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  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D263/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings
  • C07D263/52—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
  • C07D263/54—Benzoxazoles; Hydrogenated benzoxazoles
  • C07D263/58—Benzoxazoles; Hydrogenated benzoxazoles with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached in position 2
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/02—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for peripheral neuropathies
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
  • A61P25/16—Anti-Parkinson drugs
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/18—Antipsychotics, i.e. neuroleptics; Drugs for mania or schizophrenia
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/20—Hypnotics; Sedatives
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/22—Anxiolytics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/24—Antidepressants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
  • C07D413/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D413/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a group of novel phenylpiperazine derivatives with a dual mode of action: serotonin reuptake inhibition and partial agonism on dopamine - D 2 receptors.
• the invention also relates to the use of a compound disclosed herein for the manufacture of a medicament giving a beneficial effect.
• a beneficial effect is disclosed herein or apparent to a person skilled in the art from the specification and general knowledge in the art.
• the invention also relates to the use of a compound of the invention for the manufacture of a medicament for treating or preventing a disease or condition. More particularly, the invention relates to a new use for the treatment of a disease or condition disclosed herein or apparent to a person skilled in the art from the specification and general knowledge in the art.
• the goal of the present invention was to provide further compounds with a dual action as partial dopamine-D 2 antagonists and serotonin reuptake inhibitors.
• the invention relates to a group of novel compounds of the formula (1):
• X S or O
• Ri is H, (Ci-C 6 )alkyl, CF 3 , CH 2 CF 3 , OH or O-(Ci-C 6 )alkyl
• R 2 is H, (Ci-C ⁇ jalkyl, halogen or cyano
• R 3 is H or (Ci-C 6 )alkyl
• T is a saturated or unsaturated carbon chain of 2 -7 atoms, wherein one carbon atom may be replaced with a nitrogen atom, optionally substituted with an (Ci-C 3 )-alkyl, CF 3 or CH 2 CF 3 group, an oxygen atom or a sulphur atom, which chain is optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of (Ci-C 3 )alkyl, (Ci-C 3 )alkoxy, halogen, cyano, trifluoromethyl, OCF 3 , SCF 3 , OCHF 2 and nitro,
• the dotted line is either a single or a double bond
• R 5 is a substituent selected from the group consisting of (Ci-C 3 )alkyl, (Ci-C 3 )alkoxy, halogen, cyano, trifluoromethyl, OCF 3 , SCF 3 , OCHF 2 and nitro,
• n has the value 0-4,
• 'alkyl(C i -3 )' means 'methyl, ethyl, n -propyl or isopropyl'.
• Prodrugs of the compounds mentioned above are in the scope of the present invention.
• Prodrugs are therapeutic agents which are inactive per se but are transformed into one or more active metabolites.
• Prodrugs are bioreversible derivatives of drug molecules used to overcome some barriers to the utility of the parent drug molecule. These barriers include, but are not limited to, solubility, permeability, stability, presystemic metabolism and targeting limitations (Medicinal Chemistry: Principles and Practice, 1994, Ed.: F. D. King, p. 215; J. Stella, "Prodrugs as therapeutics", Expert Opin. Ther. Patents, 14(3), 277-280, 2004; P.
• Pro-drugs i.e. compounds which when administered to humans by any known route, are metabolised to compounds having formula (1), belong to the invention.
• this relates to compounds with primary or secondary amino or hydroxy groups.
• Such compounds can be reacted with organic acids to yield compounds having formula (1) wherein an additional group is present which is easily removed after administration, for instance, but not limited to amidine, enamine, a Mannich base, a hydroxyl -methylene derivative, an O-(acyloxy-methylene carbamate) derivative, carbamate, ester, amide or enaminone.
• N-oxides of the compounds mentioned above are in the scope of the present invention.
• Tertiary amines may or may not give rise to N -oxide metabolites. The extend to what N -oxidation takes place varies from trace amounts to a near quantitative conversion.
• N-oxides may be more active than their corresponding tertiary amines or less active. Whilst N-oxides are easily reduced to their corresponding tertiary amines by chemical means, in the huma n body this happens to varying degrees. Some N-oxides undergo nearly quantitative reductive conversion to the corresponding tertiary amines, in other cases the conversion is a mere trace reaction or even completely absent. (M. H. Bickel: " The pharmacology and Biochemistry of N-oxides", Pharmacological Reviews, 21(4), 325 - 355, 1969).
• the compounds according to the invention show high affinity for both the dopamine D 2 receptor and the serotonin reuptake site.
• the compounds show activity at dopamine D 2 receptors with varying degree of agonism. All of the compounds show activity as inhibitors of serotonin reuptake, as they potentiate 5 - HTP induced behaviour in mice (B. L. Jacobs., 'An animal behaviour model for studying central serotonergic synapses' , Life ScL, 1976, 19(6), 777-785).
• the use of partial dopamine -D 2 receptor agonists offers a dynamic medication that self-adjusts on a moment-to-moment basis to the endogenous state of the patient.
• full dopamine-D 2 receptor agonists like bromocriptine (hallucination s, nausea, vomiting, dyskinesia, orthostatic hypotension, somnolescence) or full dopamine -D 2 receptor antagonists like haloperidol (emotional blunting, dysphoria, tardive dyskinesia).
• Partial dopamine-D 2 receptor agonists not only show a flexible modulation and a favourable side-effect profile, they also have a pronounced anxiolytic profile in relevant animal models (Drugs of the Future 2001, 26(2): 128-132).
• Partial dopamine-D 2 receptor agonists are compounds that - when tested in a concentration response range - achieve activation in the functional cAMP cell based assay (as described below). Partial dopamine-D 2 receptor agonists will act as an agonist in cases when the endogenous synaptic tone of dopamine is low, or in the the presence of a full dopamine-D 2 receptor antagonist, and will act as an antagonist in cases w hen the endogenous synaptic tone of dopamine is high, or in the presence of a full dopamine D 2 receptor agonist. Like full agonists, partial dopamine -D 2 receptor agonists in general are active in sensitized systems.
• a pharmaceutical preparation combining partial dopamine -D 2 receptor agonistic activity having low intrinsic functional activity with serotonin reuptake inhibitory activity is recommended.
• a pharmaceutical preparation combining partial dopamine-D 2 receptor agonistic activity with high intrinsic functional activity and serotonin reuptake activity according to the invention has considerable advantages.
• disorders characterized by dynamic fluctuations in dopamine neuro transmission like bipolar depression and addiction will profit in particular from the flexible adjustment of the dopamine system by the partial dopamine -D 2 receptor agonists in the pharmaceutical preparation.
• Combining this "dopaminergic neurotransmission stabilizing" activity with serotonin reuptake inhibitory activity will enhance antidepressive and anxiolytic efficacy.
• the compounds can be used for the treatment of affections or diseases of the central nervous system caused by disturbances in the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems, for example: aggression, anxiety disorders, autism, vertigo, depression, disturbances of cognition or memory, Parkinson's disease, and in particular schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders.
• salts may be obtained using standard procedures well known in the art, for example by mixing a compound of the present invention with a suitable acid, for instance an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid, or with an organic acid.
• a suitable acid for instance an inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid, or with an organic acid.
• the compounds of the invention can be brought into forms suitable for administration by means of usual processes using auxiliary substances such as liquid or solid carrier material.
• the pharmaceutical compositions of the invention may be administered enterally, orally, parenterally (intramuscularly or intravenously), rectally or locally (topically). They can be administered in the form of solutions, powders, tablets, capsules (including microcapsules), ointments (creams or gel) or suppositories.
• Suitable excipients for such formulations are the pharmaceutically customary liquid or solid fillers and extenders, solvents, emulsifiers, lubricants, flavorings, colorings and/or buffer substances.
• auxiliary substances which may be mentioned are magnesium carbonate, titanium dioxide, lactose, mannitol and other sugars, talc, lactoprotein, gelatin, starch, cellulose and its derivatives, animal and vegetable oils such as fish liver oil, sunflower, groundnut or sesame oil, polyethylene glycol and solvents such as, for example, sterile water and mono- or polyhydric alcohols such as glycerol.
• Compounds of the present invention are generally administered as pharmaceutical compositions which are important and novel embodiments of the invention because of the presence of the compounds, more particularly specific compounds disclosed herein.
• a pharmaceutical pack or kit comprising one or more containers filled with one or more of the ingredients of a pharmaceutical composition of the invention.
• container(s) can be various written materials such as instructions for use, or a notice in the form prescribed by a governmental agency regu lating the manufacture, use or sale of pharmaceuticals products, which notice reflects approval by the agency of manufacture, use, or sale for human or veterinary administration.
• Affinity of the compounds for dopamine -D 2 receptor s was determined using the receptor binding assay described by I. Creese, R. Schneider and S. H. Snyder: "[ 3 H]- Spiroperidol labels dopamine receptors in rat pituitary and brain", Eur. J. Pharmacol., 46, 377 - 381 , 1977.
• Affinity of the compounds for serotonin reuptake sites was determined using the receptor binding assay described by E. Habert et a/.,: "Characterisation of [ 3 H]- paroxetine binding to rat cortical membranes", Eur.J. Pharmacol., 118, 107-114, 1985.
• the in vitro functional activity at dopamine-D 2 receptors, including the intrinsic activity ( ⁇ ) of the compounds of the invention was measured by their ability to inhibit forskolin-induced [ 3 H]-CAMP accumulation.
• fibroblast cell line CHO -K1 cells Human dopamine D 2 L receptors were cloned in fibroblast cell line CHO -K1 cells and obtained from Dr. Grandy, Vollum Institute, Portland, Oregon, USA. CHO cells were grown in a Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) culture medium, supplemented with 10% heat -inactivated fetal calf serum, 2 mM glutamine, 1 mM pyruvate, 5000 units/ml penicillin, 5000 ⁇ g/ml streptomycin and 200 ⁇ g/ml G-418 at 37 0 C in 93% air/7% CO ⁇ . For incubation with test compounds, confluent cultures grown in 24 wells plates were used. Each condition or substance was routinely tested in quadruplicate.
• DMEM Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium
• Test compounds were obtained as 10 mM stock solutions in 100% DMSO, and diluted in PBS/IBMX to final concentrations. Typically, compounds were used in concentrations that ranged from 10 "10 M to 10 "5 M. From quadruplicate data counts, the mean was taken as an estimate for drug -induced, receptor-mediated effects at specified second messenger accumulation, expressed as percentage of control values (forskolin -stimulated cAMP accumulation, subtracted by basal activity). By using the non -linear curve-fitting program INPLOT or the Excel -add-in XL-Fit, mean values were plotted against drug concentration (in molar) and a sigmoid curve (four- parameter logistic curve) was constructed.
• the maximal forskolin -induced stimulated conversion is taken as maximum value and the maximal inhibition (usually at drug concentrations 10 "6 M or 10 "5 M) as minimum and these values were fixed during the fitting process.
• concentrations of the compound, causing 50% of the maximally obtained inhibition of forskolin -induced cAMP accumulation (EC 50 ) are averaged over several experiments and presented as mean pEC 50 ⁇ SEM.
• Antagonist potency is assessed by co -incubating cells with a fixed agonist concentration and specified antagonist concentrations. Curve fitting procedures are identical to those used for estimating EC 50 values.
• IC 50 values i.e. the concentration that is able to achieve 50% of maximal antagonism that can be achieved by this compound.
• IC 50 values are corrected using a Cheng -Prussoff equation, correcting it for agonist concentration and EC 50 values that is obtained in the same experiment.
• K b IC 50 / (1+ [agonist]/EC 50 , agonist).
• the corresponding pA 2 value is -log (K b ).
• Concentration -response curve fitting allows estimation of pEC 50 values and of maximal achievable effect (intrinsic activity or efficacy ( ⁇ ).
• the affinity of the compounds of the invention for dopamine-D 2 receptors and serotonine reuptake sites was determined as described above. From the binding affinity measured for a given compound of formula (1), one can estimate a theoretical lowest effective dose. At a concentrati on of the compound equal to twice the measured K r value, 100% of the receptors likely will be occupied by the compound. Converting that concentration to mg of compound per kg of patient yields a theoretical lowest effective dose, assuming ideal bioavailabi lity. Pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and other considerations may alter the dose actually administered to a higher or lower value. The dosage expediently administered is 0.001 - 1000 mg/kg, preferably 0.1 -100 mg/kg of patient's bodyweight.
• treatment refers to any treatment of a mammalian, preferably human condition or disease, and includes: (1) preventing the disease or condition from occurring in a subject which may be predisposed to the disease but has not yet been diagnosed as having it, (2) inhibiting the disease or condition, i.e., arresting its development, (3) relieving the disease or condition, i.e., causing regression of the condition, or (4) relieving the conditions caused by the disease, i.e., stopping the symptoms of the disease.
• the residu was subjected to flash column chromatography (SiO 2 , eluent: CH 2 CI 2 /MeOH/NH 4 OH 960/37.5/2.5) yielding the pure free base 3.
• the latter was converted into its HCI salt (by treatment with 1 eq. of 1.0 N AcCI/MeOH), giving compound 3.HCI, melting point 100-140 0 C (decomposition).
• step i This step was done analogously to step i in scheme IV.
• step ii in scheme IV was done analogously to step ii in scheme IV using benzophenonimine as the amine.
• the residu should be treated carefully; chromatographic purification was carried out by using AI 2 O 3 (neutral, activity IV, Aldrich), eluent: DCM/petroleum ether 1/4, yielding the protected aniline derivative in 76% yield as a yellow oil which solidifies upon standing.
• step Hi This step was done analogously to step ii in scheme IV using piperazine as the amine.
• the resulting residu was purified by flash column chromatography (AI 2 O 3 (neutral, activity IV, Aldrich) eluent: DMA 0.187), yielding a 5.0 g (80%) of a brown yellow foam containing the alkylated phenylpiperazine.
• step iv 3.15 g (5.05 mmol) of the alkylated phenylpiperazine (from step iv) were dissolved in 100 ml of methanol, to the latter solution, 6.37 g (100 mmol) of ammonium formiate and a small amount of 10 % Pd-C were added.
• the reaction mixture was refluxed for 20 hours, after cooling the mixture was filtered and the filtrate concentrated in vacuo.
• the residu was taken up in metha nol and the latter solution passed through a SCX (ion -exchange) column (2x 70 grams columns). Subsequent elution with 1 M NH 3 /MeOH released the desired product. Concentration of the product containing fractions yielded 0.82 g (44%) of a dark red glassy comp ound (containing the corresponding aminophenol) which was directly used in step vi.
• Table 1 examples of compounds of the invention.
• the toluene used in this experiment was degassed for three hours prior to usage. 1.48 g (1.61 mmol) of Pd 2 (dba) 3 and 3.02 g (4.85 mmol) of BINAP were put into 400 ml of toluene after which the mixture was stirred and heated to 105 0 C for 0.5 hours after which the mixture was allowed to room temperature. Subsequently were added to the reaction mixture: 27.
• step i 20.5 g (81.3 mmol) of dibromophenol and 20 g of potassium carbonate were suspended in 400 ml of aceton , after which 15.7 ml of benzylbromide were added.
• the reaction mixture was refluxed for 24 hours. After the mixture had reached room temperature, it was concentrated in vacuo. Subsequently water was added and CH 2 CI 2 .
• the organic layer was filtered with a water repellant filter, the dry filtrate concentrated in vacuo after which it was dissolved again in 200 ml of acetonitrile. Subsequently, 15 ml of piperidine were added after which the temperature was raised to 60 0 C for one hour.
• reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo and CH 2 CI 2 was added. The latter was washed with: 1 N HCI (3x), water, 2N NaOH, and again water. The organic layer was filtered with a water repellant filter, the dry filtrate concentrated in vacuo yielding 27.6 g (99%) of the corresp onding benzylated phenol.
• Scheme VII, step i This step was done analogously to step i in scheme IV. After chromatograhic purification an oil containing the benzylated product, was isolated in 88% yield. The oil solidified upon standing.
• step ii This step was done analogously to step ii in scheme IV. Boc-piperazine was used in this Buchwald reaction. Yield after chromatographic purification: 44% of a b rown oil.
• step v in scheme IV This step (ring closure with CDI) was done analogously to step v in scheme IV.
• the crude product after work up was chromatographed (flash colu mn, SiO 2 , eluent DCM/MeOH 97/3) yielding 7.6 g of an impure brown foam.
• a second chromatography (flash column, SiO 2 , eluent EtOAc/petroleum ether 1/2) yielded 3.3 g (42%) of pure brown foam, containing the N -Boc protected benzoxazolinone piperazine.
• step vii This deprotection step was done analogously to the procedure described in step i ii (scheme Vl). Yield: 94% of a light pink solid of 98% purity, containing the product VII-H.HCI.
• reaction mixture was added, in one time, to a 0 0 C solution of 2.42 g (16.9 mmol) CuBr in 20 ml of 48% HBr/water. After 30 minutes the reaction mixture was heated to 85 oC for one hour, after which it was allowed to reach room temperature, stirring was continued for 14 hours. To the mixture diethyl ether and water were added, after shaking the organic layer was isolated which was washed with water. The organic layer, together with some silica, was concentrated in vacuo, and the residu was put on top of a flash chromatography column (SiO 2 ) using Et 2 O/petroleum ether (1/1), and later on pure Et 2 O as the eluent. The combined product containing fractions yielded after concentration in vacuo 3.3 g (47%) of the desired corresponding bromo product.
• the dot represents the attachments to the phenylpiperazine part of the compounds of formula (1).
• the ketone was coupled to amine I-H.HCI according to step ii in scheme B2, instead of DCE, THF was used as the solvent in the reductive alkylation.
• reaction mixture was cooled and concentrated in vacuo, the residu was taken up in diethylether, the suspension filtered and the filtrate was washed with 1 M HCI, 20% NH 4 CI (H 2 O) and water, respectively.
• the organic layer was dried (MgSO 4 ) and concentrated in vacuo, the residu purified by flash column chromatography (SiO 2 , eluent: DCM/petroleum ether 4/1), yielding 6.43 g (77%) of the indolylalkylester.
• step H 7.49 g (30.3 mmol) of the (from step i) were dissolved in 200 ml of absolute ethanol and 0.75 g of 10% Pd/C were added after which hydrogenation was started at room temperature and 1 atmosphere. After 14 hours the mixture was filtered over hyflo, the filtrate concentrated in vacuo, yielding 7.54 g (100%) of the corresponding indolylalkylester .
• step Hi This step was done analogous to Scheme 3, step iii.
• reaction mixture was poured into a solution containing 2.22 g of NaHSO 3 , 22 ml of 25% NH 4 OH and 333 ml of water. Crystallization started, filtration yielded 5.87 g of the unstable 3-indolyl-iodide, which was directly used in step ii.
• the 3-indolyl-iodide was dissolved in 33 ml of toluene, and in the following order were added: 33 ml of water, 22 ml 50% of NaOH and 0.71 g (2.22 mmol) of TBAB. While vigorously stirring, a solution of 2.8 g (24.4 mmol) of mesylchloride in 33 ml of toluene, was added. After the addition was complete, stirring was continued for 90 minutes. The reaction mixture was washed with water (2x), and the organic fraction was concentrated in vacuo, yielding 6.67 g of a light brown oil.
• step H To a stirred solution of the indole Q10-OH of step i (25.9 g, 123 mmol) and imidazole (8.71 g, 128 mmol) in 150 ml DMF at 0 0 C was added triethylsilylchloride (21.5 ml, 128 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred for 3 hours at room temperature H 2 O and Et 2 O were added. The Et 2 O layer was separated and the aqueous layer was extracted 1x with Et 2 O. The combined Et 2 O layers were washed with H 2 O (3x) and brine respectively. The Et 2 O was dried (Na 2 SO 4 ) and evaporated under reduced pressure to give 36.04 g (90%) of the silylated alcohol as a brown oil.
• Q6-OH, Q8-OH and Q9-OH can be synthesized analogously to the previous procedures.
• the starting 5-bromoindole alcohol was prepared according to: Campos, Kevin R.; Woo, Jacqueline C. S.; Lee, Sandra; Tillyer, Richard D., Org.Lett., 6 (2004) 79 - 82.
• step i A solution of 45 g of the indolylpropylalcohol (0.177 mol) and 12.65 g of imidazole (0.185 mol) in 150 ml of DMF was cooled in an ice/EtOH bath and tert.- butyldiphenylsilylchloride (50.8 g, 48.1 ml, 0.185 mol) was added in two portions. The reaction mixture was stirred at 0 0 C for one hour after which it was allowed to reach room temperature. After 4 hours stirring at roo m temperature, the reaction mixture was poured into water after which the resulting mixture was extracted two times with Et 2 O.
• the reaction mixture was poured into 500 ml of Hamilton pH 7 buffer (gas evolution) and the aqueous layer was extracted with 750 ml (in total) CH 2 CI 2 (3x). The combined organic layers were washed with H 2 O (1x) and brine (1x). The CH 2 CI 2 fraction was dried (Na 2 SO 4 ). The drying agent was removed by filtration and the solvent by evaporation under reduced pressure. The residue was chromatographed (SiO 2 ) with EtOAc/PA 1/1 as eluent to give 3.82 g (69%) of the acylated indole as a light colored solid.
• Scheme 12 step vii Was prepared according to the procedure as described for scheme 2 step iii.
• the starting material was commercially available.
• step v A mixture of the alkene (11 g, 23 mmol) and 0.5 g 10% Pd/C in 240 ml EtOAc/MeOH 1/1 was hydrogenated (1 atm) at room temperature for 4 h. The reaction mixture was filtered through a pad of Hyflo which was rinsed with 200 ml EtOAc/MeOH 3/1. The filtrate was evaporated under reduced pressure to give 11.2 g (103%) as a solid.
• step vi A mixture of the alkene (11 g, 23 mmol) and 0.5 g 10% Pd/C in 240 ml EtOAc/MeOH 1/1 was hydrogenated (1 atm) at room temperature for 4 h. The reaction mixture was filtered through a pad of Hyflo which was rinsed with 200 ml EtOAc/MeOH 3/1. The filtrate was evaporated under reduced pressure to give 11.2 g (103%) as a solid.
• Scheme 13 step vi A mixture of the alkene (11 g, 23
• step vii Was prepared analogously to step iii in scheme 2.
• the obtained iodide can be coupled to an a mine following the procedure in schema A2, step i.
• the resulting N -tosylated product can be de-tosylated by standard procedures like refluxing (72 hours) in 1 M TBAF in THF. Usual work up and purification by column chromatography yield the pure product like compound ⁇ 2.
• DMA0.125 980 18.75 1.25 DMA0.187 970 28.13 1.87 DMA0.25 960 37.5 2.5 DMA0.50 920 75.0 5.0 DMA0.75 880 112.5 7.5 DMA 1.00 840 150.0 10.0
• Dopamine-D 2 and serotonin reuptake receptor affinity data obtained according to the protocols given above are shown in the table below.

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  • 2005-12-06 WO PCT/EP2005/056508 patent/WO2006061379A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2005-12-06 RU RU2007125660/04A patent/RU2007125660A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2005-12-06 AT AT05850037T patent/ATE401883T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2005-12-06 PT PT05850037T patent/PT1827427E/pt unknown
  • 2005-12-06 BR BRPI0518613-7A patent/BRPI0518613A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2005-12-06 AU AU2005313390A patent/AU2005313390A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2005-12-06 EP EP05816322A patent/EP1824479B1/fr active Active
  • 2005-12-06 WO PCT/EP2005/056505 patent/WO2006061376A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 2005-12-06 WO PCT/EP2005/056506 patent/WO2006061377A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2005-12-06 SI SI200530416T patent/SI1827427T1/sl unknown
  • 2005-12-06 DE DE602005008471T patent/DE602005008471D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2005-12-06 EP EP05813645A patent/EP1827426A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2005-12-06 EP EP05850037A patent/EP1827427B1/fr active Active
  • 2005-12-06 RU RU2007125661/04A patent/RU2007125661A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2005-12-06 AU AU2005313312A patent/AU2005313312A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2005-12-06 RU RU2007125658/04A patent/RU2007125658A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2005-12-06 PT PT05816322T patent/PT1824479E/pt unknown
  • 2005-12-06 JP JP2007544895A patent/JP2008523029A/ja not_active Withdrawn
  • 2005-12-06 SI SI200530566T patent/SI1824479T1/sl unknown
  • 2005-12-06 AU AU2005313311A patent/AU2005313311A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2005-12-06 EP EP05816324A patent/EP1824480A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 2005-12-06 PL PL05816322T patent/PL1824479T3/pl unknown
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  • 2005-12-06 DK DK05850037T patent/DK1827427T3/da active
  • 2005-12-06 CA CA002587202A patent/CA2587202A1/fr not_active Abandoned
• 2007
  • 2007-05-08 IL IL183061A patent/IL183061A0/en unknown
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• 2008
  • 2008-10-22 HR HR20080538T patent/HRP20080538T3/xx unknown
• 2009
  • 2009-01-13 HR HR20090015T patent/HRP20090015T3/xx unknown

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