the damping means.
  • the sound absorbing material 15 in Fig. 10(c) comprises, for example, SUS wool, or glass wool, or a combination thereof.
  • a tail pipe 30 is offset relative to an exhaust pipe 20 radially of the silencer 10.
  • a construction, in which a punched cone 32 is arranged in a silencer 10 as shown in, for example, Fig. 11 , can be adopted as an example of such further means.
  • the punched cone 32 comprises a member, which is in the form of a cone with a tip end thereof opened and formed on a cone-shaped side 35 with punched holes 13, and by which an effect of noise absorption can be produced and a directly transmitting sound of exhaust noise can be decreased.
  • the punched cone 32 has a truncated cone shape.
  • An opening hole 37 provided on the punched cone has an opening diameter at an upstream end thereof, which is made smaller than an opening diameter at a downstream end thereof. Thereby, it is possible to prevent direct transmission of noise, thus enabling improving a damping effect. It is possible to arrange one or plural punched cones 32 within the silencer 10. According to the embodiment, the punched cones 32 are provided in two locations (32a, 32b) on the inner cylinder 10b and an upstream end of the tail pipe 30. In addition, it is possible to provide only one punched cone 32 instead of several in number and to provide three or more punched cones.
  • upstream side and downstream side referred to in the specification of the present application mean an upstream side and a downstream side, respectively, in a direction, in which exhaust gases in the muffler flow.
  • upstream side is that side, on which an engine is arranged
  • downstream side is that side, on which exhaust gases are discharged outside.
  • the punched cone 32 is provided at an end of the tail pipe 30.
  • the punched cone includes a first cone 32a connected to the tail pipe 30 and a second cone 32b, which covers the first cone 32a and is connected to the inner cylinder 10b.
  • Fig. 1 shows an off road type motorcycle as an example of the motorcycle 1000
  • the motorcycle 1000 may be an on road type one.
  • "motorcycle” in the specification of the present application means a motorcycle and means a vehicle, which includes a bicycle with a motor (motorbike) and a scooter and can specifically turn with a vehicle body inclined. Accordingly, a three-wheeler/four-wheeler, at least one of a front wheel and a rear wheel of which has two or more wheels and which is three, four (or more) in the number of tires, can be included in "motorcycle".
  • applicability is not limited to a motorcycle but to other vehicles capable of making use of the effect of the invention, for example, a so-called straddle-type vehicle, which includes a four-wheeled buggy, ATV (All Terrain Vehicle), and a snowmobile, except a motorcycle.
  • straddle-type vehicle which includes a four-wheeled buggy, ATV (All Terrain Vehicle), and a snowmobile, except a motorcycle.
  • an exhaust device for a straddle-type vehicle comprising an engine, and an exhaust part including an exhaust pipe connected to the engine and a silencer connected to the exhaust pipe, wherein a volume of the exhaust pipe and a volume of the silencer are substantially equal to each other
  • a muffler for a straddle-type vehicle which achieves reduction in size and weight while meeting a demand for a noise absorption characteristic.

Claims (21)

  1. Eine Auspuffvorrichtung für ein Grätsch-Typ-Fahrzeug mit einem Motor, wobei die Auspuffvorrichtung folgendes aufweist
    ein Endrohr, einen Schalldämpfer und ein Auspuffrohr;
    wobei das Auspuffrohr (20) ein Volumen (Vp) aufweist, das zwischen einem ersten Ende des Rohrs, das mit dem Motor verbunden ist, und einem zweiten Ende des Rohrs, das mit oder in dem Schalldämpfer verbunden ist, der mit dem Motor verbunden sein soll, definiert ist, und der Schalldämpfer (10) ein Volumen (Vc) aufweist, das durch eine Innenoberfläche eines Außenzylinders des Schalldämpfers definiert ist, minus ein Volumen des Auspuffrohrs, das sich in den Schalldämpfer erstreckt, und minus ein Volumen des Endrohrs, das sich in den Schalldämpfer erstreckt, wobei der Schalldämpfer mit dem Auspuffrohr verbunden ist,
    wobei das Volumen des Auspuffrohrs (Vp) und das Volumen des Schalldämpfers (Vc) gleich zueinander sind.
  2. Die Auspuffvorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, die ferner eine Dämpfungseinrichtung aufweist für eine Verbesserung einer Dämpfungscharakteristik in einem Niedrigfrequenzbereich,
    wobei die Dämpfungseinrichtung einen Pegel einer primären Resonanzfrequenz einer Auspuffrohrlänge des Auspuffrohrs in der Auspuffvorrichtung verringert.
  3. Die Auspuffvorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 2, bei der das Volumen des Auspuffrohrs (20) ebenfalls ein Volumen eines Zylinderkopfauslassöffnungsabschnitts umfasst.
  4. Die Auspuffvorrichtung gemäß einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, bei der der Schalldämpfer (10) einen Innenzylinder (10b) aufweist, der in dem Außenzylinder untergebracht ist, und
    ein Loch in zumindest einem Teil des Innenzylinders des Schalldämpfers gebildet ist.
  5. Die Auspuffvorrichtung gemäß einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, bei der ein Schall absorbierendes Material (15) zwischen eine Innenwand des Außenzylinders und eine Außenwand des Innenzylinders in dem Schalldämpfer gefüllt ist.
  6. Die Auspuffvorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 5, bei der das Schall absorbierende Material (15) zumindest entweder Glaswolle oder Edelstahlwolle aufweist.
  7. Die Auspuffvorrichtung gemäß einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, bei der das Endrohr relativ zu dem Auspuffrohr radial von dem Schalldämpfer versetzt ist.
  8. Die Auspuffvorrichtung gemäß einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, bei der
    der Schalldämpfer einen Innenzylinder aufweist, der in dem Außenzylinder untergebracht ist, und
    ein Außendurchmesser des Endrohrs (30) kleiner ist als ein Innendurchmesser des Innenzylinders (10b) des Schalldämpfers.
  9. Die Auspuffvorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 8, bei der der Innendurchmesser des Innenzylinders (10b) bis zu einem Vorderende des Endrohrs allmählich verringert wird.
  10. Die Auspuffvorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 8 oder Anspruch 9, bei der eine Luftschicht zwischen dem Endrohr (30) und dem Innenzylinder (10b) vorgesehen ist.
  11. Die Auspuffvorrichtung gemäß einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, bei der der Schalldämpfer einen Innenzylinder (10b) aufweist, der in dem Außenzylinder untergebracht ist, und
    bei der ein Schall absorbierendes Material (15) zwischen eine Innenwand des Außenzylinders und eine Außenwand des Innenzylinders in dem Schalldämpfer gefüllt ist, und
    eine erste Luftschicht (19) zwischen der Innenwand des Außenzylinders und einer Außenwand des Schall absorbierenden Materials vorgesehen ist.
  12. Die Auspuffvorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 11, wobei die Auspuffvorrichtung eine zweite Luftschicht (17) umfasst, die zwischen dem Endrohr und dem Innenzylinder vorgesehen ist, und wobei
    das Schall absorbierende Material (15) zwischen der zweiten Luftschicht, die zwischen dem Endrohr und dem Innenzylinder vorgesehen ist, und der ersten Luftschicht, die zwischen der Innenwand des Außenzylinders und der Außenwand des Schall absorbierenden Materials vorgesehen ist, angeordnet ist.
  13. Die Auspuffvorrichtung gemäß einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, bei der eine Kammer (21) in dem Auspuffrohr vorgesehen ist, und ein Volumen des Auspuffrohrs (Vp) ferner das Volumen der Kammer umfasst.
  14. Die Auspuffvorrichtung gemäß einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, die ferner einen Kegel aufweist, der in dem Schalldämpfer vorgesehen ist und in der Form eines Kegels ist, wobei ein spitzes Ende desselben geöffnet ist und mit einem Loch gebildet ist.
  15. Die Auspuffvorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 14, bei der der Schalldämpfer einen Innenzylinder aufweist, der in dem Außenzylinder untergebracht ist, und
    wobei das Endrohr (30) mit dem Innenzylinder des Schalldämpfers verbunden ist, und
    der Kegel an einem oberen Ende des Endrohrs vorgesehen ist.
  16. Die Auspuffvorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 15, bei der ein Öffnungsloch des Kegels einen Öffnungsdurchmesser an einem oberen Ende desselben aufweist, der kleiner ist als ein Öffnungsdurchmesser an einem unteren Ende desselben.
  17. Die Auspuffvorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 14 bis 16, bei der der Kegel einen ersten Kegel umfasst, der mit dem Endrohr verbunden ist, und einen zweiten Kegel, der den ersten Kegel abdeckt und mit dem Innenzylinder verbunden ist.
  18. Eine Anordnung, die einen Motor und eine Auspuffvorrichtung gemäß einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche aufweist.
  19. Ein Grätsch-Typ-Fahrzeug, das einen Motor und die Auspuffvorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 17 aufweist.
  20. Das Grätsch-Typ-Fahrzeug gemäß Anspruch 19, bei dem der Motor ein Viertaktmotor ist.
  21. Das Grätsch-Typ-Fahrzeug gemäß Anspruch 19 oder Anspruch 20, wobei das Grätsch-Typ-Fahrzeug ein Geländemotorrad ist.
EP07251315A 2006-03-29 2007-03-28 Auspuff für Zweiradfahrzeuge und Zweiradfahrzeug Not-in-force EP1840342B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP2006092334 2006-03-29
JP2007031097A JP2007292046A (ja) 2006-03-29 2007-02-09 鞍乗型車両用排気装置および鞍乗型車両

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EP1840342B1 true EP1840342B1 (de) 2011-04-13

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JP2019056310A (ja) * 2017-09-20 2019-04-11 中川産業株式会社 テールパイプ

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ATE505632T1 (de) 2011-04-15
JP2007292046A (ja) 2007-11-08
DE602007013831D1 (de) 2011-05-26
US20070227809A1 (en) 2007-10-04

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