EP1825228A1 - Dispositif pour determiner et/ou surveiller un debit volumique et/ou massique - Google Patents

Dispositif pour determiner et/ou surveiller un debit volumique et/ou massique

Info

Publication number
EP1825228A1
EP1825228A1 EP05813346A EP05813346A EP1825228A1 EP 1825228 A1 EP1825228 A1 EP 1825228A1 EP 05813346 A EP05813346 A EP 05813346A EP 05813346 A EP05813346 A EP 05813346A EP 1825228 A1 EP1825228 A1 EP 1825228A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
measuring tube
measuring
ultrasonic
flow
medium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05813346A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Fröhlich
Achim Wiest
Andreas Berger
Torsten Strunz
Oliver Berberig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Endress and Hauser Flowtec AG
Original Assignee
Endress and Hauser Flowtec AG
Flowtec AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Endress and Hauser Flowtec AG, Flowtec AG filed Critical Endress and Hauser Flowtec AG
Publication of EP1825228A1 publication Critical patent/EP1825228A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/66—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by measuring frequency, phase shift or propagation time of electromagnetic or other waves, e.g. using ultrasonic flowmeters
    • G01F1/662—Constructional details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for determining and / or monitoring the volume and / or mass flow of a measuring medium through a pipeline or a measuring tube, wherein the measuring medium flows through the measuring tube essentially in a flow direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the measuring tube at least one ultrasonic sensor which emits and / or receives ultrasonic measurement signals on at least one defined sound path, wherein the at least one ultrasonic sensor is placed in the wall of the measuring tube or on the outer wall of the pipeline at a defined sensor position, and with a control / evaluation unit, which determines the volume and / or mass flow of the medium to be measured through the pipeline or through the measuring tube on the basis of the ultrasonic measurement signals.
  • the measuring medium may be a liquid, gas or vapor medium.
  • the ultrasonic sensors are mounted medium touching.
  • a significantly higher sound power can be coupled into the measuring medium.
  • the coupling of a higher sound power leads to an improvement of the signal / noise ratio.
  • the signal / noise ratio is defined by the ratio of useful signal to interference signal.
  • the useful signal defines the proportion of ultrasonic measurement signals that are transmitted via the measuring medium.
  • the interference signal represents the proportion of ultrasonic measurement signals that reach the receiver via the measuring tube.
  • the ultrasonic sensors are positioned at an inline flow meter in holes in the wall of the measuring tube.
  • the ultrasonic sensors are mounted in the wall of the measuring tube so that in any case the tightness of the measuring tube is guaranteed under all operating conditions.
  • an arrangement is used in which the ultrasonic sensors are located on a direct connecting line.
  • the ultrasonic measurement signals reach the inner wall of the measuring tube via multiple reflection from the transmitting to the receiving ultrasonic sensor.
  • the transit time, the phase difference or the frequency difference of ultrasound measuring signals which are normally used to obtain the desired flow information are used in order to obtain the desired flow information.
  • the reason for the non-linear behavior of the measured value deviations to small Reynolds numbers out is the influence of the flow in the measuring tube through the previously described cavities. It is an intrinsic feature of laminar flows that they become more and more closely conformed to the inner wall of the measuring tube as the Reynolds number decreases, ie the flow follows any wall irregularity. Such an irregularity is, for example, a previously described fluid bag. Due to the deviating in the range of ultrasonic sensors from the main flow velocity components are additional Integrated speed components along the sound path, so that at low Reynolds numbers towards significant deviations occur.
  • a grating is arranged in front of the cavity in US-PS 3,906,791 so that it is flush with the inner wall of the measuring tube.
  • This insert is acoustically permeable due to adapted dimensions for the ultrasonic measuring signals.
  • a disadvantage of this solution are the expected acoustic attenuation and the scattering of the ultrasonic measurement signals, the additional manufacturing effort and the risk of adding the grid in impure fluids.
  • a disadvantage of this solution is that it comes to a weakening of the useful signal due to the reduced sound opening.
  • deposits can also lead to blockages in the case of impure fluids. It can also come in the case of a flowing liquid to air pockets in the cavities, which also has a negative effect on the strength of the useful signal.
  • a method which aims at a subsequent correction of the measured value deviation.
  • it is proposed to continuously determine the Reynolds number of the flowing fluid on the basis of the ratios of speeds or the differences of speeds along at least two measuring paths / sound paths which differ from one another.
  • the invention has for its object to obtain a method for linearization of the measurement characteristic over an extended Reynolds number range.
  • the object is achieved in that the wall of the pipe or the
  • Measuring tube in the region of the defined sensor position of the ultrasonic sensor and / or in the sound path of the ultrasonic measurement signals of the at least one ultrasonic sensor has a deformation or deformations which is configured and / or arranged such that the measured in the sound path flow velocity of the Measuring medium or - in the case of multiple ultrasonic sensors
  • the measured in the sound paths and / or computed flow velocities of the measuring medium regardless of the Reynolds number at least approximately corresponds to the mean over the surface of the pipe or the measuring tube averaged flow velocity of the measuring medium.
  • a significant advantage of the device according to the invention is the fact that even with inline flowmeters with small diameters (DN 15 "DN50) and small Reynolds numbers (Re ⁇ 10'00O) flow-mechanically related measured value deviations caused by concern of the flow are caused to the deformed in the ultrasonic sensors or measuring tube by turbulence of the medium to be measured in the cavities between the ultrasonic sensors and the inner wall of the measuring tube are minimized.
  • the deformations involve, in particular, recesses or depressions in the wall of the measuring tube. These recesses are dimensioned such that measured value deviations over the desired Reynolds number measurement range are minimized either for each individual sound path, or else the minimization comes about by offsetting the individual sound paths conditions.
  • the deformations are substantially configured in the region between the end of the inner tube of the measuring tube end of the at least one ultrasonic sensor and the inner wall of the measuring tube so that flow components that from the longitudinal axis of Diverge measuring tube parallel flow direction, at least approximately compensate along the measurement path and / or are at least approximately displaced out of the measuring path.
  • the invention is based on targeted by specific geometric changes / change or deformation / deformation of the inner wall of the measuring tube in the vicinity of the cavity filled with the measuring medium to influence the flow of the measuring medium so
  • the deformation or the deformations are designed so that no narrow gaps occur in the region of the defined sensor position of the ultrasonic sensor and / or in the region of the sound path of the ultrasonic measurement signals of the at least one ultrasonic sensor.
  • Wall of the pipe or the measuring tube is a the cross section of the pipe or the measuring tube enlarging depression.
  • the deformation may also be a projection projecting into the interior of the measuring tube.
  • At least one ultrasonic sensor is positioned in a bore and / or designed so that it protrudes into the interior of the measuring tube.
  • it also advantageously influences the flow behavior of the measurement medium with regard to a linearization of the measurement characteristic for low Reynolds numbers, or it influences it in conjunction with at least one deformation which can be found in its vicinity.
  • the flowmeter may be a clamp-on flowmeter or an inline flowmeter.
  • the clamp-on flowmeter or the inline flowmeter determines the flow velocity of the measuring medium either after a sound carry-on method, in particular according to the transit time difference principle, or after a Doppler method.
  • the measuring tube or the ultrasonic sensor or the ultrasonic sensors supporting portion of the pipe is made as a casting.
  • the casting itself is made of either metal or plastic.
  • FIG. 1a is a perspective view of a cut-measuring tube according to a first embodiment of the device according to the invention
  • FIG. 1b shows a longitudinal section according to the marking A-A in Fig. Ic
  • FIG. 2a shows a perspective view of a cut-open measuring tube according to a second embodiment of the device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2b shows a longitudinal section according to the marking A-A in Fig. 2c
  • FIG. 2c shows a cross section according to the marking B-B in FIG. 2b, FIG.
  • 3a shows a perspective view of a cut-open measuring tube according to a third embodiment of the device according to the invention
  • 3b shows a longitudinal section according to the marking AA in Fig. 3c
  • FIG. 3c shows a cross section according to the marking B-B in FIG. 3b, FIG.
  • FIG. 4a shows a perspective view of a cut-open measuring tube according to a fourth embodiment of the device according to the invention
  • FIG. 4b shows a longitudinal section according to the marking AA in FIG. 4c
  • FIG. 4c shows a cross-section according to FIG 5 a shows a perspective view of a cut-open measuring tube according to a fifth embodiment of the device according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 b shows a longitudinal section according to the marking AA in FIG. 5 c
  • FIG. 5c a cross section according to the marking BB in FIG. 5b
  • FIG. 6a a perspective view of a cut measuring tube according to a sixth embodiment of the device according to the invention
  • FIG. 6a a perspective view of a cut measuring tube according to a sixth embodiment of the device according to the invention
  • FIG. 6b a longitudinal section according to the marking AA in FIG Fig. 6c
  • Fig. 6c a cross section according to the marking BB in Fig. 6b
  • Fig. 7a a perspective view of a cut measuring tube g 7b shows a longitudinal section according to the marking AA in FIG. 7c
  • FIG. 7c shows a cross section according to the marking BB in FIG. 7b
  • FIG. 8a shows a longitudinal section according to the marking AA in FIG. 8c
  • FIG. 8c shows a cross section according to the marking BB in FIG.
  • FIG. 8b 9a shows a perspective view of a cut-open measuring tube according to a ninth embodiment of the device according to the invention
  • FIG. 9b shows a longitudinal section according to the marking AA in FIG. 9c
  • FIG. 9c shows a cross-section according to FIG the marking BB in Fig. 9b
  • Fig. 10a a perspective view of a cut measuring tube according to a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention
  • [0061 10b a longitudinal section according to the marking BB in FIG. 10d
  • FIG. 10c a cross section according to the marking AA in FIG. 10d
  • FIG. 10d a top view of the measuring tube according to the marking C.
  • FIG. 1a a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the invention as FIG
  • FIG. 1 Ib a schematic representation of a second embodiment of the as
  • FIG. 1 Ic a schematic representation of a third embodiment of a as
  • Fig. 12a a schematic representation of the measurement characteristic of a conventional ultrasonic flowmeter with three sound paths
  • Fig. 1 to Fig. 9 are schematic representations of nine advantageous embodiments of the in-line flowmeter 10 according to the invention can be seen.
  • the flowmeters 10 shown each have three measuring channels or sound paths.
  • the determination of the volume or mass flow preferably takes place via the transit time difference method.
  • the invention can be used in any ultrasonic flowmeter 9, 10 - completely independent of the selected measurement or evaluation.
  • flow meters with at least two ultrasonic sensors are described below, an ultrasonic flow meter 9, 10 with only one ultrasonic sensor 7 or a sound path with the optimized sensor pockets can also be configured.
  • FIGS. 1 a to 9 a each show a plan view of a cut-open measuring tube 1 configured according to the invention.
  • Three holes 2 with at least partially optimized sensor pockets 4 can be seen on the cut-open measuring tube.
  • the deformations 4 are continuously formed as recesses 4 in the wall of the measuring tube 1. This has the advantage that due to an increase in the diameter D of the measuring tube 1, the risk of clogging in the measuring tube 1 is minimized. It goes without saying, however, that for the purpose of flow optimization, the deformations 4 can also be formed as elevations. Corresponding examples will be described in detail in connection with FIGS. 10, 11.
  • FIGS. 1b to 9b each show a longitudinal section according to the marking A-A in the FIGS. 1c to 9c. These longitudinal sections clearly show the shape of the sensor pocket 4 or the sensor pockets 4.
  • FIGS. 1c to 9c each show a cross section according to the marking B-B in FIGS. 1b to 9b.
  • FIGS. 1 to 9 differ essentially with respect to the design of the deformation 4 or the sensor pocket 4 and their arrangement and / or configuration relative to the ultrasonic sensor (s) 7.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 show embodiments, wherein a sensor pocket 4 is assigned to an ultrasonic sensor 7 in each case.
  • the bore 2 for receiving an ultrasonic sensor 7 is located in the edge region of the deformation 4.
  • the sensor pocket 4 has a greater width.
  • the deformations 4 extend deeper into the inner wall of the measuring tube 1 than in the two preceding solutions.
  • the bore 2 lies within the sensor pocket 4.
  • Such an embodiment of the deformation in the vicinity of the ultrasonic sensor is used, for example, for targeted flushing of the ultrasonic sensor, which helps prevent deposits.
  • FIG. 5 In the variant shown in the figures Fig. 5 are each two holes 2 arranged in a correspondingly extended sensor pocket 4.
  • FIG. 6 sketch embodiments in which three holes 2 are placed in a sensor pocket 4.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 likewise have three sound paths.
  • Fig. 8 is a very flat extending increase or decrease of the recess 4 is shown.
  • flow separation is avoided between the measuring tube wall and the recess ⁇ 6 ° across all Reynolds numbers.
  • Fig. 9 shows the same arrangement of sound paths as Fig. 8, but here only a sensor pocket 4 is provided. It is made clear here that for the initially described mode of action of the deformations 4 according to the invention, the change in shape in the immediate vicinity of an ultrasonic sensor 7 can already be sufficient.
  • FIG. 10 shows a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, in which the deformation 4 or the deformations 4 come about through components of the sensor pockets 4, wherein these components protrude into the flow and thus also these influence.
  • the component projecting into the flow is the ultrasonic sensor 7 itself.
  • FIG. 10 a shows a perspective view of a cut-open measuring tube 1.
  • FIG. 10 b shows a longitudinal section according to the marking BB in FIG. 10 d and
  • FIG. 10 c outlines a Cross section according to the label AA in Fig. 10d.
  • Fig. 10d is a plan view of the measuring tube 1 according to the marking C in Fig. 10a.
  • FIG. 1 a shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the device according to the invention designed as a clamp-on flowmeter 9.
  • the wall of the measuring tube 1 has suitable deformations, in this case elevations 4a.
  • a further deformation 4b cross-sectional widening is provided between the two position surfaces 8 for the two ultrasonic sensors 7.
  • This cross-sectional widening 4b is designed in conjunction with the two recesses 4a for positioning the ultrasonic sensors 7 so that the flow path of the measuring medium 5 in the measuring tube 1 is fluidically influenced in the desired manner:
  • the deformations 4a, 4b are such that the flow meter 9 has a largely linear behavior over an extended Reynolds number range.
  • Measuring tube 1 in the region of the sound path of the ultrasonic measurement signals by the three recesses 4a, 4b in the upper region of the measuring tube 1 increases. As a result, no unwanted pressure drop is generated in the measuring tube 1. In addition, a risk of clogging in the measuring tube 1, in particular in the case of small nominal diameters DN and in the case of an impure measuring medium 5, is reduced.
  • Fig. 1 Ib is a schematic representation of a second embodiment of the invention designed as a clamp-on flow meter 9 device to see.
  • the deformations 4d, 4e designed as positioning surfaces 8 protrude into the interior of the measuring tube 1 for the two ultrasonic sensors 7.
  • the third deformation 4f which is an elevation or bulging of the measuring tube 1, is arranged centrally between the two ultrasonic sensors 7.
  • 1 c shows a schematic representation of a third embodiment of a clamp-on flow meter 9 with two ultrasonic sensors 7, which are arranged on opposite sides of the measuring tube 1 and the sound path, respectively.
  • the positioning surfaces 8 can be found at recesses 4g, 4h of the measuring tube 1.
  • the diameter D of the measuring tube 1 likewise increasing deformation 4i joins directly to serving as a positioning surface 8 recesses 4h of the lower ultrasonic sensor 7 at.
  • FIG. 12a shows a schematic illustration of the measurement characteristic of an ultrasonic flowmeter 9; FIG. 10 with three sound paths according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 12b shows a schematic illustration of the measuring characteristic of the ultrasonic flowmeter 9, 10 according to the invention with three sound paths.
  • a ratio of the diameter D SE of the bore b 2 to the inner diameter DM of the measuring tube 1 g b r confuseer than 0.2 adversely affect the measuring characteristic of the ultrasonic flowmeter 9; 10 effects.
  • Reynolds numbers is due to the influence of the flow of the measuring medium 3 in the region of the sensor pockets 4.
  • An essential feature of laminar flows is the property of increasing the Reynolds number to be applied to the wall of the measuring tube 1, i. increasingly to follow the irregularities on the inner wall of the measuring tube 1.
  • the sensor pockets in the area of the sound path lead to transverse components, which are rectified on both sides of the opposite ultrasonic sensors 7, superimposing the main flow components, and thus lead to an additional proportion, which manifests itself as an increasing measurement value deviation.
  • a distinctly different course of all three sound paths is shown: instead of increasing, the central measurement path runs horizontally until Re - 100, while the two other sound paths start at Re ⁇ 400 show decreasing measuring characteristic.
  • the transition from a laminar to a turbulent flow profile on all sound paths can be seen as a significant jump in the measured value deviation; on the other hand, in the overall consideration of all sound paths, in the case of the optimized sensor pockets 4, the result is a continuous and linear measuring characteristic.
  • conventional ultrasonic flowmeters usually already for Re ⁇ 10'0OO already significant measured value deviations.
  • an ultrasound flow meter 9, 10 can be realized exclusively by the use of optimized sensor pockets 4 and by constantly weighted summation of the individual measured values, which within a range Re min: Re max> l'OOO only a measurement uncertainty of + 0.5% having.
  • the linearity guaranteed at Reynolds numbers ⁇ 10'0OO allows a very wide range of applications with regard to the fluids to be measured. By achieving this property by means of flow-mechanical optimization and without subsequent correction of the measured values, this results in a measuring system that retains this property even under unfavorable flow conditions.
  • the robustness can be further increased by targeted flow around / flushing of the ultrasonic sensor measuring points.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un débitmètre (9) à ultrasons pour déterminer et/ou surveiller le débit volumique et/ou massique d'un agent (5) traversant une conduite ou un tube de mesure (1). La paroi de la conduite ou du tube de mesure (1) comporte, dans la zone de la position définie du capteur ultrasonore (7) et/ou dans la zone de la voie acoustique des signaux de mesure ultrasonores du capteur ultrasonore (7), une ou des déformation(s) (4) qui se présentent et/ou sont disposées de telle sorte que la vitesse d'écoulement de l'agent (5) mesurée dans la voie acoustique ou, s'il y a plusieurs capteurs ultrasonores (7), les vitesses d'écoulement de l'agent (3) mesurées et/ou additionnées dans les voies acoustiques correspondent au moins approximativement à la vitesse moyenne d'écoulement de l'agent (3) déterminée sur la surface de la conduite ou du tube de mesure (1).
EP05813346A 2004-12-13 2005-11-29 Dispositif pour determiner et/ou surveiller un debit volumique et/ou massique Withdrawn EP1825228A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004060118A DE102004060118A1 (de) 2004-12-13 2004-12-13 Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung und/oder Überwachung des Volumen- und/oder Massendurchflusses
PCT/EP2005/056327 WO2006063931A1 (fr) 2004-12-13 2005-11-29 Dispositif pour determiner et/ou surveiller un debit volumique et/ou massique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1825228A1 true EP1825228A1 (fr) 2007-08-29

Family

ID=35759369

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05813346A Withdrawn EP1825228A1 (fr) 2004-12-13 2005-11-29 Dispositif pour determiner et/ou surveiller un debit volumique et/ou massique

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20090100940A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1825228A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101080613A (fr)
DE (1) DE102004060118A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2007126674A (fr)
WO (1) WO2006063931A1 (fr)

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EP2037231A1 (fr) * 2007-09-11 2009-03-18 Kamstrup A/S Dispositif de mesure de flux à ultrasons
HUP0700785A2 (en) 2007-12-05 2009-06-29 Thormed Kft Method and apparatus for determining the flow parameters of a streaming medium
EP2103912B1 (fr) 2008-03-18 2016-09-07 SICK Engineering GmbH Mesure de l'écoulement à ultrasons
DE102009046147A1 (de) * 2009-10-29 2011-05-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Ultraschallwandler zum Einsatz in einem fluiden Medium
DE102009046468A1 (de) * 2009-11-06 2011-05-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Ultraschallströmungssensor zum Einsatz in einem fluiden Medium
DE102013114475B4 (de) 2013-12-19 2021-04-08 Sick Ag Ultraschallmessvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Bestimmen der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit
DE102014104134A1 (de) * 2014-03-25 2015-10-01 Hydrovision Gmbh Vorrichtung zur akustischen Durchflussmessung und Verfahren für eine derartige Vorrichtung
DE102014216553B3 (de) * 2014-08-20 2016-02-11 Landis+Gyr Gmbh Durchflussmesser mit einem in ein Gehäuse eingesetzten Messeinsatz
US9470566B1 (en) * 2015-04-14 2016-10-18 Onicon, Inc. Transducer mounted between two spaced-apart interior surfaces of a cavity in the wall of a flow tube
EP3436787A1 (fr) * 2016-03-31 2019-02-06 Danfoss A/S Procédé de surveillance d'un débitmètre à ultrasons
DE102016013607B4 (de) * 2016-11-15 2022-02-24 Diehl Metering Gmbh Ultraschallzähler
JP6894863B2 (ja) * 2018-03-14 2021-06-30 株式会社キーエンス クランプオン式超音波流量センサ

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2007126674A (ru) 2009-01-20
US20090100940A1 (en) 2009-04-23
CN101080613A (zh) 2007-11-28
DE102004060118A1 (de) 2006-06-14
WO2006063931A1 (fr) 2006-06-22

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Inventor name: FROEHLICH, THOMAS

Inventor name: WIEST, ACHIM

Inventor name: BERGER, ANDREAS

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