EP1837445A2 - Implement for an excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

The working device (10) has a hydraulic excavator (1) with multipart arms (8). A rotary carrier is attachable at the free end of the final arm (9) with a holder (18) for an upper side of grip arm shells (19,20) of grip arm. The grip arm is convertible to a spoon by mechanical blocking of the closed grip arm shells at the holder. The grip arm shells are stored in drag axis (11,12) at the holder and are coupled mechanically with one another.

Description

The invention relates to a working device for an excavator, in particular for excavating the trenches with a hydraulic excavator with multi-part boom, with a attachable at the free end of Endauslegerarmes, pivotable carrier with a holder for the open at the tops of the looper shells of a gripper.

An implement of this kind is out DE 86 17 421 U1 previously known. The excavator is provided with a three-piece boom, on whose Endauslegerarm a hydraulically pivotable spoon is arranged. With this implement, earthworks and grading can be carried out, trenches are pulled and embankments are leveled. For excavation work, the spoon must be removed from the carrier and attached a hook instead of the spoon. This requires the provision of both a bucket and a grab as work tools.

Furthermore, it is off DE 17 34 191 U1 as a working device a high-low bucket gripper previously known, on the one hand can be used as a spoon for excavating soil and on the other hand as a longitudinally divisible gripper for receiving bulk materials. Because of the large working width caused by the longitudinal division, the gripper with its open gripper shells can not be moved into a trench which has been dug by means of the spoon.

The invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a working device of the generic type, which can be used for excavating the trenches both as a gripper and as a spoon.

To solve this problem, the invention provides that the gripper can be converted by mechanical blocking of the closed gripper shells on the holder to the spoon. Thus, the grapple can be used for excavating the trenches also as a spoon.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the gripper shells are mounted in pivot axes on the holder and mechanically coupled to the pivoting movement, that for opening and closing the gripper shells between the carrier and a gripper shell, a drive unit is arranged and that the other gripper shell by means of a locking device can be blocked in the closed position on the holder.

The inventive design of the implement can be excavated with the gripper using the attacking on the one gripper shell drive unit in a conventional manner ground for the purpose of creating a trench, wherein the drive unit for opening and closing the gripper and the boom of the excavator for moving the gripper serve from the receiving into the dispensing position.

To use the gripper as a spoon, the carrier must only by means of another, the boom and the carrier hinged drive unit are pivoted in a spoon movement, the free upper edge of the non-driven gripper cup acts as a spoon edge. This serves the locking device with which the not acted upon by the drive unit gripper cup blocked in the closed position and thus the gripper with its two gripper cups and the holder with carrier are operatively connected to a rigid unit, so that the bucket movement of the assembly by means of the drive unit on the boom Excavator is possible. Here, the free upper edge of the not acted upon by the drive unit gripper cup serves as a spoon edge. As a result, the same implement can be used both as a gripper and as a spoon, so that only one working device must be kept ready for both operations.

The implement for excavating the soil combines the previously separate functions of a trench spoon with those of the trench gripper and forms a multifunctional attachment, especially for the standard hydraulic excavator A 900 B Litronic. Replacement of the various tools for gripping and spooning is therefore no longer necessary.

In yet a further embodiment of the invention, each gripper cup is mounted by means of a respective pivot axis on the holder and the pivot axes are parallel to each other and spaced apart and coupled by means of non-rotatably mounted on the pivot axes of the gripper shells, meshing with each other gears. As a result, in a simple manner, a coupled movement of the driven gripper shell with the non-driven Gripper shell when opening and closing the gripper allows. In this case, two driving spur gears are mounted with common, mounted on the holder pivot axis of the driven gripper shell, which is acted upon by the drive unit. At the mounted on the holder pivot axis of the other, non-driven gripper cup two more spur gears are mounted, which mesh with the spur gears of the driven gripper shell. The rolling of the driven spur gears of the driven gripper shell on the non-driven spur gears of the other gripper shell leads to the simultaneous opening or closing of both gripper shells of the gripper.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the locking device is formed from in the closed position between the abutting side walls of the hook shells attacking, fastened to the holder stopper bolt. The stop pins cause in a simple manner a support of the spoon edge of the non-driven gripper cup on the holder and at the same time a mutual locking of the two gripper cups on the holder, which is firmly connected to the pivotable carrier.

In yet a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that are disposed on the perpendicular to the pivot axes of the gripper shells and above the fully open at the top of a gripper shell front of the carrier two vertically spaced brackets whose upper support for attachment of the carrier a drive unit which can be arranged on the end extension arm and its lower support for attachment of the carrier at the free end of the Endauslegerarmes when spooning with a closed gripper serve in locked and locked grab shells. As a result, the required large swivel range of the gripper is enabled in spoon mode.

Finally, both drive units are designed as hydraulic cylinder piston units for mounting the implement to a hydraulic excavator.

Fig. 1:

die Seitenansicht eines Hydraulik-Baggers mit am Ausleger angebautem Arbeitsgerät als Greifer in geschlossenem Zustand,

Fig. 2:

die Seitenansicht des Hydraulik-Baggers mit angehobenem und geöffneten Greifer,

Fig. 3:

die Seitenansicht des geöffneten Greifers nach Fig. 2,

Fig. 4:

die Seitenansicht des Auslegers mit zum Löffelbetrieb angebautem Greifer,

Fig. 5:

die Seitenansicht des geschlossenen und mittels eines Anschlagbolzens zum Löffeln blockierten Greifers nach Fig. 4,

Fig. 6:

eine Ansicht des gemäß Fig. 1 geschlossenen Greifers aus der Fahrerperspektive,

Fig. 7:

eine Ansicht des gemäß Fig. 2 geöffneten Greifers aus der Fahrerperspektive,

Fig. 8:

einen Detailschnitt durch die Halterung mit dem Antrieb für die Greiferschalen,

Fig. 9:

eine der Fig. 2 entsprechende Seitenansicht des Hydraulik-Baggers mit einer alternativen Ausführungsform des Endauslegerarms mit einem alternativen Drehgetriebe und

Fig.10

eine der Fig. 9 entsprechende Seitenansicht mit geschlossenem Greifer in einer Greif- und/oder Löffelposition.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings of a mounted on a hydraulic excavator implement for gripping and spooning. It shows:

Fig. 1:

the side view of a hydraulic excavator with attached to the boom implement as a gripper in the closed state,

Fig. 2:

the side view of the hydraulic excavator with the gripper raised and opened,

3:

the side view of the open gripper of Fig. 2,

4:

the side view of the boom with attached to spoon operation gripper,

Fig. 5:

the side view of the closed and blocked by means of a stop pin for spoon gripper according to Fig. 4,

Fig. 6:

1 is a view of the gripper according to FIG. 1, from the driver's perspective,

Fig. 7:

2 is a view from the driver perspective of the gripper open according to FIG. 2,

Fig. 8:

a detail section through the holder with the drive for the gripper shells,

Fig. 9:

a corresponding to FIG. 2 side view of the hydraulic excavator with an alternative embodiment of the Endauslegerarms with an alternative rotary gear and

Figure 10

one of FIG. 9 corresponding side view with a closed gripper in a gripping and / or spoon position.

A hydraulic excavator 1 (FIGS. 1 and 2) comprises a chassis 3 movable on tires 2 with a turntable 4, on which a machine part 5, a cab 6 and a platform 7 are rotatably mounted, on which a three-part boom 8 with a Endauslegerarm 9 and attached to a working device 10 is attached. The boom 8 and thus the implement 10 can be pivoted about the vertical axis 32 of the turntable 4. The Endauslegerarm 9 can be moved about its pivot axis 11 in a vertical plane, whereby the mounted in a pivot axis 12 at the free end of Endauslegerarmes 9 working device 10 is also movable in this vertical plane. A pivotally mounted on Endauslegerarm 9, designed as a hydraulic cylinder piston unit Drive unit 13, which serves for a later-described purpose, is fixed with its end bearing eye 37 by means of a lever 38 in the fixed point 39 on Endauslegerarm 9.

The implement 10 consists (Fig. 6 and 7) of a horizontal cross-section I-shaped support 14, whose upper end carries a bracket 15, on the top of a rotary gear 16 is flanged with a fork-shaped fastening tab 17 which on the pivot axis 12 on free end of Endauslegerarmes 9 is mounted. Between the fastening tab 17 and the rotary gear 16, a hinge 43 is arranged so that the gripper 21 can always align itself vertically to its center of gravity. The I-shaped support 14 carries at the lower end a box-shaped holder 18 for the gripper shells 19, 20 of a gripper 21. Each gripper cup 19, 20 is mounted on the holder 18 by means of a respective pivot axis 22, 23 (FIGS. 3 and 5). The pivot axes 22, 23 are parallel to each other and spaced from each other. On the pivot axes 22, 23 and at the same time on the inside of the box-shaped holder 18 (FIG. 8), spur gears 24, 25 are non-rotatably arranged on the pivot axes 22, 23 and engage with each other. The rotatably attached to the gripper shells 19, 20 pivot axes 22, 23 are rotatably mounted in the holder 18.

Between a bearing 40 on the underside of the attached at the upper end of the support 14 console 15 and a top of the right gripper shell 20 (Fig. 1 to 5) cross rail 41 with a bearing 42 is designed as a hydraulic cylinder piston unit Drive unit 26 which extends diagonally through an opening 27 in the I-shaped support 14 (FIGS. 6 and 7) and which serves to drive the opening and closing of the gripper 21. As a result, the right gripper shell 20 form the driven gripper shell and the left gripper shell 19 the non-driven gripper shell. Thus, the spur gears 20 associated with the driven right gripper shell 20 form the driving spur gears and the non-driven left gripper shell 21 associated spur gears 25, the driven spur gears. This results in a forced coupling of the movements of the non-driven left gripper cup 19 by a pivoting movement of the driven right gripper cup 20.

For excavating the trenches, the implement 10 in the previously described embodiment operates like a conventional digger grab by opening the gripper 21 by means of the drive unit 26 (FIG. 2) and lowering it by means of the boom 9. When Erdaushub carried a closing of the gripper 21 and then a vertical movement in a raised position (Fig. 1), from which by lateral pivoting of the boom 9, a depositing of the excavation laterally of the trench is possible. By means of the rotary gear 16 is also a pivoting of the gripper 21 about its vertical axis possible.

In order to be able to perform a spoon movement with the attached to the carrier 14 gripper 21, the implement 10 from the attachment shown in Figures 1 and 2 by means of the rotary gear 16 from the free end of Endauslegerarmes 9 removed and spent in the attachment shown in Figure 4.

For this purpose, arranged on the perpendicular to the pivot axes 23, 23 of the gripper shells 19, 20 and above the fully open at the top left gripper cup 19, facing the cab 6 front of the carrier 14 at a vertical distance from each other different lengths brackets 28, 29 with the respective End mounted pivot bearings 30, 31 arranged (Fig. 1, 2 and 4). The upper, shorter holder 28 serves to fasten the carrier 14 by means of the pivot bearing 30 to the drive unit 13 arranged on the end arm 9, which is designed as a hydraulic cylinder-piston unit. The lower, longer bracket 29 is used with its pivot bearing 31 for mounting the carrier 14 on the pivot bearing 12 at the free end of the Endauslegerarmes. 9

With the gripper 21 closed, spoon movements of the gripper 21 can now be carried out under the effect of both the pivoting movements of the drive unit 13 on the end extension arm 9 and the pivoting movements of the boom 8 and the end extension arm, for which the front edge of the left gripper cup 19 is designed as a spoon edge 33.

In order to avoid that when spooning over the bucket edge 33 too great compressive forces are exerted on the right, acted upon only by the drive unit 26 looper tray 20, the left gripper cup 19 by means of a locking device 34 on the holder 18 can be blocked. The locking device 34 is off in the closed position of the gripper 21 between the abutting side walls of the gripper shells 19, 20 attacking, laterally fastened to the holder 18 stop pin 35 is formed, which engage in edge-reinforced mating recesses 36 on the side walls of the gripper shells 19, 20.

All drive units are designed for a hydraulic excavator as hydraulic cylinder piston units. The components of the implement 10 are made of steel of the required quality and strength.

It should be noted that the trailing edge 33 of the left hook tray 19, seen from the cab 6, forms the front edge of the hook 21 (FIGS. 1, 4 and 5), parallel to the pivot axes 22, 23 of the hook shells 19, 20 and thus runs transversely to the direction of the gripper 21 in the spoon movement. The spoon-gripper 21 is thus divided transversely to its working direction when spooning the soil, so that when digging trenches by spoons by means of the spoon edge 33, a subsequent work as a gripper 21 in the dug digging trenches is possible.

In the hydraulic excavator shown in Fig. 9, an alternative embodiment of Endauslegerarmes 9 is provided in the form of a rotary handle 9 ', which is connected via the rotary 16' as formed rotary gear 16 with the head portion 45 of the Endauslegerarmes 9 in combination. By means of a hydraulically driven rotary gear comprehensive turntable 16 ', the rotary handle 9' can be rotated about its vertical vertical axis 46. In the pivot axis 12 at the free lower end of the rotary handle 9 'is the Bracket 15 pivotally mounted, which receives the carrier 14 for the gripper 21 approximately centrally on the bottom. Parallel to the bracket 15 'is mounted on the pivot shaft 9 in a spaced from the pivot axis 12 pivot axis 39' of the lever 38, is mounted at the free end in the bearing eye 37 of the piston 13 of the drive unit. Between the bearing eye 37 'at the free end of the bracket 15 and the bearing eye 37 at the piston end of the drive unit 13, another lever 44, whose length corresponds to the distance between the pivot axes 12 and 39' on the rotary handle 9 'extends.

The rotary handle 9 'can be rotated by means of the turntable 16' together with the drive unit 13 and mounted on the bracket 15 gripper 21 about its vertical vertical axis 46. The rotary handle 9 'can also be pivoted by means of the boom 8. In addition, the console 15 can be pivoted with the gripper 21 thereon under the action of the drive unit 13 and the parallelogram of the boom 15 and the levers 38 and 44 about the pivot axis 12 at the lower end of the rotary handle 9 ', so that the gripper 21 also obliquely can be employed, as shown in Fig. 10. Finally, as shown in FIG. 10, when the gripper 21 is closed and the gripper shells 19 are locked mechanically, the gripper cup 19 can be spooned over the upper, toothed spoon edge 33 both under the action of the drive unit 13 on the console 15 and under the action of the jib 8 and / or. or the rotary handle 9 '. After removal of the blocking of the gripper shells 19, 20 can also in the position shown in Fig. 10 of the gripper 21 under the action of the drive unit 26 between the bracket 15 and gripper shell 20 dredging work are carried out, for example, diagonally under underground pipes, pipes od. Like. Thus, it is possible to use the hydraulic excavator without any modification both for gripping and for spooning.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

01

Hydraulic excavators

02

tires

03

chassis

04

slewing ring

05

machinery

06

cabin

07

platform

08

boom

09

Endauslegerarm

09 '

Swivel handle

10

implement

11, 12

swivel axis

13

drive unit

14

carrier

15

console

16

rotary gear

16 '

slewing ring

17

mounting tab

18

holder

19

Grapple shell (left)

20

Claw shell (right)

21

grab

22, 23

swivel axis

24, 25

spur gear

26

drive unit

27

opening

28

Bracket (upper)

29

Bracket (lower)

30, 31

pivot bearing

32

Axis (from part 4)

33

spoon edge

34

locking device

35

stop pin

36

recess

37, 37 '

bearing eye

38

lever

39

benchmark

39 '

swivel axis

40

depository

41

Holm

42

depository

43

joint

44

lever

45

headboard

46

axis

Claims (9)

Working tool for an excavator, in particular for digging excavated trenches with a hydraulic excavator with multi-part boom, with a attachable at the free end of Endauslegerarmes, pivotable carrier with a holder for the open at the tops of the hook shells of a gripper, characterized in that the gripper ( 21) by mechanical blocking of the closed gripper shells (19, 20) on the holder (18) can be converted to the spoon. Working apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the gripper shells (19, 20) are mounted in pivot axes on the holder (18) and mechanically coupled to the pivoting movement, that for opening and closing the gripper shells (19, 20) between the carrier (14). and a gripper cup (20) is arranged a drive unit (26) and that the other gripper cup (19) by means of a locking device in the closed position on the holder (18) can be blocked. Implement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each gripper cup (19, 20) by means of a respective pivot axis (22, 23) on the holder (18) is mounted and that the pivot axes (22, 23) arranged parallel to each other and at a distance from each other and by means of non-rotatably mounted on the pivot axes (22, 23) of the gripper shells (19, 20) arranged with each other engaged gears (24, 25) are mechanically coupled. Working tool according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that two driving spur gears (25) with common, on the holder (18) mounted pivot axis (23) on the driven gripper shell (20) and two driven spur gears (24) with common, on Holder (18) mounted pivot axis (22) on the driven gripper shell (19) are arranged. Implement according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the locking device is formed in the closed position between the abutting side walls of the gripper shells (19, 20) acting on the holder (18) fixed stop pin (34). Working tool according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the carrier (14) at the free end of the Endauslegerarmes (9) with the interposition of a rotary gear (16) for rotational movement of the gripper (21) can be arranged. Working tool according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that on the perpendicular to the pivot axes (22, 23) of the gripper shells (19, 20) and above the fully open at the top of a gripper shell (19) arranged front the carrier (14) are arranged two vertically spaced-apart holders (28, 29), the upper holder (28) for fixing the carrier (14) to a Endauslegerarm (9) can be arranged drive unit (13) and the lower holder ( 29) for attachment of the carrier (14) at the free end of the Endauslegerarmes (9) when spooning with closed gripper (21) in locked and locked gripper shells (19, 20) are used. Working tool according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the Endauslegerarm (9) of a head part (45), a turntable (16 ') and a rotary handle (9') is formed, at the lower end of a console (15) for the carrier (14) with the gripper (21) is articulated, and that on the rotary handle (9 ') a drive unit (13) for pivoting the console (15) relative to the rotary handle (9') is arranged. Working tool according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the drive units (13, 26) are designed as hydraulic cylinder piston units.

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